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Cancer therapy-induced bone loss (CTIBL), occurring especially in hormone-treated breast and prostate cancer patients, is a noteworthy long-term consequence of cancer treatments. Because of its negative impact on the quality life of cancer survivors, it deserves much attention. We here summarize the pathophysiology of CTIBL in breast and prostate cancer, its clinical presentation, management, and treatment., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most common and serious late complications of anticancer treatments. In the general population, metabolic syndrome is closely related to the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. In recent years, metabolic syndrome has gained attention as a crucial determinant of long-term cardiovascular risk in cancer survivors. Several risk factors have been associated with metabolic syndrome after cancer treatments, even if the pathophysiological mechanisms of this association are not fully understood. This chapter reviews the clinical features of metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors, analyzing in more detail patients treated with hormonal therapy and survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, who are burdened with a greater cardiovascular risk. Moreover, the role of lifestyle factors in the development of metabolic syndrome is discussed as well as the screening strategy for the early detection of metabolic alterations in cancer survivors. Finally, we discuss the available recommendations for cardiovascular risk assessment in cancer survivors and treatments for metabolic syndrome in this specific context., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Background: We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in 12 patients with advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer in the setting of daily clinical practice., Patients and Methods: The starting daily dose of lenvatinib was 24 mg, tapered in the case of adverse events. Disease status was periodically evaluated by a single radiologist and safety assessment was regularly performed., Results: After a median follow-up of 13.3 months, 6- and 12-month progression-free survival rates were 63.6% and 54.6%, respectively. Overall survival at 6 and 12 months was 83.3% and 75.0%. Partial response was observed in five patients, while two showed stable disease as their best response. Conversely, progressive disease at first radiological assessment was detected in four patients. All patients experienced at least one adverse event, including systemic and gastrointestinal toxicity, high blood pressure and hand-foot syndrome. In order to manage toxicity, transient drug interruption and dose reduction were required in 10 and 9 cases, respectively., Conclusion: Our data confirm lenvatinib efficacy in patients with advanced thyroid cancer, despite an important toxic profile., (Copyright© 2018, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)