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51. State of the science and future directions for research on HIV and cancer: Summary of a joint workshop sponsored by IARC and NCI.

Author: Engels, Eric, Shiels, Meredith, Barnabas, Ruanne, Bohlius, Julia, Brennan, Paul, Castilho, Jessica, Chanock, Stephen, Clarke, Megan, Coghill, Anna, Combes, Jean-Damien, Dryden-Peterson, Scott, DSouza, Gypsyamber, Gopal, Satish, Jaquet, Antoine, Lurain, Kathryn, Makinson, Alain, Martin, Jeffrey, Muchengeti, Mazvita, Newton, Robert, Okuku, Fred, Orem, Jackson, Palefsky, Joel, Ramaswami, Ramya, Robbins, Hilary, Sigel, Keith, Silver, Sylvia, Suneja, Gita, Yarchoan, Robert, and Clifford, Gary
Subjects: cancer, epidemiology, human immunodeficiency virus, people living with HIV, prevention, United States, Humans, HIV, National Cancer Institute (U.S.), Neoplasms, HIV Infections, Anti-HIV Agents
Abstract: An estimated 38 million people live with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide and are at excess risk for multiple cancer types. Elevated cancer risks in people living with HIV (PLWH) are driven primarily by increased exposure to carcinogens, most notably oncogenic viruses acquired through shared transmission routes, plus acceleration of viral carcinogenesis by HIV-related immunosuppression. In the era of widespread antiretroviral therapy (ART), life expectancy of PLWH has increased, with cancer now a leading cause of co-morbidity and death. Furthermore, the types of cancers occurring among PLWH are shifting over time and vary in their relative burden in different parts of the world. In this context, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) convened a meeting in September 2022 of multinational and multidisciplinary experts to focus on cancer in PLWH. This report summarizes the proceedings, including a review of the state of the science of cancer descriptive epidemiology, etiology, molecular tumor characterization, primary and secondary prevention, treatment disparities and survival in PLWH around the world. A consensus of key research priorities and recommendations in these domains is also presented.
Published: 2024

52. Coarse Particulate Matter and Markers of Inflammation and Coagulation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Population: A Repeat Measures Analysis.

Author: Pedde, Meredith, Larson, Timothy, DSouza, Jennifer, Szpiro, Adam, Kloog, Itai, Lisabeth, Lynda, Jacobs, David, Sheppard, Lianne, Allison, Matthew, Kaufman, Joel, and Adar, Sara
Subjects: Humans, Interleukin-6, Inflammation, C-Reactive Protein, Fibrinogen, Atherosclerosis, Particulate Matter
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In contrast to fine particles, less is known of the inflammatory and coagulation impacts of coarse particulate matter (PM10-2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm and>2.5μm). Toxicological research suggests that these pathways might be important processes by which PM10-2.5 impacts health, but there are relatively few epidemiological studies due to a lack of a national PM10-2.5 monitoring network. OBJECTIVES: We used new spatiotemporal exposure models to examine associations of both 1-y and 1-month average PM10-2.5 concentrations with markers of inflammation and coagulation. METHODS: We leveraged data from 7,071 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and ancillary study participants 45-84 y of age who had repeated plasma measures of inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers. We estimated PM10-2.5 at participant addresses 1 y and 1 month before each of up to four exams (2000-2012) using spatiotemporal models that incorporated satellite, regulatory monitoring, and local geographic data and accounted for spatial correlation. We used random effects models to estimate associations with interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and D-dimer, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: Increases in PM10-2.5 were not associated with greater levels of inflammation or coagulation. A 10-μg/m3 increase in annual average PM10-2.5 was associated with a 2.5% decrease in CRP [95% confidence interval (CI): -5.5, 0.6]. We saw no association between annual average PM10-2.5 and the other markers (IL-6: -0.7%, 95% CI: -2.6, 1.2; fibrinogen: -0.3%, 95% CI: -0.9, 0.3; D-dimer: -0.2%, 95% CI: -2.6, 2.4). Associations consistently showed that a 10-μg/m3 increase in 1-month average PM10-2.5 was associated with reduced inflammation and coagulation, though none were distinguishable from no association (IL-6: -1.2%, 95% CI: -3.0 , 0.5; CRP: -2.5%, 95% CI: -5.3, 0.4; fibrinogen: -0.4%, 95% CI: -1.0, 0.1; D-dimer: -2.0%, 95% CI: -4.3, 0.3). DISCUSSION: We found no evidence that PM10-2.5 is associated with higher inflammation or coagulation levels. More research is needed to determine whether the inflammation and coagulation pathways are as important in explaining observed PM10-2.5 health impacts in humans as they have been shown to be in toxicology studies or whether PM10-2.5 might impact human health through alternative biological mechanisms. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12972.
Published: 2024

53. Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Regenerative Medicine Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Consensus Report from a Multispecialty Working Group.

Author: DSouza, Ryan, Her, Yeng, Hussain, Nasir, Karri, Jay, Schatman, Michael, Calodney, Aaron, Lam, Christopher, Buchheit, Thomas, Boettcher, Brennan, Chang Chien, George, Pritzlaff, Scott, Centeno, Christopher, Shapiro, Shane, Klasova, Johana, Grider, Jay, Hubbard, Ryan, Ege, Eliana, Johnson, Shelby, Epstein, Max, Kubrova, Eva, Ramadan, Mohamed, Moreira, Alexandra, Vardhan, Swarnima, Eshraghi, Yashar, Javed, Saba, Abdullah, Newaj, Christo, Paul, Diwan, Sudhir, Hassett, Leslie, Sayed, Dawood, and Deer, Timothy
Subjects: bone marrow aspirate concentrate, injectable biologics, mesenchymal stem cell, pain medicine, platelet-rich plasma, regenerative medicine
Abstract: PURPOSE: Injectable biologics have not only been described and developed to treat dermal wounds, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, but have also been reported to treat chronic pain conditions. Despite emerging evidence supporting regenerative medicine therapy for pain, many aspects remain controversial. METHODS: The American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) identified the educational need for an evidence-based guideline on regenerative medicine therapy for chronic pain. The executive board nominated experts spanning multiple specialties including anesthesiology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and sports medicine based on expertise, publications, research, and clinical practice. A steering committee selected preliminary questions, which were reviewed and refined. Evidence was appraised using the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria for evidence level and degree of recommendation. Using a modified Delphi approach, consensus points were distributed to all collaborators and each collaborator voted on each point. If collaborators provided a decision of disagree or abstain, they were invited to provide a rationale in a non-blinded fashion to the committee chair, who incorporated the respective comments and distributed revised versions to the committee until consensus was achieved. RESULTS: Sixteen questions were selected for guideline development. Questions that were addressed included type of injectable biologics and mechanism, evidence in treating chronic pain indications (eg, tendinopathy, muscular pathology, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc disease, neuropathic pain), role in surgical augmentation, dosing, comparative efficacy between injectable biologics, peri-procedural practices to optimize therapeutic response and quality of injectate, federal regulations, and complications with mitigating strategies. CONCLUSION: In well-selected individuals with certain chronic pain indications, use of injectable biologics may provide superior analgesia, functionality, and/or quality of life compared to conventional medical management or placebo. Future high-quality randomized clinical trials are warranted with implementation of minimum reporting standards, standardization of preparation protocols, investigation of dose-response associations, and comparative analysis between different injectable biologics.
Published: 2024

54. A Systematic Guideline by the ASPN Workgroup on the Evidence, Education, and Treatment Algorithm for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: SWEET.

Author: Abdullah, Newaj, Tieppo Francio, Vinicius, Falowski, Steven, Ibrahim, Yussr, Malinowski, Mark, Budwany, Ryan, Strand, Natalie, Sochacki, Kamil, Shah, Anuj, Dunn, Tyler, Nasseri, Morad, Lee, David, Kapural, Leonardo, Bedder, Marshall, Petersen, Erika, Amirdelfan, Kasra, Schatman, Michael, Grider, Jay, Sayed, Dawood, Deer, Timothy, Hagedorn, Jonathan, Sayed, Asim, DSouza, Ryan, Lam, Christopher, Khatri, Nasir, Hussaini, Zohra, and Pritzlaff, Scott
Subjects: chronic pain, diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, neuropathy, painful diabetic neuropathy, spinal cord stimulation
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a leading cause of pain and disability globally with a lack of consensus on the appropriate treatment of those suffering from this condition. Recent advancements in both pharmacotherapy and interventional approaches have broadened the treatment options for PDN. There exists a need for a comprehensive guideline for the safe and effective treatment of patients suffering from PDN. OBJECTIVE: The SWEET Guideline was developed to provide clinicians with the most comprehensive guideline for the safe and appropriate treatment of patients suffering from PDN. METHODS: The American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) identified an educational need for a comprehensive clinical guideline to provide evidence-based recommendations for PDN. A multidisciplinary group of international experts developed the SWEET guideline. The world literature in English was searched using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, BioMed Central, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Current Contents Connect, Meeting Abstracts, and Scopus to identify and compile the evidence for diabetic neuropathy pain treatments (per section as listed in the manuscript) for the treatment of pain. Manuscripts from 2000-present were included in the search process. RESULTS: After a comprehensive review and analysis of the available evidence, the ASPN SWEET guideline was able to rate the literature and provide therapy grades for most available treatments for PDN utilizing the United States Preventive Services Task Force criteria. CONCLUSION: The ASPN SWEET Guideline represents the most comprehensive review of the available treatments for PDN and their appropriate and safe utilization.
Published: 2024

55. Enhancing Pipeline Reliability Analysis through Machine Learning: A Focus on Corrosion and Fluid Hammer Effects

Author: Ajinkya Zalkikar, Bimal Nepal, Mani Venkata Rakesh Mutyala, Anika Varshney, Lianne Dsouza, Hazlina Husin, and Om Prakash Yadav
Subjects: fluid hammer effect, machine learning, artificial neural networks, design of experiments, pipeline reliability, Technology, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract: Natural gas, known for its cleanliness and cost-effectiveness, is transported across vast distances through pipelines. However, the safety concerns that arise from potential ruptures or leaks in these pipelines pose serious threats to the environment and human safety. This paper assesses the reliability of pipelines that have undergone corrosion, compounded by the fluid hammer effect observed in the liquefied gas flow. Machine learning models including support vector machines, linear discriminant analysis, random forest bagging, and Artificial Neural Networks have been meticulously crafted to forecast the safety status of pipelines, considering variables such as the pipe dimensions, material characteristics, fluid velocity, and flow rate. The design of the experiment methodology plays a pivotal role in calculating the pressure surge in pipelines corroded over time due to ongoing corrosion effects. The proposed machine learning models based on simulated data aim to predict the safety status of corroded pipelines with an accuracy rate of up to 97% in controlled environments. Integrating the proposed machine learning models for reliability analysis and pressure surge detection in corroded pipelines, in conjunction with the fluid hammer effect, offers an innovative approach to identifying risks and hazards.
Published: 2025
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56. Fake news detection using machine learning: an adversarial collaboration approach

Author: DSouza, Karen M. and French, Aaron M.
Published: 2024
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57. Global, regional, and national burden of upper respiratory infections and otitis media, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Doxey, Matthew C, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Bender, Rose Grace, Vongpradith, Avina, Albertson, Samuel B, Novotney, Amanda, Burkart, Katrin, Carter, Austin, Abdi, Parsa, Abdoun, Meriem, Abebe, Ayele Mamo, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Awaidy, Salah, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Al-Rifai, Rami H, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Altartoor, Khaled, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amhare, Abebe Feyissa, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Anil, Abhishek, Anvari, Saeid, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafat, Mosab, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Aujayeb, Avinash, Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Badar, Muhammad, Bahrami Taghanaki, Pegah, Bahramian, Saeed, Baig, Atif Amin, Bajcetic, Milica, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Banach, Maciej, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Belete, Alemu Gedefie, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Beloukas, Apostolos, Beran, Azizullah, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Bitra, Veera R, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Boppana, Sri Harsha, Borhany, Hamed, Bouaoud, Souad, Brown, Colin Stewart, Buonsenso, Danilo, Bustanji, Yasser, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Cegolon, Luca, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Cheng, Esther T W, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Erin, Corlateanu, Alexandru, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dadras, Omid, Dahiru, Tukur, Dai, Xiaochen, Das, Jai K, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dashtkoohi, Mohadese, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Demessa, Berecha Hundessa, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Devegowda, Devananda, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhulipala, Vishal R, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael J, Do, Thanh Chi, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, Dodangeh, Masoud, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, El-Dahiyat, Faris, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elshaer, Mohammed, Eslami, Majid, Eze, Ugochukwu Anthony, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Faramarzi, Ali, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Ferreira, Nuno, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Flor, Luisa S, Gaihre, Santosh, Gajdács, Márió, Galehdar, Nasrin, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Getahun, Genanew K, Getie, Molla, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goyal, Anmol, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Gupta, Renu, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hadei, Mostafa, Hadi, Najah R, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Hamidi, Samer, Hammoud, Ahmad, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hanna, Fahad, Haq, Zaim Anan, Haque, Md Rabiul, Hasan, S M Mahmudul, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassankhani, Hadi, Haubold, Johannes, Hayat, Khezar, Hegazi, Omar E, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Hoogar, Praveen, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Huynh, Hong-Han, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Imam, Mohammad Tarique, Isa, Mustafa Alhaji, Islam, Md Rabiul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, J, Vinothini, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jaggi, Khushleen, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamshidi, Elham, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeswani, Bijay Mukesh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jose, Jobinse, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, K, Vaishali, Kabir, Zubair, Kandel, Himal, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kant, Surya, Kantar, Rami S, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kaur, Navjot, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalaji, Amirmohammad, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kochhar, Sonali, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Krishan, Kewal, Krishna, Hare, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kuitunen, Ilari, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, Dewesh, Kurmi, Om P, Kutikuppala, L V Simhachalam, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lasrado, Savita, Latifinaibin, Kaveh, Le, Huu-Hoai, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Wei-Chen, Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Peng, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Gang, Liu, Runben, Liu, Wei, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Lorenzovici, László, Luo, Lisha, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Iram, Manilal, Aseer, Mehta, Bharati, Mekene Meto, Tesfahun, Mekonnen, Mathewos M, Meles, Hadush Negash, Memish, Ziad Ahmed, Mendez-Lopez, Max Alberto, Meo, Sultan Ayoub, Merati, Mohsen, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mettananda, Sachith, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misra, Arup Kumar, Mohamed, Ahmed Ismail, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammed, Mesud, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moore, Catrin E, Morawska, Lidia, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mousavi, Parsa, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Ganesh R, Nainu, Firzan, Najafi, Mohammad Sadeq, Najdaghi, Soroush, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Nargus, Shumaila, Narimani Davani, Delaram, Naser, Mohammad, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Nwatah, Vincent Ebuka, Odetokun, Ismail A, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Okwute, Patrick Godwin, Olanipekun, Titilope O, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Omer, Goran Latif, Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna, Ordak, Michal, Orish, Verner N, Ortiz-Prado, Esteban, Otstavnov, Nikita, Ouyahia, Amel, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pandey, Ashok, Pantazopoulos, Ioannis, Pardhan, Shahina, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Park, Seoyeon, Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha, Pasovic, Maja, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Peprah, Prince, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Perumal, Dhayaneethie, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pham, Hoang Nhat, Pham, Hoang Tran, Philip, Anil K, Pigott, David M, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Poddighe, Dimitri, Polibin, Roman V, Postma, Maarten J, Pourbabaki, Reza, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qazi, Asma Saleem, Qian, Gangzhen, Rafferty, Quinn, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmati, Masoud, Rajput, Prashant, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Ravikumar, Nakul, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reyes, Luis Felipe Felipe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Nima, Rezahosseini, Omid, Rizvi, Syed Mohd Danish, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Ronfani, Luca, Roudashti, Shekoufeh, Roy, Priyanka, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi, Pooya, Safari, Mehdi, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahu, Monalisha, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salam, Nasir, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Sallam, Malik, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Sathyanarayan, Anudeep, Saulam, Jennifer, Saxena, Sonia, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael, Schumacher, Austin E, Sedighi, Mansour, Sendekie, Ashenafi Kibret, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sethi, Yashendra, SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad, Shafie, Mahan, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sham, Sunder, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Shastry, Rajesh P, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shittu, Aminu, Shiue, Ivy, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Simpson, Colin R, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Sinto, Robert, Solanki, Ranjan, Soliman, Sameh S M, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabish, Mohammad, Taha, Zanan Mohammed-Ameen, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Taye, Birhan Tsegaw, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terefa, Dufera Rikitu, Thakur, Ramna, Thapar, Rekha, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Nghia Minh, Tran, Ngoc Ha, Tran Minh Duc, Nguyen, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Upadhyay, Era, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vinayak, Manish, Waqas, Muhammad, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yezli, Saber, Yin, Dehui, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Yong, Zakham, Fathiah, Zandieh, Ghazal G Z, Zare, Iman, Zarimeidani, Fatemeh, Zastrozhin, Michael, Zhai, Chunxia, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Yang, Zhou, Juexiao, Zia, Hafsa, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zyoud, Samer H, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe
Published: 2025
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58. Over Investigation: An Ethical Debate

Author: Dsouza, Nikith Austin, Girish, H. C., Kore, Mahesh, Amdekar, Yeshwant Krishna, and Kinikar, Aarti Avinash
Published: 2024
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59. Audiological Profile in Adenoid Hypertrophy

Author: Crasta, Christy and Dsouza, Jenin
Published: 2024
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60. Assessing the Effectiveness of Multilevel Intervention Sequences on “Tension” Among Men Living with HIV: A Randomized-Control Trial

Author: Ha, Toan, Shi, Hui, Pham, Bang Nguyen, Dsouza, Aidan, Shrestha, Roman, Kuchipudi, Suresh V., Luu, Hung N., Le, Ngoan Tran, and Schensul, Stephen L.
Published: 2024
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61. Justifications and Rights-Displacements

Author: Dsouza, Mark
Published: 2024
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62. Criminal Law Theory: Introduction

Author: Dsouza, Mark, Harel, Alon, and Segev, Re’em
Published: 2024
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63. The Role of a ‘Tracheostomy Care Training Module’ in Improving the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Among Nurses in High Dependency Units

Author: Thomas, Tia Teresa, Rao, Vinay V., Mahmood, Lulu Sherif, Bhat, Mahesh, and Dsouza, Cimona
Published: 2024
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64. The first evidence of tidally induced activity in a brown dwarf-M dwarf pair: A Chandra study of the NLTT 41135/41136 system

Author: Ilić, Nikoleta, Poppenhaeger, Katja, Dsouza, Desmond, Wolk, Scott J., Agüeros, Marcel A., and Stelzer, Beate
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The magnetic activity of low-mass stars changes as they age. The primary process decreasing the stellar activity level is the angular momentum loss via magnetized stellar wind. However, processes like tidal interactions between stars and their close companions may slow down the braking effect and the subsequent decrease of the activity level. Until now, the tidal impact of substellar objects like brown dwarfs on the evolution of their central stars has not been quantified. Here, we analyse the X-ray properties of NLTT 41135, an M dwarf tightly orbited by a brown dwarf, to determine the impact of tidal interactions between them. We find that NLTT 41135 is more than an order of magnitude brighter in the X-ray regime than its stellar companion NLTT 41136, also an M dwarf star, with whom it forms a wide binary system. To characterize the typical intrinsic activity scatter between coeval M dwarf stars, we analyse a control sample of 25 M dwarf wide binary systems, observed with XMM-Newton and Chandra telescopes and the eROSITA instrument onboard the Spectrum R\"ontgen Gamma satellite. The activity difference in the NLTT 41135/41136 system is a $3.44 \sigma$ outlier compared to the intrinsic activity scatter of the control systems. Therefore, the most convincing explanation for the observed activity discrepancy is tidal interactions between the M dwarf and its brown dwarf. This shows that tidal interactions between a star and a substellar companion can moderately alter the expected angular-momentum evolution of the star, making standard observational proxies for its age, such as X-ray emission, unreliable., Comment: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 15 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2023
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65. Time to Teach: Teacher Attendance and Time on Task in West and Central Africa

Author: UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti (Italy), Játiva, Ximena, Karamperidou, Despina, Mills, Michelle, Vindrola, Stefania, Wedajo, Hanna, Dsouza, Andrea, and Bergmann, Jessica
Abstract: Teachers are the most important drivers of students' academic achievement and they are at the heart of learning recovery efforts. Finding out the bottlenecks and necessary conditions for ensuring teachers' presence at school and in the classroom is essential. Time to Teach is a mixed methods research initiative that aims to find out the contextual, working conditions and policy factors impeding primary school teacher attendance in 11 West and Central African countries: Co^te d'Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, The Gambia, and Togo. The study considers teacher attendance as multi-dimensional, in four distinct forms. Teachers were asked to about their attendance in relation to: (1) being school; (2) being punctual (arriving and leaving on time); (3) being the classroom; and (4) spending sufficient time on task. Evidence is drawn from national, system-wide qualitative data collection and school observations, and a quantitative survey of 1,673 teachers working in 234 purposively selected primary schools. While primary data were collected prior to the COVID-19 school closures (in the 2018/2019 school year), the study provides important insights on how the pandemic has exacerbated chronic challenges of education systems that impact teacher attendance and is therefore informative for policy, both in the current COVID-19 era and beyond.
Published: 2022

66. Evaluating the Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Cycle Threshold Values at Diagnosis with Subsequent COVID-19 Disease Severity and Humoral Immune Responses in Children: A Prospective Observational Study

Author: Asha Jyothi Penugonda, Deepayan Biswas, Rahul William Dsouza, Koshy Alan Valiaveetil, Balamurugan Durai, Belavendra Antonisamy, Mahesh Moorthy, Rajeev Zachariah Kompithra, and Leni Grace Mathew
Subjects: children, covid-19 disease severity, cycle threshold values, sars-cov-2 antibodies, Medicine, Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract: Background and Objective: Few studies in adults and none in children have analyzed simultaneously, the correlation of SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) cycle threshold (Ct) value (inversely correlated to viral load) at diagnosis, with subsequent disease severity and antibody responses. A correlation could potentially inform treatment and vaccination decisions in advance. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from February 2021 to January 2022 in children below 16 years who tested RT-PCR test positive for SARS-CoV-2, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Disease severity was stratified as per standard definitions. Ct values were analyzed at diagnosis; IgG antibodies to S and N2 were quantified using a binding antibody test, 4–6 weeks after diagnosis. Multivariable analyses factored in potential effect modifiers such as age, gender, time from onset of symptoms to RT-PCR testing, time from RT-PCR to antibody testing, and immunocompromised state. Results: Of the 79 (47 male: 32 female) children who completed the study, 23 (29%) were asymptomatic, 47 (59%) had mild-to-moderate disease, 9 (11.4%) had severe disease; and 30/79 (38%) had comorbidities. The mean Ct/standard deviation (SD) value of the study population was 27.94 (±6.8); with mean Ct/SD values of 30.71 (±4.82), 26.25 (±6.82), and 29.69 (±8.5) in asymptomatic, mild-to–moderate, and severe disease, respectively. Although differences were observed between disease groups in mean Ct values and anti-N antibody titers using multiple-comparison correction, multivariable analyses showed no statistically significant correlation between Ct values, disease severity, and antibody titers. Conclusions: In children, SARS-CoV-2 Ct value at diagnosis independently predicts neither subsequent disease course/severity nor antibody response after 4–6 weeks.
Published: 2024
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67. Renal Resistive Index as A Early Predictor of Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author: Amith Vijay Leon Dsouza, Reshmina D'Souza, Prashanth Adiga K, and Anston Braggs
Subjects: resistivity index, ri, renal dysfunction, doppler indices, diabetic, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background : Type 2 diabetes develops over a long period of time, represents 85–90 per cent of all cases of diabetes . Diabetic nephropathy is a relatively common form of chronic renal disease. It is the most constant microvascular complication in diabetic patients.Conventional ultrasound and colour Doppler provide easily available, affordable and non-invasive follow up method for evaluation of kidneys in diabetic nephropathy. Aim :The purpose of this study is to assess the intrarenal resistivity index by Doppler ultrasonography in a group of diabetics with normal renal function in comparison to non diabetic controls and correlating them with biochemical parameters. Materials And Methods :The study was done over a period of 2 years from October 2020 To October 2022. The study I a case control study we evaluated the intra-renal hemodynamic changes with Doppler sonography in diabetic patients in comparison to non-diabetic controls, All the data was expressed as mean + SD. Differences between the two groups was analysed by t test and chi-square test. Categorical data expressed as frequency and percentages. Results And Observations The mean age in the diabetic group was 58.84 years SD + 15.61 years and age - non diabetic group was 56.66 years SD + 14.09 years . there was a negative correlation between age and diabetes mellitus with nephropathy , p > 0.0784 r -.026 A significant the correlation of the Mean resistivity index RI of the right kidney at the hilum was 0.63 the correlation was positive that is the resistance increased in diabetes mellitus as compared to non diabetic and this was significant with a p value 0 .049 significant . All the resistive indices were higher in the diabetic than the non diabetic individuals , the highest being in the midpole and it was statistically significant at all places in both kidneys with a p value
Published: 2024
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68. Dosimetric Comparison of Tangential Volumetric Arc Therapy and Half Beam Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Planning Technique for Carcinoma of the Breast

Author: Shreekripa Rao, Alpha Benny, Srinidhi Chandraguthi, and Rechal Dsouza
Subjects: vmat, breast cancer, radiation dose, planning, radiotherapy, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract: Introduction: This study aims to compare tangential volumetric modulated arc therapy with half beam volumetric modulated arc therapy in the treatment of cancer in the left and right breasts. Material and Methods: Twenty patients (10 with left and 10 with right breast cancer) were planned with Tangential Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (tVMAT) and Half Beam Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (HVMAT) techniques for prescribed dose of 42.56Gy over 16 fractions with 6MV photon. The tVMAT technique limit the radiation to non-target areas. Dosimetric evaluations were performed for planning target volume (PTV), ipsilateral lung, heart, and contralateral breast with analysis via Repeated Measures ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. Results: tVMAT achieved superior target coverage and dose homogeneity compared to HVMAT. For left breast cancer, HVMAT reduced ipsilateral lung doses but increased contralateral breast doses. Heart doses remained similar in both techniques. For right breast cancer, tVMAT provided higher target coverage and reduced doses across critical parameters. Conclusion: tVMAT demonstrates strong potential as an advanced radiotherapy technique for breast cancer, improving dose control to the ipsilateral lung and heart while minimizing dose spread to the contralateral side, making it a promising alternative to conventional VMAT for enhanced precision in breast cancer treatment.
Published: 2024
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69. Rural health dynamics: Exploring the prevalence of prediabetes and prehypertension among the rural population of Puducherry district

Author: S Thamizhmaran, Madonna J Dsouza, Divyabharathy Ramadass, and J Arun Daniel
Subjects: idrs, prediabetes, prehypertension, puducherry, rural, Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Noncommunicable diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming 41 million lives annually. Notably, type 2 diabetes not only presents well-known complications but also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease silently. Furthermore, concerningly high rates of undiagnosed diabetes and hypertension emphasize the need for improved diagnostic capabilities and enhanced awareness. The growing prevalence of prediabetes, a precursor to diabetes, further underscores the urgency for proactive action. Therefore, addressing the silent killers through early detection and comprehensive management strategies is crucial to combat this global health crisis. Objective The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of prediabetes and prehypertension and the factors associated with them among the rural population of Puducherry district. Methodology A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 adults more than 30 years of age residing in rural field practice areas of a private medical college in the Puducherry district over 8 months (January 2023 to August 2023). Multistage sampling was employed. After obtaining written informed consent, data collection included a pretested questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference) and blood pressure measurements were recorded; on subsequent days, fasting capillary blood sugar levels were checked. The data were analyzed using SPSS v21. Results On categorization based on the Indian Diabetes Risk Score, the results showed that 14.4% of participants were high-risk for diabetes, with 74% and 11.5% falling into medium- and low-risk categories, respectively. Also, the prevalence of hypertension was 31.3%, with an additional 13% prehypertensive and 55.8% normotensive. Notably, 64.6% of hypertensive individuals had Stage I and 35.4% had Stage II. Family history, self-reported diet, physical activity, and body mass index were significantly associated with prediabetes/diabetes (P value < 0.05). In addition to this, there has been a significant association between the risk of developing diabetes and systolic blood pressure (P value = 0.011). Conclusion Family history emerged as a significant risk factor for both diabetes and hypertension, highlighting the importance of genetic predisposition and the potential benefit of targeted family-based interventions. These findings raise concerns regarding the high prevalence of diabetes and hypertension risk factors within this population.
Published: 2024
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70. #Anatomynotes: A Temporal Content Analysis of Anatomy Education Posts on Instagram

Author: Ishrat Hussain, Ciana Dsouza, Sharon Wing Lam Yip, Matthew Flynn, and Mohammed Ahmed Rashid
Abstract: Social media platforms such as Instagram are becoming increasingly popular sources for students to access anatomy educational resources. This review used content analysis to examine posts under the hashtag #anatomynotes and is the first to map the characteristics of anatomy education posts on Instagram and determine any temporal changes. Sample posts were gathered from April 2019 and April 2021 and categorized according to the technical format, purpose and author credentials. Engagement was recorded in the form of likes and comments. Overall, posts depicting illustrations remained the most popular format within both time periods. Three-dimensional models saw an increase in popularity with a 62.5% rise. Students remained the most common author type throughout and increased further in 2021 by 25%. Clinician authors and posts focusing on clinical education also increased in 2021 by 17.9% and 227%, respectively. Humor-based posts saw the greatest increase among the post purposes, with 1000% more recorded in 2021. Engagement overall saw a decline with notably significant reductions in average likes per post among all text-based posts (-72%, p < 0.0001), all illustrative posts (-51%, p = 0.0013), and a decline in the presence of comments among all text-based posts (-65.1%, p = 0.0158). These findings highlight that Instagram is a popular platform for facilitating near-peer teaching while increasingly providing a space where students and clinicians can interact. Additionally, it highlights the benefits of the platform for visually focused learners. However, future research should seek to determine whether Instagram can facilitate deeper learning and have an impact on academic and clinical performance.
Published: 2024
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71. Integrating Character Education in Schools: A Case Study on Holistic Student Development and Stakeholder Collaboration in Udupi, Karnataka

Author: Shruthi Patricia Dsouza and Padmanabha C. H.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate how schools integrate character education into their curriculum and culture to promote holistic student development and ethical values in the 21st century. Additionally, it aims to explore the impact of collaboration among stakeholders on the implementation of character education programs and students' character development. This study employed mixed methods for data collection and analysis. The principal instruments utilized included a student survey featuring both closed and open-ended questions and interviews conducted with principals, teachers, and parents of six schools in the Udupi district of Karnataka, India. These interviews were conducted through convenience sampling, gathering perspectives from principals, teachers, and students regarding their existing character education programs. The study's findings illuminate the intricate processes by which character education is interwoven into both the curriculum and the broader school culture with the aim of nurturing holistic student development, and delves into the crucial role of collaboration among stakeholders in influencing the successful implementation of character education initiatives. This study combines descriptive and analytical research elements, providing an in-depth examination of ethical school culture and character education practices in India.
Published: 2024
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72. Global, regional, and national burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990–2021, and forecasts to 2050, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Carter, Austin, Zhang, Meixin, Tram, Khai Hoan, Walters, Magdalene K, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Brewer, Edmond D, Novotney, Amanda, Lasher, Dylan, Mpolya, Emmanuel A, Vongpradith, Avina, Ma, Jianing, Verma, Megan, Frank, Tahvi D, He, Jiawei, Byrne, Sam, Lin, Christine, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Pease, Spencer A, Comfort, Haley, May, Erin A, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdi, Parsa, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Faisal, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Ayman, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Mosa, Amjad S, Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alam, Nazmul, Alam, Noore, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alayu, Daniel Shewaye, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Altaf, Awais, Altwalbeh, Diala, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amani, Reza, Amera, Tewodros Getnet, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Anil, Abhishek, Anjorin, Abdul-Azeez Adeyemi, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwar, Saleha, Anwer, Razique, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, er, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Armani, Keivan, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Asika, Marvellous O, Asmerom, Haftu Asmerom, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awad, Hamzeh, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayele, Firayad, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Aziz, Shahkaar, B, Darshan B, Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah, Badar, Muhammad, Bahramian, Saeed, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Balcha, Wondu Feyisa, Bam, Kiran, Banik, Biswajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Saurav, Bathini, Prapthi Persis, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Begum, Tahmina, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belete, Abel Cherkos, Beloukas, Apostolos, Beneke, Alice A, Beran, Azizullah, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Bernstein, Robert S, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Singh, Bishaw, Keralem Anteneh, Bisht, Khushboo D, Bodhare, Trupti, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Boltaev, Azizbek A, Borhany, Hamed, Bouaoud, Souad, Brown, Colin Stewart, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Cao, Chao, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Guangjin, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Cindi, Zinhle, Couto, Rosa A S, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali, Dabo, Bashir, Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Gizachew Worku, Dahiru, Tukur, Dai, Xiaochen, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, das Neves, José, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Deribe, Kebede, Des Jarlais, Don C, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Deuba, Keshab, Dhane, Amol S, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael R, Ding, Delaney D, Do, Thanh Chi, Dohare, Sushil, Dongarwar, Deepa, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Efendi, Ferry, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eltaha, Chadi, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eslami, Majid, Eze, Ugochukwu Anthony, Fahim, Ayesha, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazeli, Patrick, Fekadu, Ginenus, Ferreira, Nuno, Firew, Belete Sewasew, Fischer, Florian, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Behzad, Fukumoto, Takeshi, G, Sridevi, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholami, Ehsan, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Girmay, Alem Abera, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyal, Anmol, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Bhawna, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haghmorad, Dariush, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haq, Zaim Anan, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Hoogar, Praveen, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh Adli, Ahmad, Hundie, Tsegaye Gebreyes, Hushmandi, Kiavash, Huynh, Hong-Han, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Isa, Mustafa Alhaji, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, J, Vinothini, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jain, Akhil, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kannan S, Suthanthira, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kassel, Molly B, Kayode, Gbenga A, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khalil, Anees Ahmed, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Yusra H, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khorrami, Zahra, Khosravi, Majid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Jong Yeob, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Komaki, Somayeh, Kondlahalli, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vijay, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Ladan, Muhammad Awwal, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Lee, Seung Won, LeGrand, Kate E, Lerango, Temesgen L, Li, Ming-Chieh, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Runben, Lodha, Rakesh, Loreche, Arianna Maever, M. Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Ma, Zheng Feei, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Hardeep Singh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Marasini, Bishnu P, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio Rogerlândio, Martorell, Miquel, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Mathur, Navgeet, McKowen, Anna Laura W, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Memish, Ziad Ahmed, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Meylakhs, Peter, Mhlanga, Laurette, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Minervini, Giuseppe, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Moazen, Babak, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Hussen, Mohammed, Salahuddin, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montazeri, Fateme, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi, Yousef, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Munjal, Kavita, Munkhsaikhan, Yanjinlkham, Murlimanju, B.V., Musaigwa, Fungai, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Gurudatta, Nainu, Firzan, Najafi, Mohammad Sadeq, Nargus, Shumaila, Navaratna, Samidi Nirasha Kumari, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nduaguba, Sabina Onyinye, Negesse, Chernet Tafere, Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin, Niranjan, Vikram, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noor, Syed Toukir Ahmed, Not applicable, Nawsherwan, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Nugen, Fred, Nutor, Jerry John, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Odetokun, Ismail A, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Olalusi, Oladotun Victor, Olatubi, Matthew Idowu, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Opejin, Abdulahi, Ordak, Michal, Orish, Verner N, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Ouyahia, Amel, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Claudia, Pandey, Ashok, Panos, Leonidas D, Paredes, Jose L, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Pashaei, Ava, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Peprah, Prince, Pereira, Marcos, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pham, Hoang Tran, Pillay, Julian David, Poluru, Ramesh, Postma, Maarten J, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Pradhan, Jalandhar, Prakash, Prem, Prakasham, Thejeswar N N, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Priscilla, Tina, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qazi, Asma Saleem, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rafferty, Quinn, Rafique, Ibrar, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rajaa, Sathish, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Rana, Kritika, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner Jr., Robert C, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Root, Kevin T, Ross, Allen Guy, Rotimi, Kunle, Roy, Nitai, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi, Pooya, Safi, Sher Zaman Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Saif, Zahra, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salam, Nasir, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salehi, Leili, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Sathyanarayan, Anudeep, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sedighi, Mansour, Semagn, Birhan Ewunu, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamekh, Ali, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Shastry, Shamee, Shenoy, Rekha Raghuveer, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Siedner, Mark J, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Singh, Harmanjit, Sinto, Robert, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Sobia, Farrukh, Sokhan, Anton, Solanki, Shipra, Solanki, Ranjan, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sulaiman, Sahabi K, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabish, Mohammad, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tanwar, Manoj, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Taveira, Nuno, Teklay, Gebrehiwot, Tesfaye, Behailu Terefe, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thienemann, Friedrich, Thomas, Joe, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tsai, Alexander C, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Atta, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Muhammad, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vo, Anh Truc, Vos, Theo, Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yanzhong, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Weldu, Gebre Adhanom, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew, Wong, Yen Jun, Worku, Nigus Kassie, Wu, Zenghong, Wu, Xinsheng, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yesera, Gesila Endashaw, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Arzu, Yin, Dehui, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zakham, Fathiah, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jingya, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhu, Bin, Zhuang, Qingyuan, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zihao, Liu, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Samer H, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Imai-Eaton, Jeffrey W, Naghavi, Mohsen, Schumacher, Austin E, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe
Published: 2024
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73. Photobiomodulation therapy for mitigating severity of radiodermatitis in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a scoping review

Author: Rao, Devika, Dsouza, Cliva Neha, Prabhu, Smitha S, Kumar, Praveen, and Prabhu, Vijendra
Published: 2024
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74. Associations between short-term ambient temperature exposure and emergency department visits for amphetamine, cocaine, and opioid use in California from 2005 to 2019.

Author: Chang, Howard, Zhang, Haisu, Latimore, Amanda, Murray, Brian, DSouza, Rohan, Scovronick, Noah, Ebelt, Stefanie, and Gribble, Matthew
Subjects: Cocaine, Heat, Opioid, Overdose stimulant, Substance use, Temperature, Humans, Amphetamine, Analgesics, Opioid, California, Cocaine, Drug Overdose, Emergency Service, Hospital, Temperature, United States, Cross-Over Studies
Abstract: Substance use disorder is a growing public health challenge in the United States. People who use drugs may be more vulnerable to ambient heat due to the effects of drugs on thermoregulation and their risk environment. There have been limited population-based studies of ambient temperature and drug-related morbidity. We examined short-term associations between daily ambient temperature and emergency department (ED) visits for use or overdose of amphetamine, cocaine and opioids in California during the period 2005 to 2019. Daily ZIP code-level maximum, mean, and minimum temperature exposures were derived from 1-km data Daymet products. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to estimate cumulative non-linear associations of daily temperature for lag days 0 to 3. Stratified analyses by patient sex, race, and ethnicity were also conducted. The study included over 3.4 million drug-related ED visits. We found positive associations between daily temperature and ED visits for all outcomes examined. An increase in daily mean temperature from the 50th to the 95th percentile was associated with ED visits for amphetamine use (OR = 1.072, 95% CI: 1.058, 1.086), cocaine use (OR = 1.044, 95% CI: 1.021, 1.068 and opioid use (OR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.025, 1.057). Stronger positive associations were also observed for overdose: amphetamine overdose (OR = 1.150, 95% CI: 1.085, 1.218), cocaine overdose (OR = 1.159, 95% CI: 1.053, 1.276), and opioid overdose (OR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.054, 1.106). In summary, people who use stimulants and opioids may be a subpopulation sensitive to short-term higher ambient temperature. Mitigating heat exposure can be considered in harm reduction strategies in response to the substance use epidemic and global climate change.
Published: 2023

75. Children's Perspectives towards the Elderly - A Cross-Sectional Survey

Author: Josmitha Maria Dsouza and Neetha Kamath
Subjects: aged, attitude, children oral health, elderly, older people, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract: Background: With an aging global population, understanding the perceptions and attitudes of younger generations toward the elderly becomes increasingly vital for promoting intergenerational rapport and encouraging social cohesion.Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the attitudes of children towards the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 384 children between the ages of 7-14 in selected schools of Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. The data was collected using a pre-validated rating scale. Results: The children's mean score on the attitude towards the elderly scale was 27.08±4.39, indicating that the 89.06% have a favorable attitude towards the elderly. Moreover, a significant association was found between the children's perspective towards the elderly and the demographic variables like age (P= 0.003), class (P
Published: 2025

76. Prescription patterns and drug utilization in respiratory tract infections: implications for antimicrobial stewardship at a tertiary care teaching hospital

Author: Princy Domnic Dsouza, Sai Phalguna Prakash Chitralu, Chandrashekhar Mallikarjun Patil, Vinod Ashok Koujalagi, and Sanatkumar Bharamu Nyamagoud
Subjects: Antimicrobial stewardship, ceftriaxone, drug utilization evaluation, polypharmacy, prescription patterns, rational drug use, Medicine
Abstract: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common causes of hospital admissions and are often treated with multiple medications, including antibiotics, contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Effective drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is essential for ensuring rational drug use in RTI management. This study aimed to assess prescription patterns and drug utilization in RTI patients at a tertiary care hospital, focusing on the rationality of drug use, polypharmacy, adherence to clinical guidelines, and implications for antimicrobial stewardship. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Vivekananda General Hospital, Hubballi, India, from August 2023 to January 2024. Data from 200 RTI inpatients, including demographics, medication types, administration routes, and prescription patterns, were analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate adherence to guidelines and rational drug use. DUE revealed that 50.99% of patients were not prescribed cough syrup. Oral (52%) and intravenous (48%) routes were the most common. Budesonide was the most frequently prescribed bronchodilator (26.49%), and 72.45% of patients received oxygen. Ceftriaxone (12.68%) and azithromycin (11.88%) were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. A high prevalence of polypharmacy was identified, with 39.50% of patients receiving more than three antibiotics, raising concerns about drug interactions and rationality. The study underscores the need for stricter adherence to clinical guidelines and targeted antimicrobial stewardship in RTI management. Enhanced DUE practices could improve patient outcomes and promote rational drug use.
Published: 2024
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77. Policy and regulatory frameworks for agritourism development in India: A scoping review

Author: Komal Jenifer Dsouza, Ankitha Shetty, Pooja Damodar, Jeet Dogra, and Nachiket Gudi
Subjects: agritourism, policy intervention, regulatory frameworks, India, scoping review, Social Sciences
Abstract: AbstractAmong the many verticals in India’s rich kaleidoscope of tourism services, agritourism offers a vivid rural experience to tourists. National and state-level tourism policies focused on agritourism play a pivotal role in its performance enhancement. Despite its potential, the country needs a foundational framework through a National Tourism Policy. This missing link encouraged us to conduct a scoping review to synthesize and understand policy interventions in India aimed at promoting agritourism by following the guidelines espoused by Arksey and O’Malley. Individual policies of India’s states and union territories were synthesized to understand the significance of agritourism in the region. We also searched for scientific articles on Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar that focused on agritourism development through policy dimensions and regulatory frameworks. The results are presented through the lens of Carol Bacchi's framework. In the final review, 23 documents were included. Our findings reflect an urgent need to develop and implement policies that define strategic and financial support to encourage farmers to take up agritourism on their land. In addition, the development of agritourism policies must be followed by implementation and monitoring through definitive institutional mechanisms.
Published: 2024
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78. Variables that sway the capital structure! Evidence from the US automotive industry

Author: Suzan Dsouza, Krishnamoorthy K, Umar Nawaz Kayani, and Hassan Nasseredine
Subjects: US automotive industry, capital structure decisions, total debt ratio, short-term debt ratio, long-term debt ratio, panel data study, Social Sciences
Abstract: AbstractThe choice of capital structure (capst) has significant implications for a firm’s financial performance and value. It is always a challenge for the firms to make the right decision on the capst proportion. The study identifies the firm variables that sway the capst decisions of the US automotive industry. In this study, we utilize unbalanced panel data from 86 firms for the period 2011–2022 making up a total of 670 firm/year observations. The dependent variable is the firm’s capital structure proxied by total debt ratio, long-term debt ratio, and short-term debt ratio, while the independent variables are sales growth, firm size, profitability of firm, and tangibility ratio. Through a quantitative approach and panel regression, the study concluded that profitability of firm has a negative and significant impact on both total debt ratio and short-term debt, while sales growth, firm size, and tangibility ratio have no significant impact on any of the debt variables representing capital structure. These findings provide insights into the financial practices of the US automotive industry sample and can support future decision-making in the industry. These insights can inform decision-making related to capst choices, financial risk management, and strategic planning for automotive industry firms.
Published: 2024
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79. Crafting careers through theory-driven interventions: a scoping review of the utility of social cognitive career theory and career maturity inventory

Author: Pooja Damodar, Ankitha Shetty, Melanie Pius Dsouza, Arjun Prakash, and Nachiket Gudi
Subjects: Career intervention, career development, career maturity inventory, exploration stage, social cognitive career theory, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044
Abstract: In the intricate tapestry of the exploration stage (14–25 years), students grapple with the challenges of self-discovery, career ambiguity, and the quest for purpose. Over the last few decades, a vast body of research evidence on the utility of ‘Social Cognitive Career Theory’ (SCCT) and ‘Career Maturity Inventory’ (CMI) in designing career interventions has emerged. This framework and instrument can potentially assist students in navigating the critical exploration stage. As espoused by Arksey and O’Malley, our scoping review outlines the utility of SCCT and CMI in designing early career intervention. In addition, we identify and document the facilitators and barriers to utilizing SCCT and CMI. It presents the nuanced application of the framework and the instrument in rural and urban settings. The findings affirm the robust utility of SCCT and CMI, thereby informing academicians and practitioners in designing and implementing effective early career interventions.
Published: 2024
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80. Tourism and wellbeing: curating a new dimension for future research

Author: Komal Jenifer DSouza and Ankitha Shetty
Subjects: Tourism, tourist wellbeing, future research, SMART approach, Prakash Matura, Taylor and Francis, New Delhi, India, Social Sciences
Abstract: AbstractEvidence from literature shows that wellbeing has been considerably picking the drift for a decade as a path to find oneself in a chaotic world. Complimentary to this, the tourism industry is invested in tailoring its services and paying attention to tourist wellbeing. Therefore, this study pioneers in reviewing the plethora of research that amplifies tourist wellbeing and attempts to redefine its conceptualization in addition to underscoring the need for its practical application. We strengthened the methodology by using the SMART approach to define the literature’s parameters, PRISMA for the purpose of data transparency and R bibliometric tools for a comprehensive analysis of data. The inclusion of records at every stage was presented using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 2020. N = 279 papers were extracted from Scopus for the final synthesis using Bibliometric tools to map the prospects of the domain. Findings highlight the need to broaden the horizons of tourist wellbeing in concept and practice to make the industry more sustainable and resilient. The responsibility to rebuild tourist-wellbeing vests on stakeholders and scholars by underscoring the potential of the contemporary tourism industry. This study lays out a foundational dimension for future research in the area of tourist wellbeing.
Published: 2024
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81. Geospatial mapping of public sentiment and infodemic on human papillomavirus vaccination in India: An indication to formulation of strategies for effective implementation

Author: Priyobrat Rajkhowa, Cauvery Kalyanpur, Rakshitha K, Viola Savy Dsouza, Sanjay Pattanshetty, Prakash Narayanan, Kavitha Saravu, and Helmut Brand
Subjects: HPV vaccination, Misinformation, Mistrust, Public health outcomes, Vaccine concern, Vaccine preventable disease, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: The implementation of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is crucial for eliminating cervical cancer in India. The infodemic, characterised by misleading information, could hinder the successful implementation of the initiative. Misinformation related to the HPV vaccine, such as rumours, has been reported and circulated, contributing to an alarming pattern of vaccine hesitancy observed on social media. This study aimed to identify the public sentiment towards HPV vaccination based on the ‘Behavioral and Social Drivers (BeSD)’ framework through geospatial, content and sentiment analysis. A total of 1,487 tweets were extracted. After preprocessing, 1010 tweets were identified for sentiment and content analysis. The sentiments expressed towards the HPV vaccine are mixed, with a generally positive outlook on the vaccines. Within the population, there is a pervasive proliferation of misinformation, primarily focusing on vaccine safety and efficacy, contentious subjects, ethical considerations, and a prevalent sense of uncertainty in selecting the appropriate vaccine. These observations are crucial for developing targeted strategies to address public concerns and enhance vaccination rates. The insights gained from these results will guide policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and public health organisations to implement evidence-based interventions, thereby countering vaccine hesitancy and improving public health outcomes.
Published: 2024
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82. Does an overconfidence bias affect stock return, trading volume, and liquidity? Fresh insights from the G7 nations

Author: Mustafa Raza Rabbani, Md Qamar Azam, Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar, Rashed Aljalahma, and Suzan Dsouza
Subjects: COVID-19, financial market, G7, IRF, VAR, Dr. Chris Jones, Economics, Finance & Entrepreneurship, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Economic Psychology, Finance, HG1-9999, Economic theory. Demography, HB1-3840
Abstract: The article extends the empirical literature on overconfidence bias in G7 stock markets during pre- and post-COVID-19 and provides additional evidence. Using vector autoregression and impulse response functions (IRFs), we analyze the overconfidence bias for the daily data from January 2015 to December 2021. Because the pertinent coefficients are positive and highly significant for only a few lags, there is a strong contemporaneity between market volume and market return in the pre-COVID-19 period of the Canadian and Italian stock markets. The study shows compelling evidence of overconfident behavior in the Italian market during the COVID-19 crisis. Along with trading volume, market liquidity influences overconfidence bias, which tracks market return but not vice versa. For investors, decision-makers, and market regulators, the study has significant ramifications in the current market turbulence caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, overconfidence contributes to the reported extra unpredictability due to the high level of sensitive data.
Published: 2024
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83. ‘I would want to listen to it as a medicine’ – Lo-fi music and state anxiety, a mixed-methods pilot study on young adults

Author: Melanie Pius Dsouza, Ankitha Shetty, Shwetha TS, Pooja Damodar, Asha Albuquerque Pai, Rebecca Joyline Mathias, Sara D’Souza, and Neha Tanya Lewis
Subjects: Lo-fi music, music, state anxiety, anxiety, young adult, health and well-being, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044
Abstract: Faced with heightened state anxiety, today’s youth are turning to lo-fi music for relief – but does it truly work, how and why? This study represents a pioneering initial exploration of lo-fi music and state anxiety through the lens of critical realism. It employs a mixed-methods intervention design to assess the preliminary effectiveness of lo-fi music in alleviating state anxiety and explores its possible underlying mechanisms. A pre-post experiment (n = 76) followed by interviews (n = 27) was conducted on young adults pursuing post-graduate education in Karnataka, India. Results demonstrate a significant reduction in state anxiety after lo-fi exposure. Participants reported that lo-fi disrupts intrusive thoughts and promotes relaxation, sleep, and positive mental states, construing it as an antidote to anxiety. This research unearths the unique characteristics of lo-fi music that may drive this effect. Future investigation is warranted to test the efficacy of this music in youth-focused mental health interventions.
Published: 2024
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84. Transformative career maturity training for rural adolescents: an exploratory approach

Author: Pooja Damodar, Ankitha Shetty, Arjun Prakash, and Komal Jenifer Dsouza
Subjects: Career maturity, career exploration, exploration stage, quality education, school-to-college transition, rural adolescents, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044
Abstract: Rural adolescents often overlook the significance of early career preparation, thus hampering their school-to-college transition. Regardless of overall growth, Karnataka, a state in India, confronts challenges in achieving a high transition rate, and a paucity of career maturity among rural youth exists. Recognizing a dire need to explore effective interventions for promoting career maturity, the study designed and demonstrated training among 76 Tenth-grade students from rural government schools. Qualitative questionnaires and focus group discussions elucidate the perceived impact of training on career maturity and identify the influence of career barriers and supports. Thematic and content analysis revealed an improved career outlook among participants by boosting career concern, curiosity, confidence, and control while alleviating career anxieties. Nevertheless, the findings uncovered persistent gender disparities. Exploration of models’ benefits and potential improvements informed the design of comprehensive training that facilitates early rural career development. The implications extend to policy, practice, and further research.
Published: 2024
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85. Optimizing performance through sustainability: the mediating influence of firm liquidity on ESG efficacy in African enterprises

Author: Suzan Dsouza, Mujtaba Momin, Houshang Habibniya, and Naliniprava Tripathy
Subjects: ESG, Africa, firm performance, liquidity, environmental disclosures, social, Business, HF5001-6182, Management. Industrial management, HD28-70
Abstract: This study employs a linear regression model to investigate the relationship between ESG performance, liquidity, and firm performance of African-listed firms covering a period from 2013 to 2022. The results indicate that liquidity is a significant mediating factor influencing the association between ESG performance on firm performance. Furthermore, the outcome suggests that augmenting the ESG performance of listed companies enhances firm performance. Robustness tests also corroborate the postulation that firms with higher liquidity improve ESG performance and enhance overall firm performance. This study offers important insights to corporate governors, listed firms, and investors.
Published: 2024
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86. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Feigin, Valery L, Abate, Melsew Dagne, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdoun, Meriem, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abhilash, E S, Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola, Abiodun, Olumide, Abo Kasem, Rahim, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afify, Abdelrahman Yousry, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akrami, Ashley E, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Qadire, Mohammad, Al Ta'ani, Omar, Al-Ajlouni, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldossary, Mohammed S, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Al-Fatly, Bassam, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji, Alharrasi, Maryam, Ali, Abid, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almahmeed, Wael, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Alonso, Jordi, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M Mohammad, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Alsabri, Mohammed A, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Altaany, Zaid, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B, Altwalbeh, Diala, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Wardat, Mohammad, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amani, Reza, Amegbor, Prince M, Amera, Tewodros Getnet, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Anil, Abhishek, Ansari, Mohammed Tahir Tahir, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Rockson, Anvari, Saeid, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Appiah, Francis, Aqeel, Muhammad, Arabloo, Jalal, Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aregu, Getnet 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Ibrahim, Qian, Gangzhen, Qiao, Yanan, Raggi, Alberto, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Raghuveer, Pracheth, Rahim, Fakher, Rahim, Md Jillur, Rahimifard, Mahban, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmati, Rahem, Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum, Raj, Gerard Marshall, Rajaa, Sathish, Rajendran, Vinoth, Rajpoot, Pushp Lata, Rajput, Prashant, Ram, Pradhum, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramadan, Majed, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramazanu, Sheena, Rana, Juwel, Rana, Kritika, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rancic, Nemanja, Rane, Amey, Ranta, Annemarei, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan, Rathish, Devarajan, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Rawaf, Salman, Razo, Christian, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Rehman, Inayat Ur, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rezazadeh, Hossein, Rhee, Taeho Gregory, Riaz, Mavra A, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Rodrigues, Monica, Rodrigues da Silva, Thales Philipe R, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Romadlon, Debby Syahru, Ross, Allen Guy, Rout, Himanshu Sekhar, Roy, Bedanta, Roy, Priyanka, Roy, Simanta, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Russo, Michele, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, S N, Chandan, Saad, Aly M A, Saber, Korosh, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabet, Cameron John, Sabour, Siamak, Sacco, Simona, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saghafi, Alireza, Sagoe, Dominic, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Pragyan Monalisa, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Salaroli, Luciane B, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salem, Mohammed Z Y, Salum, Giovanni A, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samargandy, Saad, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samuel, Vijaya Paul, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santos, Itamar S, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Saravanan, Aswini, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sattouf, Zafer, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Sayeed, Md Abu, Sayyah, Mehdi, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael, Schlaich, Markus P, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola, Schuermans, Art, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Sen, Parijat, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sergindo, Mihretu Tagesse, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahid, Samiah, Shahsavari, Hamid R, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, Anas, Shamsutdinova, Alfiya, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharath, Medha, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi, Azam, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Sharma, Anupam, Sharma, Manoj, Sharma, Sourabh, Sharma, Ujjawal, Sharma, Vishal, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shigematsu, Mika, Shimels, Tariku, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shittu, Aminu, Shitu, Abdul-karim Olayinka, Shiue, Ivy, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Shuval, Kerem, Si, Yafei, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sikdar, Mithun, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Baljinder, Singh, Garima, Singh, Harmanjit, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Kuldeep, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Puneetpal, Sipilä, Jussi O T, Sivakumar, Shravan, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sleet, David A, Sobia, Farrukh, Socea, Bogdan, Sohag, Abdullah Al Mamun, Solanki, Ranjan, Solanki, Shipra, Solomon, Yerukneh, Song, Yi, Soraneh, Soroush, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sotoudeh, Houman, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spartalis, Michael, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasamurthy, Suresh Kumar, Stachteas, Panagiotis, Stafford, Lauryn K, Stark, Benjamin A, Starodubova, Antonina V, Subedi, Narayan, Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan, Suleman, Muhammad, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Zhong, Sundström, Johan, Suresh, Vinay, Susanty, Sri, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabche, Celine, Tabish, Mohammad, Tadakamadla, Jyothi, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri, Amirmasoud, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tang, Haosu, Tanwar, Manoj, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tat, Nathan Y, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Teimoori, Mojtaba, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesfamariam, Wegen Beyene, Tesfaye Gta, Edosa Geta, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Joe, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny Kenny, Thrift, Amanda G, Tian, Jing, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiruneh, Chalachew, Tiwari, Krishna, Tiyuri, Amir, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Trabelsi, Khaled, Tran, Ngoc Ha, Tran, Thang Huu, Tran Minh Duc, Nguyen, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsai, Daniel Hsiang-Te, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Turuse, Ermias A A, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Sana, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Muhammad, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Urso, Daniele, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vacante, Marco, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Vakili, Omid, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varga, Orsolya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villani, Simona, Vinayak, Manish, Viskadourou, Maria, Volovat, Simona Ruxandra, Volovici, Victor, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wahood, Waseem, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wanjau, Mary Njeri, Waqas, Muhammad, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Wei, Zihan, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wijeratne, Tissa, Willeit, Peter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wong, Yen Jun, Wongsin, Utoomporn, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Felicia, Wu, YaJuan, Wu, Zenghong, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yano, Yuichiro, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yaribeygi, Habib, Yasufuku, Yuichi, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yazdanpanah, Mohammad Hosein, Ye, Pengpeng, Yesodharan, Renjulal, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yi, Xinglin, Yin, Dehui, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Elaine A, Yun, Ke, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zafari, Nima, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zanghì, Aurora, Zare, Iman, Zarimeidani, Fatemeh, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Michael, Zemedikun, Dawit, Zeng, Youjie, Zhang, Beijian, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Claire Chenwen, Zhou, Shang Cheng, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zoghi, Ghazal, Zyoud, Sa'ed H, Zyoud, Samer H, Johnson, Catherine O, Roth, Gregory A, Nair, Balakrishnan Sukumaran, Rautalin, Ilari, Bhati, Anjali, Bisignano, Catherine, Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2024
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87. Toward resilient development in rural area: some strategic recommendations based on contextual findings in Bhokardan Taluka, Jalna

Author: Dsouza, Marcella, Phadtare, Anuradha, Vyas, Swapnil S., Shinde, Yogesh, and Jadhav, Ajit
Published: 2024
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88. Effect of TiO2 filler on mechanical and tribological properties of Owen bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composite

Author: Prabhu, Ravikantha, Mendonca, Sharun, Bellairu, Pavana Kumara, DSouza, Rudolf Charles, and Bhat, Thirumaleshwara
Published: 2024
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89. Creating Knowledge Graphs for Geographic Data on the Web

Author: Demidova, Elena, Dsouza, Alishiba, Gottschalk, Simon, Tempelmeier, Nicolas, and Yu, Ran
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Databases, Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Abstract: Geographic data plays an essential role in various Web, Semantic Web and machine learning applications. OpenStreetMap and knowledge graphs are critical complementary sources of geographic data on the Web. However, data veracity, the lack of integration of geographic and semantic characteristics, and incomplete representations substantially limit the data utility. Verification, enrichment and semantic representation are essential for making geographic data accessible for the Semantic Web and machine learning. This article describes recent approaches we developed to tackle these challenges.
Published: 2023
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90. Impact of bortezomib-based versus lenalidomide maintenance therapy on outcomes of patients with high-risk multiple myeloma.

Author: Bumma, Naresh, Dhakal, Binod, Fraser, Raphael, Estrada-Merly, Noel, Anderson, Kenneth, Freytes, César, Hildebrandt, Gerhard, Holmberg, Leona, Krem, Maxwell, Lee, Cindy, Lekakis, Lazaros, Lazarus, Hillard, Mian, Hira, Murthy, Hemant, Nathan, Sunita, Nishihori, Taiga, Parrondo, Ricardo, Patel, Sagar, Solh, Melhem, Strouse, Christopher, Vesole, David, Kumar, Shaji, Qazilbash, Muzaffar, Shah, Nina, DSouza, Anita, and Sidana, Surbhi
Subjects: bortezomib, lenalidomide, maintenance therapy, multiple myeloma, stem cell transplant, Humans, Multiple Myeloma, Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, Prospective Studies, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Transplantation, Autologous, Dexamethasone
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) results in superior progression-free survival and overall survival. However, patients with high-risk multiple myeloma (HRMM) do not derive the same survival benefit from lenalidomide maintenance compared with standard-risk patients. The authors sought to determine the outcomes of bortezomib-based maintenance compared with lenalidomide maintenance in patients with HRMM undergoing ASCT. METHODS: In total, the authors identified 503 patients with HRMM who were undergoing ASCT within 12 months of diagnosis from January 2013 to December 2018 after receiving triplet novel-agent induction in the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database. HRMM was defined as deletion 17p, t(14;16), t(4;14), t(14;20), or chromosome 1q gain. RESULTS: Three hundred fifty-seven patients (67%) received lenalidomide alone, and 146 (33%) received bortezomib-based maintenance (with bortezomib alone in 58%). Patients in the bortezomib-based maintenance group were more likely to harbor two or more high-risk abnormalities and International Staging System stage III disease (30% vs. 22%; p = .01) compared with the lenalidomide group (24% vs. 15%; p
Published: 2023

91. Semaglutide and Tirzepatide for the Management of Weight Recurrence After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author: Jamal, Mohammad, Alhashemi, Mohsen, Dsouza, Carol, Al-hassani, Sara, Qasem, Wafa, Almazeedi, Sulaiman, and Al-Sabah, Salman
Published: 2024
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92. A Scoping Review on Malaria Prevention and Control Intervention in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States (FCAS): A Need for Renewed Focus to Enhance International Cooperation

Author: Pattanshetty, Sanjay, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Shekharappa, Anupama, Yagantigari, Maheswara, Raj, Rohit, Inamdar, Aniruddha, Alsamara, Issam, Rajvanshi, Harsh, and Brand, Helmut
Published: 2024
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93. Knowledge, perception, and risk scoring of diabetes among rural nondiabetics in southern coastal Karnataka, India

Author: Agnes Moira Preethi Dsouza, Sowmya Bhat, Nishanth Krishna Kodyalamoole, and Sucharitha Suresh
Subjects: coastal karnataka, diabetes, indian diabetic risk score, knowledge, nondiabetics, Nursing, RT1-120, Homeopathy, RX1-681
Abstract: Background: Diabetes is one of the top 10 contributors to death globally. It is affecting more and more younger populations due to lifestyle changes in India. Tools like the Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) help in screening high-risk individuals for diabetes. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment help in avoiding complications and disabilities due to diabetes. Hence, this study was conducted to calculate the risk of diabetes using IDRS and to determine the knowledge and risk perception of diabetes among the nondiabetics residing in the rural field practice area of a medical college. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of a medical college. A total of 885 people participated in our study. All nondiabetics above 18 years of age were involved. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the IDRS questionnaire was used to determine the risk of diabetes. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20th version. Results: Majority of the participants were between the age of 18 and 50 years. About 65.8% of the study population had medium risk according to IDRS. There was a significant relationship between gender, body mass index, and IDRS. A majority had good knowledge about diabetes. Only 31.5% knew that diabetes can cause complications in other organs of the body. Conclusion: Compared to prior research on rural Indians, this study’s population knew more about diabetes. To encourage people to adhere to their medication and treatment, further health education sessions should concentrate on minimizing the risk factors and complications of diabetes.
Published: 2024
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94. Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trialResearch in context

Author: O. Abani, A. Abbas, F. Abbas, J. Abbas, K. Abbas, M. Abbas, S. Abbasi, H. Abbass, A. Abbott, N. Abdallah, A. Abdelaziz, M. Abdelfattah, B. Abdelqader, A. Abdul, B. Abdul, S. Abdul, A. Abdul Rasheed, A. Abdulakeem, R. Abdul-Kadir, A. Abdullah, A. Abdulmumeen, R. Abdul-Raheem, N. Abdulshukkoor, K. Abdusamad, Y. Abed El Khaleq, M. Abedalla, A. Abeer Ul Amna, L. Abel, K. Abernethy, M. Abeywickrema, C. Abhinaya, A. Abidin, A. Aboaba, A. Aboagye-Odei, C. Aboah, H. Aboelela, H. Abo-Leyah, K. Abouelela, A. Abou-Haggar, M. Abouibrahim, A. Abousamra, M. Abouzaid, M. Abraham, T. Abraham, A. Abraheem, J. Abrams, R. Abrams, H.J. Abu, A. Abu-Arafeh, S.M. Abubacker, A. Abung, Y. Abusamra, Y. Aceampong, A. Achara, D. Acharya, F. Acheampong, P. Acheampong, S. Acheampong, J. Acheson, S. Achieng, A. Acosta, R. Acquah, C. Acton, J. Adabie-Ankrah, P. Adair, A.S. Adam, F. Adam, M. Adam, H. Adamali, M. Adamczyk, C. Adams, D. Adams, K. Adams, L. Adams, N. Adams, R. Adams, T. Adams, L. Adamu-Ikeme, K. Adatia, K. Adcock, L. Addai-Boampong, A. Addo, O. Adeagbo, A. Adebiyi, O. Adedeji, Y. Adegeye, K. Adegoke, V. Adell, S. Adenwalla, F.W. Adeoye, O.A. Adesemoye, E.O. Adewunmi, A. Adeyanju, J. Adeyemi, T. Adeyemo, B. Adhikari, S.A. Adhikari, R. Adhikary, A. Aditya, P. Adjepong, G. Adkins, A. Adnan, M. Adriaanse, J. Aeron-Thomas, D. Affleck, C. Afnan, M. Afridi, P. Afrim, F.A. Afriyie, Z.A. Aftab, A. Afum-Adjei Awuah, M. Agarwal, P.N. Agasiya, R. Agbeko, C. Agbo, S. Aggarwal, A. Aghababaie, L. Aguilar Jimenez, J.A. Agyekum, K. Agyen, E.K. Ahadome, S. Ahamed Sadiq, M.H. Ahammed Nazeer, M. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, B.A.R. Ahmed, B. Ahmed, F. Ahmed, H. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, K. Ahmed, L. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, M.C. Ahmed, M.S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed, O. Ahmed, R.A. Ahmed, R. Ahmed, S. Ahmed, S.G. Ahmed, S.H. Ahmed, R. Ahmed Ali, B. Ahmed Mohamud, S. Ahmer, A. Ahonia, C. Aidoo, C. Aiken, D. Ail, M. Ainsworth, M. Aissa, L. Aitken, B. Ajay, A. Ajibode, A. Ajmi, N. Akhtar, S. Akili, B. Akinbiyi, O. Akindolie, Y. Akinfenwa, O. Akinkugbe, I. Akinpelu, M. Akram, O. Aktinade, U. Akudi, A.S.A.R. Al Aaraj, A. Al Balushi, M. Al Dakhola, A. Al Swaifi, E. Al-Abadi, A. Alabi, N. Aladangady, M. Alafifi, A. Alam, S. Alam, A. Al-Asadi, K. Alatzoglou, P. Albert, A. Albertus, L. Albon, A. Alcala, G. Alcorn, S. Alcorn, A. Aldana, D. Alderdice, A. Aldesouki, R. Aldouri, J. Aldridge, N. Aldridge, R. Ale, R.M. Ale, A. Alegria, A. Alexander, C. Alexander, J. Alexander, P.D.G. Alexander, J. Al-fori, L. Alghazawi, O. Alhabsha, B. Al-Hakim, R. Alhameed, M. Al-Hayali, S. Al-Hity, A. Ali, F.R. Ali, J. Ali, M. Ali, M.S. Ali, N. Ali, O. Ali, R. Ali, S. Ali, E. Aliberti, J. Alin, A. Alina, A. Alipustain, B. Alisjahbana, F. Aliyuda, K. Alizadeh, M. Al-Jibury, S. Al-Juboori, M. Al-Khalil, A. Alkhudhayri, M. Alkhusheh, F. Allan, N. Allan, A. Allanson, R. Allcock, E. Allen, J. Allen, K. Allen, L. Allen, P. Allen, R. Allen, S. Allen, T. Allen, A. Alli, K. Allison, B. Allman, H.K. Allsop, L. Allsop, D. Allsup, A.F.T. 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Tyler, J. Tyler, A. Tyzack, P. Tzavaras, I. Tzinieris, A.W. Uddin, M.S. Uddin, R. Uddin, J. Ugoji, E. Ukaegbu, M. Ul Haq, W. Ul Hassan, Z. Ul-Haq, S. Ullah, J. Um, A. Umaipalan, A. Umate, J. Umeadi, A. Umeh, W. Umeojiako, B. Ummat, E. Underhill, C. Underwood, J. Underwood, A. Unsworth, V. Uppal, V.S. Uppal, G. Upson, M. Ur Rasool, A. Uriel, S. Urruela, H. Uru, J. Usher, M. Usher, R. Usher, A. Usher-Rea, A. Ustianowski, E. Usuf, F. Utomo, H. Uzu, L.C. Vaccari, U. Vaghela, A. Vaidya, D. Vail, B. Valecka, J. Valentine, B. Valeria, P. Vallabhaneni, T. Valleri, N. Vallotton, L. Vamplew, E. Vamvakiti, J. Vamvakopoulos, C.T.C. Van, S. Van Blydenstein, L. van Bruggen, M. van de Venne, A. van der Meer, N. van der Stelt, R. Van Doorn, L. van Koutrik, A. Van Loggerenberg, J. Vance-Daniel, R. Vancheeswaran, S.I. Vandeyoon, P. Vankayalapati, P. Vanmali, C. Vansomeren, W. Van't Hoff, S. Vara, S.J. Vardy, A. Varghese, M. Varghese, W. Varney, G. Varnier, A.-N. Varouxaki, R. Varquez, V. Vasadi, O. Vass, K. Vassell, V. Vasu, V. Vasudevan, M. Vatish, S. Vaughan, H. Vayalaman, D. Vayapooree, C. Vaz, N. Veale, S. Veerasamy, S. Velankar, L. Velauthar, N. Veli, N. Vella, A. Velugupati, A. Velusamy, I. Venables, M. Venditti, R. Venkataramakrishnan, R. Venn, M. Venter, L. Ventilacion, J. Vere, M. Veres, S. Vergnano, W. Verling, A. Verma, R. Vernall, B. Vernon, M. Vertue, L. Verueco, J. Verula, A. Veterini, N. Vethanayagam, S. Vettikumaran, L. Veys, C. Vickers, S. Victor, S. Victoria, C. Vidaillic, C.P. Vidaillac, J. Vidler, B. Vijayakumar, V.W. Vijayaraghavan Nalini, B. Vilcinskaite, A. Vileito, N. Vilimiene, L. Vinall, S. Vinay, L. Vinayakarao, O. Vincent, R. Vincent, N.Q. Vinh, P. Virdee, E. Virgilio, A.M. Virk, E. Visentin, M. Vitaglione, K. Vithian, S. Vittoria, S. Vivekananthan, E. Vlad, B. Vlies, L. von Oven, C. Vooght, K.T. Vu Thai, K. Vutipongsatorn, A. Vuylsteke, E. Vyras, R. Wach, B. Wadams, S. Wadd, N. Waddington, P. Wade, J. Wadsley, K. Wadsworth, S.E.I. Wafa, D. Wagstaff, L. Wagstaff, D. Wahab, Z. Wahbi, A. Waheed Adigun, S. Waidyanatha, A. Waite, R. Wake, A. Wakefield, W. Wakeford, F. Wakinshaw, E. Waldeck, A. Walden, L. Walding, A. Waldron, J. Waldron, E. Wales, B. Wali, D. Walker, G. Walker, H. Walker, I. Walker, K. Walker, L. Walker, O. Walker, R. Walker, S. Walker, G. Wallace, R. Wallbutton, J. Wallen, K. Wallendszus, A. Waller, R. Waller, G. Wallis, L. Wallis, M. Wallis, E. Walmsley, D. Walsh, E. Walsh, L. Walsh, D. Walstow, D. Walter, A. Walters, H. Walters, J. Walters, E. Walton, L. Walton, M. Walton, O. Walton, S. Walton, M. Wan, J. Wanda, M. Wands, R. Wane, F. Wang, N. Wang, R. Wang, S. Wang, D. Warbrick, S. Warburton, C. Ward, D. Ward, E. Ward, H. Ward, J. Ward, L. Ward, N. Ward, R. Ward, T. Ward, S.A. Warden, G. Wardere, S. Wardle, H. Wardy, G. Waring, S. Waring, J. Warmington, B. Warner, C. Warner, L. Warnock, S. Warran, J. Warren, L. Warren, R. Warren, Y. Warren, D. Warrender, H. Warren-Miell, A. Warris, G. Warwick, H. Wassall, S. Wasserman, E. Wasson, H.J. Watchorn, H. Waterfall, A. Waters, D. Waters, M. Waterstone, A. Watkin, C. Watkins, E. Watkins, K. Watkins, L. Watkins, A. Watson, A.J.R. Watson, E. Watson, F. Watson, J.G.R. Watson, L. Watson, P. Watson, R. Watson, K. Watson, M. Watters, D. Watterson, K. Wattimena, D. Watts, J. Watts, M. Watts, V. Waugh, E. Wayman, M. Wayman, A. Wazir, M. Weatherhead, N. Weatherly, C. Webb, H. Webb, K. Webb, S. Webb, C. Websdale, D. Webster, I. Webster, J. Webster, T. Webster, J. Wedlin, L. Wee, R. Weerakoon, T. Weerasinghe, J. Weeratunga, M. Weetman, S. Wei, I. Weichert, E. Welch, H. Welch, J. Welch, L. Welch, S. Welch, B. Welham, S. Weller, L. Wellings, B. Wells, S. Wellstead, B. Welsh, R. Welsh, I. Welters, R. Welton, V. Wenn, L. Wentworth, J. Wesonga, K. Wesseldine, J. West, M. West, R. West, S. West, L. Western, R. Westhead, H. Weston, A. Westwood, K. Westwood, S. Westwood, B. Wetherill, S. Wheaver, H. Wheeler, B. Whelan, M. Whelband, A. Whileman, A. Whitcher, A. White, B. White, C. White, D. White, J. White, K. White, M. White, N. White, S. White, T. White, C. Whitehead, K. Whitehorn, A. Whitehouse, C. Whitehouse, T. Whitehouse, J. Whiteley, L. Whiteley, S. Whiteley, R. Whitham, G. Whitlingum, D. Whitmore, E. Whittaker, L. Whittam, A. Whittington, H. Whittle, R. Whittle, E. Wiafe, L. Wiblin, O. Wickens, J. Widdrington, J. Wieboldt, H. Wieringa, C. Wiesender, L. Wiffen, A. Wight, A. Wignall, C. Wignall, A. Wilce, D. Wilcock, E. Wilcock, L. Wilcox, B. Wild, L. Wild, S. Wild, M. Wilde, L. Wilding, P. Wilding, T. Wildsmith, J. Wileman, J. Wiles, K. Wiles, E. Wilhelmsen, T. Wiliams, J. Wilkie, D. Wilkin, H. Wilkins, J. Wilkins, S. Wilkins, I. Wilkinson, L. Wilkinson, N. Wilkinson, S. Wilkinson, T. Wilkinson, S. Willetts, A. Williams, C. Williams, C.V. Williams, D. Williams, E. Williams, G. Williams, H. Williams, J. Williams, K. Williams, M. Williams, P. Williams, R. Williams, S. Williams, T. Williams, A. Williamson, C. Williamson, D. Williamson, J. Williamson, J.D. Williamson, R. Williamson, H. Williamson, E. Willis, H. Willis, J. Willis, L. Wills, L. Willsher, C. Willshire, F. Willson, J. Willson, A. Wilson, B. Wilson, D. Wilson, I. Wilson, J. Wilson, K. Wilson, K.-A. Wilson, L. Wilson, M. Wilson, S. Wilson, T. Wilson, K.L.Y. Win, M. Win, T. Win, T.T. Win, W.Y.W. Win, L. Winckworth, L. Winder, P. Winder, S. Winearl, H. Winmill, S. Winn, C. Winpenny, H. Winslow, H. Winter, J. Winter, B. Winter-Goodwin, J. Winterton, H. Winwood, J. Wischhusen, S. Wisdom, M. Wise, M. Wiselka, R. Wiseman, S. Wiseman, S. Wishart, T. WIshlade, E. Witele, N. Withers, J. Wittes, D. Wixted, T. Wodehouse, W. Wolf, N. Wolff, K. Wolffsohn, R. Wolf-Roberts, E. Wolodimeroff, A. Wolstencroft, A. Wong, C. Wong, C.-H. Wong, C.-M. Wong, E. Wong, J.S.Y. Wong, K.Y. Wong, M.Y. Wong, N. Wong, S. Wong, T. Wong, A.A. Wongkyezeng, A. Wood, C. Wood, D. Wood, F. Wood, G. Wood, H. Wood, J. Wood, L. Wood, M. Wood, S. Wood, T. Wood, K. Woodall, R. Woodfield, C. Woodford, E. Woodford, J. Woodford, L. Woodhead, T. Woodhead, P. Woodland, M. Woodman, S. Woodmansey, C. Woods, J. Woods, K. Woods, S. Woods, Z. Woodward, M. Woolcock, G. Wooldridge, R. Woolf, C. Woollard, L. Woollen, E. Woolley, J. Woolley, D. Woosey, D. Wootton, J. Wootton, D. Worley, S. Worton, J. Wraight, M. Wray, K. Wren, L. Wren, C. Wrey Brown, C. Wright, D. Wright, F. Wright, H. Wright, I. Wright, L. Wright, R. Wright, S. Wright, T. Wright, C. Wroe, H. Wroe, H. Wu, P. Wu, J. Wubetu, F. Wulandari, R. Wulandari, S. Wurie, C. Wyatt, F. Wyn-Griffiths, I. Wynter, B. Xavier, A. Xhikola, B.E. Xia, Z. Xia, E. Yacoba, S. Yadav, M. Yakubi, M. Yan, Y. Yanagisawa, F. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Yanney, W.L. Yap, N. Yaqoob, S. Yasmin, B. Yates, D. Yates, E. Yates, H. Yates, T. Yates, M. Yates, J. Ye, C. Yearwood Martin, K. Yein, F. Yelnoorkar, L. Yen, L.M. Yen, A. Yeoh, C.Y. Yeung, P. Yew, D. Yewatkar, L. Ylquimiche Melly, I. Ynter, H. Yong, J. Yorke, J. Youens, A. Younes Ibrahim, E. Young, G. Young, L. Young, A. Yousafzar, S. Youssouf, A. Yousuf, H. Yovita, C. Yu, J.S.J. Yuan, N. Yufaniaputri, B. Yung, D. Yusef, S. Yusef, I. Yusuf, A.-S. Zafar, S. Zagalo, S. Zaher, A. Zahoor, M. Zainab, T. Zak, K. Zaki, N. Zakir, K. Zalewska, A. Zamalloa, M. Zaman, S. Zaman, J. Zamikula, L. Zammit, M. Zammit-Mangion, M. Zawadzka, M. Zayed, E. Zebracki, D. Zehnder, L. Zeidan, D. Zeinali, J. Zhang, X. Zhao, D. Zheng, D. Zhu, M. Zia, O. Zibdeh, R. Zill-E-Huma, E.T. Zin, E. Zincone, G. Zindoga, E. Zinkin, V. Zinyemba, C. Zipitis, L. Zitter, A. Zmierczak, G. Zubikarai, A. Zubir, N. Zuhra, R. Zulaikha, S. Zulfikar, C. Zullo, and A. Zuriaga-Alvaro
Subjects: COVID-19, Corticosteroid, Dexamethasone, Mortality, Clinical trial, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Low dose corticosteroids (e.g., 6 mg dexamethasone) have been shown to reduce mortality for hypoxic COVID-19 patients. We have previously reported that higher dose corticosteroids cause harm in patients with clinical hypoxia but not receiving ventilatory support (the combination of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, including high-flow nasal oxygen, continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation), but the balance of efficacy and safety in patients receiving ventilatory support is uncertain. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) assessed multiple possible treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19. Eligible and consenting adult patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual care with higher dose corticosteroids (dexamethasone 20 mg once daily for 5 days followed by 10 mg once daily for 5 days or until discharge if sooner) or usual standard of care alone (which includes dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for 10 days or until discharge if sooner). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality; secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalisation and (among participants not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline) the composite of invasive mechanical ventilation or death. Recruitment closed on 31 March 2024 when funding for the trial ended. The RECOVERY trial is registered with ISRCTN (50189673) and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04381936). Findings: Between 25 May 2021 and 9 January 2024, 477 COVID-19 patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus higher dose corticosteroids vs. usual care alone (of whom 99% received corticosteroids during the follow-up period). Of those randomised, 221 (46%) were in Asia, 245 (51%) in the UK and 11 (2%) in Africa. 143 (30%) had diabetes mellitus. Overall, 86 (35%) of 246 patients allocated to higher dose corticosteroids vs. 86 (37%) of 231 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio [RR] 0.87; 95% CI 0.64–1.18; p = 0.37). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (128 [52%] in the higher dose corticosteroids group vs. 120 [52%] in the usual care group; RR 1.04, 0.81–1.33]; p = 0.78). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no clear reduction in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (76 [37%] of 206 vs. 93 [45%] of 205; RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.63–1.00]; p = 0.05). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised for COVID-19 receiving ventilatory support, we found no evidence that higher dose corticosteroids reduced the risk of death compared to usual care, which included low dose corticosteroids. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute for Health Research (Grant ref: MC_PC_19056), and Wellcome Trust (Grant Ref: 222406/Z/20/Z).
Published: 2025
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95. In depth profiling of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency in primary patients fibroblasts reveals metabolic reprogramming secondary to mitochondrial dysfunction

Author: Uri Sprecher, Jeevitha Dsouza, Monzer Marisat, Dinorah Barasch, Kumudesh Mishra, Or Kakhlon, Ph.D., Joshua Manor, MD.Ph.D., Yair Anikster, MD. Ph.D., and Miguel Weil, Ph.D.
Subjects: Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency, Metabolic disorder, Patient study, Primary skin fibroblasts, Mitochondrial activity, Image based high content analysis, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a functional disruption in several critical mitochondrial enzyme complexes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Despite DLD's pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism, detailed molecular and metabolic consequences of DLD deficiency (DLDD) remain poorly understood. This study represents the first in-depth multi-omics analysis, specifically metabolomic and transcriptomic, of fibroblasts derived from a DLD-deficient patient compound heterozygous for a common Ashkenazi Jewish variant (c.685G > T) and a novel North African variant (c.158G > A). The investigation reveals significant metabolic disruptions that distinguish the cellular phenotype of DLDD from other metabolic disorders and healthy controls. Employing a range of cellular and molecular techniques, including live-cell imaging, mitochondrial activity assays, immunofluorescence, transcriptomics and metabolomic analysis, we compared DLDD fibroblasts with fibroblasts from glycogen storage disease type 1 A (GSD1a) patients and healthy controls (HC) subjects. Our metabolomics analysis identified significant alterations in mitochondrial metabolism, particularly reduced glycine cleavage, altered one carbon metabolism and serine catabolism. Transcriptome profiling highlighted dysregulation in genes associated with metabolic stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings highlight reduced mitochondrial activity and respiratory capacity in DLDD fibroblasts, similar to observations in GSD1a fibroblasts. This multi-omics approach not only advances our understanding of the pathophysiology of DLDD, but also illustrates the potential for developing targeted diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.
Published: 2025
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96. EMReact: A Tool for Modelling Electromagnetic Field Induced Effects in Chemical Reactions by Solving the Discrete Stochastic Master Equation

Author: Dsouza, Kelvin and Vashaee, Daryoosh
Subjects: Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract: The effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been widely debated concerning their role in chemical reactions. Reactions usually took hours or days to complete, and have been shown to happen a thousand times faster using EMF radiations. This work develops a formalism and a computer program to evaluate and quantify the EMF effects in chemical reactions. The master equation employed in this program solves the internal energy of the reaction under EMFs while including collisional effects. Multiphoton absorption and emission are made possible with the transitioning energy close to the EMF and are influenced by the dielectric properties of the system. Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Benzyl Chloride are simulated under different EMF intensities. The results show that EMF absorption is closely related to the collisional redistribution of energy in molecules. The EMF effect can be interpreted as a shift of the thermodynamic equilibrium. Under such nonequilibrium energy distribution, the "temperature" is not a reliable quantity for defining the state of the system.
Published: 2022
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97. Outcomes associated with isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis prevention among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients attending antiretroviral therapy clinics in Mangalore [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

Author: Steffi Coelho, Vaishnavi Satish, Adail Lorainne Dsouza, Basavaprabhu Achappa, Nikhil Victor Dsouza, Ramesh Holla, Himani Kotian, and Pavan M R
Subjects: Research Article, Articles, HIV, AIDS, TB, PLHIV, IPT, ART
Abstract: Background The World Health Organization recommends that Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) should be administered to all People living with Human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) not currently suffering from tuberculosis (TB) to reduce the incidence of the same. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of PLHIV who contracted TB after receiving 6 months of IPT (followed up for ≥ 2 years), the incidence of PLHIV who developed tuberculosis when not on IPT, and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions due to IPT. Methods A Retrospective Cohort study was conducted in two ART centers in Mangalore, which included PLHIV who had completed 6 months of IPT from January 2017 to May 2018 and were followed up until May 2020; patients in the comparison group consisted of those attending ART centers during the same period who did not receive IPT. These data were retrieved from the case files of these patients from June to November 2020, entered into MS Excel, and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25. Results The study included 1014 patients: 525 (51.8%) received IPT and 489 (48.2%) did not. Eight (1.5%) patients developed TB after IPT completion compared to 32 (6.5%) patients who developed TB from the non-IPT group. There was a 77% reduction in the incidence of developing TB in those patients who received IPT as compared to those who haven’t receive IPT (RR of 0.23, p value Conclusions This study indicated that the completion of IPT significantly reduced the TB burden, showing significant protection against TB for a minimum duration of 2 years. Thus, implementation of IPT should be strengthened, and strict compliance should be ensured to reduce TB infection among PLHIV.
Published: 2024
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98. Addressing Vulnerabilities in the Supply Chain of Critical Minerals

Author: Tyagi, Akanksha, Warrior, Dhruv, Ganesan, Karthik, Jain, Rishabh, Chandhok, Vibhuti, Dasgupta, Amrita, Dsouza, Swati, Kim, Tae-Yoon, Ramji, Aditya, Krishnan, Deepak, Gupta, Geetika, Tagotra, Niharika, Kumar, Parveen, and Mandal, Tirthankar
Abstract: The global move towards achieving net zero emissions will increase demand for low-carbon and clean technologies such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaics, electric vehicles and energy storage. However, the production of these technologies depends heavily on a few geographically concentrated minerals with limited availability. This report highlights the vulnerabilities in the supply chain of seven minerals: lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, graphite and rare earths. It examines mineral criticality assessment frameworks and the global concentration of reserves and mineral processing facilities. The report also explores technologies that could reduce global dependence on these critical minerals. Further, it recommends specific actions to improve supply and reduce demand, tracking the critical mineral value chain and co-development of technologies to explore, mine and process minerals. It also talks about the need to develop mineral stockpiles. The report also emphasises circularity and scaling up alternative technologies to reduce mineral demand.The report has been commissioned by the Ministry of Mines, Government of India to inform the G20 Energy Transition Working Group (ETWG) negotiations. Key Findings-Most critical minerals are geographically concentrated in their resources, reserves and production-Just 15 countries possess between 55 to 90 per cent of global reserves of critical minerals for low-carbon technologies. The same 15 countries also produced 70 to 95 per cent of these minerals in 2022.-Mine production is already more than 2 per cent of global reserves for manganese, copper, nickel and cobalt.-Mine production of lithium and rare earths has more than doubled between 2016 and 2022.-The analysis shows that the focus on clean technologies (solar, wind, batteries for electric vehicles and grid storage, and grid infrastructure) will account for majority of the lithium demand (80–91 per cent) by 2050. Nickel demand from clean technologies is estimated to be between 34-55 per cent of the total demand by 2050, while copper demand is estimated to range between 29 and 43 per cent by 2050. Cobalt demand from the clean energy sector is expected to cross 55 per cent of the total demand in 2050.-Co-developing the mineral exploration, mining, and processing technologies will ensure the production of minerals scales globally.-The demand for new minerals can reduce significantly by scaling up the circular economy
Published: 2023

99. Assessment and Prediction of Cardiovascular Contributions to Severe Maternal Morbidity.

Author: Thakkar, Aarti, Hameed, Afshan, Makshood, Minhal, Gudenkauf, Brent, Creanga, Andreea, Malhamé, Isabelle, Grandi, Sonia, Thorne, Sara, DSouza, Rohan, and Sharma, Garima
Subjects: cardio-obstetrics, cardiovascular disease, severe maternal morbidity
Abstract: Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) refers to any unexpected outcome directly related to pregnancy and childbirth that results in both short-term delivery complications and long-term consequences to a womens health. This affects about 60,000 women annually in the United States. Cardiovascular contributions to SMM including cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, and acute myocardial infarction are on the rise, probably driven by changing demographics of the pregnant population including more women of extreme maternal age and an increased prevalence of cardiometabolic and structural heart disease. The utilization of SMM prediction tools and risk scores specific to cardiovascular disease in pregnancy has helped with risk stratification. Furthermore, health system data monitoring and reporting to identify and assess etiologies of cardiovascular complications has led to improvement in outcomes and greater standardization of care for mothers with cardiovascular disease. Improving cardiovascular disease-related SMM relies on a multipronged approach comprised of patient-level identification of risk factors, individualized review of SMM cases, and validation of risk stratification tools and system-wide improvements in quality of care. In this article, we review the epidemiology and cardiac causes of SMM, we provide a framework of risk prediction clinical tools, and we highlight need for organization of care to improve outcomes.
Published: 2023

100. Structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of nano-scaled g-C3N4 materials

Author: Shibu, Arkaja, Dsouza, Anusha, Akkera, Harish Sharma, Giresha, A. S., and Kambhala, Nagaiah
Published: 2024
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