Search

Your search keyword '"Gillessen, Stefan"' showing total 227 results
Start Over Author "Gillessen, Stefan"
227 results on '"Gillessen, Stefan"'

51. GRAVITY faint: reducing noise sources in GRAVITY+ with a fast metrology attenuation system

Author

Widmann, Felix, primary, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Fabricius, Maximilian, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Gonté, Frédéric, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Shangguan, Jingyi, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Kreidberg, Laura, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Perraut, Karin, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Garcia, Paulo, additional, Hönig, Sebastian, additional, Defrère, Denis, additional, Bourdarot, Guillaume, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, More, Nikhil, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Uysal, Sinem, additional, and Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

52. The Young Stars in the Galactic Center

Author

von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D., primary, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, de Zeeuw, Tim, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Amaro Seoane, Pau, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Habibi, Maryam, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, and Young, Alice, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

53. GRAVITY plus Wide: Towards hundreds of z similar to 2 AGN

Author

Drescher, Antonia, Fabricius, Maximilian, Shimizu, Taro, Woillez, Julien, Bourget, Pierre, Widmann, Felix, Shangguan, Jingyi, Straubmeier, Christian, Horrobin, Matthew, Schuhler, Nicolas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonte, Frederic, Gillessen, Stefan, Ott, Thomas, Perrin, Guy, Paumard, Thibaut, Brandner, Wolfgang, Kreidberg, Laura, Perraut, Karine, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Garcia, Paulo, Honig, Sebastian, Defrere, Denis, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Genzel, Reinhard, Hartl, Michael, Haussmann, Frank, Lutz, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Rau, Christian, Sauter, Jonas, Uysal, Sinem, Wessely, Patrick, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wimmer, Lukas, Yazici, Senol, Merand, A, Sallum, S, and Sanchez-Bermudez, J

Subjects
Technology, Science & Technology, GRAVITY, Physical Sciences, Optics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, interferometry, Instruments & Instrumentation, near-infrared, wide-angle fringe tracking, VLTI
Abstract

ispartof: OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY AND IMAGING VIII vol:12183 ispartof: Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VIII Part of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation Conference location:CANADA, Montreal date:17 Jul - 22 Jul 2022 status: published

Published
2022

54. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author

Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

55. The Core of the Matter — Spatially Resolving Active Galactic Nuclei with GRAVITY

Author

GRAVITY Collaboration, Sturm, Eckhard, Cao, Yixian, Clenet, Yann, Davies, Ric, Dexter, Jason, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Gratadour, Damien, Hönig, Sebastian, Kishimoto, Makoto, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lutz, Dieter, Millour, Florentin, Netzer, Hagai, Perrin, Guy, Peterson, Brad, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pfuhl, Oliver, Prieto, M. Almudena, Rouan, Daniel, Santos, Daryl, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shimizu, Taro, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Waisberg, Idel, Woillez, Julien, De Zeeuw, Tim, Amorim, Antonio, Brandner, Wolfgang, Garcia, Paolo J. V., Gillessen, Stefan, Förster Schreiber, Natascha M., Ott, Thomas, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Straubmeier, Christian, Tacconi, Linda. J., Sternberg, Amiel, and Tristram, Konrad R. W.

Abstract

Thanks to the superb sensitivity and resolution of GRAVITY, ESO’s near-infrared beam combiner for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, our Large Programme study of the inner regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) has delivered several recent breakthroughs. We have spatially resolved the broad line region (BLR) for three nearby AGN, supporting the rotating disc model, directly measuring the masses of their supermassive black holes (SMBHs), and testing the BLR radius-luminosity (R-L) scaling relation. We have measured the hot dust sizes for eight AGN and fully imaged the hot dust structure for two AGN. Our dust sizes also test the hot dust R-L scaling relation, revealing the first evidence for luminosity-dependent deviations from the expected relation. The novel GRAVITY data provide unique insight into the physics around SMBHs. In addition, they test the basic assumptions behind mass measurements based on the R-L scaling relation and reverberation mapping, which is currently the only method for measuring black hole masses in large surveys and out to high redshift. Our observations provide an entirely new, independent method for measuring SMBH masses. With GRAVITY+, we will be able to vastly expand to both larger samples and higher redshifts with the ultimate goal of tracing black hole growth and galaxy coevolution through cosmic time., Published in The Messenger vol. 188, pp. 20-25, September 2022.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

56. GRAVITY upgrade with high-performance grisms with factor >2 enhanced throughput

Author

Yazici, Senol, primary, Sukegawa, Takashi, additional, Mayer, Martin, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Okura, Yukinobu, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Jocou, Laurent, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Buron, Alexander, additional, Huber, David, additional, Barl, Lothar, additional, Kravchenko, Kateryna, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Lapeyrere, Vincent, additional, Wiezorrek, Erich, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, de Zeeuw, Tim, additional, Bauböck, Michael, additional, Habibi, Maryam, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Jimenez Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Straub, Odele, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Eckart, Andreas, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Garcia, Paolo, additional, and Brandner, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

57. The ExoGRAVITY project: using single mode interferometry to characterize exoplanets

Author

Lacour, Sylvestre, primary, Wang, Jason J., additional, Nowak, Mathias, additional, Pueyo, Laurent A., additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Lagrange, A-M, additional, Mollière, Paul, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Amorin, António, additional, Asensio-Torres, R, additional, Baubock, Michi, additional, Benisty, Myriam, additional, Berger, Jean-Philippe, additional, Beust, Hervé, additional, Blunt, Sarah, additional, Boccaletti, Anthony, additional, Bohn, Alexander, additional, Bonnefoy, Mickael, additional, Bonnet, Henri, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Cantalloube, Faustine, additional, Caselli, Paola, additional, Charnay, Benjamin, additional, Chauvin, Gael, additional, Choquet, Elodie, additional, Christiaens, Valentin, additional, Clénet, Yann, additional, Cridland, Alex, additional, de Zeeuw, Tim, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Dexter, Jason, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, Duvert, Gilles, additional, gao, feng, additional, Garcia, Paulo, additional, Garcia-Lopez, Rebeca, additional, Gardner, Tyler, additional, Gendron, Eric, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Girard, Julien H., additional, Haubois, Xavier, additional, Heissel, Gernot, additional, Henning, Thomas, additional, Hinkley, Sasha, additional, Hippler, Stefan, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Houlle, Matthis, additional, Hubert, Zoltan, additional, Rosales, A. Jimenez, additional, Jocou, Laurent, additional, Kammerer, Jens, additional, Keppler, Miriam, additional, Kervella, Pierre, additional, Kreidberg, Laura, additional, Lapeyrere, Vincent, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Léna, Pierre, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Maire, Anne-Lise, additional, Mérand, Antoine, additional, Monnier, John, additional, Mouillet, David, additional, Muller, André, additional, Nasedkin, E., additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Otten, Gilles, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Rameau, Julien, additional, Rodet, Laetitia, additional, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, additional, Rousset, Gerard, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Straub, Odele, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Stolker, Tomas, additional, van Dishoeck, Ewine F., additional, Vigan, Arthur, additional, Vincent, Frederic, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Ward Duong, Kim, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Wiezorrek, Erich, additional, and Woillez, Julien, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

58. Dimensioning adaptive optics for future VLTI projects

Author

Patru, Fabien, primary, Millour, Florentin, additional, Lai, Olivier, additional, Carbillet, Marcel, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Haase, Maximilian, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Mandla, Christopher, additional, More, Nikhil, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Schubert, Josef, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Yazici, Senol, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

59. First four telescopes large-separation off-axis fringe-tracking interferometry with GRAVITY at the VLTI

Author

Gao, Feng, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Chazelas, Bruno, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Gonté, Frédéric Yves J., additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Garcia, Paulo J. V., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Amorim, António, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straub, Odèle, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, and Bolzer, Mari-lena, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

60. Static phase aberrations in near-IR interferometry and GRAVITY's determination of the galactic center distanceStatic phase aberrations in near-IR interferometry and GRAVITY's determination of the galactic center distance

Author

Stadler, Julia, primary, Perin, Guy, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Garcia, Paulo J., additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Bauböck, Michael, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straub, Odele, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Nowak, Mathias, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

61. Polarization analysis of GRAVITY and the VLTI

Author

Widmann, Felix, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Haubois, Xavier, additional, Amorim, António, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Dexter, Jason, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Garcia, Paulo J. V., additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straub, Odèle, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, and von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

63. Determining Subparsec Supermassive Black Hole Binary Orbits with Infrared Interferometry

Author

Dexter, Jason, primary, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Shimizu, T. Taro, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Davies, Richard I., additional, de Zeeuw, P. Tim, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Förster-Schreiber, Natascha M., additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Tacconi, Linda J., additional, and Widmann, Felix, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

65. First on-sky results of ERIS at VLT

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Kravchenko, Kateryna, Dallilar, Yigit, Absil, Olivier, Berbel, Alex Agudo, Baruffolo, Andrea, Bonse, Markus, Buron, Alexander, Cao, Yixian, Cortes, Angela, Dannert, Felix, Davies, Richard, De Rosa, Robert J., Deysenroth, Matthias, Doelman, David S., Eisenhauer, Frank, Esposito, Simone, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Förster Schreiber, Natascha, Gao, Xiaofeng, Gemperlein, Hans, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Ginski, Christian, Glauser, Adrian, Glindemann, Andreas, Grani, Paolo, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hartwig, Johannes, Hayoz, Jean, Heida, Marianne, Kenworthy, Matthew, Kolb, Johann, Kuntschner, Harald, Lutz, Dieter, Liu, Daizhong, MacIntosh, Mike, Marsset, Michael, Orban de Xivry, Gilles, Özdemir, Hakan, Puglisi, Alfio, Quanz, Sascha, Rau, Christian, Riccardi, Armando, Schuppe, Daniel, Snik, Frans, Sturm, Eckhard, Tacconi, Linda, Taylor, William D., and Wiezorrek, Erich

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

66. GRAVITY+ Wide: towards hundreds of z ~ 2 AGN

Author

Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Drescher, Antonia, Fabricius, Maximilian, Shimizu, Taro, Woillez, Julien, Bourget, Pierre, Widmann, Felix, Shangguan, Jinyi, Straubmeier, Christian, Horrobin, Matthew, Schuhler, Nicolas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonté, Frederic, Gillessen, Stefan, Ott, Thomas, Perrin, Guy, Paumard, Thibaut, Brandner, Wolfgang, Kreidberg, Laura, Perraut, Karine, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Garcia, Paulo, Hönig, Sebastian, Defrère, Denis, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Genzel, Reinhard, Hartl, Michael, Haussmann, Frank, Lutz, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Rau, Christian, Sauter, Jonas, Uysal, Sinem, Wessely, Patrick, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wimmer, Lukas, and Yazici, Senol

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

67. GRAVITY faint: reducing noise sources in GRAVITY+ with a fast metrology attenuation system

Author

Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Widmann, Felix, Gillessen, Stefan, Ott, Thomas, Shimizu, Taro, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Woillez, Julien, Gonté, Frédéric, Horrobin, Matthew, Shangguan, Jingyi, Yazici, Senol, Perrin, Guy, Paumard, Thibaut, Brandner, Wolfgang, Kreidberg, Laura, Straubmeier, Christian, Perraut, Karin, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Garcia, Paulo, Hönig, Sebastian, Defrère, Denis, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Drescher, Antonia, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Genzel, Reinhard, Hartl, Michael, Lutz, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Rau, Christian, Uysal, Sinem, and Wieprecht, Ekkehard

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

68. The ExoGRAVITY project: using single mode interferometry to characterize exoplanets

Author

Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Lacour, S., Wang, J. J., Nowak, Mathias, Pueyo, Laurent A., Eisenhauer, Frank, Lagrange, A.-M., Mollière, Paul, Abuter, Roberto, Amorin, António, Asensio-Torres, R., Baubock, Michi, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Beust, Hervé, Blunt, S., Boccaletti, Anthony, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Bonnet, Henri, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caselli, Paola, Charnay, Benjamin, Chauvin, Gael, Choquet, Élodie, Christiaens, Valentin, Clénet, Yann, Cridland, Alex, de Zeeuw, Tim, Dembet, Roderick, Dexter, Jason, Drescher, Antonia, Duvert, Gilles, Gao, Feng, Garcia-Lopez, Rebeca, Gardner, Tyler, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Girard, Julien H., Haubois, Xavier, Heissel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hinkley, Sasha, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Houlle, Matthis, Hubert, Zoltan, Jimenez Rosales, A, Jocou, Laurent, Kammerer, Jens, Keppler, Miriam, Kervella, Pierre, Kreidberg, Laura, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lutz, Dieter, Maire, Anne-Lise, Monnier, John, Mouillet, David, Muller, André, Nasedkin, E., Ott, Thomas, Otten, Gilles, Paladini, Claudia, Paumard, Thibaut, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy S., Pfuhl, Oliver, Rameau, Julien, Rodet, Laetitia, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rousset, Gerard, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shimizu, Taro, Stadler, Julia, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Stolker, Tomas, van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Vigan, Arthur, Vincent, Frederic, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Ward Duong, Kimb, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Lacour, S., Wang, J. J., Nowak, Mathias, Pueyo, Laurent A., Eisenhauer, Frank, Lagrange, A.-M., Mollière, Paul, Abuter, Roberto, Amorin, António, Asensio-Torres, R., Baubock, Michi, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Beust, Hervé, Blunt, S., Boccaletti, Anthony, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Bonnet, Henri, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caselli, Paola, Charnay, Benjamin, Chauvin, Gael, Choquet, Élodie, Christiaens, Valentin, Clénet, Yann, Cridland, Alex, de Zeeuw, Tim, Dembet, Roderick, Dexter, Jason, Drescher, Antonia, Duvert, Gilles, Gao, Feng, Garcia-Lopez, Rebeca, Gardner, Tyler, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Girard, Julien H., Haubois, Xavier, Heissel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hinkley, Sasha, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Houlle, Matthis, Hubert, Zoltan, Jimenez Rosales, A, Jocou, Laurent, Kammerer, Jens, Keppler, Miriam, Kervella, Pierre, Kreidberg, Laura, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lutz, Dieter, Maire, Anne-Lise, Monnier, John, Mouillet, David, Muller, André, Nasedkin, E., Ott, Thomas, Otten, Gilles, Paladini, Claudia, Paumard, Thibaut, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy S., Pfuhl, Oliver, Rameau, Julien, Rodet, Laetitia, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rousset, Gerard, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shimizu, Taro, Stadler, Julia, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Stolker, Tomas, van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Vigan, Arthur, Vincent, Frederic, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Ward Duong, Kimb, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, and Woillez, Julien

Abstract

Combining adaptive optics and interferometric observations results in a considerable contrast gain compared to single-telescope, extreme AO systems. Taking advantage of this, the ExoGRAVITY project is a survey of known young giant exoplanets located in the range of 0.1” to 2” from their stars. The observations provide astrometric data of unprecedented accuracy, being crucial for refining the orbital parameters of planets and illuminating their dynamical histories. Furthermore, GRAVITY will measure non-Keplerian perturbations due to planet-planet interactions in multi-planet systems and measure dynamical masses. Over time, repetitive observations of the exoplanets at medium resolution (R = 500) will provide a catalogue of K-band spectra of unprecedented quality, for a number of exoplanets. The K-band has the unique properties that it contains many molecular signatures (CO, H₂O, CH₄, CO₂). This allows constraining precisely surface gravity, metallicity, and temperature, if used in conjunction with self-consistent models like Exo-REM. Further, we will use the parameter-retrieval algorithm petitRADTRANS to constrain the C/O ratio of the planets. Ultimately, we plan to produce the first C/O survey of exoplanets, kick-starting the difficult process of linking planetary formation with measured atomic abundances.

Published
2020

69. GRAVITY+ adaptive optics (GPAO) tests in Europe

Author

Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Millour, Florentin, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Berdeu, Anthony, Houllé, Mathis, Berio, Philippe, Paumard, Thibaut, Defrère, Denis, Garcia, Paulo, Soulez, Ferreol, Hoenig, Sebastian, Allouche, Fatmé, Bachbucher, Martin, Bailet, Christophe, Blanchard, Cyrille, Boebion, Olivier, Bonnet, Henri, Brara, Amit, Carbillet, Marcel, Czempiel, Stephan, Delboulbé, Alain, Dembet, Roderick, Edouard, Clémence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Furchstsam, Christoph, Gillessen, Stefan, Goldbrunner, Armin, Gomes, Tiago, Gouvvret, Carole, Guieu, Sylvain, Hartl, Mike, Hartwig, Johannes, Haussmann, Frank, Huber, David, Ibn Taïeb, Ihsan, Kolb, Johann, Lagarde, Stéphane, Lai, Olivier, Leftley, James, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Marcotto, Aurélie, Nowacki, Hugo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Rau, Christian, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Scigliuto, Jules, Soller, Franz, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Schuppe, Daniel, Stadler, Eric, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekherhard, Woillez, Julien, and Yazici, Şenol

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

70. A Detection of Sgr A* in the Far Infrared.

Author

von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D., Gillessen, Stefan, Graciá-Carpio, Javier, Fritz, Tobias K., Dexter, Jason, Bauböck, Michi, Ponti, Gabriele, Feng Gao, Habibi, Maryam, Plewa, Philipp M., Pfuhl, Oliver, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, Waisberg, Idel, Widmann, Felix, Ott, Thomas, Eisenhauer, Frank, and Genzel, Reinhard

Published
2020

71. Imagerie spectro-interférométrique du noyau de η Car avec l'instrument GRAVITY : images de la zone de collision de vent dans les raies Br γ et He I avec une résolution de la milli-seconde d'arc

Author

Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Weigelt, Gerd, Bestenlehner, Joachim M., Kervella, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Henning, Thomas, Müller, André, Perrin, Guy, Pott, Jorg-Uwe, Schöller, Markus, Van Boekel, Roy, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caratti O Garatti, Alessio, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Élodie, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coude Du Foresto, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Garcia, Paulo J. V., Garcia-Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Huber, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johann, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Mérand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Muller, Ewald, Muller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose Ricardo, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), CENTRA Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), University of Exeter, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Leiden University, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), European Space Agency (Baltimore) Space Telescope Science Institute (ESA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Universidade do Porto, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
INSTRUMENTATION: HAUTE RESOLUTION ANGULAIRE, IMAGERIE STELLAIRE, BINARY STAR, MASS LOSS, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION, INSTRUMENTATION: INTERFEROMETRES, ETOILE: PERTE DE MASSE, STAR IMAGING, INTERFEROMETER, ETOILES BINAIRES, MASSIVE STAR, ETOILES MASSIVES
Abstract

International audience; Context. η Car is one of the most intriguing luminous blue variables in the Galaxy. Observations and models of the X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and infrared emission suggest a central binary in a highly eccentric orbit with a 5.54 yr period residing in its core. 2D and 3D radiative transfer and hydrodynamic simulations predict a primary with a dense and slow stellar wind that interacts with the faster and lower density wind of the secondary. The wind-wind collision scenario suggests that the secondary’s wind penetrates the primary’s wind creating a low-density cavity in it, with dense walls where the two winds interact. However, the morphology of the cavity and its physical properties are not yet fully constrained.Aims. We aim to trace the inner ∼5–50 au structure of η Car’s wind-wind interaction, as seen through Brγ and, for the first time, through the He I 2s-2p line.Methods. We have used spectro-interferometric observations with the K-band beam-combiner GRAVITY at the VLTI. The analyses of the data include (i) parametrical model-fitting to the interferometric observables, (ii) a CMFGEN model of the source’s spectrum, and (iii) interferometric image reconstruction.Results. Our geometrical modeling of the continuum data allows us to estimate its FWHM angular size close to 2 mas and an elongation ratio ϵ = 1.06 ± 0.05 over a PA = 130° ± 20°. Our CMFGEN modeling of the spectrum helped us to confirm that the role of the secondary should be taken into account to properly reproduce the observed Brγ and He I lines. Chromatic images across the Brγ line reveal a southeast arc-like feature, possibly associated to the hot post-shocked winds flowing along the cavity wall. The images of the He I 2s-2p line served to constrain the 20 mas (∼50 au) structure of the line-emitting region. The observed morphology of He I suggests that the secondary is responsible for the ionized material that produces the line profile. Both the Brγ and the He I 2s-2p maps are consistent with previous hydrodynamical models of the colliding wind scenario. Future dedicated simulations together with an extensive interferometric campaign are necessary to refine our constraints on the wind and stellar parameters of the binary, which finally will help us predict the evolutionary path of η Car.; Contexte : η Car est une des étoiles brillantes bleues variables les plus intrigante de notre galaxie. Les observations et les modèles des émissions X, UV et optique et IR suggèrent qu'une étoile binaire avec une orbite fortement excentrique de période 5,54 ans réside au centre de son coeur. Les simulations hydrodynamiques et de transfert radiatif 2D et 3D prédisent la présence d'une étoile primaire avec vent stellaire dense et lent, qui interagit avec le vent de densité moindre et plus rapide de l'étoile secondaire. Ce scénario de collision vent-vent suggère que le vent de l'étoile secondaire pénètre dans le vent de l'étoile primaire, créant dans ce dernier une cavité de faible densité, avec des murs denses où les deux vents interagissent. Cependant, la morphologie de cette cavité et ses propriétés physiques ne sont pas encore pleinement contraints.Objectifs. Nous visons à déterminer la structure interne de l’interaction vent-vent de Car dans une zone allant de 5 à 50 Unités Astronomiques, telle que vue à travers Br γ et, pour la première fois, à travers la transition 2s-2p de He I.Méthodes : Nous avons utilisé des observations spectro-interférométriques du combineur de faisceaux en bande K de GRAVITY au VLTI. Les analyses des données comprennent: (i) un ajustement de modèle paramétrique aux observables interférométriques, (ii) un modèle CMFGEN du spectre de la source, et (iii) des reconstructions d'image interférométriques.Résultats : Notre modélisation géométrique des données du continuum nous permet d'estimer sa taille angulaire FWHM proche de 2 mas et son coefficient d'allongement de 1,06 ± 0,05 sur un PA = 130° ± 20°. Notre modélisation CMFGEN du spectre nous a permis de confirmer que le rôle de l'étoile secondaire devrait être pris en compte pour reproduire correctement les émissions Br γ et He I observées. Les images spectrales dans la bande Br γ révèle une caractéristique semblable à un arc au sud-est, peut-être associé aux vents chauds post-choc circulant le long du mur de la cavité. Les images dans la bande He I 2s-2p ont servi à contraindre la structure de la région d'émission de la transition, avec une résolution de 20 millisecondes d'arc (50 UA). La morphologie observée de He I suggère que l'étoile secondaire est responsable de l'ionisationproduisant le profil de raie. Les deux images (en Br γ et He I 2s-2p) sont compatibles avec les modèles hydrodynamiques précédents du scénario de vent en collision. De futures simulations dédiées ainsi qu’une vaste campagne interférométrique sont nécessaires pour affiner nos contraintes sur le vent et les paramètres stellaires de la binaire, ce qui nous aidera enfin à prédire le chemin évolutif de η Car.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

72. A Detection of Sgr A* in the Far Infrared

Author

von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D., primary, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Graciá-Carpio, Javier, additional, Fritz, Tobias K., additional, Dexter, Jason, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Ponti, Gabriele, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Habibi, Maryam, additional, Plewa, Philipp M., additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Waisberg, Idel, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, and Genzel, Reinhard, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

73. Improving GRAVITY towards observations of faint targets

Author

Widmann, Felix, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, primary, Gillessen, Stefan, primary, Perrin, Guy, primary, Brandner, Wolfgang, primary, Straubmeier, Christian, primary, Perraut, Karine, primary, Amorim, António, primary, Schoeller, Markus, primary, Gao, Feng, primary, Genzel, Reinhard, primary, Waisberg, Idel, primary, Lacour, Sylvestre, primary, Lippa, Magdalena, primary, Ott, Thomas, primary, Plewa, Philipp, primary, Pfuhl, Oliver, primary, and Karl, Martina, primary

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

74. Learnings from the use of fiber optics in GRAVITY

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, primary, Blind, Nicolas, primary, Gillessen, Stefan, primary, Kok, Yitping, primary, Pfuhl, Oliver, primary, Haug, Marcus, primary, Kellner, Stefan, primary, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, primary, Genzel, Reinhard, primary, Haussmann, Frank, primary, Ott, Thomas, primary, Plattner, Markus, primary, Rau, Christian, primary, Sturm, Eckhard, primary, Wiezorrek, Erich, primary, Buron, Alexander, primary, Perrin, Guy, primary, Perraut, Karine, primary, Brandner, Wolfgang, primary, Straubmeier, Christian, primary, Amorim, António, primary, Lacour, Sylvestre, primary, Jocou, Laurent, primary, and Hans, Oliver, primary

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

75. What stellar orbit is needed to measure the spin of the Galactic centre black hole from astrometric data?

Author

Waisberg, Idel, primary, Dexter, Jason, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Plewa, Phillip M, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Habibi, Maryam, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, and Genzel, Reinhard, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

76. Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula

Author

Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gerard

Abstract

This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observed a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for theta(1) Ori B, theta(2) Ori B, and theta(2) Ori C. We determined a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for theta(1) Ori A, theta(1) Ori C, theta(1) Ori D, and theta(2) Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refined the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary theta(1) Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for theta(1) Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 M-circle dot and a period of 53 days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about two, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints toward a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We excluded collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion.

Published
2018

77. First light for GRAVITY: Phase referencing optical interferometry for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Author

Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Azouaoui, N., Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Burtscher, L., Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Janssen, A., Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kok, Y., Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Fredrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Weber, J., Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, Amorim, A., Anugu, N., Ávila, G., Clenet, Y., Coudé Du Foresto, V., de Zeeuw, P., Deen, C., Esselborn, M., Dabo, C, Gonte, F., Grözinger, U., Henning, Th, Le Bouquin, J.-B, Lèna, P., Lévêque, S., Mérand, A., Muller, E., Muller, F., Phan Duc, T., Ramírez, A., Garcia Dabo, E., Henning, Th., Le Bouquin, B., Plewa, M., European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), Institute Patology and Imunology Molecular, Fac Ciencias, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Brain Mind Institute (BMI - EPFL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Departamento de Control Automático (CINVESTAV-IPN), Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Universidade do Porto, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), GRAVITY Collaboration, European Southern Observatory ( ESO ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève ( ObsGE ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie ( MPIA ), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics ( MPE ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Chatillon ), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, European Space Agency ( ESA ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] ( ESO ), University of Porto, Center for Brain Simulation, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Technische Universität Dresden ( TUD ), Departamento de Control Automático ( CINVESTAV-IPN ), Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute ( CINVESTAV-IPN ), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universiteit Leiden, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Astrophysics, ÉTOILE DOUBLE, OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, INSTRUMENTATION OPTIQUE, INSTRUMENTATION, instrumentation: interferometers, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, Galaxy: center, Galactic Center, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrometry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], quasars: emission lines, Interferometry, EMISSION LINE, Closure phase, binaries: symbiotic, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, CENTER, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, FOS: Physical sciences, stars: pre-main sequence, instrumentation: adaptive optics, QUASAR, 010309 optics, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, INTERFEROMETERS, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), CENTRE GALACTIQUE, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ADAPTIVE OPTICS, Very Large Telescope, Astronomy and Astrophysics, First light, GALAXY, Space and Planetary Science, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

GRAVITY is a new instrument to coherently combine the light of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer to form a telescope with an equivalent 130 m diameter angular resolution and a collecting area of 200 m$^2$. The instrument comprises fiber fed integrated optics beam combination, high resolution spectroscopy, built-in beam analysis and control, near-infrared wavefront sensing, phase-tracking, dual beam operation and laser metrology [...]. This article gives an overview of GRAVITY and reports on the performance and the first astronomical observations during commissioning in 2015/16. We demonstrate phase tracking on stars as faint as m$_K$ ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than m$_K$ ~ 15 mag with a limiting magnitude of m$_K$ ~ 17 mag, minute long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5{\deg}, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of better than 10 microarcseconds ({\mu}as). The dual-beam astrometry, measuring the phase difference of two objects with laser metrology, is still under commissioning. First observations show residuals as low as 50 {\mu}as when following objects over several months. We illustrate the instrument performance with the observations of archetypical objects for the different instrument modes. Examples include the Galactic Center supermassive black hole and its fast orbiting star S2 for phase referenced dual beam observations and infrared wavefront sensing, the High Mass X-Ray Binary BP Cru and the Active Galactic Nucleus of PDS 456 for few {\mu}as spectro-differential astrometry, the T Tauri star S CrA for a spectro-differential visibility analysis, {\xi} Tel and 24 Cap for high accuracy visibility observations, and {\eta} Car for interferometric imaging with GRAVITY., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 23 pages, 23 figures, corresponding author: F. Eisenhauer

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

78. First Light for GRAVITY: A New Era for Optical Interferometry

Author

Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), ONERA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Universität zu Köln, University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), and Universidade do Porto

Subjects
COPHASAGE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, LONG-BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY, IMAGERIE INTERFEROMETRIQUE, 01 natural sciences, INTERFEROMETRIC IMAGING, VLTI, PHASE TRACKING, ASTROMETRY, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, ASTROMETRIE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

With the arrival of the second generation instrument GRAVITY, the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) has entered a new era of optical interferometry. This instrument pushes the limits of accuracy and sensitivity by orders of magnitude. GRAVITY has achieved phase-referenced imaging at approximately milliarcsecond (mas) resolution and down to ~ 100-microarcsecond astrometry on objects that are several hundred times fainter than previously observable. The cutting-edge design presented in Eisenhauer et al. (2011) has become reality. This article sketches out the basic principles of the instrument design and illustrates its performance with key science results obtained during commissioning: phase-tracking on stars with K ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than K ≳ 17 mag, minute-long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of a few microarcseconds (μas)., Published in The Messenger vol. 170, pp. 10-15, December 2017.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

79. Probing the gas density in our Galactic Centre: moving mesh simulations of G2

Author

Steinberg, Elad, primary, Sari, Re'em, additional, Gnat, Orly, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Plewa, Philipp, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Habibi, Maryam, additional, Waisberg, Idel, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Dexter, Jason, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, and Rosales, Alejandra Jimenez, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

80. Improving GRAVITY towards observations of faint targets.

Author

Widmann, Felix, Eisenhauer, Frank, Perrin, Guy, Brandner, Wolfgang, Straubmeier, Christian, Perraut, Karin, Amorim, Antonio, Schöller, Markus, Feng Gao, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Karl, Martina, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lippa, Magdalena, Ott, Thomas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Plewa, Philipp, and Waisberg, Idel

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

81. ERIS, first generation becoming second generation, or re-vitalizing an AO instrument

Author

Cortes, Angela, primary, Davies, Richard, additional, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Wiezzorek, Erich, additional, Schubert, Josef, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Plattner, Markus, additional, Huber, Heinrich, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Förster-Schreiber, Natascha, additional, Buron, Alexander, additional, Di Rico, Gianluca, additional, Di Cianno, Amico, additional, Valentini, Angelo, additional, Dolci, Mauro, additional, Salasnich, Bernardo, additional, Fantinel, Daniela, additional, Baruffolo, Andrea, additional, Xompero, Marco, additional, Riccardi, Armando, additional, Puglisi, Alfio, additional, Mannucci, Filippo, additional, Giordano, Christophe, additional, Ferruzzi, Debora, additional, Esposito, Simone, additional, Cresci, Giovanni, additional, Carbonaro, Luca, additional, Briguglio, Runa, additional, Biliotti, Valdemaro, additional, Agapito, Guido, additional, Kenworthy, Matthew, additional, Keller, Christoph, additional, Snik, Frans, additional, Schmid, Hans Martin, additional, Quanz, Sascha, additional, March, Stephen, additional, Kuehn, Jonas, additional, Glauser, Adrian, additional, Kuntschner, Harald, additional, Kasper, Markus, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Dorn, Reinhold, additional, Jeroen, Heijmans, additional, Biller, Beth, additional, Waring, Christopher, additional, Taylor, William, additional, Pearson, David, additional, MacIntosh, Mike, additional, Lunney, David, additional, Lightfood, John, additional, Henry, David, additional, and Gao, Xiaofeng, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

82. The metrology system of the VLTI instrument GRAVITY

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazıcı, Şenol, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haußmann, Frank, additional, Huber, David, additional, Kratschmann, Tobias, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Plattner, Markus, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Waisberg, Idel, additional, Wiezorrek, Erich, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, and Amorim, Antonio, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

83. Update on the Sgr A*/G2 Collison from Chandra and VLA

Author

Haggard, Daryl, Baganoff, Frederick K., Ponti, Gabriele, Heinke, Craig O., Nanda Rea, Neilsen, Joseph, Nowak, Michael, Markoff, Sera, Yusef-Zadeh, Farhad, Roberts, Douglas A., Brinkerink, Christaan, Law, Casey J., Cotton, William D., Gillessen, Stefan, Schulz, Norbert S., and Connors, Riley

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext High Energy Astrophysics Division, 14th Meeting Chicago, Illinois, 17-21 August 2014

Published
2014

84. MASSES OF NEARBY SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES WITH VERY LONG BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY

Author

Haystack Observatory, Doeleman, Sheperd Samuel, Fish, Vincent L., Johannsen, Tim, Psaltis, Dimitrios, Gillessen, Stefan, Marrone, Daniel P., Ozel, Feryal, Haystack Observatory, Doeleman, Sheperd Samuel, Fish, Vincent L., Johannsen, Tim, Psaltis, Dimitrios, Gillessen, Stefan, Marrone, Daniel P., and Ozel, Feryal

Abstract

Dynamical mass measurements to date have allowed determinations of the mass M and the distance D of a number of nearby supermassive black holes. In the case of Sgr A*, these measurements are limited by a strong correlation between the mass and distance scaling roughly as M ~ D [superscript 2]. Future very long baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations will image a bright and narrow ring surrounding the shadow of a supermassive black hole, if its accretion flow is optically thin. In this paper, we explore the prospects of reducing the correlation between mass and distance with the combination of dynamical measurements and VLBI imaging of the ring of Sgr A*. We estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of near-future VLBI arrays that consist of five to six stations, and we simulate measurements of the mass and distance of Sgr A* using the expected size of the ring image and existing stellar ephemerides. We demonstrate that, in this best-case scenario, VLBI observations at 1 mm can improve the error on the mass by a factor of about two compared to the results from the monitoring of stellar orbits alone. We identify the additional sources of uncertainty that such imaging observations have to take into account. In addition, we calculate the angular diameters of the bright rings of other nearby supermassive black holes and identify the optimal targets besides Sgr A* that could be imaged by a ground-based VLBI array or future space-VLBI missions allowing for refined mass measurements., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AST-0908731), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AST-0905844), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AST-0807843)

Published
2015

85. Probing the gas density in our Galactic Centre: moving mesh simulations of G2.

Author

Steinberg, Elad, Sari, Re'em, Gnat, Orly, Gillessen, Stefan, Plewa, Philipp, Genzel, Reinhard, Eisenhauer, Frank, Ott, Thomas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Habibi, Maryam, Waisberg, Idel, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Dexter, Jason, Bauböck, Michi, and Jimenez Rosales, Alejandra

Subjects
AEROMETES, LIGHT curves, ULTRAVIOLET astronomy, ASTRONOMICAL spectroscopy, SIMULATION methods & models
Abstract

The G2 object has recently passed its pericentre passage in our Galactic Centre.While the Brγ emission shows clear signs of tidal interaction, the change in the observed luminosity is only of about a factor of 2, in contention with all previous predictions. We present high-resolution simulations performed with the moving mesh code, RICH, together with simple analytical arguments that reproduce the observed Brγ emission. In our model, G2 is a gas cloud that undergoes tidal disruption in a dilute ambient medium.We find that during pericentre passage, the efficient cooling of the cloud results in a vertical collapse, compressing the cloud by a factor of ∼5000. By properly taking into account the ionization state of the gas, we find that the cloud is UV starved and are able to reproduce the observed Brγ luminosity. For densities larger than ≈500 cm-3 at pericentre, the cloud fragments due to cooling instabilities and the emitted radiation is inconsistent with observations. For lower densities, the cloud survives the pericentre passage intact and its emitted radiation matches the observed light curve. From the duration of Brγ emission that contains both redshifted and blueshifted components, we show that the cloud is not spherical but rather elongated with a size ratio of 4 at year 2001. The simulated cloud's elongation grows as it travels towards pericentre and is consistent with observations, due to viewing angles. The simulation is also consistent with having a spherical shape at apocentre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

86. THE GALACTIC CENTER CLOUD G2 AND ITS GAS STREAMER

Author

Pfuhl, Oliver, primary, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Plewa, Philipp M., additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Ballone, Alessandro, additional, Schartmann, Marc, additional, Burkert, Andreas, additional, Fritz, Tobias K., additional, Sari, Re'em, additional, Steinberg, Elad, additional, and Madigan, Ann-Marie, additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

87. Sub-Bogenminuten-genaue Positionen von TeV-Quellen mit H.E.S.S

Author

Gillessen, Stefan

Subjects
530 Physics
Abstract

Gamma-Strahlen-Experimente, die die abbildende Cherenkov-Technik verwenden, haben eine relativ moderate Winkelaufloesung von typischerweise 0.05 Grad bis 0.1 Grad pro Ereignis. Der Schwerpunkt einer Punktquelle kann allerdings wesentlich genauer bestimmt werden. Bei starken Quellen kann der statistische Fehler nur wenige Bogensekunden betragen. Fuer H.E.S.S. sollte deshalb die systematische Ungenauigkeit der Teleskopausrichtung in der gleichen Groessenordnung liegen. Es ist dabei nicht notwendig, die Ausrichtung der Teleskope aktiv mit der gleichen Genauigkeit zu steuern, da man eine eventuelle Fehlausrichtung bei der Analyse beruecksichtigen kann. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, dass man die gewuenschte Bogensekunden-Genauigkeit mittels einer zweistufigen Korrektur erreichen kann: Ein mechanisches Modell wird verwendet, um die Abweichungen der Ausrichtung vorherzusagen, und eine Feinkorrektur kann ermittelt werden, indem man Sternpositionen in einem Leitfernrohr mit CCD-Kamera bestimmt. Bevor die Korrekturen verwendet werden, werden angemessene systematische Fehler bestimmt. Fuer die Daten des Jahres 2003 liegt der Wert bei 10'' bis 20''. Schlie"slich werden die Positionen von drei Quellen untersucht: A.) Der AGN PKS~2155-304 dient als ultimative Kontrolle, da er eine Punktquelle mit genau bekannter Position ist. B.) Die Position des Crab-Nebels wird mit den Erwartungen aus Roentgenmessungen verglichen. C.) Es wird gezeigt, dass das TeV-Signal aus Richtung des galaktischen Zentrums mit hoeherer Wahrscheinlichkeit von Sgr A* als von Sgr A East kommt.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

89. The GRAVITY instrument software/high-level software

Author

Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Anugu, Narsireddy, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Fedou, Pierre, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Lapeyrere, Vincent, additional, Kervella, Pierre, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Pozna, Eszter, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, and Schöller, Markus, additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

90. The GRAVITY metrology system: narrow-angle astrometry via phase-shifting interferometry

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haußmann, Frank, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Hofmann, Reiner, additional, Huber, S., additional, Huber, David, additional, Senftleben, Stefanie, additional, Pflüger, Andreas, additional, Greßmann, Roland, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, and Schöller, Markus, additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

91. The GRAVITY instrument software/hardware related aspects

Author

Ott, Thomas, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Anugu, Narsireddy, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Fedou, Pierre, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Huber, Stefan, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Schöller, Markus, additional, and Abuter, Roberto, additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

92. GRAVITY: the impact of non-common optical paths within the metrology system

Author

Kok, Yitping, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, and Hans, Oliver, additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

94. Learnings from the use of fiber optics in GRAVITY

Author

Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Lippa, Magdalena, Gillessen, Stefan, Blind, Nicolas, Kok, Yitping, Perraut, Karine, Jocou, Laurent, Eisenhauer, Frank, Pfuhl, Oliver, Haug, Marcus, Kellner, Stefan, Haußmann, Frank, Plattner, Markus, Rau, Christian, Hans, Oliver, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Ott, Thomas, Wiezorrek, Erich, Sturm, Eckhard, Buron, Alexander, Lacour, Sylvestre, Genzel, Reinhard, Perrin, Guy, Brandner, Wolfgang, Straubmeier, Christian, and Amorim, Antonio

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

95. Improving GRAVITY towards observations of faint targets

Author

Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Widmann, Felix, Eisenhauer, Frank, Perrin, Guy, Brandner, Wolfgang, Straubmeier, Christian, Perraut, Karin, Amorim, Antonio, Schöller, Markus, Gao, Feng, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Karl, Martina, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lippa, Magdalena, Ott, Thomas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Plewa, Philipp, and Waisberg, Idel

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

99. The GRAVITY spectrometers: metrology laser blocking system

Author

Araujo-Hauck, Constanza, primary, Fischer, Sebastian, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Wiest, Michael, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Wank, Imke, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Amorim, António, additional, and Eckart, Andreas, additional

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

100. GRAVITY: metrology

Author

Gillessen, Stefan, primary, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Haußmann, Frank, additional, Kister, Clemens F., additional, Moch, David, additional, and Thiel, Markus, additional

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results