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Introduction: Pulmonary carcinoid tumour is low-grade neuroendocrine malignancy that is seen 1%2% of all lung neoplasms. Oncocytic carcinoid type is a rarely seen variant of pulmonary carcinoids. As carcinoid tumours have hypometabolic activity, they usually have lower 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake than expected for lung carcinoma on positron emission tomography (PET). Case Report: A 45-year-old non-smoking man had a stable solitary pulmonary nodule followed for 6years; the tumour remained the same size (1.5x2.4cm) during this period. The patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of repetitive sneezing and rhinorrhoea. He also experienced flushing and bronchospasm. His chest X-ray revealed a minimal increase in the size of the solitary pulmonary nodule (2.0x2.8cm). In PET-computed tomography (CT), the parenchymal nodule in the anterior segment of the right lung had a standard uptake value of 38.0mg/mL, which was interpreted as a malignant nodule. He underwent fibre-optic bronchoscopy, but cytology showed no evidence of malignancy. Right upper and middle bilobectomy was performed, and a pulmonary carcinoid tumour with an oncocytic subgroup was diagnosed. The diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome was further confirmed by an elevated 24-h urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. Conclusion: We present a rare case of an oncocytic carcinoid tumour with an increase in the size of a solitary pulmonary nodule after 6years' follow-up. In addition, PET-CT showed a very high 18F-FDG uptake in this patient, which is an unexpected finding with a pulmonary carcinoid tumour. Please cite this paper as: Turan O, Ozdogan O, Gurel D, Onen A, Kargi A and Sevinc C. Growth of a solitary pulmonary nodule after 6years diagnosed as oncocytic carcinoid tumour with a high 18F-FDG uptake in positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT). Clin Respir J 2013; 7: e1e5.

Although lungs are common sites for the occurrence of saprophytic or invasive mycosis as well as hydatid cyst, aspergilloma within a hydatid cyst is a rare occurrence. A 36-year-old immunocompetent male presented with hemoptysis episodes of about 1 year duration. Chest X-ray revealed a smooth countered mass lesion located in the upper part of lower lobe of lef lung. Surgical enucleation of the cyst wall was performed. Microscopic examination showed that the laminated membranes of hydatid cyst were invaded by septated fungal hyphea oriented with acute angles consistent with aspergillus. Herein, we report such a unique coexistence of hydatid cyst and aspergilloma, and emphasize possible complications depending on the immunostatus of the patient, if the aspergillus colonization is unnoticed in resected cystectomy material.

Pulmoner Blastom (PB), malign mezenkimal stromaya ve epitelyal komponente sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, PB’lu ikiolguyu irdeledik. Balgamda ARB pozitifliği olan ve medikal tedaviye rağmen toraks tomografisinde (TxBt) sağ akciğerüst lobda progrese kitle görülen hastanın, kitleden çalışılan frozen sonucu adenokarsinom gelmesi üzerine lobektomiyapıldı. Patoloji sonucu PB olarak geldi. İkinci olgunun TxBt’ sinde sağ akciğer üst lobda düzgün sınırlı 3.5 cmçapında kitleye rastlanmıştır. Florodeoksiglukoz-pozitron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografisinde (FDGPET/BT) kitlenin SUV max değeri 7.8 idi. Frozen sonucu yine adenokarsinom geldi. Lobektomi yapıldı. Patoloji raporuPB olarak geldi. PB’un kesin tedavi seçeneği cerrahi rezeksiyondur. Her iki olgu postoperatif 1. yılda olup tümörrekürrensi yoktur.&nbsp

A 43-year-old female who had dyspnea and had been diagnosed as myasthenia gravis was found to have a mass lesion of the anterior mediastinum that protruded to the left and contained calcified areas on radiological investigation. The patient was operated on with a preliminary diagnosis of thymoma. Macroscopically the tumoral lesion was 5x4.5 cm in size and was light tan, firm and solid without necrosis or hemorrhage. Histological investigation showed epithelial islands without atypical features scattered within large areas of hyalinized collagenous tissue and the presence of immature T lymphocytes some of which were TdT positive, which led to a preliminary diagnosis of sclerosing thymoma. Sclerosing thymoma is a rare type of thymoma and has first been reported in 1994. Since there are only a few reports in the literature detailed information on clinical features and pathogenesis is needed. The possibility of sclerosing thymoma should always be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal lesions with marked sclerosis that can lead diagnostic difficulties especially when evaluating small mediastinoscopic biopsies.

We report an incidental case of uterus-like mass located in the right ovary. A mass, measuring 7 mm in its largest dimension was noted in the right ovary of a 54-year-old women. Histologically, the lesion was resembling a miniature uterus with a cavity lined by a tubal-like epithelium, and surrounded with circumscribed smooth muscle bundles. Since 1981, 8 cases of uterus-like mass arising from the ovaries have been reported and their pathogenetic mechanism has been explained by two basic theories; congenital anomaly and metaplasia. The present case was incidentally found. The uterus was unicornus secondary to fusion defect of mullerian duct during embriogenesis supporting the congenital anomaly theory.

ÖZET İntrauterin gelişme geriliği (İUGG), düşük doğum ağırlığı ve elektif preterm doğumun önemli bir nedeni olarak bilinmektedir. İUGG' nin patogenezinde plasental sorunlar gibi pekçok faktör rol oynamaktadır. Bu prospektif çalışmanın amacı İUGG' nin patogenezinde trofoblastik proliferatif aktivite, tip 1 insulin benzeri büyüme faktörü reseptörü (İGF-IR) ve vasküler endoteliyal büyüme faktörünün (VEGF) rolünü araştırmaktır. İUGG ile sonuçlanan gebelik plasentaları (n=19) ile gestasyon haftasına uygun gelişim gösteren bebek plasentalarına (n=27) ait formalinde tespit edilmiş dokularda, immundokukimyasal yöntem için Ki-67, İGF-IR and VEGF antikorları kullanıldı. Ayrıca bu dokularda histopatolojik değerlendirme yapıldı ve hematoksilen-eozin boyalı kesitlerde, histolojik bulgular utero- plasental vasküler patolojiler, koagülasyon ilişkili patolojiler ve kronik enflamasyon olarak üç grupta kategorize edildi. Regresyon analizi sonucunda villöz trofoblastik İGF-IR immun boyanması, İUGG gösteren plasentalarda kontrol grubuna anlamlı oranda daha zayıf bulunurken (p