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Traffic flow forecasting, as an integral part of intelligent transportation systems, plays a critical part in traffic planning. Previous studies have primarily focused on short-term traffic flow prediction, paying insufficient attention to long-term prediction. In this study, we propose a hybrid model that utilizes variational mode decomposition (VMD) and the auto-correlation mechanism for long-term prediction. In view of the periodic and stochastic characteristics of traffic flow, VMD is able to decompose the data into intrinsic mode functions with different frequencies, which in turn helps the model extract the internal features of the data and better capture the changes of traffic flow data in the cycle. Additionally, we improve the residual structure by adding a convolutional layer to propose a correction module and use it together with the auto-correlation mechanism to jointly build an encoder and decoder to extract features from different data components (intrinsic mode functions) and fuse the extracted features for output. To meet the requirements of long-term forecasting, we set the traffic flow forecast length to 4 levels: 96, 192, 336, and 720. We validated our model using the departure statistics dataset of a taxi parking lot at Beijing Capital International Airport and achieved the best prediction performance in terms of mean squared error and mean absolute error, compared to the baseline model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BiFeO3, a typical single-phase multiferroic material, has received extensive attention due to its rich physical properties and broad application prospects in the field of multifunctional devices. In this work, impacts of transition metal Cr ion doping on the structure, morphology, multiferroicity, and bandgap of BiFeO3 thin films deposited on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) and fluorine-doped tin oxide/glass substrates by a sol–gel process were investigated. The results indicate that such a BFCO thin film presents excellent physical, chemical properties and good stability. XRD patterns confirm that the pristine BiFeO3 and BiFe1−xCrxO3 (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09) matched well with the perovskite structure. Micro-morphologies indicate that the introduction of Cr ions improved efficiently the quality of the thin films. The optical measurement shows that the fundamental absorption edges of Cr-doped BiFeO3 exhibit a redshift with the increase of Cr amount, and the optical bandgaps decrease from 2.3 to 2.1 eV. The study of magnetic characterization shows that the magnetization was improved by the introduction of Cr, illustrating that BFCO thin films can be better applied in modern high-performance photovoltaic and memory devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pentabismuth trititanium iron pentadecaoxide (Bi5Ti3FeO15, BTFO), which is a multiferroic four-layer Aurivillius phase compound, has received much attention in recent years. In this work, the BTFO and Bi5Ti3Fe0.5Ni0.5O15 (BTFNO) films grown on Pt (200 nm)/TiO2 (50 nm)/SiO2 (500 nm)/Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The microstructure, morphology, ferroelectricity, and ferromagnetism of the films were studied at room temperature. It can be seen from the X-ray diffraction diagrams that BTFO and BTFNO films match well with the perovskite structure without other oxide phases. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that BTFNO films exhibit uniform fine grains and higher density, which is instrumental for the development of ferroelectric properties. Therefore, under the electric field strength of 1116 kV/cm, the remnant polarization of BTFNO films (2Pr = 23.32 μC/cm2) is larger than that of BTFO thin films at room temperature. Furthermore, compared with BTFO films, the saturation magnetization (2Ms) of BTFNO films is significantly enhanced. It demonstrated that BTFNO films show not only excellent ferroelectricity but also good ferromagnetism, which provides potential applications in information storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiferroic materials have been widely used in novel multifunctional smart devices for their excellent magnetoelectric coupling properties. In this work, a three-layer multiferroic (Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3–Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4)3 heterojunction was fabricated using a sol–gel process followed with a rapid thermal process. The phase composition, microtopography as well as magnetoelectric coupling properties of the heterojunction were investigated at room temperature. It demonstrated that such a three-layer heterostructure shows not only excellent ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, but also good magnetoelectric coupling. The maximum value of the in-plane magnetoelectric coupling coefficient is ~ 55 mV cm−1 Oe−1 at 630 Oe. Meanwhile, the macro-magnetoelectric coupling characteristics of the heterojunction are verified by the dynamic processes of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic domain structure induced by the stress exerted on dipoles in an applied field, making it more attractive in the design of modern multifunctional devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterostructured NiFe2O4/Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (NFO/BCZT) composite thin films grown epitaxially on (100)-SrRuO3/SrTiO3 substrate (SrRuO3 is used as the bottom electrode) were prepared via pulse laser deposition. Phase formation of the tetragonal BCZT and cubic NFO were confirmed in X-ray diffractograms. A low RMS roughness and a smaller grain size were calculated from the surface microtopography. Physical properties testing indicated that such multiferroic heteroepitaxial composite thin films exhibit simultaneously excellent ferroelectric, dielectric, ferromagnetic properties, as well as conspicuous magnetoelectric effects. The saturated and remnant polarizations of NFO/BCZT film are about 35.79 and 12.43 μC cm−2 respectively, the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient reaches up to about 93 mV cm−1 Oe−1 at a bias magnetic field of 800 Oe, which is expected a bright application prospect in new storage technology and the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biphasic magnetoelectric composite films composed of Pb(ZrTi)O and BiNdFeO were successfully fabricated on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO/Si(100) substrates via Sol-gel and Rapid Thermal Process, forming Pb(ZrTi)O/BiNdFeO and BiNdFeO/Pb(ZrTi)O bilayer structures due to the different deposition sequences. Phase formation and lattice parameters of the tetragonal PZT and rhombohedral BNF were confirmed in X-ray diffractograms. The scan electron micrographs showed that Pb(ZrTi)O layer owns larger and closer grains than the corresponding BiNdFeO layer. Physical properties testing indicated that such bilayer nanostructures show simultaneously excellent ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties, as well as conspicuous magnetodielectric and magnetoelectric effects. And meanwhile, the BiNdFeO/Pb(ZrTi)O thin films exhibit better ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, magnetodielectric and in-plane magnetoelectric coupling properties than Pb(ZrTi)O/BiNdFeO films, revealing the influence of interfacial effect caused by deposition sequences of the constituent phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As medical research advances and technology rapidly develops, auricular acupuncture has emerged as a point of growing interest. This paper delves into the intricate anatomy of auricular points, their significance and therapeutic principles in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the underlying mechanisms of auricular acupuncture in contemporary medicine. The aim is to delve deeply into this ancient and mysterious medical tradition, unveiling its multi-layered mysteries in the field of neurostimulation. The anatomical structure of auricular points is complex and delicate, and their unique neurovascular network grants them a special status in neurostimulation therapy. Through exploration of these anatomical features, we not only comprehend the position of auricular points in TCM theory but also provide a profound foundation for their modern medical applications. Through systematic review, we synthesize insights from traditional Chinese medical theory for modern medical research. Building upon anatomical and classical theoretical foundations, we focus on the mechanisms of auricular acupuncture as a unique neurostimulation therapy. This field encompasses neuroregulation, pain management, psychological wellbeing, metabolic disorders, and immune modulation. The latest clinical research not only confirms the efficacy of auricular stimulation in alleviating pain symptoms and modulating metabolic diseases at the endocrine level but also underscores its potential role in regulating patients' psychological wellbeing. This article aims to promote a comprehensive understanding of auricular acupuncture by demonstrating its diverse applications and providing substantial evidence to support its broader adoption in clinical practice., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Guo, Lu, Wang, Duan, Li, Gao and Wang.)

Tomm34, as a member of the outer mitochondrial membrane proteins, is evenly distributed between the cytoplasm and the outer mitochondrial membrane. It is up-regulated in a variety of tumors and correlates with poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate expression of Tomm34 and its correlations with clinicopathology in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oncomine database and UALCAN database were utilized to predict the expression and prognosis values of Tomm34 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). By immunohistochemistry, a retrospective study was performed to verify the bioinformatics results to evaluate the Tomm34 expression and clinicopathological variables in both HPV-positive OSCC and HPV-negative OSCC. Immunohistochemistry of our cohort revealed that 48 cases fulfilled the Tomm34 high expression judgment criteria, and the overall positive rate was 60% (48/80), and 27 cases fulfilled the p16 expression judgment criteria (33.75%, 27/80). The high expression of Tomm34 was closely related with the TNM classification of OSCC ( p < 0.01) and tumor size ( p < 0.01) both in HPV-negative OSCC and HPV-positive OSCC, while related with lymph node metastasis ( p = 0.001) in HPV-negative OSCC and drinking history ( p = 0.044) in HPV-positive OSCC. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that higher level of Tomm34 was correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in HPV-negative OSCC (OS, p = 0.046; DFS, p = 0.020) but not in HPV-positive OSCC (OS, p = 0.824; DFS, p = 0.782). In conclusion, Tomm34 is highly expressed in OSCC and may be a useful factor to provide prognostic information, especially in HPV-negative OSCC group., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Cai, Tan, Huang, Chen, Kong, Guo and Xu.)