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58. Comparison of nomogram with random survival forest for prediction of survival in patients with spindle cell carcinoma

Author

Zhang, Xiaoshuai, Liang, Jing, Du, Zhaohui, Xie, Qi, Li, Ting, and Tang, Fang

Subjects
Nomography (Mathematics) -- Methods, Sarcoma -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Prognosis, Epidemiology -- Methods, Health
Abstract

Byline: Xiaoshuai. Zhang, Jing. Liang, Zhaohui. Du, Qi. Xie, Ting. Li, Fang. Tang Purpose: Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is a relatively rare tumor with an unfavorable prognosis. This study aimed [...]

Published
2022

60. An Adaptive Multi-D-Norm-Driven Sparse Unfolding Deconvolutional Network for Bearing Fault Diagnosis.

Author

Lin, Jianbo, Zhang, Han, Li, Yunfei, and Du, Zhaohui

Subjects
FAULT diagnosis, TRANSFER functions, DECONVOLUTION (Mathematics), PRIOR learning, COMPUTER simulation
Abstract

Impulsive blind deconvolution (IBD) is a popular method to recover impulsive sources for bearing fault diagnosis. Its underpinnings are in the design of objective functions based on prior knowledge of impulsive sources and a transfer function to describe transmission path influences. However, popular objective functions cannot retain waveform impulsiveness and periodicity cyclostationarity simultaneously, and the single convolution operation of IBD methods is insufficient to describe transmission paths composed of multiple linear and nonlinear units. Inspired by the MaxPooling period modulation intensity (MPMI) and convolutional sparse learning (CSL), an adaptive multi-D-norm-driven sparse unfolding deconvolution network (AMD-SUDN) is proposed in this paper. The core strategy is that one target vector with simultaneous impulsiveness and cyclostationarity is constructed automatically through the MPMI; then, this vector is substituted into the multi D-norm to design objective functions. Moreover, an iterative soft threshold algorithm (ISTA) for the CSL model is derived, and its iterative steps are unfolded into one deconvolution network. The algorithm's performance and the hyperparameter configuration are investigated by a set of numerical simulations. Finally, the proposed AMD-SUDN is applied to detect the impulsive features of bearing faults. All comparative results verify that the proposed AMD-SUDN achieves a better deconvolution accuracy than state-of-the-art IBD methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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74. Ancestral diversity in lipoprotein(a) studies helps address evidence gaps

Author

Lee, Moa P, primary, Dimos, Sofia F, additional, Raffield, Laura M, additional, Wang, Zhe, additional, Ballou, Anna F, additional, Downie, Carolina G, additional, Arehart, Christopher H, additional, Correa, Adolfo, additional, de Vries, Paul S, additional, Du, Zhaohui, additional, Gignoux, Christopher R, additional, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, additional, Guo, Xiuqing, additional, Haessler, Jeffrey, additional, Howard, Annie Green, additional, Hu, Yao, additional, Kassahun, Helina, additional, Kent, Shia T, additional, Lopez, J Antonio G, additional, Monda, Keri L, additional, North, Kari E, additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Preuss, Michael H, additional, Rich, Stephen S, additional, Rhodes, Shannon L, additional, Yao, Jie, additional, Yarosh, Rina, additional, Tsai, Michael Y, additional, Rotter, Jerome I, additional, Kooperberg, Charles L, additional, Loos, Ruth J F, additional, Ballantyne, Christie, additional, Avery, Christy L, additional, and Graff, Mariaelisa, additional

Published
2023
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79. XueBiJing Injection Versus Placebo for Critically Ill Patients With Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Song, Yuanlin, Yao, Chen, Yao, Yongming, Han, Hui, Zhao, Xiaodong, Yu, Kaijiang, Liu, Luyi, Xu, Ying, Liu, Zhongmin, Zhou, Qingshan, Wang, Ying, Ma, Zhuang, Zheng, Youguang, Wu, Dawei, Tang, Zhongzhi, Zhang, Minzhou, Pan, Shuming, Chai, Yanfen, Song, Yan, Zhang, Jian, Pan, Lei, Liu, Yi, Yu, He, Yu, Xuezhong, Zhang, Hong, Wang, Xiaoge, Du, Zhaohui, Wan, Xianyao, Tang, Yijun, Tian, Yingping, Zhu, Yimin, Wang, Hongliang, Yan, Xiaoyan, Liu, Zhi, Zhang, Boli, Zhong, Nanshan, Shang, Hongcai, and Bai, Chunxue

Published
2019
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80. Ancestral diversity in lipoprotein(a) studies helps address evidence gaps

Author

Lee, Moa P., Dimos, Sofia F., Raffield, Laura M., Wang, Zhe, Ballou, Anna F., Downie, Carolina G., Arehart, Christopher H., Correa, Adolfo, De Vries, Paul S., Du, Zhaohui, Gignoux, Christopher R., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Guo, Xiuqing, Haessler, Jeffrey, Howard, Annie Green, Hu, Yao, Kassahun, Helina, Kent, Shia T., Lopez, J. Antonio G., Monda, Keri L., North, Kari E., Peters, Ulrike, Preuss, Michael H., Rich, Stephen S., Rhodes, Shannon L., Yao, Jie, Yarosh, Rina, Tsai, Michael Y., Rotter, Jerome I., Kooperberg, Charles L., Loos, Ruth J.F., Ballantyne, Christie, Avery, Christy L., Graff, Mariaelisa, Lee, Moa P., Dimos, Sofia F., Raffield, Laura M., Wang, Zhe, Ballou, Anna F., Downie, Carolina G., Arehart, Christopher H., Correa, Adolfo, De Vries, Paul S., Du, Zhaohui, Gignoux, Christopher R., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Guo, Xiuqing, Haessler, Jeffrey, Howard, Annie Green, Hu, Yao, Kassahun, Helina, Kent, Shia T., Lopez, J. Antonio G., Monda, Keri L., North, Kari E., Peters, Ulrike, Preuss, Michael H., Rich, Stephen S., Rhodes, Shannon L., Yao, Jie, Yarosh, Rina, Tsai, Michael Y., Rotter, Jerome I., Kooperberg, Charles L., Loos, Ruth J.F., Ballantyne, Christie, Avery, Christy L., and Graff, Mariaelisa

Abstract

Introduction The independent and causal cardiovascular disease risk factor lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is elevated in >1.5 billion individuals worldwide, but studies have prioritised European populations. Methods Here, we examined how ancestrally diverse studies could clarify Lp(a)’s genetic architecture, inform efforts examining application of Lp(a) polygenic risk scores (PRS), enable causal inference and identify unexpected Lp(a) phenotypic effects using data from African (n=25 208), East Asian (n=2895), European (n=362 558), South Asian (n=8192) and Hispanic/Latino (n=8946) populations. Results Fourteen genome-wide significant loci with numerous population specific signals of large effect were identified that enabled construction of Lp(a) PRS of moderate (R2=15% in East Asians) to high (R2=50% in Europeans) accuracy. For all populations, PRS showed promise as a ‘rule out’ for elevated Lp(a) because certainty of assignment to the low-risk threshold was high (88.0%– 99.9%) across PRS thresholds (80th–99th percentile). Causal effects of increased Lp(a) with increased glycated haemoglobin were estimated for Europeans (p value =1.4×10−6), although inverse effects in Africans and East Asians suggested the potential for heterogeneous causal effects. Finally, Hispanic/Latinos were the only population in which known associations with coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease were identified in external testing of Lp(a) PRS phenotypic effects. Conclusions Our results emphasise the merits of prioritising ancestral diversity when addressing Lp(a) evidence gaps., Introduction The independent and causal cardiovascular disease risk factor lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is elevated in >1.5 billion individuals worldwide, but studies have prioritised European populations. Methods Here, we examined how ancestrally diverse studies could clarify Lp(a)'s genetic architecture, inform efforts examining application of Lp(a) polygenic risk scores (PRS), enable causal inference and identify unexpected Lp(a) phenotypic effects using data from African (n=25 208), East Asian (n=2895), European (n=362 558), South Asian (n=8192) and Hispanic/Latino (n=8946) populations. Results Fourteen genome-wide significant loci with numerous population specific signals of large effect were identified that enabled construction of Lp(a) PRS of moderate (R 2 =15% in East Asians) to high (R 2 =50% in Europeans) accuracy. For all populations, PRS showed promise as a 'rule out' for elevated Lp(a) because certainty of assignment to the low-risk threshold was high (88.0%-99.9%) across PRS thresholds (80th-99th percentile). Causal effects of increased Lp(a) with increased glycated haemoglobin were estimated for Europeans (p value =1.4×10 -6), although inverse effects in Africans and East Asians suggested the potential for heterogeneous causal effects. Finally, Hispanic/Latinos were the only population in which known associations with coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease were identified in external testing of Lp(a) PRS phenotypic effects. Conclusions Our results emphasise the merits of prioritising ancestral diversity when addressing Lp(a) evidence gaps.

Published
2023

83. Polygenic risk scores for prediction of breast cancer risk in women of African ancestry: a cross-ancestry approach

Author

Gao, Guimin, Zhao, Fangyuan, Ahearn, Thomas U, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Troester, Melissa A, Du, Zhaohui, Ogundiran, Temidayo O, Ojengbede, Oladosu, Blot, William, Nathanson, Katherine L, Domchek, Susan M, Nemesure, Barbara, Hennis, Anselm, Ambs, Stefan, McClellan, Julian, Nie, Mark, Bertrand, Kimberly, Zirpoli, Gary, Yao, Song, Olshan, Andrew F, Bensen, Jeannette T, Bandera, Elisa V, Nyante, Sarah, Conti, David V, Press, Michael F, Ingles, Sue A, John, Esther M, Bernstein, Leslie, Hu, Jennifer J, Deming-Halverson, Sandra L, Chanock, Stephen J, Ziegler, Regina G, Rodriguez-Gil, Jorge L, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara E, Sandler, Dale P, Taylor, Jack A, Kitahara, Cari M, O’Brien, Katie M, Bolla, Manjeet K, Dennis, Joe, Dunning, Alison M, Easton, Douglas F, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Pharoah, Paul D P, Wang, Qin, Figueroa, Jonine, Biritwum, Richard, Adjei, Ernest, Wiafe, Seth, Ambrosone, Christine B, Zheng, Wei, Olopade, Olufunmilayo I, García-Closas, Montserrat, Palmer, Julie R, Haiman, Christopher A, and Huo, Dezheng

Subjects
Multifactorial Inheritance, Receptors, Estrogen/genetics, Breast Neoplasms, General Medicine, Breast Neoplasms/genetics, Receptors, Estrogen, Risk Factors, Genetics, Humans, Original Article, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are useful for predicting breast cancer risk, but the prediction accuracy of existing PRSs in women of African ancestry (AA) remains relatively low. We aim to develop optimal PRSs for the prediction of overall and estrogen receptor (ER) subtype-specific breast cancer risk in AA women. The AA dataset comprised 9235 cases and 10 184 controls from four genome-wide association study (GWAS) consortia and a GWAS study in Ghana. We randomly divided samples into training and validation sets. We built PRSs using individual-level AA data by a forward stepwise logistic regression and then developed joint PRSs that combined (1) the PRSs built in the AA training dataset and (2) a 313-variant PRS previously developed in women of European ancestry. PRSs were evaluated in the AA validation set. For overall breast cancer, the odds ratio per standard deviation of the joint PRS in the validation set was 1.34 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27–1.42] with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.581. Compared with women with average risk (40th–60th PRS percentile), women in the top decile of the PRS had a 1.98-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.63–2.39). For PRSs of ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer, the AUCs were 0.608 and 0.576, respectively. Compared with existing methods, the proposed joint PRSs can improve prediction of breast cancer risk in AA women.

Published
2022

84. Effects of maternal supplementation of fish oil during late gestation and lactation on growth performance, fecal microbiota structure and post-weaning diarrhoea of offspring piglets.

Author

Han, Peiyuan, Du, Zhaohui, Liu, Xiaowei, You, Junyi, Shi, Xin´e, Sun, Shiduo, Yang, Gongshe, and Li, Xiao

Subjects
DIARRHEA prevention, LACTATION, HUMAN growth, THERAPEUTICS, BIOMARKERS, DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid, STATISTICS, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, SEQUENCE analysis, ANALYSIS of variance, GUT microbiome, ANIMAL experimentation, SERUM, MULTIVARIATE analysis, ONE-way analysis of variance, SWINE, DIETARY supplements, FECES, COLOSTRUM, EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid, IMMUNITY, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, DATA analysis software, DATA analysis, FISH oils, PREGNANCY
Abstract

Homeostasis of gut microbiota is a critical contributor to growth and health in weaned piglets. Fish oil is widely reported to benefit health of mammals including preventing intestinal dysfunction, yet its protective effect during suckling-to-weaning transition in piglets remains undetermined. Low (30 g/d) and high (60 g/d) doses of n-3-rich fish oil were supplemented in sows from late gestation to lactation. Serum indicators and gut microbiota were determined to evaluate the effects of maternal fish oil on growth performance, immunity and diarrhea of piglets. DHA and EPA in the colostrum as well as serum of suckling and 1-week post-wean piglets were significantly and linearly increased by maternal supplementation of fish oil (P < 0.05). IGF1 and T3 in nursing and weaned piglets were significantly elevated by maternal fish oil (P < 0.05), and the increase of IGF1 was concerning the dosage of fish oil. Colostrum IgG, plasma IgG, IgM in suckling piglets, IgG, IgM and IgA in weaned piglets were significantly increase as maternal replenishment of fish oil increased (P < 0.05). Additionally, cortisol was significantly reduced in weaned pigs (P < 0.05), regardless of dosage. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that α-diversity of fecal microbiota in nursery piglets, and fecal Lactobacillus genus, positively correlated with post-weaning IgA, was significantly increased by high dosage. Collectively, maternal fish oil during late pregnancy and lactation significantly promoted growth, enhanced immunity, and reduced post-weaning diarrhea in piglets, therefore facilitated suckling-to-weaning transition in piglets, which may be partially due to the altered gut microbial community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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