75 results on '"Gallello, Gianni"'
Search Results
52. A BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE PRESENCE OF MERCURY IN SYPHILITIC SKELETONS FROM POST-MEDIEVAL LONDON
- Author
-
Ponce, Paola, Gallello, Gianni, Handong Yang, M Luisa Cervera, and Morris, Adrienne
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Analysis of Sagunto Ibero-Roman votive bronze statuettes by portable X-ray fluorescence
- Author
-
Rubio-Barberá, Sonia, primary, Fragoso, Javier, additional, Gallello, Gianni, additional, Arasa, Ferran, additional, Lezzerini, Marco, additional, Hernández, Emilia, additional, Pastor, Agustín, additional, and de la Guardia, Miguel, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Rare Earth Elements (REE) analyses marking anthropogenic activities in archaeological strata
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, primary
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Archaeometric study of mortars from the Pisa’s Cathedral Square (Italy)
- Author
-
Lezzerini, Marco, primary, Raneri, Simona, additional, Pagnotta, Stefano, additional, Columbu, Stefano, additional, and Gallello, Gianni, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Characterization and sources of Paleolithic–Mesolithic ochre from Coves de Santa Maira (Valencian Region, Spain).
- Author
-
Aura Tortosa, J. Emili, Gallello, Gianni, Roldán, Clodoaldo, Cavallo, Giovanni, Pastor, Agustín, and Murcia‐Mascarós, Sonia
- Subjects
- *
MULTIVARIATE analysis , *RARE earth metals , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *RAW materials , *ANALYTICAL chemistry - Abstract
The origin of iron‐oxide materials found at Paleolithic and Neolithic sites in the Spanish Mediterranean region is a pivotal issue that has not yet been explored. The aim of this study is to investigate the exploitation of local ochre sources during the different archaeological phases identified at the site of Coves de Santa Maira (Valencian Region, Eastern Spain). A sampling strategy and a methodological approach were developed. Lumps of ochre and raw materials were sampled from the archaeological site and its surroundings. The archaeological materials studied are from the occupational phases dated to between 15 and 6 ka cal BP, whereas the raw materials sampled from the surroundings of the cave are red fine‐grained and earthy‐grained sedimentary materials and Late Triassic (Keuper) clays. Morphological, mineralogical, and chemical analyses of the samples were carried out, and quantitative data on ochre fragments and processing tools recovered at the site were also included. Finally, Fe‐normalized and log10 transformed data and multivariate statistical analysis, using major, trace, and rare earth elements as variables, were applied to compare the mineralogical and chemical profiles of the archaeological materials with those from geological sources. The results obtained have provided interesting data about iron‐based mineral exploitation during Prehistory in the studied region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
57. Chemical characterisation of cherts from the valley of Serpis river (Alcoy, Alicante) for archaeological purpose
- Author
-
Ramacciotti, Mirco, Gallello, Gianni, Pastor, Agustin, and García Puchol, Oreto
- Abstract
Mobility range and territorial control are central questions for Archaeology in the study of human groups’ life during Prehistoric Ages. A key point to get to grips with this set of problems is to understand the dynamics of supply of natural resources such as food and raw materials. Thus, the identification of the outcrops of chert and their characterisation is essential, due to the use of this particular rock as raw material for the production of several different tools. Since the nakedeye description of stone characters (colour, translucency, presence of carbonatation or patina, etc.) often lacks to identify different outcrops and to determine the provenance of a sample, in the last decades, scientists have tried to develop methods to improve the characterisation of this rock from the chemical, mineralogical and petrographic point of view [1,2]. This contribution shows the study of some chert varieties which were widely used since the Paleolithic by the inhabitants of the valley of Serpis river [3], in the southern part of the Valencian Community. Forty-three samples of Serrat, Mariola and Serreta chert were collected from different kinds of outcrops: from the wall rock, and from fluvial and colluvial deposits. The cortex or crust and the nucleus of each sample were mechanically separated and individually analysed to control the variability caused by the amount of cortex and consequently to develop a methodological approach that permits to identify different chert sources in a restricted area. For this purpose, Xray fluorescence and Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses have been carried out to determine major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements [4] of cherts affected by different depositional and post-depositional conditions. [1] Luedtke, An Archaeologist's Guide to Chert and Flint (1992) 172. [2] Skarpelis et al., J. Archaeolog. Sci.: Rep. 12 (2017) 819. [3] Molina Hernández, El sílex del Prebético y cuencas neógenas en Alicante y sur de Valencia :su caracterización y estudio aplicado al Paleolítico Medio, tesis doctoral (2015) 902. [4] Murray, Sediment. Geol. 90 (1994) 213.
- Published
- 2017
58. Análisis químicos no destructivos sobre cinco mangos de marfil de Época Ibérica
- Author
-
Blasco Martin, Marta, Mata Perreño, Consuelo, Soria Combadiera, Lucia, Gallello, Gianni, Pastor, Agustin, and Collado Mataix, Eva
- Abstract
Presentamos los análisis químicos realizados sobre un conjunto de cinco mangos de marfil época ibérica (s. VI – s. I a. C.). Son objetos con características técnicas, formales y decorativas muy similares entre sí, lo que que permite plantear una relación entre ellos en su proceso de producción. Sin embargo, fueron recuperados en cuatro yacimientos diferentes del área ibérica: los poblados de Turó de Montgròs (El Brull, Barcelona) y La Serreta (Alcoi, Alicante) y las necrópolis de El Cigarralejo (Mula, Murcia) y Coimbra del Barranco Ancho (Jumilla, Murcia), en esta última, se recuperaron dos de ellos. Todas las piezas, por sus contextos arqueológicos se datan entre el s. IV y principios del s. II a. C. Los análisis se llevaron a cabo con el objetivo de identificar la naturaleza y procedencia de las incrustaciones de carácter decorativo y la sustancia adherente todavía presentes en estos mangos. Si bien, en algunos de ellos, debido a su deteriorado estado de conservación, únicamente quedaban las improntas de las incrustaciones y no había restos aparentes de la sustancia de tono gris-negro que, presumiblemente, serviría para adherir las incrustaciones. Las piezas mejor conservadas son las recuperadas en lugares de hábitat. Los estudios se han realizado mediante técnicas no destructivas que no comprometiesen la integridad de las piezas. Así, se llevaron a cabo análisis por Fluorescencia de Rayos X (XRF), y por Espectrofotometría de Infrarrojo Cercano por Transformada de Fourier (FT-NIR). Todo ello se complementó mediante la revisión de los mangos con un microscopio electrónico de barrido equipado con un Sistema de Rayos X de Energía Dispersiva (SEM-EDAX-Sapphire), un microscopio óptico SMZ (NIKON) y un microscopio digital Dino-lite mod. AM7115MZT EDGE de 10x a 200x con una luz incidente por medio de un iluminador de fibra óptica y dotado de un software con funciones de medición integrales, para obtener imágenes de alta precisión. El análisis de XRF ha permitido identificar como estaño la sustancia empleada para adherir las incrustaciones decorativas en la pieza, empleando una técnica de tipo soldadura blanda. El FTNIR, por su parte, ha revelado que dichas incrustaciones fueron realizadas sobre resinas fósiles, muy probablemente ámbar. Estos resultados resultan totalmente novedosos dentro del mundo artesanal de época ibérica y, por tanto, de gran interés, evidenciando el valor de estas piezas en las que materias primas de presencia escasa en el mundo ibérico como son el marfil y el ámbar aparecen combinadas; así como el uso del estaño a modo de soldadura blanda nos revela procesos de manufactura no atestiguados hasta el momento en las industrias sobre materias duras de origen animal de la Edad del Hierro en la Península Ibérica. Cabe destacar que la realización de análisis químicos sobre piezas arqueológicas aporta datos específicos, prácticamente imposibles de obtener en un estudio macro o microscópico de los artefactos. Por ello, desde el proyecto proyecto “Madera, hueso, marfil, asta, concha ¿Artesanías marginales o marginadas?” (HAR2013-45770-P y ACOMP/2015/256) (financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y la Generalitat Valenciana) dirigido por la Dra. Consuelo Mata, se ha apostado por desarrollar estudios interdisciplinares, que impliquen el contacto y la comunicación entre distintos especialistas con la finalidad de conseguir resultados más sólidos y transversales.
- Published
- 2017
59. Rare Earth Elements to identify archaeological strata in the Cocina Cave
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, Ramacciotti, Mirco, Pastor, Agustin, García Puchol, Oreto, Diez, Agustin, McClure, Sarah B, and Juan Cabanilles, Joaquim
- Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) have been employed in a variety of different scenarios in order to identify the natural or anthropogenic nature of archaeological soils [1,2] . In this study, REE signatures were employed to better understand the layers formation in a cavity called Cocina cave, a large cavity of 300 m2 located at Barranco de la Ventana, one of the ravines flowing southwards from La Canal valley, a little plateau located in the municipality of Dos Aguas (Valencia, Spain). Cocina cave is characterized of very homogenous sediment deposition where it is difficult to understand layers formation processes just employing the traditional archaeological methods and the standardized soil analyses. The archaeological sequence encompasses last hunter-gatherer Holocene occupations in the regional sequence (Mesolithic) followed by several levels attributed to the Neolithic, Bronze Age and historic occupations until the XX century, these last regarding the use of the cavity as a pen. In order to understand the development history of the strata and the anthropogenic or natural formation of soils a total of fifty samples were taken across six different sections (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) and from each section the sampling was carried out at different depths through 1-2m deep sections. All samples were recovered from current pits excavated at the cavity corresponding with some profiles that encompass different strata including natural deposits and hunter and penning activities together with other possible uses not well defined from archaeological data. Several radiocarbon dates confirm the anthropogenic use of the cavity from the IX millennium cal BP to the contemporary times. Major, minor and trace elements including REE were determined employing XRF and ICP- MS. Results were then statistically processed and cross-referenced with archaeological data to aid interpretation. The results show that REE provide interesting details regarding the strata development history, and therefore help archaeologists to better understand the occupation, use and abandonment phases of the cave. [1] Pastor et al., TrAC 78 (2016) 48. [2] Gallello et al., JAS 40 (2013) 799.
- Published
- 2017
60. Testing a new methodological approach to define the use of dolerite outcrops for prehistoric tool production in Mediterranean Iberia
- Author
-
Orozco KÖHLER, Teresa, Gallello, Gianni, Pereira, Telmo, Terradas, Xavier, and Bicho, Nuno
- Abstract
A methodology based on the determination of mineral analysis has been developed to identify the origin of dolerite stone outcrops that were collected to fabricate lithic objects during Late Prehistory. Rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was also employed for the analysis of major elements. Samples from different natural outcrops and archaeological sites located in the Mediterranean area of Spain were studied to test the proposed methodological approach. The employed REE/PAAS ratios allow us to establish geochemical differences between dolerites collected from different areas in this geographical framework.
- Published
- 2017
61. Chemical characterisation of historic mortars to evaluate decay and construction phases
- Author
-
Ramacciotti, Mirco, Rubio, Sonia, Gallello, Gianni, Pastor, Agustin, Hernandez, Emilia, Morales, Angel, Lezzerini, Marco, Flors, Carla, and de la Guardia, Miguel
- Abstract
The chemical characterization of ancient mortars allowed the researchers to answer relevant questions about production technologies, raw materials supply, construction phases and state of decay. In this work one hundred and sixteen samples were collected from different structures during two archaeological excavations carried out in Sagunto’s city centre (Valencia, Spain). The studied area has been interested by several continuous phases of occupation since the Iberian Epoch (5th century BC) to the present times [1,2]. The samples were analysed employing X-ray fluorescence and Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine major and trace elements. The obtained data was statistically processed with Sagunto’s Castle mortar results [3], allowing us to identify the construction phases of most of the wall structures, confirming the particular effectiveness of Rare Earth Elements analysis to distinguish mortars from different periods. In conclusion, according to this data, the state of conservation of the different mortars has been evaluated. [1] Ripollés, Opulentissima Saguntum (2004) 165. [2] Monserrat, Arse 41 (2007) 231. [3] Gallello et al., Microchem. J. 132 (2017) 251.
- Published
- 2017
62. Análisis químicos de los sillares de arenisca del Castillo de Sagunto.
- Author
-
RAMACCIOTTI, Mirco, GALLELLO, Gianni, ARANEGUI GASCÓ, Carmen, HERNÁNDEZ, Emilia, and PASTOR, Agustín
- Subjects
X-ray fluorescence ,INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma spectrometry ,ANALYTICAL chemistry - Abstract
Copyright of Archivo de Prehistoria Levantina is the property of Museu de Prehistoria de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
63. Chert Nucleus and Cortex Characterization for Archaeological Provenance Study Tested in the Prebaetic System Region (Valencian Community, Spain).
- Author
-
Ramacciotti, Mirco, Gallello, Gianni, Pastor, Agustín, Diez Castillo, Agustín, and García Puchol, Oreto
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Western mediterranean archaeology: chemical element levels in archaeological materials as a methodological tool
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, Bernabeu, Joan, 1954, Pastor García, Agustín, Diez Castillo, Agustín, and Departament de Prehistòria i Arqueologia
- Subjects
sedimentos ,época tardorromana ,UNESCO::QUÍMICA ,química analítica ,CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO [UNESCO] ,cremación ,icp-oes ,QUÍMICA [UNESCO] ,CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO] ,época ibérica ,elementos traza ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Otras especialidades de la tierra, espacio o entorno ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO ,elementos mayoritarios ,restos óseos ,CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Otras especialidades de la tierra, espacio o entorno [UNESCO] ,bioarqueología ,metales pesados ,arqueometría ,paleodieta ,geoquímica ,inhumación ,icp-ms ,analizador de mercurio ,proceso tafonómico ,arqueología forense ,estadística multivariante ,diagénesis ,hg-afs ,tierras raras ,necrópolis - Abstract
Una línea de desarrollo de las investigaciones arqueométricas, objeto de nuestro estudio, que presenta un amplia gama de potenciales aplicaciones metodológicas, al día de hoy conocidas solo en parte, es el análisis de los elementos químicos metálicos y no metálicos, ya sean los elementos mayoritarios, los elementos trazas y, más recientemente, los conocidos como “tierras raras” (por su nombre en inglés, Rare Earth Elements - REEs), que se han revelado útiles en nuestro estudio para la solución de algunos problemas arqueológicos. La posibilidad de poder actuar de forma sistemática, ha ayudado, por un lado, a conocer y desarrollar el potencial de estos elementos y, por otro, ha servido de soporte para ofrecer la solución de problemas metodológicos en un conjunto de materiales arqueológicos muy heterogéneos, que contemplan en primer lugar el análisis de restos óseos procedentes tanto de cremaciones, como de inhumaciones, y con menor alcance los análisis de sedimentos arqueológicos y también tejidos humanos momificados y material asociado al contexto de sepultura como la madera de los ataúdes y los tejidos de las vestimentas. El objetivo general de este proyecto es investigar las potencialidades de los elementos metálicos y no metálicos a través del análisis de diferentes materiales arqueológicos, para concretar una serie de propuestas metodológicas experimentales aplicadas de manera específica teniendo en cuenta el material y el contexto arqueológico tratados. Al mismo tiempo, se propone una metodología analítica reproducible y precisa en los resultados que permitirá obtener un análisis estadístico significativo y fiable. Los objetivos específicos consisten en: Definir una estrategia para una correcta selección de muestras de huesos quemados e inhumados a través de la identificación de su perfil elemental por medio del análisis químico de tierras raras (REEs) elementos traza y elementos mayoritarios, desarrollando un método basado en el empleo de herramientas estadísticas para el control de los factores diagéneticos y un modelo de clasificación multivariante para la identificación de muestras de hueso con un perfil elemental biológico mejor conservado y así abordar estudios biológicos o de paleodieta, excluyendo las conclusiones erróneas inducidas por los factores diagéneticos. A raíz de la metodología desarrollada para el estudio de los huesos se han desarrollado ensayos metodológicos en diferentes materiales. Con el análisis de restos arqueológico-forenses se intenta concretar una estrategia para una correcta interpretación de los resultados de metales pesados (arsénico -As-, mercurio- Hg- y plomo-Pb-) en huesos y tejido humano momificado, desarrollando un método basado en la selección de muestras para el control de los factores diagenéticos y la identificación de muestras con valores de As, Hg y Pb antemortem mejor conservados, para así poder abordar estudios de arqueología-forense de casos de envenenamiento excluyendo conclusiones erróneas inducidas por procesos postmortem. Las técnicas empleadas están basadas en la espectrometría atómica. Principalmente se han muestreado huesos inhumados, quemados y suelos, y también tejidos humanos momificados, maderas y tejidos textiles, aunque estos últimos tres materiales están presentes en un número inferior de muestras. Se han utilizado técnicas de muestreo diferentes dependiendo del tipo de material y su estado de conservación. This dissertation has developed new methodological skills applied to archaeometry using Rare Earth Elements (REEs), major and trace elements analysis. The study of these chemical elements has revealed their potentiality, useful to solve different archaeological problems. A large number of samples have been collected (522) and around 1600 samples have been analyzed taking into account the dilutions and the different instruments employed. The capability to act consistently has helped to understand the behaviour of the elements and has provide the support to present new methodological proposals for a set of very heterogeneous and diachronic archaeological materials such as skeletal remains from inhumations, cremations and also sediments, mummified human tissues, wood and textiles.
- Published
- 2014
65. Gold-nanoparticles ingestion disrupts reproduction and development in the German cockroach
- Author
-
Small, Taika, primary, Ochoa-Zapater, M. Amparo, additional, Gallello, Gianni, additional, Ribera, Antonio, additional, Romero, Francisco M., additional, Torreblanca, Amparo, additional, and Garcerá, M. Dolores, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. Mineral soil composition interfacing archaeology and chemistry
- Author
-
Pastor, Agustin, primary, Gallello, Gianni, additional, Cervera, M. Luisa, additional, and de la Guardia, Miguel, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
67. Non-destructive analytical methods to study the conservation state of Apadana Hall of Persepolis
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, primary, Ghorbani, Shervin, additional, Ghorbani, Sharona, additional, Pastor, Agustin, additional, and de la Guardia, Miguel, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. Variación química intrasquelética relacionada a la diagénesis en los restos óseos de c/En Gil (Valencia)
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, primary, Scopa, Silvia, additional, Kuligowski, Julia, additional, Bartoli, Fulvio, additional, Malegni, Francesco, additional, and Pastor, Agustín, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. Clasificación por análisis mineral de cremaciones: la necrópolis ibérica de Las Peñas (Zarra, Valencia).
- Author
-
LARINI, Alessia, GALLELLO, Gianni, and PASTOR, Agustín
- Subjects
CREMATION ,MINERAL analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Archivo de Prehistoria Levantina is the property of Museu de Prehistoria de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
70. Niveles de plomo en los individuos de la necrópolis tardorromana de la c/ Virgen de la Misericordia (Valencia)
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, primary, Larini, Alessia, additional, Bartoli, Fulvio, additional, Mallegni, Francesco, additional, Díaz Pastor, Agustín, additional, and Diez Castillo, Agustín, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Aspectos arqueométricos en restos óseos. Ensayo metodológico
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni
- Published
- 2010
72. Lanthanides Revealing Anthropogenic Impact within a Stratigraphic Sequence
- Author
-
Gallello, Gianni, primary, Pastor, Agustín, additional, Diez, Agustín, additional, and Bernabeu, Joan, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. ASPECTOS DE PALEODIETA EN RESTOS ÓSEOS DE ÉPOCA TARDOANTIGUA HALLADOS EN LA NECRÓPOLIS DE LA BOATELLA EN VALENCIA (CAMPAÑA 2006-2007).
- Author
-
GALLELLO, Gianni
- Subjects
DIET ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL human remains ,CEMETERIES ,ROMAN Spain, 218 B.C.-414 A.D. ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL research ,HISTORY - Abstract
Copyright of Archivo de Prehistoria Levantina is the property of Museu de Prehistoria de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
74. Characterisation and Provenance of Archaeological Lithic Materials by Chemical Methods
- Author
-
Ramacciotti, Mirco, García Puchol, Oreto, Pastor García, Agustín, Gallello, Gianni, and Departament de Prehistòria i Arqueologia
- Subjects
procedencia ,ciencia arqueológica ,arqueología ,arqueometría ,materia prima ,UNESCO::HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología ,HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología [UNESCO] ,elementos de las tierras raras - Abstract
Esta tesis doctoral se ha realizado mediante un compendio de cinco trabajos publicados en revistas internacionales indexadas que incluyen los estudios arqueométricos de caracterización química llevados a cabo sobre los materiales arqueológicos de tipo lítico siguientes: las materias primas silíceas de la Comunidad Valenciana y los artefactos en sílex de la Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia), los materiales de construcción de la antigua ciudad de Sagunto y de su Castillo (morteros y sillares de roca carbonatada), y las ánforas conservadas en el Museo Arqueológico de Sagunto. En todos los estudios hemos desarrollado y optimizado enfoques basados en la caracterización de los materiales a través de los métodos propios de la química empleando sobre todo técnicas de espectroscopía atómica y molecular. En particular, tienen un papel central el análisis multielemental y los elementos de las tierras raras como marcadores de procedencia. La introducción a los trabajos se desarrolla en tres apartados. En el primero se expone un cuadro general de la ciencia arqueológica, indicando como nuestra investigación se inserta en la disciplina y explicando los principios de las técnicas analíticas y estadísticas empleadas. El segundo ofrece una rápida revisión sobre la utilización de enfoques arqueométricos para estudiar los diferentes materiales analizados en los artículos, además de ilustrar las problemáticas planteadas y las razones detrás del muestreo, así como la elección de determinados protocolos analíticos, con una reflexión sobre la calidad de los datos resultado del análisis multielemental. El tercer capítulo resume los resultados y las conclusiones de los trabajos, y propone posibles direcciones para investigaciones futuras. Finalmente, los cinco artículos están incluidos en los anexos. This doctoral thesis has been realised by the collection of five works published in international indexed journals which include archaeometric studies of chemical characterisation carried out on the following archaeological lithic materials: the siliceous raw materials of the Valencian Community and the chert artefacts of Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia), the building materials of the ancient city of Sagunto and of its Castle (mortars and carbonate rock ashlars), and the amphorae conserved in the Archaeological Museum of Sagunto. In each study we have developed and optimised approaches based on the characterisation of the materials by the methods of Chemistry especially using atomic and molecular spectroscopy techniques. In particular, a central role was held by multielement analysis and rare earth elements as provenance markers. The introduction to the works was developed in three sections. In the first one, we have shown the general framework of Archaeological Science, evidencing how our research places itself in the discipline and explaining the fundamentals of the used analytical and statistics techniques. The second chapter shows a short review on the use of archaeometric approaches for the study on the different materials analysed in the papers, displaying the considered issues and the reasons beyond the sampling, as well as the selection of certain analytical protocols, with a reflection on the quality of the data obtained by multielement analysis. The third chapter resumes the results and the conclusions of the works, and proposes possible direction of future reasearches. Finally, the five papers are included in the annexes.
- Published
- 2022
75. Poisoning histories in the Italian renaissance: The case of Pico Della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano
- Author
-
Giorgio Gruppioni, Lucio Calcagnile, Massimo Andretta, Stefano Benazzi, Patrizia Serventi, Alberto Marino, Fulvio Bartoli, Agustín Pastor, Gianni Gallello, Miguel de la Guardia, Elisabetta Cilli, Gallello, Gianni, Cilli, Elisabetta, Bartoli, Fulvio, Andretta, Massimo, Calcagnile, Lucio, Pastor, Agustin, de la Guardia, Miguel, Serventi, Patrizia, Marino, Alberto, Benazzi, Stefano, and Gruppioni, Giorgio
- Subjects
Radiocarbon dating ,Chronic exposure ,Macroscopic examination ,Male ,History ,Italian Renaissance ,Ancient history ,Bone and Bones ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Arsenic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Forensic Toxicology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arsenic Poisoning ,Angelo Poliziano ,Humans ,0601 history and archaeology ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,DNA, Ancient ,History, 15th Century ,Microscopy ,Ancient DNA ,060102 archaeology ,Spectrum Analysis ,Heavy metals ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,Mummies ,Pico della Mirandola ,Italy ,Girolamo benivieni ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Law - Abstract
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano were two of the most important humanists of the Italian Renaissance. They died suddenly in 1494 and their deaths have been for centuries a subject of debate. The exhumation of their remains offered the opportunity to study the cause of their death through a multidisciplinary research project. Anthropological analyses, together with documentary evidences, radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA analysis supported the identification of the remains attributed to Pico. Macroscopic examination did not reveal paleopathological lesions or signs related to syphilis. Heavy metals analysis, carried out on bones and mummified tissues, showed that in Pico's remains there were potentially lethal levels of arsenic, supporting the philosopher's poisoning theory reported by documentary sources. The arsenic concentrations obtained from analysis of Poliziano's remains, are probably more related to an As chronic exposure or diagenetic processes rather than poisoning.
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.