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315 results on '"Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech]"'

51. The use of high-resolution image time series for crop classification and evapotranspiration estimate over an irrigated area in central Morocco

Author: Benoît Duchemin, Salah Er-Raki, Albert Olioso, Valérie Simonneaux, D. Helson, A.G. Chehbouni, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Antenne de la Direction Scientifique Environnement - Ecosystèmes Cultivés et Naturels (AVIGNON DS ECONAT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: SATELLITE MEASUREMENT, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, spatial analysis, 0211 other engineering and technologies, WHEAT, 02 engineering and technology, Land cover, 01 natural sciences, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, irrigation, MOROCCO, REMOTE SENSING, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Evapotranspiration, water management, PHENOLOGY, Cropping system, Time series, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, agriculture, 2. Zero hunger, Pixel, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, Decision tree learning, Water Resource & Irrigation, CROP, 15. Life on land, Thematic Mapper, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Cartography
Abstract: A time series of eight high-resolution Landsat TM images, ranging over the crop season, has been acquired over an irrigated area in central Morocco. From this time series, a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) profile was generated for each pixel. In order to get significant profiles, the images were radiometrically corrected, first, using invariant objects located on the scene, based on visual observation of the images, and second, using the reflectance of these objects, estimated from a previously corrected image. In the following step, these NDVI profiles were used to identify four main crop types - bare soil, annual crops, trees on bare soil and trees on annual understory - using a decision tree algorithm. The resulting land cover map and the associated NDVI profiles were then used for an evapotranspiration estimate over the whole area, using the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) model. Daily outputs of the Moroccan meteorological model Aire Limite Adaptation Dynamique dveloppement International (ALADIN) were used to generate reference evapotranspiration (ET0) maps and K-c estimates were determined using the NDVI profiles.
Published: 2008

52. Combining FAO-56 model and ground-based remote sensing to estimate water consumptions of wheat crops in a semi-arid region

Author: Jamal Ezzahar, B. Duchemin, A.G. Chehbouni, Rachid Hadria, Salah Er-Raki, N. Guemouria, Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Irrigation, BESOIN EN EAU, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Eddy covariance, Soil Science, Soil science, 01 natural sciences, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Cover fraction ( fc), Evapotranspiration, AGROMETEOROLOGIE, INDICE DE VEGETATION, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, FAO-56, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, Irrigation scheduling, TELEDETECTION SPATIALE, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, MODELISATION, Crop coefficient, BLE, Wheat, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Basal crop coefficient (Kcb), 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Plant cover, Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: This study was performed to test three methods based on the FAO-56 ‘‘dual'' crop coefficient approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration (AET) for winter wheat under different irrigation treatments in the semi-arid region of Tensift Al Haouz, Marrakech (center of Morocco). The three methods differ in the calculation of the basal crop coefficient (Kcb) and the fraction of soil surface covered by vegetation ( fc). The first approach strictly follows the FAO-56 procedure, with Kcb given in the FAO-56 tables and fc calculated from Kcb (No- Calibration method). The second method uses local Kcb and fc values estimated from field measurements (Local-Calibration method) and the last approach uses a remotely-sensed vegetation index to estimate Kcb and fc (NDVI-Calibration method). The analysis was performed on three fields using actual (AET) measured by Eddy Correlation systems. It was shown that the Local-Calibration approach gave best results. Accurate estimates of Kcb and fc were necessary for FAO-56 ‘‘dual'' crop coefficient application. The locally derived Kcb for winter wheat taken at initial, mid-season, and maturity crop growth were 0.15, 0.90 and 0.23, respectively. The Kcb value at the mid-season stage was found to be considerably less than that suggested by the FAO-56. Similarity between the seasonal pattern of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and Kcb showed potential for modelling NDVI into a Kcb. The obtained relationships between Kcb and NDVI, and between fc and NDVI could be easily incorporated within the FAO-56 ‘‘dual'' crop coefficient model and, thereby, provide a means to apply remotely sensed observation for real-time wheat irrigation scheduling. The results obtained were very acceptable especially when the soil evaporation is negligible. Therefore, the Kcb–NDVI relationship employed in the FAO-56 ‘‘dual'' crop coefficient model holds great potential for estimating crop water requirements on an operational basis and consumption at a regional scale.
Published: 2007

53. On the application of scintillometry over heterogeneous grids

Author: A.G. Chehbouni, A. Chehbouni, Jamal Ezzahar, J.C.B. Hoedjes, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et Energétique (LMFE), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Hydrology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Scale (ratio), 0207 environmental engineering, Eddy covariance, Soil science, Terrain, 02 engineering and technology, Vegetation, Sensible heat, Covariance, Grid, 01 natural sciences, Aggregation, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Heat flux, Structure parameter, Environmental science, Heterogeneity, 020701 environmental engineering, Scintillation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Summary In this paper the applicability of the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) over heterogeneous terrain below the blending height is investigated. This is tested using two large aperture scintillometers (LAS), in conjunction with aggregation schemes to infer area-averaged refractive index structure parameters. The two LAS were operated simultaneously over the oliveyard of Agdal, located near Marrakech (Morocco). The Agdal olive yard is made up of two contrasted fields, or patches. The two sites are relatively homogeneous, but differ strongly in characteristics (mainly soil moisture status, and, to a lesser extent, vegetation cover). The higher soil moisture in the northern site creates heterogeneity at the scale of the entire olive yard (i.e. at grid scale). At patch scale, despite the complexity of the surface (tall, sparse trees), a good agreement was found between the sensible heat fluxes obtained from eddy-covariance systems and those estimated from the LAS. At grid scale, the aggregated structure parameter of the refractive index, simulated using the proposed aggregation model, behaves according to MOST. This aggregated structure parameter of the refractive index is obtained from measurements made below the grid scale blending height, and shows that MOST applies here. Consequently, scintillometers can be used at levels below the blending height. This is of interest, since strictly respecting the height requirements poses tremendous practical problems, especially if one is aiming to derive surface fluxes over large areas.
Published: 2007

54. Evolution des recouvrements forestiers et de l'Occupation des sols entre 1964 et 2002 dans la haute vallée des Ait Bouguemez (Haut Atlas Central, Maroc). Impact des modes de gestion

Author: Hammi, S., Simonneaux, Vincent, Alifriqui, M., Auclair, L., Montes, N., Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Maroc, photointerprétation, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, agdal, télédétection, Haut Atlas, dynamique forestière
Abstract: Les espaces forestiers montagnards méditerranéens sont souvent fortement dégradés. La cause principale est la surexploitation des ressources. Au cours de l'histoire, la rareté des ressources a probablement incité les hommes à mettre en place des formes de contrôle coutumières (ou « traditionnelles ») des espaces forestiers et pastoraux. Ces régimes perdurent dans le Haut Atlas marocain sous le nom d'agdal, terme qui désigne un territoire sylvopastoral collectif soumis à des mises en défens temporaires. Ce travail vise à évaluer l'impact de cette gestion coutumière sur les dynamiques des formations boisées dans une zone de montagne, la vallée des Ait Bouguemez, à travers une analyse diachronique basée sur la comparaison de documents anciens (photographies aériennes de 1964) avec des documents récents (image satellitaire Spot 5 à très haute résolution). La méthodologie adoptée repose sur la photointerprétation visuelle des documents précités en se basant sur une charte commune d'estimation du recouvrement arboré. Deux cartes de recouvrement ont été produites pour 1964 et 2002, dont le croisement a permis d'obtenir une carte de la dynamique des peuplements. Les résultats obtenus soulignent de fortes disparités dans les dynamiques forestières selon le statut agdal ou non-agdal de la forêt. La surface forestière a diminué de 21 % en 38 ans, et le recouvrement arboré moyen sur la zone forestière chute globalement de 20 % à 18 % pendant cette période. On observe un maintien du couvert boisé en zone agdal et sa forte dégradation hors agdal dans un contexte de forte croissance démographique.
Published: 2007

55. The use of the scintillation technique for monitoring seasonal water consumption of olive orchards in a semi-arid region

Author: A.G. Chehbouni, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, A. Chehbouni, Jamal Ezzahar, Salah Er-Raki, Gilles Boulet, H. A. R. De Bruin, J.C.B. Hoedjes, Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE - UR1263), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Meteorology and Air Quality Department [Wageningen] (MAQ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, refractive-index, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Eddy covariance, flux measurements, Atmospheric sciences, long-wave-radiation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, olive, law, Evapotranspiration, large-aperture scintillometer, 020701 environmental engineering, Water content, semi arid region, Water Science and Technology, flood irrigation, flevoland field experiment, Olive, large aperture scintillometer, 6. Clean water, Available energy, Meteorology and Air Quality, Flood irrigation, 0207 environmental engineering, Soil Science, sonic anemometer, Energy balance, Sensible heat, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Latent heat, eddy covariance, Large aperture scintillometer, Semi-arid region, Surface irrigation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Hydrology, WIMEK, area, energy balance, heterogeneous surface, energy fluxes, Scintillometer, Environmental science, heat, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: To monitor seasonal water consumption of agricultural fields at large scale, spatially averaged surface fluxes of sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LvE) are required. The scintillation method is shown to be a promising device for obtaining the area-averaged sensible heat fluxes, on a scale of up to 10 km. These fluxes, when combined with a simple available energy model, can be used to derive area-averaged latent heat fluxes. For this purpose, a Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) was operated continuously for more than one year over a tall and sparse irrigated oliveyard located in south-central Marrakesh (Morocco). Due to the flood irrigation method used in the site, which induces irregular pattern of soil moisture both in space and time, the comparison between scintillometer-based estimates of daily sensible heat flux (H-LAS) and those measured by the classical eddy covariance (EC) method (H-EC) showed a large scatter during the irrigation events, while a good correspondence was found during homogenous conditions (dry conditions and days following the rain events). We found, that combining a simple available energy model and the LAS measurements, the latent heat can be reliably predicted at large scale in spite of the large scatter (R-2 = 0.72 and RMSE = 18.25 W m(-2)) that is obtained when comparing the LAS against the EC. This scatter is explained by different factors: the difference in terms of the source areas of the LAS and EC, the closure failure of the energy balance of the EC, and the error in available energy estimates. Additionally, the irrigation efficiency was investigated by comparing measured seasonal evapotranspiration values to those recommended by the FAO. It was found that the visual observation of the physical conditions of the plant is not sufficient to efficiently manage the irrigation, a large quantity of water is lost (approximate to 37% of total irrigation). Consequently, the LAS can be considered as a potentially useful tool to monitor the water consumption in complex conditions.
Published: 2007

56. Surveillance environnementale à long terme dans les zones arides et semi-arides

Author: Boudhar, A., Duchemin, Benoît, Hanich, L., Chaponniere, A., Maisongrande, Philippe, Boulet, Gilles, Stitou, J., Chehbouni, Ghani, Jauffret, S. (dir.), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), International Water Management Institute [CGIAR, Ghana] (IWMI), International Water Management Institute [CGIAR, Sri Lanka] (IWMI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan, Faculté des Sciences du M, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: VARIATION SAISONNIERE, MAROC, MARRAKECH REGION, ZONE ARIDE, SURFACE DU SOL, SATELLITE SPOT, GEOMATIQUE, IMAGE SATELLITE, TELEDETECTION SPATIALE, RESSOURCES EN EAU, HAUT ATLAS CENTRAL, DEBIT, BASSIN VERSANT, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, TENSIFT BASSIN VERSANT, PLUIE, HYDROCLIMAT, VARIATION SPATIALE, ZONE SEMIARIDE, TEMPERATURE, ZONE DE MONTAGNE, HAUTE ALTITUDE, NEIGE
Abstract: La chaîne montagneuse du Haut Atlas marocain constitue un véritable château d'eau pour les plaines arides avoisinantes. C'est le cas de la plaine du Haouz dans la région de Marrakech, où les ressources en eaux connaissent une exploitation intensive (activités agricoles et tourisme). La gestion durable de ces ressources est ainsi une priorité pour les autorités de la région et du pays. Dans cet objectif, il est nécessaire de bien comprendre les processus et les variables permettant de décrire précisément le cycle hydrologique de la région, et en particulier la contribution respective des précipitations liquides et solides aux débits des principaux sousbassins de l'oued Tensift. Dans ce contexte, nous avons utilisé une archive de 7 années d'images SPOT-VEGETATION pour cartographier les surfaces enneigées du Haut Atlas. Les variations spatiales et temporelles de la couverture neigeuse sont analysées à l'échelle du Haut Atlas, ainsi qu'au niveau des cinq grands bassinsversants qui alimentent la plaine du Haouz. Cette analyse et la confrontation avec les mesures hydrométéorologiques disponibles permettent de conforter les estimations des surfaces enneigées. Cette étude montre l'intérêt de la télédétection pour observer durablement la variabilité intra- et interannuelle de l'enneigement dans des régions peu accessibles où le réseau d'observation climatique est insuffisant. Le potentiel de ces données pour étudier le régime hydrologique de régions semi-arides est également souligné.
Published: 2007

57. Agrometerological study of semi-arid areas: an experiment for analysing the potential of time series of FORMOSAT-2 images (Tensift-Marrakech plain)

Author: Iskander Benhadj, Jamal Ezzahar, Valérie Simonneaux, R. Escadafal, Gilles Boulet, Albert Olioso, Gérard Dedieu, Olivier Hagolle, Benoît Duchemin, Said Khabba, Salah Er-Raki, Rachid Hadria, A. Chehbouni, J.C.B. Hoedjes, Bernard Mougenot, M. H. Kharrou, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Faculté des Sciences SEMLALIA (FSSM), Office Régional de Mise en Valeur Agricole d'Al Haouz (ORMVAH), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, ORMVAH—Office Regional de Mise en Valeur Agricole du Haouz, ORMVAH, Antenne de la Direction Scientifique Environnement - Ecosystèmes Cultivés et Naturels (AVIGNON DS ECONAT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, VEGETATION DYNAMICS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, WATER MANAGEMENT, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Land cover, 01 natural sciences, REMOTE SENSING, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Time series, 020701 environmental engineering, Image resolution, SOIL CHARACTERISTICS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, SEMI-ARID AREA, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Viewing angle, Arid, RELATION SOL-PLANTE-ATMOSPHERE, 6. Clean water, Water resources, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Satellite, ZONE SEMIARIDE
Abstract: International audience; Earth Observing Systems designed to provide both high spatial resolution (10 m) and high capacity of time revisit (a few days) offer strong opportunities for the management of agricultural water resources. The FORMOSAT-2 satellite is the first and only satellite with the ability to provide daily high-resolution images over a particular area with constant viewing angles. As part of the SudMed project, one of the first time series of FORMOSAT-2 images has been acquired over the semi-arid Tensift-Marrakech plain. Along with these acquisitions, an experimental data set has been collected to monitor land-cover/land-use, soil characteristics, vegetation dynamics and surface fluxes. This paper presents a first analysis of the potential of these data for agrometerological study of semi-arid areas
Published: 2006

58. Bohr-Neugebauer type theorem for some partial neutral functional differential equations

Author: Adimy, Mostafa, Elazzouzi, Abdelhai, Ezzinbi, Khalil, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tools of automatic control for scientific computing, Models and Methods in Biomathematics (ANUBIS), INRIA Futurs, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Département de mathématiques [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: semigroup, spectral decomposition, neutral equation, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], almost periodic solution, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], variation of constants formula, Hille-Yosida condition, essential growth, [MATH.MATH-SP]Mathematics [math]/Spectral Theory [math.SP]
Abstract: 21 pages; In this work, we study the existence of almost periodic solutions for some partial neutral functional differential equations. Using the variation of constants formulaand the spectral decomposition of the phase space developed in [6], we prove that the existence of an almost periodic solution is equivalent to the existence of a bounded solution on $\mathbb{R}^+$.
Published: 2006

59. New Variation of Constants Formula for Some Partial Functional Differential Equations with Infinite Delay

Author: Adimy, Mostafa, Ezzinbi, Khalil, Ouhinou, Aziz, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tools of automatic control for scientific computing, Models and Methods in Biomathematics (ANUBIS), INRIA Futurs, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Département de mathématiques [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: Hille-Yosida operator, uniform fading memory space, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], variation of constants formula, almost periodic solutions, integral solutions
Abstract: 20 pages; In this work, we give a new variation of constants formula for some partial functional differential equations with infinite delay. We assume that the linear part is not necessarily densely defined and satisfies the known Hille-Yosida condition. When the phase space is a uniform fading memory space, we establish a spectral decomposition of the phase space. This allows us to study the existence of almost periodic solutions when the equation has a bounded solution on the half line $\mathbb{R}^+$
Published: 2006

60. Monitoring of irrigated wheat in a semi-arid climate using crop modelling and remote sensing data: Impact of satellite revisit time frequency

Author: G. Dedieu, B. Duchemin, Albert Olioso, Salah Er-Raki, Rachid Hadria, A. Lahrouni, A.G. Chehbouni, Said Khabba, Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Equipe Ecologie Végétale, Sol & Environnement Marrakech, Antenne de la Direction Scientifique Environnement - Ecosystèmes Cultivés et Naturels (AVIGNON DS ECONAT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, Irrigation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Phenology, evapotranspiration, STICS crop model, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, calibration, yield, 01 natural sciences, Water balance, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Evapotranspiration, Semi-arid climate, wheat, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Calibration, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Satellite, semi arid, Leaf area index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract: The rationale of this research is to investigate approaches based on modelling and remote sensing data for estimating the spatial distribution of yield and irrigation of wheat in semi-arid areas. The specific objective is to compare the performances of two approaches to test the STICS crop model using remotely sensed estimates of Leaf Area Index (LAI). An experimental study of phenology, yield and water balance of an irrigated wheat was made in the Marrakech-Haouz plain during year 2003. Experimental data allowed to run STICS using two approaches: 1) calibration of the parameters that control the time course of LAI ; 2) driving from LAI time series interpolated with a simple model. The results show the accuracy of STICS to simulate actual evapotranspiration and yield for both approaches. Finally, the two approaches were compared using remotely sensed estimates of LAI upon four scenarios of satellite time revisit frequency. The simulations we obtained always show acceptable results. However, differences appear between the variables, between the approaches and between the frequencies.
Published: 2006

61. Intelligence artificielle et données images massives multi-capteurs pour l'optimisation des systèmes d'alerte précoce à la sècheresse dans les agrosystèmes à forte variabilité des extrêmes climatiques

Author: Hanadé Houmma, Ismaguil, Gadal, Sébastien, El Mansouri, Loubna, Hadria, Rachid, Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II (IAV Hassan II), North-Eastern Federal University, Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Hassan II, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), and Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Maroc] (INRA Maroc)
Subjects: [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

62. Impact de la modernisation agricole sur l'évolution piézométrique de la nappe phréatique du Haouz (Maroc central)

Author: Abourida, A., Errouane, S., Christian Leduc, Ghani Chehbouni, Département de Géologie [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ali Hammani, Marcel Kuper, Abdelhafid Debbarh, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
Abstract: International audience; Dans la région de Marrakech (Maroc central), la population du Haouz est constituée de 60 % de ruraux dont l'activité principale est l'agriculture. La mobilisation de plus en plus importante des ressources en eau pour l'irrigation a conduit à la mise en place d'aménagements agricoles réalisés par l'Office régional de mise en valeur du Haouz. Les prélèvements sont de 238 millions de m3, 73 % dans le Haouz pour 122 000 ha aménagés depuis 1998 et 27 % dans la Tassaout, pour 52 000 ha aménagés en 1978). L'étude, intégrée dans le programme scientifique franco-marocain Sud- Med, met en évidence les modifications du régime de la nappe phréatique dans différents secteurs sous l'influence de l'irrigation à partir des eaux de surfaces et des eaux souterraines. La variation du niveau piézométrique de la nappe du Haouz a été mesurée depuis les années 70. Des situations de baisse piézométrique coexistent avec d'autres o`u la hausse piézométrique peut atteindre 15 mètres. Ces évolutions contrastées illustrent les changements importants dans le fonctionnement hydrologique des nappes et l'importance de l'infiltration des eaux d'irrigation dans l'alimentation actuelle de la nappe. La plupart des points d'observations montrent une baisse de la nappe entre 1981 et 1987, puis dans certains secteurs, on observe des remontées piézométriques variables en fonction de la mise en eau des périmètres. La diversité des situations indique qu'il n'est pas possible d'établir une relation simple entre le fonctionnement d'un périmètre irrigué et la dynamique de la nappe phréatique. L'analyse doit ˆetre entreprise par sous-ensemble homogène (hydrogéologie, apport des eaux de surface, exploitation des eaux souterraines). En outre, une modélisation physique des écoulements souterrains est en cours afin de mieux cerner la diversité des ressources et des usages de l'eau dans le Haouz.
Published: 2004

63. Age à la ménarche : évolution séculaire et relation avec la taille, le poids et l'indice de masse corporelle chez des adolescentes scolarisées de la ville de Marrakech (Maroc)

Author: Baali, Abdellatif, Lahmam, A., Cherkaoui, Mohamed, Lamtali, S., Amor, H., Rovillé-Sausse, Françoise, Boëtsch, Gilles, Laboratoire d'écologie humaine (LEH), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: "poids", Maroc, Marrakech, taille, "indice de masse corporelle", "ménarche", [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ménarche, indice de masse corporelle, "taille", poids, "Maroc", "Marrakech"
Published: 2003

64. BF3·OEt2-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Epoxy-Himachalenes: Access to New Biosourced N-Acetamide-Based Himachalenes

Author: Mustapha Ait El Had, Abdelouahd Oukhrib, Martine Urrutigoïty, Ahmed Benharref, Moha Taourirte, Mohamed I. Zaki, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Macromoléculaire - Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (LCBM), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Sesquiterpene, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Himachalene, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Catalysis, Solvent, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Reagent, Lewis acids, Organic chemistry, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Lewis acids and bases, N-acetamides, Atlas cedar, Acetonitrile, Essential oil, Acetamide
Abstract: Biosourced N-acetamide-based himachalenes were synthesized by Lewis acid catalyzed rearrangement of epoxy-himachalene derived from α-cis- and β-himachalenes, the main component of essential oil of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica). Several new chiral polycyclic N-acetamide compounds were obtained with different selectivities depending on the acid used. Among the Lewis acids used, BF3·OEt2 under catalytic and mild conditions is efficient and selective affording the formation of chiral N-acetamides in good yields. Otherwise, using acetonitrile as solvent and reagent was proved as an efficient tool giving access to new N-acetamide-based himachalenes. A mechanism to explain the formation of the different compounds observed in the reaction mixture has also been proposed.
Published: 2020

65. Long term osmotic stress exposure outcomes on rat dopaminergic innervations and the associated motor behavior

Author: Geneviève Chazal, Faissal Aziz, Hicham Chatoui, Omar El Hiba, Halima Gamrani, Equipe de Neurosciences, Pharmacologie et Environnement [Marrakech, Morocco] (Faculté des Sciences Semlalia), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Université Privée de Marrakech (UPR), Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Chouaib Doukkali (UCD), CNEREE Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech (EnR2E), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], This work has been supported by the Moroccan CNRST (SC. Vie05/10), le Centre National d’Etudes et de Recherches sur le Sahara(CNERS), OTAN (PDD [CP] - [LST.CLG979823])., Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U901), University of Chouaîb Doukkali (UCD), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech, Morocco], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and pellegrino, Christophe
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Substantia nigra compacta, Osmotic shock, Dopamine, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Open field, Midbrain, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], lcsh:QH301-705.5, Tyrosine hydroxylase, Pars compacta, Dopaminergic, Ventral tegmental area, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, lcsh:Biology (General), nervous system, Water deprivation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Locomotion, 010606 plant biology & botany, medicine.drug
Abstract: The osmotic stress is a powerful stimulus that elicits profound peripheral and central disturbances. In the mammalian brain, osmotic stress has been associated to several glial and neuronal changes. The lack of data regarding the impact on the dopaminergic system and locomotion led us to investigate the effect of prolonged water deprivation in rat on the midbrain dopaminergic system and locomotor performance by dehydrating rats for one and two weeks. Locomotor activity and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression were assessed using the open field test and immunohistochemistry respectively. Water deprivation was accompanied with a significant increment of TH expression within substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) gradually as the duration of dehydration increases. While locomotor activity showed the inverse tendency manifested by a drop of crossed boxes number following one and two weeks of water deprivation. Our data suggest a substantial implication of midbrain dopaminergic system in the central response to the osmotic stimuli accompanied with locomotor deficiencies. Keywords: Water deprivation, Dopamine, Locomotion, Substantia nigra compacta, Ventral tegmental area
Published: 2020

66. Genome-wide footprints in the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) unveil a new domestication pattern of a fruit tree in the Mediterranean

Author: Alex Baumel, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, Frédéric Médail, Stefano La Malfa, Mario Di Guardo, Magda Bou Dagher Kharrat, Fatma Lakhal‐Mirleau, Valentine Frelon, Lahcen Ouahmane, Katia Diadema, Hervé Sanguin, Juan Viruel, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (RJB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles, Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], ANR-14-CE02-0016,DYNAMIC,Décryptage des réseaux symbiotiques au sein des agro-écosystèmes méditerranéens à caroubier(2014), and European Project: 704464,H2020,H2020-MSCA-IF-2015,Yamnomics(2017)
Subjects: microsatellite, Biogéographie, phylogeography, Galactans, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Domestication, Mannans, Ceratonia siliqua, Variation génétique, Ressource génétique végétale, Plant Gums, Genetics, origin, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, biogeography, Génome, Mediterranean Region, Domestication des plantes, phytogénétique, Genetic Variation, Fabaceae, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, genetic diversity, RADseq, Fruit, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Intense research efforts over the last two decades have renewed our understand-ing of plant phylogeography and domestication in the Mediterranean basin. Here we aim to investigate the evolutionary history and the origin of domestication of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua), which has been cultivated for millennia for food and fodder. We used >1000 microsatellite genotypes to delimit seven carob evolutionary units (CEUs). We investigated genome-wide diversity and evolutionary patterns of the CEUs with 3557 single nucleotide polymorphisms generated by restriction-site asso-ciated DNA sequencing (RADseq). To address the complex wild vs. cultivated status of sampled trees, we classified 56 sampled populations across the Mediterranean basin as wild, seminatural or cultivated. Nuclear and cytoplasmic loci were identified from RADseq data and separated for analyses. Phylogenetic analyses of these genomic- wide data allowed us to resolve west-to- east expansions from a single long-term refu-gium probably located in the foothills of the High Atlas Mountains near the Atlantic coast. Our findings support multiple origins of domestication with a low impact on the genetic diversity at range-wide level. The carob was mostly domesticated from locally selected wild genotypes and scattered long-distance westward dispersals of domesticated varieties by humans, concomitant with major historical migrations by Romans, Greeks and Arabs. Ex situ efforts to preserve carob genetic resources should prioritize accessions from both western and eastern populations, with emphasis on the most differentiated CEUs situated in southwest Morocco, south Spain and eastern Mediterranean. Our study highlights the relevance of wild and seminatural habitats in the conservation of genetic resources for cultivated trees
Published: 2022

67. Données biodémographiques sur les populations montagnardes du Haut Atlas : état des recherches

Author: Baali, Abdellatif, Cherkaoui, Mohamed, Boëtsch, Gilles, Laboratoire d'écologie humaine (LEH), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boëtsch G., Devriendt W., Piguel A., and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech
Subjects: Populations montagnardes, "Haut-Atlas marocain", "Bio-démographie", [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Haut-Atlas marocain, Bio-démographie, "Populations montagnardes"
Published: 2002

68. Mode-changeable DC/DC converter control with fault-tolerance for application to an energetic hybrid system

Author: Ladel, Ayyoub Ait, Outbib, Rachid, Benzaouia, Abdellah, Ouladsine, Mustapha, Pronostic-Diagnostic Et CommAnde : Santé et Energie (PECASE), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transferts (LAEPT), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Modélisation, Information et Systèmes - UR UPJV 4290 (MIS), and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

69. Polygynie et fécondité au Maroc : l'effet de l'instabilité matrimoniale

Author: Varea, C., Crognier, Emile, Abdellatif, Baali, Baudot, Patrick, Bley, Daniel, Boëtsch, Gilles, Hilali, Mohamed Kamal, bley, daniel, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences SEMLALIA (FSSM), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Laboratoire d'écologie humaine (LEH), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: Maroc, instabilité matrimoniale, [SHS.DEMO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, démographie, anthropologie biologique, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, fécondité, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, Polygynie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 1997

70. La contraception au Maroc : attitude d'achèvement de la vie féconde dans les populations traditionnelles

Author: Abdellatif Baali, Carlos Varea, Gilles Boëtsch, Mohamed Kamal Hilali, Patrick Baudot, Daniel Bley, Emile Crognier, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'écologie humaine (LEH), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), and bley, daniel
Subjects: [SHS.DEMO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, Maghreb, démographie, anthropologie biologique, 05 social sciences, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, fécondité, populations traditionnelles, Cultural studies, [SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, SOC006000, Maroc, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Geography, contraception, 050902 family studies, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0509 other social sciences, Sociology & Anthropology, JHBD, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Introduction Les campagnes de planification familiale doivent induire des changements d’attitude à l’égard du contrôle de la fécondité, dans les populations des pays en développement encore attachées à une tradition. Dans les sociétés musulmanes notamment, ce défi paraît d’autant plus marqué que le fond culturel encourage la procréation, bien qu’il n’y ait pas de doctrine explicite concernant les pratiques contraceptives (Sachedina, 1990). La fécondité des nations arabes a décru au cours des ...
Published: 1997

71. Dendrimers and hyper-branched polymers interacting with clays: fruitful associations for functional materials

Author: Mohamed Hajjaji, Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot, Régis Laurent, Anne-Marie Caminade, Abdellah Beraa, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physico chimie des matériaux et environnement-FSS de Marrakech (LPCME), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), CNRS, LIA LCMMF, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Polymer science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Smart material, 6. Clean water, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, Dendrimer, Self-healing hydrogels, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Clay minerals
Abstract: International audience; The possibility to incorporate diverse chemical species inside clays, especially swelling clay minerals, has been known for more than two millennia, but the first examples of man-made polymers interacting with clays only date back to about 30 years ago. Dendrimers and hyper-branched polymers differ from classical polymers by their intrinsically 3-dimensional structure, and by their large number of reactive functional groups. The study of their interaction with clays/clay minerals is relatively recent. Besides the fundamental research done on these kinds of organoclays, different potential uses have already been investigated. In this review, we will present an overview of the studies dealing with the synthetic processes, and the characterization of the resulting dendrimer/hyper-branched polymer–clay mineral (nano)composites. Special attention will be focussed on the properties of these new hybrid smart materials, in different fields ranging from catalysis, trapping gases (in particular CO2 and H2), energy conversion and storage, flame retardants, and biology (biosensors, hydrogels, and drug delivery) to water treatment (wastewater and water-based drilling fluids).
Published: 2019

72. Modelling of asphalt mixes based on X-ray computed tomography and random heterogeneous generation

Author: Yassine El Haloui, Fatima Allou, Joseph Absi, Fabien Courreges, Mohamed El Omari, Fateh Fakhari Tehrani, Christophe Petit, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), IRCER - Axe 2 : procédés plasmas et lasers (IRCER-AXE2), Institut de Recherche sur les CERamiques (IRCER), Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes et Réseaux Intelligents (XLIM-SRI), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transferts (LAEPT), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes (GEMH), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)
Subjects: 050210 logistics & transportation, Materials science, 05 social sciences, Composite number, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Finite element method, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Asphalt pavement, Mechanics of Materials, Asphalt, X ray computed, 021105 building & construction, 0502 economics and business, Dynamic modulus, Tomography, Composite material, Mortar, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: This paper presents numerical investigations into the mechanical behaviour of hot mix asphalt (HMA) through the use of finite element modelling simulations. HMA is a well-known composite medium con...
Published: 2018

73. Global Attractor in Alpha-Norm for Some Partial Functional Differential Equations of Neutral and Retarded Type

Author: Mostafa Adimy, Khalil Ezzinbi, Catherine Marquet, Multi-scale modelling of cell dynamics : application to hematopoiesis (DRACULA), Centre de génétique et de physiologie moléculaire et cellulaire (CGPhiMC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), Faculté des Sciences SEMLALIA (FSSM), and Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées, CNRS UMR 5142, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour
Subjects: Pure mathematics, Smoothness (probability theory), Differential equation, Semigroup, 010102 general mathematics, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Physical system, Type (model theory), 01 natural sciences, 010101 applied mathematics, Norm (mathematics), Attractor, Dissipative system, 0101 mathematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this work is to study the existence of a global attractor for some partial neutral functional differential equations; the convergence of all the solutions to the attractor is given in terms of the alpha-norm which is more important than the classical norm. Firstly, we show some interesting properties on the semigroup solution like the asymptotic smoothness. Secondly, when the semigroup is compact dissipative, then we show the existence of the global attractor. For illustration, an application is provided for some model arising in physical systems.
Published: 2021

74. Simultaneous Fault Detection and Control for Continuous-Time Switched Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Systems With State Jumps

Author: Ayyoub Ait Ladel, Abdellah Benzaouia, Rachid Outbib, Mustapha Ouladsine, Pronostic-Diagnostic Et CommAnde : Santé et Energie (PECASE), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transferts (LAEPT), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Modélisation, Information et Systèmes - UR UPJV 4290 (MIS), and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Fuzzy control system, Fuzzy logic, Fault detection and isolation, Computer Science Applications, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Takagi sugeno, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, State (computer science), Control (linguistics), Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Information Systems
Abstract: This article addresses the simultaneous fault detection and control (SFDC) issue for switched Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems with state jumps. The main objective is to design robust detection filters and observer-based controllers to stabilize this system class and, at the same time, detect the presence of faults. Less conservative stability conditions are developed, applying the mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) concept, the robust H∞ approach, and the piecewise Lyapunov function (PLF) technique. Based on these conditions, the integrated controller and detector design is formalized in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI) instead of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMI). The proposed LMIs determine the controller/detector gains simultaneously in a single step, thus offering more degrees-of-freedom in the design. Finally, a numerical example and two real systems are studied to prove the applicability and effectiveness of the obtained results.
Published: 2021

75. Robust fault tolerant control of continuous-time switched systems: An LMI approach

Author: Mustapha Ouladsine, Rachid Outbib, Abdellah Benzaouia, El Mostafa El Adel, Ayyoub Ait Ladel, Pronostic-Diagnostic Et CommAnde : Santé et Energie (PECASE), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transferts (LAEPT), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Observer (quantum physics), Computer science, Control (management), Fault tolerance, 02 engineering and technology, Linear matrix, Fault (power engineering), Computer Science Applications, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, State (computer science), Actuator, Analysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The present paper proposes a new robust fault tolerant control (RFTC) design for continuous-time switched systems. The main objective is to design in an integrated way the couple (controller, observer) that allows to stabilize switched systems even in the presence of actuator faults. A state/fault estimation observer is designed to simultaneously estimate system state and actuator faults. Based on this observer, a fault tolerant controller is developed to stabilize the system and accommodate the actuator faults automatically. The RFTC problem is formalized in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI) rather than bilinear matrix inequalities (BMI), to avoid the difficulty of solving BMIs. Finally, a numerical example composed of unstable subsystems is studied to show the applicability and efficiency of the obtained results.
Published: 2021

76. Viscosity Solutions of system of PDEs with Interconnected Obstacles and nonlinear Neumann Boundary Conditions

Author: Brahim Boufoussi, Saïd Hamadène, Manal Jakani, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire Manceau de Mathématiques (LMM), Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire Ibn Al-Banna de Mathématiques et Applications (LIBMA), and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech
Subjects: Nonlinear Neumann Boundary conditions, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Viscosity solution of PDEs, Applied Mathematics, Optimal switching, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Generalized Reflected Backward stochastic differential equations, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Variational inequalities, Analysis
Abstract: This paper investigates the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman system of equations associated with the m-states optimal switching problem in finite horizon when the state process lives in a connected bounded closed domain. We show existence and uniqueness of the solution in viscosity sense of the system. We use systems of generalized reflected backward stochastic differential equations with oblique reflection and the Feynman-Kac representation of their solutions in the Markovian framework.
Published: 2021

77. A comparative study of the thermal behaviour of phosphate washing sludge from Tunisia and Morocco

Author: Lahbib Niboue, R. Dabbebi, Mohamed Mesnaoui, Youssef Elhafiane, Mohamed Amine Harech, A. Smith, S. Baklouti, Younes Abouliatim, Université Cadi Ayyad-Faculté des Sciences Semlalia-Marrakech-Maroc (FSSM), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Laboratoire Matériaux Procédés Environnement Qualité (LMPEQ), Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées [Safi] (ENSA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), IRCER - Axe 1 : procédés céramiques (IRCER-AXE1), Institut de Recherche sur les CERamiques (IRCER), Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: Thermogravimetric analysis, Materials science, Scanning electron microscope, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Raw material, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Thermal, Calcination, Ceramic, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Crystallization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Metallurgy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Phosphate, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The aim of the present work is to characterize the phosphate sludge from two different countries: Morocco and Tunisia, and to study the difference between their thermal behavior, this may contribute to their valorization as an alternative raw material for ceramic and building materials industries. Mineralogical transformation during calcination at different temperatures of two different phosphate sludges from two different countries: Morocco and Tunisia were investigated. The two sludges were chemically and mineralogically studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After calcination at different temperatures, 600 °C, 700 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C and 1100 °C, the mineralogy transformation was studied. The effects of the composition on the crystallization behaviour of new phases and the disappearance of others were investigated. The results showed an important difference in the thermal behaviour of the two sludges during calcination, based on the newly formed phases at the different temperatures and specially at the range of high temperatures (900–1100°C).
Published: 2021

78. Convergence of iterates for first-order optimization algorithms with inertia and Hessian driven damping

Author: Hedy Attouch, Zaki Chbani, Jalal Fadili, Hassan Riahi, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Equipe Image - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), and École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN)
Subjects: inertial optimization algorithms, 021103 operations research, Control and Optimization, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Convergence of iterates, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, 37N40, 46N10, 49M30, 65B99, 65K05, 65K10, 90B50, 90C25, 01 natural sciences, Optimization and Control (math.OC), Nesterov accelerated gradient method, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0101 mathematics, time rescaling, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Hessian driven damping
Abstract: In a Hilbert space setting, for convex optimization, we show the convergence of the iterates to optimal solutions for a class of accelerated first-order algorithms. They can be interpreted as discrete temporal versions of an inertial dynamic involving both viscous damping and Hessian-driven damping. The asymptotically vanishing viscous damping is linked to the accelerated gradient method of Nesterov while the Hessian driven damping makes it possible to significantly attenuate the oscillations. By treating the Hessian-driven damping as the time derivative of the gradient term, this gives, in discretized form, first-order algorithms. These results complement the previous work of the authors where it was shown the fast convergence of the values, and the fast convergence towards zero of the gradients., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.10536
Published: 2021

79. EDSR Réfléchie associée à un processus markovien de saut et application aux EDP

Author: Bahlali, Khaled, Oualaid, Abdelkarim, Ouknine, Youssef, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulon - EA 2134 (IMATH), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire Ibn Al-Banna de Mathématiques et Applications (LIBMA), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, and CNRS-FRUMAM
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], AMS 2000 Subject Classification: Primary 60H20, 60H30, 35K60, Backward stochastic differential equations, Marked point processes, Quasi-variational inequalities, Jump Markov processes
Abstract: In this paper we study a class of reflected backward stochastic differential equations (RBSDE) driven by the compensated random measure associated to a given pure jump Markov process X on a general state space U. The "reflection" keeps the solution above a given càdlàg process. We prove the uniqueness and existence both by a combination of the Snell envelope theory and fixed point argument. We apply these results to represent probabilitically the value function of some quasi-variational inequalities associated to the Markov process X.
Published: 2020

80. Fast convex optimization via a third-order in time evolution equation: TOGES-V an improved version of TOGES

Author: Attouch, Hedy, Chbani, Zaki, Riahi, Hassan, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ibn Al-Banna de Mathématiques et Applications (LIBMA), and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech
Subjects: fast convex optimization, Control and Optimization, Optimization and Control (math.OC), Applied Mathematics, FOS: Mathematics, Hessian damping, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Management Science and Operations Research, third order in time evolution equation, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract: In a Hilbert space setting H, for convex optimization, we analyze the fast convergence properties as t tends to infinity of the trajectories generated by a third-order in time evolution system. The function f to minimize is supposed to be convex, continuously differentiable, with a nonempty set of minimizers. It enters into the dynamic through its gradient. Based on this new dynamical system, we improve the results obtained by [Attouch, Chbani, Riahi: Fast convex optimization via a third-order in time evolution equation, Optimization 2020]. As a main result, when the damping parameter $\alpha$ satisfies $\alpha > 3$, we show that the convergence of the values at the order 1/t3 as t goes to infinity, as well as the convergence of the trajectories. We complement these results by introducing into the dynamic an Hessian driven damping term, which reduces the oscillations. In the case of a strongly convex function f, we show an autonomous evolution system of the third order in time with an exponential rate of convergence. All these results have natural extensions to the case of a convex lower semicontinuous function with extended real values. Just replace f with its Moreau envelope., Comment: 16 pages, 2figures
Published: 2020

81. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel Heterocyclic Systems with Monoterpenic Skeleton Combining Dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Nucleus

Author: Abdelkhalek Riahi, Aziz Auhmani, Anthony Robert, Moulay Youssef Ait Itto, Mourad Fawzi, Hamid Morjani, Ali Oubella, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire et Synthèse Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Biospectroscopie Translationnelle - EA 7506 (BIOSPECT), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Antitumor activity, 010405 organic chemistry, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Skeleton (computer programming), 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition, medicine, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Nucleus, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

82. The Moroccan High Atlas phosphate-rich sediments: Unraveling the accumulation and differentiation processes

Author: Radouan El Bamiki, El Hassane Chellaï, Mohamed Marzoqi, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Gilles Merzeraud, Michel Séranne, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, and National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Stratigraphy, Geochemistry, Reworking, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Petrography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phosphate accumulation, Marl, Paleogene, Winnowing, Francolite, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sediment, Geology, 15. Life on land, Phosphate, Turbidite, chemistry, High Atlas Morocco, Facies, Upper Cretaceous
Abstract: International audience; The phosphate series of the Moroccan High Atlas accumulated during the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene phosphogenic period, on a biologically-productive shallow-water platform. These phosphate-rich sediments were deposited during a relative sea-level cycle generating major stratigraphic surfaces. Five different types of phosphatic lithofacies are recognized based on their petrographic and sedimentologic features. The pristine phosphate lithofacies corresponds to phosphatic marls formed by francolite authigenesis within the outer platform domain below the storm wave-base (primary phosphogenesis zone). This primary phosphatic lithofacies can be differentiated as a result of the interaction between hydrodynamic autocyclic processes and allocyclic forcing. Accordingly, the granular phosphate lithofacies was formed by in-situ storm and bottom currents that winnowed the pristine phosphate. This winnowed lithofacies, composed of densely-packed peloids, shows relatively high P2O5 concentrations. The turbiditic phosphate resulted from the basinward transport and deposition of other phosphate types by gravity flows leading to normally-graded phosphatic sediment. The phosphatic lags were formed by wave reworking and transporting of pristine and associated granular facies within the inner platform. The karst-filling phosphate corresponds to former phosphate types transported by early transgressive currents and trapped within karstic pockets as phospharudites. The distribution of the different phosphate types across the margin and within the depositional sequences is controlled by the effects of relative sea-level changes. The pristine phosphate and associated winnowed facies are found above the major maximum flooding surface, which is dated by nannoflora to the Selandian-Thanetian transition. The phosphatic turbidites occurred during periods of high sea-level. The karst-related phosphatic facies accumulated during early transgressive stages. The phosphatic lags accumulated mainly during the regressive phases of third and fourth-order sequences. The accumulation processes of the different phosphatic lithofacies control the ore grade of the phosphatic sediments: repeated storm-induced winnowing of pristine phosphate contributes to the enrichment of the phosphate ore grade.
Published: 2020

83. Epidemic model on a network: Analysis and applications to COVID-19

Author: F. Bustamante-Castaneda, Arnaud Knippel, J. G. Caputo, Gustavo Cruz-Pacheco, F. Mouatamide, Laboratoire de Mathématiques de l'INSA de Rouen Normandie (LMI), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU), and Université Cadi Ayyad-Faculté des Sciences Semlalia-Marrakech-Maroc (FSSM)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Physics - Physics and Society, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Mathematical optimization, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Computer science, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS), 01 natural sciences, Quantitative Biology::Other, Article, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS], 0103 physical sciences, Quantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution, Isolation (database systems), 010306 general physics, Degree (graph theory), Node (networking), Condensed Matter Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Laplacian matrix, Epidemic model, Network analysis
Abstract: We analyze an epidemic model on a network consisting of susceptible–infected–recovered equations at the nodes coupled by diffusion using a graph Laplacian. We introduce an epidemic criterion and examine different isolation strategies: we prove that it is most effective to isolate a node of highest degree. The model is also useful to evaluate deconfinement scenarios and prevent a so-called second wave. The model has few parameters enabling fitting to the data and the essential ingredient of importation of infected; these features are particularly important for the current COVID-19 epidemic., Highlights • Mathematical analysis of a simple epidemic model on a network. • We introduced an epidemic criterion and examined different isolation strategies. • We evaluated deconfinement scenarios to prevent a second wave.
Published: 2020

84. Crystal structure of ( R )-5-[( R )-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]-2-methylcyclohex-2-enone

Author: Ali Oubella, My Youssef Ait Itto, Aziz Auhmani, Abdelkhalek Riahi, Jean-Claude Daran, Abdelwahed Auhmani, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire et Synthèse Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: crystal structure, natural products, 030303 biophysics, Crystal structure, pharmaceutical activities, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, Ring (chemistry), 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, Crystal, lcsh:Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Column chromatography, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, Diastereomer, Absolute configuration, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, isoxazole derivatives, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, absolute configuration, lcsh:QD1-999, Proton NMR, Enone
Abstract: The title compound, C17H18ClNO2, was prepared and isolated as a pure diastereoisomer, using column chromatography followed by a succession of fractional crystallizations. Its exact structure was fully identified via 1H NMR and confirmed by X-ray diffraction. It is built up from a central five-membered dihydroisoxazole ring to which a p-chlorophenyl group and a cyclohex-2-enone ring are attached in the 3 and 5 positions. The cyclohex-2-one and isoxazoline rings each exhibit an envelope conformation. The crystal packing features C—H...O, C—H...N and C—H...π interactions, which generate a three-dimensional network.
Published: 2020

85. Optimal stopping with f-expectations: The irregular case

Author: Grigorova, Miryana, Imkeller, Peter, Ouknine, Youssef, Quenez, Marie-Claire, Universität Bielefeld, Institut für Mathematik [Berlin], Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisations (LPSM (UMR_8001)), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: nonlinear expectation, strong $\mathcal{E}^f$ -supermartingale, Probability (math.PR), aggregation, backward stochastic differential equation, f-expectation, Computational Finance (q-fin.CP), dynamic risk measure, Snell envelope, [QFIN.CP]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Computational Finance [q-fin.CP], General filtration, FOS: Economics and business, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Quantitative Finance - Computational Finance, reflected backward stochastic differential equation, optimal stopping, Optimization and Control (math.OC), FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], American option, comparison theorem, Tanaka-type formula, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: We consider the optimal stopping problem with non-linear $f$-expectation (induced by a BSDE) without making any regularity assumptions on the reward process $\xi$. and with general filtration. We show that the value family can be aggregated by an optional process $Y$. We characterize the process $Y$ as the $\mathcal{E}^f$-Snell envelope of $\xi$. We also establish an infinitesimal characterization of the value process $Y$ in terms of a Reflected BSDE with $\xi$ as the obstacle. To do this, we first establish a comparison theorem for irregular RBSDEs. We give an application to the pricing of American options with irregular pay-off in an imperfect market model.
Published: 2020

86. Fast convex optimization via a third-order in time evolution equation

Author: Hedy Attouch, Hassan Riahi, Zaki Chbani, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ibn Al-Banna de Mathématiques et Applications (LIBMA), and Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech
Subjects: 021103 operations research, Control and Optimization, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Regular polygon, Time evolution, Hilbert space, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Management Science and Operations Research, 01 natural sciences, Third order, symbols.namesake, Convex optimization, symbols, Applied mathematics, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0101 mathematics, Mathematics
Abstract: In a Hilbert space H, we develop fast convex optimization methods, which are based on a third order in time evolution system. The function to minimize f : H → R is convex, continuously differentiable, with argmin f = ∅, and enters the dynamic via its gradient. On the basis of Lyapunov's analysis and temporal scaling techniques, we show a convergence rate of the values of the order 1/t 3 , and obtain the convergence of the trajectories towards optimal solutions. When f is strongly convex, an exponential rate of convergence is obtained. We complete the study of the continuous dynamic by introducing a damping term induced by the Hessian of f. This allows the oscillations to be controlled and attenuated. Then, we analyze the convergence of the proximal-based algorithms obtained by temporal discretization of this system, and obtain similar convergence rates. The algorithmic results are valid for a general convex, lower semicontinuous, and proper function f : H → R ∪ {+∞}.
Published: 2020

87. Sidi M'Barek: a representative example of the Moroccan massive sulphide deposits

Author: Abderrahim Essaifi, Abdelhak Outigua, Mohamed Outhounjite, Mohamed Zouhair, Michel Corsini, Laboratoire Dynamique de la Lithosphere et Genèse des Ressources, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Groupe MANAGEM, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sulfide, Geochemistry, Geology, Ocean Engineering, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

88. Earliest Embrithopod Mammals (Afrotheria, Tethytheria) from the Early Eocene of Morocco: Anatomy, Systematics and Phylogenetic Significance

Author: Rodolphe Tabuce, Fatima Khaldoune, Emmanuel Gheerbrant, Arnaud Schmitt, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Ouled Abdoun basin, Embrithopoda, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Proboscidea, Convergent evolution, Tethytheria, Chronospecies, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mammals, biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Paenungulata, biology.organism_classification, Morocco, Evolutionary biology, Africa, Ypresian, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Phosphatherium, Afrotheria
Abstract: International audience; We provide detailed morphological description, including enamel microstructure, of the earliest known embrithopod mammals (Afrotheria, Paenungulata), Stylolophus minor and S. major, n. sp., recently discovered in the early Eocene of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate basin, Morocco. Stylolophus minor and S. major, n. sp., show close morphological affinity, and the enamel microstructure supports their congeneric status. Stylolophus major, which comes from an upper level (middle Ypresian) of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate series, has more derived features than S. minor in addition to a larger size. This argues that S. minor and S. major are chronospecies. This new mammal lineage recognized in the Ouled Abdoun phosphate series is characterized by a rapid size increase, as for the proboscideans and probably in correlation with early-middle Ypresian global climatic warming events. We investigated relationships of Stylolophus in a new cladistic analysis based on an extended and revised matrix that includes new enamel microstructural features studied in Stylolophus. Resulting MPTs recover 1) basal relationships of Stylolophus within the Embrithopoda; 2) sister-group relationship of the Embrithopoda to the crown Tethytheria (Proboscidea, Sirenia); and 3) the clades Tethytheria and Paenungulata. It supports in particular that the order Embrithopoda is a basal tethytherian offshoot that rapidly evolved and specialized in parallel to the splitting and early evolution of extant tethytherian orders. Stylolophus shows that the ancestral embrithopod morphotype was already well specialized in the early Eocene and quite distinctive with respect to other paenungulates (e.g., hyperdilambdodonty, lingual hypoconulid, cristid obliqua very lingual on the trigonid, small and lingual hypoconulid lobe on M3, large paranasal sinuses, concave palate), even with respect to their earliest representatives. Stylolophus minor was larger than the contemporary proboscidean Phosphatherium escuilliei. Together with the stem tethytherian relationship of the Embrithopoda, it supports an old origin of the order, at least early in the Paleocene. This relationship is also most consistent with the evolution of the embrithopod hyperdilambdodont pattern from the dilambdodont and selenodont ancestral morphotype of the paenungulates, which is known in early hyracoids but not in proboscideans and sirenians, which have reduced the ectoloph. The most specialized embrithopods evolved hyperdilambdodonty in a pseudolophodont state in parallel to the true lophodonty of crown tethytherians. The Ouled Abdoun embrithopods further help indeed to show that the early Tertiary herbivorous niches of the African island favored convergent evolution of the folivorous diet in several paenungulate and tethytherian clades. At higher scale, convergence of African and Laurasian “ungulates” is supported by enamel microstructure of Stylolophus. The early and basalmost embrithopods S. minor and S. major, n. sp., are new evidence of the Arabo-African origin of the order.
Published: 2020

89. Versatile synthesis of cadalene and iso-cadalene from himachalene mixtures: Evidence and application of unprecedented rearrangements

Author: Mustapha Ait El Had, Abdelouahd Oukhrib, Martine Urrutigoïty, Remi Chauvin, Ahmed Benharref, Mohamed A. Zaki, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaires, Substances Naturelles et Réactivité, URAC16, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences, Semlalia, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Rearrangements, Bicyclic molecule, Cyclohexane, Hydride, Himachalenes, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), Dihydrocurcumene, Organic chemistry, Aromatic reactivity, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Cadalenes, 0210 nano-technology, Selectivity, Cadalene, Bond cleavage, Dichloromethane
Abstract: International audience; From a mixture of α-, β- and γ-himachalenes extracted from waste wood of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica), cadalene (1,6-dimethyl-4-isopropylnaphthalene) and iso-cadalene (1,6-dimethyl-3-isopropylnaphthalene) were produced in two steps with up to 71% ± 5% yield through the ar-himachalene intermediate using I2 and/or AlCl3 as reagents. The selectivity is shown to sharply depend on the operating conditions: while I2/AlCl3 in dichloromethane promotes the formation of cadalene, the formation of iso-cadalene is favored in the presence of AlCl3 in cyclohexane. The bicyclic aromatic compounds were thus obtained through unique rearrangements involving sequential CC bond cleavage/formation and hydride transfer processes. In the absence of AlCl3 or I2, dihydrocurcumene was also found to be formed with up to 70% selectivity. A tentative mechanism is proposed and discussed.
Published: 2020

90. Diastereoselective synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of new isoxazoles and pyrazoles with monoterpenic skeleton

Author: Jean-Claude Daran, Aziz Auhmani, Anthony Robert, Ali Oubella, Abdelkhalek Riahi, My Youssef Ait Itto, Hamid Morjani, M. Esseffar, Carol A. Parish, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire et Synthèse Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matrice extracellulaire et dynamique cellulaire - UMR 7369 (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Diastereoselectivity, Stereochemistry, Cytotoxicity, Pyrazole, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, DFT, Analytical Chemistry, Adduct, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cytotoxic T cell, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Isoxazole, Spectroscopy, Cycloaddition, 010405 organic chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Regioselectivity, Isoxazoles, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Pyrazoles
Abstract: International audience; New series of chiral isoxazoles and pyrazoles with monoterpenic skeleton, have been efficiently synthesized from naturally occurring (R)-Carvone, using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with arylonitrile oxides and diarylnitrilimines. The reaction showed high peri-, and regioselectivity. In the case of diarylnitrilimines, the reaction revealed to be highly diastereoselective. The structure of the newly synthesized adducts were fully established via spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallography. A succinct theoretical study was used to explain the diastereoselectivity experimentally observed. All the newly synthesized monoterpenic isoxazole and pyrazole derivatives were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human HT1080, MCF-7 and A-549 cancer cells.
Published: 2019

91. Review of the Cambrian volcanic activity in Morocco: geochemical fingerprints and geotectonic implications for the rifting of West Gondwana

Author: André Pouclet, J. Javier Álvaro, Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff, Abdelilah Fekkak, Mohammed Benharref, Hassan El Hadi, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Department of Genetics, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), and Université Chouaib Doukkali (UCD)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Moroccan Meseta, Continental rift, Lithosphere, Sedimentology, Intra-plate alkaline magmatism, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, Tholeiitic and transitional magmatism, Cambrian Atlas Rift, High Atlas, Craton, Gondwana, Volcano, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Structural geology, Primitive mantle, Anti-Atlas, Geology
Abstract: Volcanic activities related to the opening of a Cambrian rift in Morocco were widespread from the Fortunian to the Cambrian Epoch 3. Numerous data are available from northwestern volcanic sites, particularly in the western High Atlas, but they are scarce from the southeastern sites. New data are documented here from the volcanic formations exposed in the Jbel Tazoult n’Ouzina of the Tafilalt Province, eastern Anti-Atlas and dated to Cambrian Epoch 2–3. The Cambrian volcanic activities recorded in the High Atlas, Anti-Atlas, and Coastal Meseta are synthesized to refine their stratigraphic setting and to characterize their magmatic affinities and fingerprints. Six volcanic pulses are determined as tholeiitic, transitional, and alkaline suites. The tholeiitic and transitional magmas originated from primitive mantle and E-MORB-type sources with a spinel- and garnet-bearing lherzolite composition. Some of them were modified by assimilation–fractional crystallisation processes during crust–mantle interactions. The alkaline magmas fit with an OIB-type and a garnet-bearing lherzolite source. The palaeogeographic distribution of the magmatic suites was controlled by the lithospheric thinning of the Cambrian Atlas Rift and lithospheric constraints of the Pan-African metacraton and West African craton., This paper is a contribution to project CGL2013-48877-P from Spanish MINECO.
Published: 2018

92. Transient modeling of a salt gradient solar pond using a hybrid Finite-Volume and Cascaded Lattice-Boltzmann method: Thermal characteristics and stability analysis

Author: Ragui, Karim, Boutra, Abdelkader, Labsi, Nabila, Benkahla, Youb Khaled, El Mansouri, A., Hasnaoui, M., Amahmid, A., Bennacer, Rachid, Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie (LMT), and École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Convection, Materials science, Finite volume method, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 020209 energy, Flow (psychology), Lattice Boltzmann methods, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermal energy storage, 7. Clean energy, 6. Clean water, Solar pond, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 13. Climate action, Free surface, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: A two-dimensional numerical model is developed to simulate the behavior of a salt gradient solar pond (SGSP) of 1 × 1 × 1 m3. The numerical code takes into consideration double-diffusive convection in the pond, solar radiation absorption through the horizontal fluid layers, and allows an appropriate treatment of the boundary conditions at the water free surface. The transient evolution of the SGSP covers the first 5 days of July 2011 under weather conditions of Marrakesh – Morocco. The study aims to investigate qualitative and quantitative thermal performances of the considered pond. In addition, a stability analysis of the intermediate non-convective zone (NCZ) of the pond is performed. Flow velocities are solved using the Lattice-Boltzmann method with the Cascaded Multi-Relaxation-Time scheme (CMRT-LBM) while both temperature and salt concentration fields are computed by the Finite Volume (FV) approach. The obtained results show that the mean temperature in the heat storage zone (HSZ) increases each day with a rate around 5 °C. In the absence of heat extraction, the daily amount of energy accumulated in both heat storage zone and non-convective zone increases linearly during the simulation period to reach respectively 11.3 kWh and 5.9 kWh at the end of the simulation. The present study confirms the substantial capacity of storage in the SGSP and the ability of the elaborated model to describe the erosion of the non-convective zone by predicting the motion of its limiting interfaces.
Published: 2018

93. FD-LBM Simulation of thermosolutal convection generated in an inclined enclosure in the presence of Soret and Dufour effects

Author: Y. Dahani, A. Raji, H. Beji, Safae Hasnaoui, A. Amahmid, Mohammed Hasnaoui, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Laboratoire des technologies innovantes - UR UPJV 3899 (LTI), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), SIMO, Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Belarbi, R and Bennacer, R and ElGanaoui, and M and Mimet
Subjects: Convection, Materials science, Natural convection, Buoyancy, business.industry, Enclosure, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Computational fluid dynamics, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Mass transfer, 0103 physical sciences, Fluid dynamics, engineering, Constant (mathematics), business
Abstract: International Conference on Materials and Energy (ICOME), La Rochelle, FRANCE, MAY 17-20, 2016; International audience; An hybrid Lattice-Boltzman finite-difference method is proposed to assess the impact of the inclination angle of the cavity on thermosolutal natural convection of a binary fluid confined in a square cavity differentially heated and salted from two opposite walls with constant temperatures and concentrations. This method seems more flexible in implementing additional effects and apparently more efficient than the classical CFD methods. The study is conducted in the case of aiding buoyancy forces and many other controlling parameters. Results obtained showed important qualitative and quantitative effects of the governing parameters on fluid flow and heat and mass transfer characteristics. The heatlines and masslines concepts are also implemented to obtain additional details on heat and mass transfer processes. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2017

94. MRT-scheme applied to combined natural convection and thermal radiation in a cavity partially heated from one vertical side and cooled from above

Author: Mohammed Hasnaoui, A. Raji, A. El Mansouri, K. Rehhali, H. Beji, M. Alouah, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), SIMO, Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des technologies innovantes - UR UPJV 3899 (LTI), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Belarbi, R and Bennacer, R and ElGanaoui, and M and Mimet
Subjects: Convection, Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Natural convection, 02 engineering and technology, Rayleigh number, Mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Nusselt number, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Thermal radiation, 0103 physical sciences, Heat transfer, Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines
Abstract: International Conference on Materials and Energy (ICOME), La Rochelle, FRANCE, MAY 17-20, 2016; International audience; A two-dimensional modeling is performed to study natural convection coupled with radiation in a square cavity partially heated from one vertical side and cooled from above. The simulation of flow and heat transfer is achieved by adopting the MRT scheme of the Lattice-Boltzmann method. In this work we focus on qualitative and quantitative effects engendered by the coupling between the surface radiation and natural convection in the studied configuration. The obtained results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, heatlines and average Nusselt number. This preliminary study shows that the MRT-LBM method can be used to simulate faithfully the heat transfer by natural convection coupled to radiation. The contribution of the radiation to heat transfer should be considered since its effect is far from negligible, even more; it outweighs that of convection depending on the value of Rayleigh number. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2017

95. LBM simulation of stabilizing/destabilizing effects of thermodiffusion and heat generation in a rectangular cavity filled with a binary mixture

Author: Safae Hasnaoui, A. El Mansouri, H. Beji, Mohammed Hasnaoui, A. Raji, A. Amahmid, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), SIMO, Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire des technologies innovantes - UR UPJV 3899 (LTI), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Convection, General Chemical Engineering, Prandtl number, Lattice Boltzmann methods, Mechanics, Rayleigh number, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Lewis number, Thermophoresis, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], symbols.namesake, Heat generation, symbols, Internal heating
Abstract: International audience; A special case that stands out in thermosolutal convection is that for which the thermal and solutal convection forces are equal and generate opposite effects (N = -1). This antagonistic effect between the two buoyancy forces is expected to generate unpredictable and unique behaviors when combined with thermodiffusion and internal heating phenomena. The present numerical study is dedicated to this particular case considering a binary mixture confined in a vertical rectangular cavity with an aspect ratio A = 2. The lattice Boltzmann method with multiple relaxation time is used to analyze the effect of the control parameters which are the Soret parameter (Sr = -0.5, 0 and 0.5), and the internal to external Rayleigh numbers ratio (0
Published: 2021

96. Large-scale geographic patterns of mercury contamination in Morocco revealed by freshwater turtles

Author: François Brischoux, El Hassan El Mouden, Mohamed Said El Hassani, Xavier Bonnet, Marine Bonnet, Maud Brault-Favrou, Tahar Slimani, Paco Bustamante, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chelonian, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Drainage basin, chemistry.chemical_element, Fresh Water, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mining, Rivers, Biomonitoring, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Mauremys, 14. Life underwater, Mercury contamination, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Aquatic ecosystem, Mercury, General Medicine, Contamination, Hg, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Turtles, Mercury (element), Morocco, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Keratinized tissues, Environmental science, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Freshwater systems, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Mercury (Hg) is a toxic contaminant present in most aquatic ecosystems. High concentrations pose serious threats to organisms and to human health. Because previous studies focused on few countries, environmental hazard due to Hg contamination remains obscure in many geographic areas, and for example limited information is available in North Africa. We examined total Hg contamination in 13 sites in Morocco (12 rivers and one lake) spread over a large area, 400 km north–south and 350 km west–east, that encompasses different biogeographic zones separated by the Atlas Mountains. Due to their longevity and sedentary habits, we used freshwater turtles as biological probes to monitor Hg exposure. Keratinized tissues reflect long-term Hg exposure; thus, we assayed Hg concentration in the claws of > 200 individuals and supplemented these data with blood Hg concentrations of > 60 individuals (a tissue that provides shorter term Hg exposure integration). The results provide the first large-scale picture of Hg contamination in the aquatic freshwater systems of Morocco. Comparisons with previous studies revealed that some of the sites were highly contaminated (e.g. mean Hg concentrations were above 5 μg g⁻¹, a very high level in keratinized tissues) whereas other sites presented moderate or baseline levels. Unexpectedly, all highly contaminated sites were found in less densely populated areas, while more densely urbanized northern sites, even the sewers of large cities, were not highly contaminated. We hypothesize that silver mining activities in the southern High Atlas and in the Anti-Atlas contaminate rivers of the catchment basins over long distances. These findings indicate that fish, water consumption and contamination levels in local people should be further scrutinized.
Published: 2017

97. Devonian to Early Carboniferous magmatic alkaline activity in the Tafilalt Province, Eastearn Morocco: An Eovariscan episode in the Gondwana margin, north of the West African Craton

Author: Abdelilah Fekkak, André Pouclet, Hassan El Hadi, Mohammed Benharref, Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), and Université Chouaib Doukkali (UCD)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Paleozoic, Geochemistry, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Devonian, Gondwana, Craton, Sill, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Carboniferous, Viséan, Gondwana margin Anti-Atlas Morocco Intra-plate alkaline magmatism Devonian-Early Carboniferous Neovariscan Lamprophyres Camptonites, Late Devonian extinction, Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: (IF 1,326); International audience; To the eastern edge of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas, the Tafilalt Province is the repository of a Lower Palaeozoic platform and basin sedimentation constrained by a W-E and NW-SE fault network. During the mid-late Devonian, an extensional tectonic activity, demonstrated by sharp changes in sediment thickness and development of syn-sedimentary faults, was contemporaneous with a significant magmatic activity. A great number of doleritic dykes, sills, and laccoliths intruded sedimentary Silurian to Lower Visean strata. The intrusions were linked to sub-water volcanic activities with spilitic lava flows and pyroclastites during two main pulses in the Famennian-Tournaisian and in the Early Visean. The rocks consist of basaltic dolerites, lamprophyric dolerites and analcite-bearing camptonites, sharing a sodic alkaline magma composition. The magma derived from low partial melting degree of the metasome layer of the lithospheric subcontinental mantle, below the spinel-garnet transition zone. This Tafilalt tectono-magmatic activity was coeval with the Eovariscan phase in the Moroccan Meseta, which was responsible for the opening of Western Meseta basins and their transitional to alkaline volcanic activities in the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous time.
Published: 2017

98. Fault-Tolerant Saturated Control for T-S Fuzzy Discrete-Time Systems with Delays and Uncertainties

Author: Ait Ladel, Ayyoub, Benzaouia, Abdellah, Ouladsine, Mustapha, Outbib, Rachid, Pronostic-Diagnostic Et CommAnde : Santé et Energie (PECASE), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transferts (LAEPT), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

99. Stepwise Disaggregation of SMAP Soil Moisture at 100 m Resolution Using Landsat-7/8 Data and a Varying Intermediate Resolution

Author: Ojha, Nitu, Merlin, Olivier, Molero, Beatriz, Suere, Christophe, Olivera-Guerra, Luis, Ait Hssaine, Bouchra, Amazirh, Abdelhakim, Al Bitar, Ahmad, Escorihuela, Maria, Er-Raki, Salah, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences SEMLALIA (FSSM), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, isardSAT, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, European Commission Joint Research Centre : 645642, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], and Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech (FSTG)
Subjects: Intermediate spatial resolution, disaggregation, soil moisture, DISPATCH, SMAP, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Q, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Science
Abstract: International audience; Global soil moisture (SM) products are currently available from passive microwave sensors at typically 40 km spatial resolution. Although recent efforts have been made to produce 1 km resolution data from the disaggregation of coarse scale observations, the targeted resolution of available SM data is still far from the requirements of fine-scale hydrological and agricultural studies. To fill the gap, a new disaggregation scheme of Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) data is proposed at 100 m resolution by using the disaggregation based on physical and theoretical scale change (DISPATCH) algorithm. The main objectives of this paper is (i) to implement DISPATCH algorithm at 100 m resolution using SMAP SM and Landsat land surface temperature and vegetation index data and (ii) to investigate the usefulness of an intermediate spatial resolution (ISR) between the SMAP 36 km resolution and the targeted 100 m resolution. The sequential disaggregation approach from 36 km to ISR (ranging from 1 km to 30 km) and from ISR to 100 m resolution is evaluated over 22 irrigated field crops in central Morocco using in-situ SM measurements collected from January to May 2016. The lowest root mean square difference (RMSD) between the 100 m resolution disaggregated and in-situ SM is obtained when the ISR is around 10 km. Therefore, the two-step disaggregation is more efficient than the direct disaggregation from SMAP to 100 m resolution. Moreover, we propose a moving average window algorithm to increase the accuracy in the 100 m resolution SM as well as to reduce the low-resolution boxy artifacts on disaggregated images. The correlation coefficient between 100 m resolution disaggregated and in situ SM ranges between 0.5-0.9 for four out of the six extensive sampling dates. This methodology relies solely on remote sensing data and can be easily implemented to monitor SM at a high spatial resolution over irrigated regions.
Published: 2019

100. Physical and chemical phenomena occurring between solid ceramics and liquid metals and alloys at laser and plasma composite coatings formation: A review

Author: Bernard Pateyron, Lech Pawlowski, Soufiane Oukach, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et Energétique (LMFE), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, IRCER - Axe 2 : procédés plasmas et lasers (IRCER-AXE2), Institut de Recherche sur les CERamiques (IRCER), Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Nial, Materials science, Composite number, Hardfacing, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Carbide, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Materials Chemistry, Ceramic, Nichrome, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, computer.programming_language, Metal matrix composite, Metallurgy, Metals and Alloys, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0210 nano-technology, computer
Abstract: The review describes the physical and chemical phenomena occurring between solid ceramics used as reinforcement and liquid metals and alloys used as matrix in the composite coatings. Initially, the properties of typical matrix metals as Ni, Co, Fe and alloys as Ni-based (NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAlY,…) and Co-based (Stellites) alloys in liquid state are described. Then, the phenomena related to the diffusion of some atoms such as nitrogen or carbon in liquid metals and alloys solidification are described. Subsequently, the phenomena at the interface between liquid metals and alloys and solid ceramics such as oxides or carbides during the coatings' formation are reviewed. Finally, the methods of composite coatings deposition using laser cladding and plasma transferred arc are described and the properties of the composite coatings related to their microstructure are discussed by taking into account the phenomena in melt-pool.
Published: 2019

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