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51. Percolation in a Multifractal

Author

Corso, G., Freitas, J. E., Lucena, L. S., and Soares, R. F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We build a multifractal object and use it as a support to study percolation. We identify some differences between percolation in a multifractal and in a regular lattice. We use many samples of finite size lattices and draw the histogram of percolating lattices against site occupation probability. Depending on a parameter characterizing the multifractal and the lattice size, the histogram can have two peaks. The percolation threshold for the multifractal is lower than for the square lattice. The percolation in the multifractal differs from the percolation in the regular lattice in two points. The first is related with the coordination number that changes along the multifractal. The second comes from the way the weight of each cell in the multifractal affects the percolation cluster. We compute the fractal dimension of the percolating cluster. Despite the differences, the percolation in a multifractal support is in the universality class of standard percolation.

Published
2002

52. Evidences for Tsallis non-extensivity on CMR manganites

Author

Reis, M. S., Freitas, J. C. C., Orlando, M. T. D., Lenzi, E. K., and Oliveira, I. S.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We found, from the analysis of $M$ vs. $T$ curves of some manganese oxides (manganites), that these systems do not follow the traditional Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, but the Tsallis statistics, within the \QTR{em}{normalized} formalism. Curves were calculated within the mean field approximation, for various ferromagnetic samples and the results were compared to measurements of our own and to various other authors published data, chosen at random from the literature. The agreement between the experimental data and calculated $M_{q}$ vs. $T^{\ast}$ curve, where $T^{\ast}$ is an effective temperature, is excellent for all the compounds. The entropic parameter, $q$, correlates in a simple way with the experimental value of $T_{c}$, irrespect the chemical composition of the compounds, heat treatment or other details on sample preparation. Examples include $q<1$ (superextensivity), $q=1$ (extensivity) and $q>1$ (subextensivity) cases., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures

Published
2001
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53. Reply to 'Comment on `Critical behavior of a two-species reaction-diffusion problem' '

Author

de Freitas, J. E., Lucena, L. S., da Silva, L. R., and Hilhorst, H. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

Our recent Monte Carlo results [Phys. Rev. E 61 (2000) 6330] for the one-dimensional reaction-diffusion process A+B->2B and B->A lead to the correlation length exponent estimate nu=2.21 +/- 0.05. In a comment on our work [cond-mat/0007366] the exact value is claimed to be nu=2. We reply that the arguments advanced in the comment fail to prove the claim., Comment: 2 pages, no figures

Published
2000
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54. The Strange Behavior of Critical Branched Polymers

Author

Aragao-Rego, H. H., de Freitas, J. E., Lucena, Liacir S., and Viswanathan, G. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We find that 2-dimensional (2-D) critical branched polymers with no impurities conclusively belong to the same universality class as 2-D random percolation clusters, although pure critical 3-D branched polymers do not belong to the 3-D percolation universality class. We find, moreover, that the fractal dimension of critical branched polymers in 2-D is independent of the presence of a random environment, and explore possible explanations for these strange results. We also report that when there are no impurities the critical branching probability in 3-D is bc=3.34e-4 +- 0.16e-4., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2000

55. First Aid and Cares in Spine Trauma

Author

Silva, Luís, de Freitas, J. M. Pinto, Mineiro, Jorge, van Dijk, C. Niek, editor, Neyret, Philippe, editor, Cohen, Moises, editor, Della Villa, Stefano, editor, Pereira, Helder, editor, Oliveira, J. Miguel, editor, and Espregueira-Mendes, João, Editor-in-chief

Published
2017
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58. Alternative identification of wood from natural fallen trees of the Lecythidaceae family in the Central Amazonian using FT-NIR spectroscopy.

Author

EUGENIO DA SILVA, C., NASCIMENTO, C. S., FREITAS, J. A., ARAÚJO, R. D., DURGANTE, F. M., ZARTMAN, C. E., NASCIMENTO, C. C., and HIGUCHI, N.

Subjects
WOOD, GENEALOGY, TROPICAL forests, SPECTROMETRY, NEAR infrared spectroscopy, MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization, CHEMOMETRICS
Abstract

Copyright of International Forestry Review is the property of Commonwealth Forestry Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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61. Roadmap on nanomedicine for the central nervous system

Author

Ciofani, G, Campisi, M, Mattu, C, Kamm, R, Chiono, V, Raynold, A, Freitas, J, Riva, E, Micera, S, Pucci, C, Novio, F, Lorenzo, J, Ruiz-Molina, D, Sierri, G, Re, F, Wunderlich, H, Kumari, P, Kozielski, K, Chami, M, Marino, A, Ferreira, L, Kamm, RD, Raynold, AAM, Freitas, JS, Riva, ER, Kozielski, KL, Ciofani, G, Campisi, M, Mattu, C, Kamm, R, Chiono, V, Raynold, A, Freitas, J, Riva, E, Micera, S, Pucci, C, Novio, F, Lorenzo, J, Ruiz-Molina, D, Sierri, G, Re, F, Wunderlich, H, Kumari, P, Kozielski, K, Chami, M, Marino, A, Ferreira, L, Kamm, RD, Raynold, AAM, Freitas, JS, Riva, ER, and Kozielski, KL

Abstract

In recent years, a great deal of effort has been undertaken with regards to treatment of pathologies at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, the presence of the blood-brain barrier acts as an obstacle to the delivery of potentially effective drugs and makes accessibility to, and treatment of, the CNS one of the most significant challenges in medicine. In this Roadmap article, we present the status of the timeliest developments in the field, and identify the outstanding challenges and opportunities that exist. The format of the Roadmap, whereby experts in each discipline share their viewpoint and present their vision, reflects the dynamic and multidisciplinary nature of this research area, and is intended to generate dialogue and collaboration across traditional subject areas. It is stressed here that this article is not intended to act as a comprehensive review article, but rather an up-to-date and forward-looking summary of research methodologies pertaining to the treatment of pathologies at the level of the CNS.

Published
2023

71. Does silicon attenuate PEG 6000-induced water deficit in germination and growth initial the seedlings corn

Author

Sousa, L. I. S., primary, Brito, A. E. A., additional, Souza, L. C., additional, Teixeira, K. B. S., additional, Nascimento, V. R., additional, Albuquerque, G. D. P., additional, Oliveira Neto, C. F., additional, Okumura, R. S., additional, Nogueira, G. A. S., additional, Freitas, J. M. N., additional, and Monteiro, G. G. T. N., additional

Published
2023
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79. Efficacy and Safety of Diode Laser Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation in Patients with Glaucoma

Author

Ribeiro M, Freitas JN, Lima-Fontes M, Leuzinger-Dias M, Silva MI, Araújo J, Estrela-Silva S, Melo AB, Tavares-Ferreira J, Alves F, and Barbosa-Breda J

Subjects
intraocular pressure, glaucoma, ocular hypotension, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, neovascular glaucoma, phthisis bulbi, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Margarida Ribeiro,1,2,&ast; João Nogueira Freitas,3,&ast; Mário Lima-Fontes,1 Mariana Leuzinger-Dias,1 Marta Inês Silva,1 Joana Araújo,1,4 Sérgio Estrela-Silva,1,4 António Benevides Melo,1,4 João Tavares-Ferreira,1 Flávio Alves,1 João Barbosa-Breda1,4– 6 1Department of Ophthalmology, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, Portugal; 2Department of Biomedicine – Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 3Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 4Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 5UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 6KULeuven, Research Group Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Margarida Ribeiro, Department of Ophthalmology – Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319, Portugal, Email margarida.ribeiro.guimaraes@gmail.comPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) at 2 years of follow up.Methods: This is a retrospective review of the records of all adult patients who underwent their first TSCPC treatment between 2014 and 2019 at Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, Portugal. Data regarding intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity, number of IOP-lowering medications, use of oral acetazolamide, retreatments and complications during a 2-year period following TSCPC were registered. The primary outcome was overall success at 2 years, defined as IOP≥ 6 and ≤ 21 mmHg, with at least 20% IOP reduction from baseline, with or without IOP-lowering medications (qualified and complete success, respectively), without the development of phthisis bulbi or loss of light perception due to glaucoma and no further glaucoma procedures except TSCPC retreatment.Results: Ninety-six eyes from 96 patients were included, mean age was 63 (± 14) years. Mean IOP at baseline was 39.1 (± 13.3) mmHg. Mean IOP reduction at 2 years was 18.5 (42.9%) mmHg (± 16.0, min − 16.0, max 56.0) (p < 0.001) and a significant reduction in the number of IOP-lowering medications and use of oral acetazolamide was observed. IOP reduction at 2 years was positively correlated with baseline IOP (r=0.682; p < 0.001). Overall success (including complete and qualified) was achieved in 42 patients (43.8%), with 34 (35.4%) presenting qualified success. Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) was the predominant diagnosis (n = 30, 31.3%), with a higher mean baseline IOP of 46.3 mmHg (± 11.8, min 21.0, max 70.0) and a larger mean IOP reduction at 2 years of 24.7 (51.0%) mmHg (± 16.4, min − 2.0, max 55.0). Thirteen patients (13.5%) developed persistent hypotony, eight of which converted to phthisis bulbi, of which half had NVG.Conclusion: TSCPC can be an effective IOP-lowering procedure, demonstrating a stronger effect when the preoperative IOP is highest. However, there is a wide variability in the effect (specially in eyes with NVG) and some relevant complications, including 8.3% of patients developing phthisis bulbi after 2 years of follow up.Keywords: intraocular pressure, glaucoma, ocular hypotension, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, neovascular glaucoma, phthisis bulbi

Published
2024

94. POS0564 SHOULD WE USE PHYSICIAN’S GLOBAL TO DEFINE REMISSION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND CONSIDER A SEPARATE PATIENT-CENTRED TARGET?

Author

Teixeira, R., primary, Saraiva, L., additional, Santos, E., additional, Barreira, S. C., additional, Ávila-Ribeiro, P., additional, Campos Costa, F., additional, Dinis de Freitas, J., additional, Araújo, F., additional, Freitas, R., additional, Marona, J., additional, Rodrigues-Manica, S., additional, Ferreira, J. F., additional, Couto, M., additional, Guerra, M., additional, Ferreira, R. J. O., additional, Da Silva, J. A. P., additional, and Duarte, C., additional

Published
2022
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97. Vertical breakdown of GaN on Si due to V-pits.

Author

Besendörfer, S., Meissner, E., Tajalli, A., Meneghini, M., Freitas, J. A., Derluyn, J., Medjdoub, F., Meneghesso, G., Friedrich, J., and Erlbacher, T.

Subjects
SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry, CATHODOLUMINESCENCE, ATOMIC force microscopy, ALUMINUM nitride, GALLIUM nitride, SILICON nitride
Abstract

Gallium nitride on silicon (GaN/Si) is an important technological approach for power electronic devices exhibiting superior performance compared to devices based on a pure silicon technology. However, the material defect density in GaN/Si is high, and identification of critical defects limiting device reliability is still only partially accomplished because of experimental difficulties. In this work, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and cathodoluminescence were employed to investigate commonly occurring epitaxial overgrown V-pits and inhomogeneous incorporation of oxygen and carbon across layer stacking in the vertical direction. These experiments identified V-pits as regions with higher n-type carrier concentrations and paths for vertical leakage through the buffer, as directly probed by conductive atomic force microscopy. The deleterious effect of V-pits on device performance is demonstrated by evaluating test devices fabricated on two wafers with significantly diverse density of buried V-pits induced by varying growth conditions of the aluminum nitride nucleation layer. A clear correlation between observed vertical breakdown and density of V-pits within the C-doped GaN layer below the device structures is obtained. Back-gating transient measurements also show that the dynamic device behavior is affected by the V-pit density in terms of the detrapping time constants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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98. Systematic Observation of Corner Kick Strategies in Portuguese Football Players

Author

Gouveia, V, Duarte, JP, Sarmento, H, Freitas, J, Rebelo-Gonçalves, R, Amaro, N, Matos, R, Antunes, R, Field, A, Monteiro, D, Gouveia, V, Duarte, JP, Sarmento, H, Freitas, J, Rebelo-Gonçalves, R, Amaro, N, Matos, R, Antunes, R, Field, A, and Monteiro, D

Abstract

Set pieces are important for the success of football teams, with the corner kick being one of the most game defining events. The aim of this research was twofold: (1) to analyze the corner kicks of a senior football amateur team, and (2) to compare the corner kicks of successful and unsuccessful teams (of the 2020/21 sporting season). In total, 500 corners were observed using a bespoke notational analysis tool, using a specific observational instrument tool (8 criteria; 25 categories). Out of the 500 corner kicks, 6% resulted in a goal. A greater number of direct corners using inswing trajectories were performed (n = 54%). Corners were delivered to central and front post areas most frequently (n = 79%). Five attackers were most predominantly used for offensive corners (n = 58%), but defenders won the ball more frequently (n = 44%). Attempts at goal occurred following a corner most commonly from outside of the box (n = 7%). Goals were scored most frequently with the foot (n = 16%) and head (n = 15%). Successful teams are more effective at reaching the attackers and score more goals directly from corners. Unsuccessful teams deliver more corner kicks out of play, the first touch is more frequently from the opposition defenders, and fewe goals are scored from corner kicks. The study provides an insight into the determining factors and patterns that influence corner kicks and success in football matches. This information should be used by coaches to prepare teams for both offensive and defensive corner kicks to increase team success and match outcomes.

Published
2022

99. The Encroaching Dunes of the Portuguese Coast. A Geohistorical Perspective

Author

Tudor, Mihaela, Ramos-Pereira, Ana, and Freitas, J. G.

Subjects
sand drifts, LIA, land uses, afforestation, dunes stabilization
Abstract

Late Holocenedunesmigration is intricately linked to climate change and anthropogenic actions. Along thePortuguesecoast, large-scale sand drifts occurred between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries, sometimes associated with the Little Ice Age (LIA) period, characterised by long-term cooling across the north Atlantic region. Primary historical sources, coupled with scientific data about paleoenvironmental conditions and OSL ages were used to analyse the spatial and temporal extent of the sand drift occurrences and explore their impact oncoastalcommunities. Covering the period of the past millennium, the study describes the main drivers for drift events inPortugal. The results show the intensification of sand drift episodes after 1500 AD, which can be attributed to both natural forcing factors and human activities (e.g., agriculture and intensive deforestation). It is also clear that human pressure onduneswas dominant after 1800, whendunesfixing strategies through afforestation programmes were seen as the best solution to control sandencroachment. The negative impact of the drift-sands was an important trigger for the management ofcoastalareas and determinant for the implementation of a set of environmental policies inPortugal. Through a geohistorical perspective, the paper discloses the human-nature interactions over time, and the long-term efforts of governments to control natural processes, contributing to large-scale landscape transformation of thePortuguesecoastaldunes.

Published
2022

100. The tale of TILs in breast cancer: A report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

Author

El Bairi, K., Haynes, H. R., Blackley, E., Fineberg, S., Shear, J., Turner, S., de Freitas, J. R., Sur, D., Amendola, L. C., Gharib, M., Kallala, A., Arun, I., Azmoudeh-Ardalan, F., Fujimoto, L., Sua, L. F., Liu, S. -W., Lien, H. -C., Kirtani, P., Balancin, M., El Attar, H., Guleria, P., Yang, W., Shash, E., Chen, I. -C., Bautista, V., Do Prado Moura, J. F., Rapoport, B. L., Castaneda, C., Spengler, E., Acosta-Haab, G., Frahm, I., Sanchez, J., Castillo, M., Bouchmaa, N., Md Zin, R. R., Shui, R., Onyuma, T., Husain, Z., Willard-Gallo, K., Coosemans, A., Perez, E. A., Provenzano, E., Ericsson, P. G., Richardet, E., Mehrotra, R., Sarancone, S., Ehinger, A., Rimm, D. L., Bartlett, J. M. S., Viale, G., Denkert, C., Hida, A. I., Sotiriou, C., Loibl, S., Hewitt, S. M., Badve, S., Symmans, W. F., Kim, R. S., Pruneri, G., Goel, S., Francis, P. A., Inurrigarro, G., Yamaguchi, R., Garcia-Rivello, H., Horlings, H., Afqir, S., Salgado, R., Adams, S., Kok, M., Dieci, M. V., Michiels, S., Demaria, S., Loi, S., Schelfhout, V., Arbzadeh, E., Bondanar, A., Reyes, S. A. G., Ruz, J. R., Kang, J., Xiang, L., Zimovjanova, M., Togores, P., Ozturk, T., Patil, A., Corpa, M., Whitehouse, A., Tan, B., de Paula, A., Rossetti, C., Lang-Schwarz, C., Mahon, S., Giacometti, C., Linderholm, B., Deman, F., Montagna, G., Gong, G., Pavcovich, M., Chaer, Y., Cabrero, I. A., de Brito, M. L., Ilieva, N., Fulop, A., Souza, M., Bilancia, D., Idowu, M., Johri, R., Szpor, J., Bachani, L., Schmitt, F., Giannotti, M., Kurebayashi, Y., Ramirez, B. E. A., Salido, E., Bortesi, L., Bonetto, S., Elomina, K., Lopez, P., Sharma, V., Edirisinghe, A., Mathur, D., Sahay, A., Mouloud, M. A., Giang, C. H., Mukolwe, E., Kiruka, E., Samberg, N., Abe, N., Brown, M., Millar, E., X. B., Li, Yuan, Z., Pasupathy, A., Miele, R., Luff, R., e Porfirio, M. M. A., Ajemba, O., Soni, R., Orvieto, E., Dimaio, M., Thomas, J., Merard, R., Subramaniam, M. M., Apolinario, T., Preda, O., Preda, R., Makanga, A., Maior, M. S., Li, L., Saghatchian, M., Saurine, T., Janssen, E., Cochran, J., Vlada, N., Cappellesso, R., Elfer, K., Hollick, M., Desai, S., Oner, G., Schreurs, A., Liu, S., Perera, R., Mercurio, P., Garcia, F., Hosny, K., Matsumoto, H., van Deurzen, C., Bianchini, G., Coban, I., Jahangir, A., Rahman, A., Stover, D., Luz, P., Martel, A., Waumans, Y., Stenzinger, A., Cortes, J., Dimitrova, P., Nauwelaers, I., Velasco, M., Fan, F., Akturk, G., Firer, M., Roxanis, I., Schneck, M., Wen, H., Cockenpot, V., Konstantinov, A., Calatrava, A., Vidya, M. N., Choi, H. J., Jank, P., Ciinen, A. H., Sabanathan, D., Floris, G., Hoeflmayer, D., Hamada, T., Laudus, N., Grigoriadis, A., Porcellato, I., Acs, B., Miglietta, F., Parrodi, J., Clunie, D., Calhoun, B., F. -I., Lu, Lefevre, A., Tabbarah, S., Tran, W., Garcia-murillas, I., Jelinic, P., Boeckx, C., Souza, S., Cebollero, M. C., Felip, E., Rendon, J. L. S., El Gabry, E., Saltz, J., Bria, E., Garufi, G., Hartman, J., Sebastian, M., Olofsson, H., Kooreman, L., Cucherousset, J., Mathieu, M. -C., Ballesteros-Merino, C., Siziopikou, P., Fong, J., Klein, M., Qulis, I. R. I., Wesseling, J., Bellolio, E., Araya, J. C., Naber, S., Cheang, M., Castellano, I., Ales, A., Laenkholm, A. -V., Kulka, J., Quinn, C., Sapino, A., Amendoeira, I., Marchio, C., Braybrooke, J., Vincent-Salomon, A., Korski, K. P., Sofopoulos, M., Stovgaard, E. I. S., Bianchi, S., Bago-Horvath, Z., Yu, C., Regitnig, P., Hall, S., Kos, Z., Sant, S., Tille, J. -C., Gallas, B., Bethmann, D., Savas, P., Mendes, L., Soler, T., van Seijen, M., Gruosso, T., Quintana, A., Giltnane, J., Van den Eynden, G., Duregon, E., de Cabo, R., Recamo, P. C., Gaboury, L., Zimmerman, J., Pop, C. S., Wernicke, A., Williams, D., Gill, A., Solomon, B., Thapa, B., Farshid, G., Gilham, L., Christie, M., O'Toole, S., Hendry, S., Fox, S. B., Luen, S. J., Lakhani, S. R., Fuchs, T., John, T., Brcic, I., Hainfellner, J., Sigurd, L., Preusser, M., Poortmans, P., Decaluwe, A., Carey, C., Colpaert, C., Larsimont, D., Peeters, D., Broeckx, G., van de Vijver, K., Buisseret, L., Dirix, L., Hertoghs, M., Piccart, M., Ignatiadis, M., Van Bockstal, M., Sirtaine, N., Vermeulen, P., de Wind, R., Declercq, S., Gevaert, T., Haibe-Kans, B., Nelson, B. H., Watson, P. H., Leung, S., Nielsen, T., Shi, L., Balslev, E., Thagaard, J., Almangush, A., Makitie, A., Joensuu, H., Lundin, J., Drubay, D., Roblin, E., Andre, F., Penault-Llorca, F., Lemonnier, J., Adam, J., Lacroix-Triki, M., Ternes, N., Radosevic-Robin, N., Klaushen, F., Weber, K., Harbeck, N., Gluz, O., Wienert, S., Cserni, G., Vingiani, A., Criscitiello, C., Solinas, C., Curigliano, G., Konishi, E., Suzuki, E., Yoshikawa, K., Kawaguchi, K., Takada, M., Toi, M., Ishida, M., Shibata, N., Saji, S., Kogawa, T., Sakatani, T., Okamoto, T., Moriya, T., Kataoka, T., Shimoi, T., Sugie, T., Mukohara, T., Shu, Y., Kikawa, Y., Kozuka, Y., Sayed, S., Rahayu, R., Ramsaroop, R., Senkus-Konefka, E., Chmielik, E., Cardoso, F., Ribeiro, J., Chan, J., Dent, R., Martin, M., Hagen, C., Guerrero, A., Rojo, F., Comerma, L., Nuciforo, P., Serrano, V. V., Camaea, V. P., Steenbruggen, T., Ciompi, F., Nederlof, I., Jan, Hudecek, van der Laak, J., van den Berg, J., Voorwerk, L., van de Vijver, M., de Maaker, M., Linn, S., Mckenzie, H., Somaiah, N., Tutt, A., Swanton, C., Hiley, C., Moore, D. A., Hall, J. A., Le Quesne, J., Jabbar, K. A., al Bakir, M., Hills, R., Irshad, S., Yuan, Y., Li, Z., Liu, M., Klein, J., Fadare, O., Thompson, A., Lazar, A. J., Gown, A., Lo, A., Garrido Castro, A. C., Madabhushi, A., Moreira, A., Richardson, A., Beck, A. H., Bellizzi, A. M., Wolff, A., Harbhajanka, A., Sharma, A., Cimino-Mathews, A., Srinivasan, A., Singh, B., Chennubhotla, C. S., Chauhan, C., Dillon, D. A., Zardavas, D., Johnson, D. B., Thompson, A. E., Brogi, E., Reisenbichler, E., Huang, E., Hirsch, F. R., Mcarthur, H., Ziai, J., Brock, J., Kerner, J., Zha, J., Lennerz, J. K., Carter, J. M., Reis-Filho, J., Sparano, J., Balko, J. M., Pogue-Geile, K., Steele, K. E., Blenman, K. R. M., Allison, K. H., Pusztai, L., Cooper, L., Estrada, V. M., Flowers, M., Robson, M., Rebelatto, M. C., Hanna, M. G., Goetz, M. P., Khojasteh, M., Sanders, M. E., Regan, M. M., Misialek, M., Amgad, M., Tung, N., Singh, R., Huang, R., Pierce, R. H., Leon-Ferre, R., Swain, S., Ely, S., Kim, S. -R., Bedri, S., Paik, S., Schnitt, S., D'Alfons, T., Kurkure, U., Bossuyt, V., Tong, W., Wang, Y., Dos Anjos, C. H., Gaire, F., Van Diest, P. J., El Bairi, Khalid [0000-0002-8414-4145], de Freitas, Juliana Ribeiro [0000-0003-4978-7273], Sur, Daniel [0000-0002-0926-4614], Amendola, Luis Claudio [0000-0002-6404-450X], Azmoudeh-Ardalan, Farid [0000-0003-4701-0532], Kirtani, Pawan [0000-0002-2343-7016], Yang, Wenxian [0000-0002-5349-9680], Castillo, Miluska [0000-0002-0111-3176], Provenzano, Elena [0000-0003-3345-3965], Mehrotra, Ravi [0000-0001-9453-1408], Ehinger, Anna [0000-0001-9225-7396], Rimm, David L [0000-0001-5820-4397], Bartlett, John MS [0000-0002-0347-3888], Denkert, Carsten [0000-0002-2249-0982], Hida, Akira I [0000-0002-4486-8819], Sotiriou, Christos [0000-0002-5745-9977], Hewitt, Stephen M [0000-0001-8283-1788], Badve, Sunil [0000-0001-8861-9980], Symmans, William Fraser [0000-0002-1526-184X], Goel, Shom [0000-0001-8329-9084], Francis, Prudence A [0000-0002-7207-9286], Horlings, Hugo [0000-0003-4782-8828], Salgado, Roberto [0000-0002-1110-3801], Demaria, Sandra [0000-0003-4426-0499], Loi, Sherene [0000-0001-6137-9171], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'anatomie pathologique, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Jean Perrin [Clermont-Ferrand] (UNICANCER/CJP), and UNICANCER

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], TRASTUZUMAB, Improved survival, MICROENVIRONMENT, Review Article, SUBTYPES, NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Ecology,Evolution & Ethology, PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE, Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacology (medical), TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES, Stage (cooking), RC254-282, Chemical Biology & High Throughput, 0303 health sciences, Human Biology & Physiology, Genome Integrity & Repair, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, ASSOCIATION, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biomarker (medicine), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Genetics & Genomics, medicine.medical_specialty, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, Predictive markers, 03 medical and health sciences, Signalling & Oncogenes, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, 692/53/2423, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, 030304 developmental biology, Computational & Systems Biology, Science & Technology, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, review-article, Cancer, 03.01. Általános orvostudomány, Immunotherapy, Tumour Biology, medicine.disease, PREDICTIVE-VALUE, 692/4028/67/1347, Programmed death 1, business, FREE SURVIVAL
Abstract

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC. ispartof: NPJ BREAST CANCER vol:7 issue:1 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2021
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