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82. Evoluzione fisica del delta padano

Author

Bondesan, Marco, DAL CIN, Renzo, Dazzi, R., Galeati, G., Minarelli, A., Russo, Paolo, Simeoni, Umberto, Todini, E., and Tomasino, M.

Published
1990

93. Ovarian hormones and fasting differentially regulate pituitary receptors for estrogen and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in rabbit female.

Author

Parillo, F., Zerani, M., Maranesi, M., Dall'Aglio, C., Galeati, G., Brecchia, G., Boiti, C., and González‐Mariscal, G.

Abstract

ABSTRACT To investigate the mechanisms by which caloric restriction affects reproductive function in female rabbits, we measured, in animals intact or ovariectomized (OVX) estrogen-primed and fed ad libitum or fasted for 48 h, the adenohypophysial expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR1) and gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) and the dynamic secretion of LH following GnRH stimulation. Fasting increased the number of GnRHR-immunoreactive (-IR) cells in intact animals, whereas reduced the density of ESR1-IR cells in OVX rabbits. Estrogen priming decreased the number of ESR1-IR cells in fasted and OVX animals. Ovariectomy increased the number of ESR1-IR cells in fed rabbits, but caused an opposite effect in both fed and fasted animals treated with estrogen. Fasting down regulated the mRNA levels for ESR1 and GnRHR. Estrogen-priming reduced the abundance for ESR1 mRNA in both fed and fasted rabbits, and that for GnRHR in fasted rabbits. Ovariectomy halved ESR1 mRNA levels independently of treatment and feeding condition, whereas increased ( P < 001) that for GnRHR in estrogen-primed rabbits. In all rabbits, an LH surge occurred 30 min after GnRH injection but the lowest levels were found in intact fasted rabbits and the highest in fasted, estrogen-primed animals. The LH profile was similar in intact and OVX rabbits and neither fasting nor estrogen priming modified it. In conclusion, fasting differentially modifies the ESR1 and GnRHR expression in the pituitary, depending on the presence of gonadal hormones, indicating complex interactions between metabolic signals and ovarian steroids. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:201-210, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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98. Boar Sperm Encapsulation Reduces In Vitro Polyspermy.

Author

Faustini, M., Bucco, M., Galeati, G., Spinaci, M., Villani, S., Chlapanidas, T., Ghidoni, I., Vigo, D., and Torre, M. L.

Subjects
BOARS, FERTILIZATION in vitro, SPERMATOZOA, GERM cells, MEDICAL microscopy, REPRODUCTION
Abstract

Contents A boar sperm encapsulation technology in barium alginate has been developed to enhance reproductive performances and spermatozoa preservation time; aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of in vitro sperm encapsulation on polyspermy as a function of storage time at 18°C. A total number of 40 in vitro fertilization (IVF) tests were performed using encapsulated or diluted spermatozoa (20 IVF each treatment). Overall, 1288 in vitro matured oocytes were fertilized with spermatozoa stored at 24, 48 or 72 h at 18°C for both treatments polyspermy and normospermy, and the non-penetration rates were assessed by optical microscopy. Results indicate a significant reduction in risk of polyspermic oocytes when spermatozoa are preserved in barium alginate membranes (incidence risk ratio: 0.766 with respect to diluted); such enhancement could be explained by lesser damage of sperm membranes achieved by encapsulation technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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99. Quality and Fertilizing Ability In Vivo of Sex-Sorted Stallion Spermatozoa.

Author

Mari, G., Rizzato, G., Merlo, B., Iacono, E., Bucci, D., Seren, E., Tamanini, C., Galeati, G., and Spinaci, M.

Subjects
REPRODUCTION, SPERMATOZOA, FERTILITY, HORSE artificial insemination, MITOCHONDRIA
Abstract

Contents Little information is available on the quality of stallion spermatozoa after sex sorting. The objectives of the present study were to assess the quality of sex-sorted stallion spermatozoa and determine its fertilizing ability after hysteroscopic low dose insemination. Ejaculates from four stallions were collected and sorted by a MoFlo SX® flow cytometer/sperm sorter. Before and after sorting, spermatozoa were evaluated for motility by Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis, viability (SYBR 14-propidium iodide), mitochondrial function (JC-1) and acrosomal status (fluorescein isothiocyanate Pisum sativum agglutinin conjugated). A fertility trial was carried out on four mares (seven oestrous cycles) by hysteroscopic insemination, depositing 5 × 106 X-bearing spermatozoa. Sex sorting resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in all motility characteristics. Sperm viability and percentage of spermatozoa with functional mitochondria were not affected by the sorting process, while the percentage of reacted spermatozoa was higher (p < 0.01) for non-sorted than sorted spermatozoa. Pregnancy rate was 28.6% (2/7) after low dose hysteroscopic insemination. Only one pregnancy was carried to term with the birth of a healthy filly. In conclusion, despite the reduction in sperm motility, sex sorting did not impair stallion sperm viability and mitochondrial activity immediately post-thaw; moreover, the sexed spermatozoa retained the ability to fertilize in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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