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51. Parity violation at neutron p-wave resonances of238U and232Th and related questions

Author: Xiaofeng Zhu, J. N. Knudson, David G. Haase, J. J. Szymansky, H. Postma, C.D. Bowman, V.W. Yuan, P. P. J. Delheij, J. D. Bowman, S. J. Seestrom, C.M. Frankle, S. I. Penttilä, N. R. Roberson, J. E. Bush, G. E. Mitchell, C. R. Gould, and S.H. Yoo
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, C parity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parity (physics), Neutron, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: Parity violation effects have been studied at 40 neutron p-wave resonances of the even-even nuclei238U and232Th. Of these 11 show parity violation effects larger than 2 standard deviations, making parity violation a rather common phenomenon. Parity mixing up to 10% has been found. The root-mean squared matrix elements for parity violation derived from these resonances are M=0.58 (+0.50/-0.25) meV for238U, respectively 1.39 (+0.35/-0.38) meV for232Th.
Published: 1992
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52. Nuclear electric quadrupole interaction of 203Hg intercalated in graphite as HgCl2

Author: E. Stumpf, J. Andriessen, H. van der Marel, B. Kastelein, P. Scharff, and H. Postma
Subjects: Ion implantation, Chemistry, Intercalation (chemistry), Quadrupole, Analytical chemistry, General Materials Science, General Chemistry, Graphite, Condensed Matter Physics, Electric field gradient, Nuclear orientation, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: Low-temperature nuclear orientation of 203 Hg by electric quadrupole interaction has been observed in graphite intercalation compounds of HgCl 2 . The measured electric field gradient V zz = −0.75(8) × 10 22 V m −2 is compared with the results on ion-implanted 203 Hg samples and also with reported values in other intercalation compounds. Advantages and disadvantages of using intercalated samples, instead of ion-implanted samples, in nuclear orientation experiments are discussed.
Published: 1992
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53. Parity nonconservation for the 0.88-eV neutron resonance inBr81

Author: J.N. Knudson, J.E. Bush, G. E. Mitchell, H. Postma, J.J. Szymanski, P. P. J. Delheij, S. J. Seestrom, C.R. Gould, David G. Haase, N. R. Roberson, J. D. Bowman, Seppo Penttila, C.M. Frankle, V. W. Yuan, and Xiaofeng Zhu
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Rare earth nuclei, Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotopes of bromine, Neutron resonance, Resonance, Atomic physics, Parity (mathematics)
Abstract: The parity nonconserving longitudinal analyzing power [ital P] was measured for the [ital E][sub [ital n]]=0.88 eV neutron resonance in [sup 81]Br. The value of [ital P]=+1.77[plus minus]0.33 %; the sign is determined relative to the 0.73-eV resonance in [sup 139]La.
Published: 1992
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54. Parity nonconservation for neutron resonances inTh232

Author: S.H. Yoo, Seppo Penttila, C. R. Gould, J. D. Bowman, G. E. Mitchell, S. J. Seestrom, J. N. Knudson, V. W. Yuan, Xiaofeng Zhu, P. P. J. Delheij, H. Postma, J.J. Szymanski, N. R. Roberson, J. E. Bush, C. M. Frankle, and David G. Haase
Subjects: Baryon, Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Hadron, Elementary particle, Fermion, Inelastic scattering, Atomic physics, Nucleon, Helicity
Abstract: Parity nonconservation (PNC) was studied for 16 p-wave resonances in $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ by measuring the helicity dependence of the total cross section for epithermal neutrons scattered from $^{238}\mathrm{U}$. A statistical analysis yields a root-mean-square PNC matrix element M=0.${56}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}0.20}^{+0.41}$ meV, which corresponds to a spreading width of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}^{\mathrm{PV}}$=0.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}7}$ eV. Under plausible assumptions this gives a value of 4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}7}$ for \ensuremath{\Vert}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{p}}$\ensuremath{\Vert}, the ratio of strengths of the P-odd and P-even effective nucleon-nucleon interactions.
Published: 1992
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55. Parity nonconservation for neutron resonances inU238

Author: J. E. Bush, J. N. Knudson, P. P. J. Delheij, David G. Haase, S. J. Seestrom, J. D. Bowman, J.J. Szymanski, V.W. Yuan, N. R. Roberson, C. R. Gould, Seppo Penttila, C.D. Bowman, H. Postma, Xiaofeng Zhu, G. E. Mitchell, and C. M. Frankle
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle properties, General Physics and Astronomy, Neutron, Matrix element, Parity (physics), Symmetry breaking, Atomic physics, Epithermal neutron, Helicity
Abstract: Parity nonconservation was studied for seventeen states in {sup 239}U by measuring the helicity dependence of the total cross section for epithermal neutrons scattered from {sup 238}U. The root-mean-squared parity-violating matrix element for the mixing of {ital p}-wave and {ital s}-wave states was determined to be {ital M}=0.58{sub {minus}0.25}{sup +0.50} meV. This corresponds to a parity-violating spreading width of {Gamma}{sup PV}=1.0{times}10{sup {minus}7} eV. Under plausible assumptions this gives a value of 4{times}10{sup {minus}7} for {vert bar}{alpha}{sub {ital P}}{vert bar}, the ratio of strengths of the {ital P}-odd and {ital P}-even effective nucleon-nucleon interactions.
Published: 1992
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56. First determination of CP violation parameters from K0−0 decay asymmetry

Author: S. Charalambous, D. Francis, T. Alhalel, P. Fassnacht, M. Dodgson, J. Bennet, R. Rickenbach, Claudio Santoni, K. Sarigiannis, João Carvalho, M. Van den Putte, F. Montanet, B. Eckart, C. Thibault, E. Gabathuler, E. Aslanides, A. Filipcic, T. Nakada, Marko Mikuz, Kerstin Jon-And, P Harrison, A. Schopper, F. Touchard, C. Touramanis, R. Ferreira-Marques, H. Cobbaert, H.-J. Gerber, P.-R. Kettle, E. van Beveren, P. Kokkas, J. R. Fry, S. Szilagyi, P.J. Hayman, Ch. Bula, G. Polivka, Ph. Schune, J. Duclos, W.G. Heyes, E. Rozaki, T. Geralis, W. Fetscher, A. Apostolakis, A. Ealet, A. Go, M. Fidecaro, P. Maley, L. Faravel, J.K. Bielein, T. Lawry, G. Varner, T. Ruf, P. Carlson, A. Onofre, J. Pinto Dacunha, P. Pavlopoulos, Christopher Bee, D. Zimmerman, K. Jansson, P. Sanders, S. Vlachos, Christer Fuglesang, C.W.E. Van Eijk, R. Adler, M. Chardalas, Andras Kerek, Marc Dejardin, G. Marel, L. Sacks, L.A. Schaller, F. Triantis, R. Le Gac, Claude Guyot, G. Burgun, A.J.P.L. Policarpo, E. Machado, J. Derre, P. Weber, F. Pelucchi, A. Angelopoulos, R. Kreuger, S. Dedoussis, D.A. Troster, P. Gumplinger, L. Sakeliou, C. Felder, J. Miller, N. Manthos, G. Chardin, Jean-Louis Faure, C. Yeche, D. Garreta, G. Backenstoss, M. Schafer, C. Witzig, R. Gamet, C. Kochowski, H.U. Johner, B. Pagels, L. Tauscher, J.-C. Dousse, H. Postma, D. Zavrtanik, J. Kern, P. Bloch, E. Cawley, R.W. Hollander, and U. Seljak
Subjects: Physics, Systematic error, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Value (computer science), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Pion, CP violation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Direct proof, Nuclear Experiment, Bar (unit), media_common
Abstract: We report the first determination of CP violation parameters from parameter from particle—antiparticle asymmetry in the decay of neutral kaons into two charged pions. Observation of such an asymmetry is direct proof of CP violation. A fit to the asymmetry enabled a determination of the parameter η+− to be made, yielding the result |η+−|=[2.32±0.14 (stat.)±0.03 (syst.)]×10−3 and σ+−=42.3°±4.4° (stat.)±0.4° (syst.), with an additional uncertainty of ±1.0° due to the error on the present published value of Δm, the KL0-KS0 mass difference. The magnitudes of both statistical and systematic errors will be significantly reduced in the future.
Published: 1992
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57. Electric quadrupole orientation of 188, 189Ir in graphite

Author: H. Postma, H. van der Marel, B. Kastelein, and J.K.W.M. Vemer
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Isotope, Electron capture, Lattice (order), Quadrupole, Graphite, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Nuclear orientation, Electric field gradient
Abstract: Samples of 188 Ir and 189 Ir in foils of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) were obtained by electron capture decay of 188 Hg and 189 Hg nuclei, which were implanted at room temperature with the aid of the ISOLDE III facility. Nuclear electric quadrupole interaction of these Ir isotopes has been observed with the technique of low temperature nuclear orientation. With the known value for the quadrupole moment of 188 Ir, the electric field gradient of ir in HOPG was determined to be V zz = +9.96(28)× 10 22 V/m 2 . This gain could be used to determine the quadropolemoment Q ( su 189) Ir ) = + 0.79(6) b . The quadrupole interaction is so strong that at 10 mK the fraction f of nuclei at good sites aligns completely. There is no sign that the remaining part does align even at the lowest temperatures. The fraction f is 8.9(2)% for 188 Ir and 15.5(5)% for 189 Ir. These low values are supposedly caused by: i) lattice damage due to implantation or already existing; ii) partial occupation of positions between the graphite layers; and iii) perturbations due to preceding electron capture decay. Spin and mixing ratios concerning the 1575, 1716 and 2050 keV transitions of 188 Ir and of the 276 and 233 keV transitions of 189 Ir are reported.
Published: 1992
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58. Many-body multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock calculation of hyperfine interaction in 7s, 7p1/2, and 7p3/2states of Ra cii

Author: A.M. Van den Brink, H. Postma, J. Andriessen, and T.P. Das
Subjects: Physics, Electronic correlation, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Dirac (software), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fock space, Many-body problem, Quantum mechanics, Physics::Atomic Physics, Perturbation theory, Atomic physics, Relativistic quantum chemistry, Wave function, Hyperfine structure
Abstract: The techniques of relativistic many-body calculations on atoms and ions have been used to reformulate the multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock techniques in such a way that good wave functions can be obtained with the same accuracy as with many-body perturbation theory, and a relationship between both approaches has been established. As an example the hyperfine interactions of the 7{ital s}, 7{ital p}{sub 1/2}, and 7{ital p}{sub 3/2} states of Ra{sup +} have been successfully calculated and are in good agreement with experiment.
Published: 1992
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59. Thermal conductance of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite along the c-direction at very low temperatures including magnetic field effects

Author: B. Kastelein, R.D. Van Bergen, H. Postma, H.C. Meijer, and F. Mathu
Subjects: Preparation method, Thermal conductivity, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Chemistry, Perpendicular, Analytical chemistry, General Materials Science, General Chemistry, Graphite, Pyrolytic carbon, Order of magnitude, Magnetic field
Abstract: The thermal conductance of several samples of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) has been measured between 20 mK and 700 mK in zero magnetic field and in external magnetic fields up to 1.5 T, directed parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis, respectively. The results for thicker samples (230 and 326 μm), that were cleaved from bulk HOPG, agree with literature values, reported down to 70 mK. Very thin samples (thickness 14 μm and 30 μm), that were peeled off from bulk HOPG, show a reduction of the thermal conductance by more than one order of magnitude, which is ascribed to the preparation method. The carrier contribution has been determined at 25, 50, 100, and 500 mK by observing the reduction of the thermal conductance as a function of external magnetic field. The maximum reduction at 25 mK is 40% when the magnetic field is directed parallel, and 8% when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the graphite c-axis.
Published: 1992
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60. A large Streamer Chamber muon tracking detector in a high-flux fixed-target application

Author: B. Frois, V. W. Hughes, J. Vogt, Kwong Lau, E. Arik, G. van Middelkoop, C. Garabatos, E. Burtin, Patrick Hautle, Ulrich Landgraf, Drew Parks, C.S. Ozben, T. O. Niinikoski, P. Berglund, A. Staude, F. Tessarotto, C. A. Whitten, A. Tripet, M. Boutemeur, D. Fasching, P. Shanahan, F. Simeoni, M. Plo, W. Kröger, W. Meyer, H Gilly, D. Crabb, Abhay Deshpande, A. Witzmann, T. Kageya, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, J. M. Le Goff, M. K. Ballintijn, G. Gracia, Iskender Atilla Reyhancan, T. J. Ketel, N.I. Zamiatin, T. Çuhadar, T. Hasegawa, I Tzamouranis, H. Postma, D. Sanders, D. L. Adams, Clemens A. Heusch, J. Zhao, S. Rock, R. Birsa, A. Karev, Anna Zanetti, U. Stiegler, Alessandro Bressan, D. von Harrach, L. Naumann, J. H. Moromisato, A. Gallas, Yannis K. Semertzidis, A. Ogawa, F. Lehar, A. Kishi, Yu. Kisselev, B. Roscherr, C. Dulya, J. Pyrlik, G. Reicherz, K. Haft, Y. Miyachi, Mayda Velasco, Sergey M. Sergeev, B. E. Bonner, A. de Lesquen, St. Goertz, T. Lindqvist, F. Marie, L. Betev, N. Horikawa, Ricardo Piegaia, M. Giorgi, G.I. Smirnov, S. Dalla Torre, F. Perrot-Kunne, W. Tlaczala, K. Zaremba, Iu Kiryushin, Michal Szleper, I. Sabo, F. Sever, G. Igo, A Gomez-Tato, R Seitz, B. Derro, Günter Baum, Regine Willumeit, J. Saborido, T. Layda, N. de Botton, G. Bardin, G. Unel, A. Rijllart, F. Feinstein, D. Thers, E. P. Sichtermann, Bernardo Adeva, M. Lamanna, S. K. Dhawan, J. S. McCarthy, K. Kurek, S. Eichblatt, Lawrence Pinsky, Franco Bradamante, Erhan Gülmez, A. Dyring, K. P. Schüler, H. J. Kessler, Roland Windmolders, Rudiger Voss, A. Steinmetz, I.A. Savin, J.A. Garzon, Daniel B. Kramer, B. W. Mayes, M. Lowe, A. Arvidson, H. Pereira, Alan D. Martin, G. K. Mallot, S. Bültmann, P. Schiavon, E. M. Kabuß, L. Klostermann, K. M. Teichert, E. von Goeler, L. Ropelewski, Jay Roberts, M. Grosse Perdekamp, B. Badelek, N. Hayashi, D. Pose, E Rondio, Takahiro Iwata, G Raädel, Matias Rodriguez, David Miller, S. Ishimoto, I. G. Bird, J. Kyynäräinen, J. Cranshaw, S. Platchkov, J. Pretz, M. Litmaath, J. Martino, Igor Golutvin, R. van Dantzig, A. Sandacz, T. Pussieux, Wojciech Wislicki, A Rosado, T. Matsuda, D.V. Peshekhonov, C. Fernandez, J. Lichtenstadt, P. Björkholm, C. Cavata, Roy Weinstein, N. De Groot, T. Gaussiran, S. Forthmann, S. Trentalange, R. E. Segel, J. Kiryluk, Aldo Penzo, A. Magnon, A. Schiller, J. E.J. Oberski, J. Nassalski, Kunikazu Mori, K. Medved, A. Bravar, Julien Faivre, (Astro)-Particles Physics, D., Adam, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, Guenter, Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Bjorkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, M., Boutemeur, Bradamante, Franco, A., Bravar, Bressan, Andrea, Stephen L., Bueltmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Cuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, B., Derro, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, S., Forthmann, B., Froi, A., Galla, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, H., Gilly, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, S., Goertz, G., Gracia, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, Erhan, Gulmez, K., Haft, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabu, T., Kageya, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, J., Kiryluk, Kiryushin, I. u., A., Kishi, Kiselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, D., Kramer, W., Kroger, K., Kurek, J., Kyynarainen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, K., Lau, T., Layda, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, W., Meyer, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, Y., Miyachi, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, C., Ozben, D. P., Park, H., Pereira, A., Penzo, F., Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, Lawrence S., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, G., Radel, I., Reyhancan, G., Reicherz, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, S., Rock, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, A., Rosado, B., Roscherr, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, D., Sander, Igor A., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, A., Schiller, K. P., Schuler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, Y., Semertzidi, S., Sergeev, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, E. P., Sichtermann, F., Simeoni, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, M., Szleper, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, D., Ther, W., Tlaczala, S., Trentalange, A., Tripet, I., Tzamourani, G., Unel, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, K., Zaremba, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Physics, DIS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, SMC, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, High voltage, STRIPS, Tracking (particle physics), law.invention, Nuclear physics, Optics, Large area detectors, law, Tube (fluid conveyance), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure), Electronic circuit
Abstract: Arrays of limited streamer tubes of the Iarocci type were deployed in our experiment at CERN as part of a forward muon detector system with provisions for the beam to pass through the center of each panel in the array. A total of 16 4 m x 4 m panels were assembled with inductive readout strips on both sides of each panel. An active feedback system. was deployed to regulate the high voltage to the streamer tubes to insure a constant efficiency for minimum ionizing particles. The arrays were operated in this environment for over five years of data taking. Streamer tube track-reconstruction efficiencies and tube replacement rates are reported. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 1999
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61. The polarized double cell target of the SMC

Author: G. van Middelkoop, Patrick Hautle, H. Postma, W. Meyer, Yu. Kisselev, G. Gracia, J. H. Moromisato, T. Lindqvist, Y. Miyachi, G. Igo, Regine Willumeit, G. Reicherz, G. Bardin, T. Gaussiran, U. Stiegler, S. Forthmann, S. Trentalange, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, G.I. Smirnov, S. Dalla Torre, N. Horikawa, Franco Bradamante, I.A. Savin, E. Burtin, Drew Parks, Michal Szleper, F. Feinstein, B. Frois, J. Vogt, J.A. Garzon, B. W. Mayes, M. Boutemeur, D. Fasching, A. Gallas, Daniel B. Kramer, K. Kurek, A. Ogawa, A. Staude, K. P. Schüler, R. Seitz, D. von Harrach, Abhay Deshpande, T. Matsuda, D.V. Peshekhonov, S. K. Dhawan, K. Haft, Yannis K. Semertzidis, J. Pyrlik, P. Shanahan, S. Eichblatt, J. Pretz, Clemens A. Heusch, H. J. Kessler, T. Çuhadar, R. Birsa, H. Gilly, G. Rädel, P. Schiavon, D. Crabb, F. Perrot-Kunne, T. Hasegawa, F. Simeoni, M. Plo, B. E. Bonner, Jinkui Zhao, Roland Windmolders, T. Kageya, Iskender Atilla Reyhancan, Mayda Velasco, F. Marie, L. Betev, Anna Zanetti, N. de Botton, A. Kishi, A. Rosado, A. Rijllart, Bernardo Adeva, A. de Lesquen, M. Lamanna, St. Goertz, M. Lowe, A. Arvidson, H. Pereira, Andrea Bressan, C. S. Özben, B. Roscherr, Lawrence Pinsky, A. Sandacz, G. K. Mallot, T. J. Ketel, L. Klostermann, C. A. Whitten, F. Tessarotto, W. Kröger, E. Arik, Rudiger Voss, A. Tripet, G. Unel, S. Bültmann, K. M. Teichert, Matias Rodriguez, S. Rock, D. Pose, J. Kyynäräinen, K. Zaremba, A. Dyring, Jay Roberts, D. Thers, B. Badelek, E. P. Sichtermann, M. Grosse Perdekamp, J. Saborido, S. Ishimoto, T. Layda, David Miller, Günter Baum, I. Sabo, S. Platchkov, N. Hayashi, B. Neganov, V. Krivokhijine, W. Tlaczala, J. Martino, J. M. Rieubland, J. S. McCarthy, P. Björkholm, Takahiro Iwata, A. Karev, R. van Dantzig, Alan D. Martin, C. Cavata, E. von Goeler, A. Bravar, M. K. Ballintijn, A. Witzmann, F. Lehar, T. Pussieux, Wojciech Wislicki, M. Litmaath, Julien Faivre, Roy Weinstein, N. De Groot, D. L. Adams, J. Lichtenstadt, C. Fernandez, C. Dulya, I. G. Bird, Ricardo Piegaia, V. W. Hughes, M. Giorgi, A. Steinmetz, Ulrich Landgraf, P. Berglund, T.O. Niinikoski, E. Rondio, J. M. Le Goff, L. Naumann, B. Derro, R. E. Segel, J. Kiryluk, F. Sever, Erhan Gülmez, E. M. Kabuß, J. Cranshaw, Kunikazu Mori, K. Medved, J. E.J. Oberski, J. Nassalski, Aldo Penzo, A. Magnon, A. Schiller, (Astro)-Particles Physics, D., Adam, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, Guenter, Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Bjorkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, M., Boutemeur, Bradamante, Franco, A., Bravar, Bressan, Andrea, Stephen L., Bueltmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Cuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, B., Derro, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, S., Forthmann, B., Froi, A., Galla, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, H., Gilly, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, S., Goertz, G., Gracia, N., De Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, Erhan, Gulmez, K., Haft, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabu, T., Kageya, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, J., Kiryluk, A., Kishi, Kiselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, D., Kramer, V., Krivokhizhin, W., Kroger, K., Kurek, J., Kyynarainen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, T., Layda, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, W., Meyer, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, Y., Miyachi, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, B., Neganov, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, C., Ozben, D. P., Park, H., Pereira, A., Penzo, F., Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, Lawrence S., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, G., Radel, I., Reyhancan, G., Reicherz, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, S., Rock, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, A., Rosado, B., Roscherr, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, Igor A., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, A., Schiller, K. P., Schuler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, Y., Semertzidi, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, E. P., Sichtermann, F., Simeoni, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, M., Szleper, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, D., Ther, W., Tlaczala, S., Trentalange, A., Tripet, G., Unel, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, K., Zaremba, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, DIS, Large Hadron Collider, Muon, analysis, Scattering, SMC, Polarized target, Spin structure, polarized protons and deuterons, Polarization (waves), Deep inelastic scattering, NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, Nuclear physics, Deuterium, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Instrumentation
Abstract: The polarized target of the Spin Muon Collaboration at CERN was used for deep inelastic muon scattering experiments during 1993-1996 with a polarized muon beam to investigate the spin structure of the nucleon. Most of the experiments were carried out with longitudinal target polarization and 190 GeV muons, and some were done with transverse polarization and 100 GeV muons. Protons as well as deuterons were polarized by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) in three kinds of solid materials - butanol, ammonia, and deuterated butanol - with maximum degrees of polarization of 94%, 91% and 60%, respectively. Considerable attention was paid to the accuracies of the NMR polarization measurements and their analyses, the accuracies achieved were between 2.0% and 3.2%. The SMC target system with two cells of opposite polarizations, each cell 65 cm long and 5 cm in diameter, constitutes the largest polarized target system ever built and facilitates accurate spin asymmetry measurements. The design considerations, construction and performance of the target are reviewed, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 1999
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62. Neutron Resonance Capture and Transmission Analysis

Author: H. Postma and Peter Schillebeeckx
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Nuclear fuel, Chemistry, Nuclear Theory, Neutron, Nuclide, Neutron scattering, Nuclear Experiment, Spectroscopy, Spent nuclear fuel, Neutron temperature, Doppler broadening
Abstract: Neutrons can be used as probes to investigate and study properties of materials and objects. The deep penetration of neutrons into matter allows the study of bulk properties. One evolving activity in this field concerns the existence of resonances in neutron-induced reaction cross sections in the neutron energy range from thermal up to a few megaelectronvolts for certain nuclides. Since these resonances appear at neutron energies, which are specific for each nuclide, they are very suitable for the determination of the elemental composition of objects and materials. Neutron resonance capture analysis (NRCA) and neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA) are two methods used for exploiting the resonance structure in the neutron-induced reaction cross sections. Both methods are nondestructive, determine the bulk elemental composition, do not require any sample preparation, and result in a negligible residual activity. NRCA is applicable to almost all stable elements, while NRTA is preferred for light elements or nuclei near a closed shell. Quantitative NRCA and NRTA have been used for the analysis of archeological objects and reference materials used for cross-section measurements. Other applications of neutron resonance spectroscopy range from radiography of nuclear fuel (including spent fuel), detection of explosives and drugs, to thermometry and diamond mining. Keywords: neutron; resonances; epithermal; capture; transmission; Doppler broadening; archeology; reference material; nuclear fuel; thermometry; radiography; nondestructive assay
Published: 2009
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63. Non-destructive bulk analysis of the Buggenum sword by neutron resonance capture analysis and neutron diffraction

Author: M.C. Clarijs, Winfried Kockelmann, A. Borella, Peter Schillebeeckx, L. Amkreutz, Anna Paradowska, H. Postma, Dirk Visser, and Hans Kamermans
Subjects: Bronze Age, Chemistry, National museum, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Neutron resonances, Neutron resonance, Neutron diffraction, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Bremsstrahlung, Non-destructive analysis, Pollution, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear physics, Joint research, Radiography, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Non destructive, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neutron, SWORD, Spectroscopy
Abstract: Two neutron based techniques, neutron resonance capture analysis (NRCA) and time-of-flight neutron-diffraction (TOF-ND) have been used to determine the elemental composition and structure of a precious and very well preserved all-metal sword from the Bronze Age. This Buggenum sword was on loan from the National Museum of Antiquities (NMA) in Leiden (NL). NRCA and TOF-ND experiments have been carried out at a number of more or less identical positions of the sword. The tin-bronze ratio and the relative amounts of some minor elements (Sb, As, Ag, In) have been determined. The results of neutron diffraction measurements showed considerable tin-segregation, and clear indications of hardening on the edges of the blade. In addition, radiographs using Bremsstrahlung revealed the construction of the hilt–blade connection. The work was carried out at the EC Joint Research Centre IRMM in Geel (B) and at the ISIS facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK).
Published: 2009

64. Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Materials and Objects

Author: S. Kopecky, A. Borella, M. Moxon, H. Postma, Peter Schillebeeckx, and C. Lampoudis
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Physics, Scattering, Resonance, Neutron, Nuclide, Neutron scattering, Nuclear Experiment, Doppler broadening, Shape analysis (digital geometry)
Abstract: The presence of resonances in neutron induced reaction cross sections is the basis of the Neutron Resonance Capture (NRCA) and Transmission (NRTA) Analysis techniques. Since resonances can be observed at neutron energies which are specific for each nuclide, they can be used as fingerprints to identify and quantify elements in materials and objects. Both NRCA and NRTA are fully non‐destructive methods which determine the bulk elemental composition, do not require any sample preparation and result in a negligible residual activation. In this text we review the technique and present an analysis procedures including one based on a more methodological approach which relies on a full Resonance Shape Analysis (RSA) and accounts directly for the neutron self‐shielding, multiple scattering, Doppler broadening and instrumental resolution.
Published: 2009
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65. Parity nonconservation in polarized-neutron transmission throughLa139

Author: David G. Haase, P. P. J. Delheij, Seppo Penttila, J. E. Bush, C. R. Gould, H. Postma, J.J. Szymanski, Xiaofeng Zhu, C.D. Bowman, J. D. Bowman, V. W. Yuan, S. J. Seestrom, N. R. Roberson, C. M. Frankle, G. E. Mitchell, and J. N. Knudson
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Neutron, Inelastic scattering, Neutron scattering, Nucleon, Asymmetry, Beam (structure), media_common
Abstract: Parity nonconservation has been studied in the transmission of longitudinally polarized epithermal neutrons incident upon a {sup 139}La target. Previous experiments have demonstrated the existence of a large value of the longitudinal asymmetry in the 0.734-eV {ital p}-wave resonance of the compound nucleus {sup 140}La, but report conflicting values for the measured asymmetry. We report the results of an experiment at the Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center (LANSCE) which measured the asymmetry by two independent methods. One of these methods utilizes a conventional polarizer and a single lanthanum target. The other method uses an unpolarized beam with two lanthanum targets, and therefore does not require a separate measurement of the beam polarization. The asymmetry values determined from these two methods (0.1015{plus minus}0.0045 and 0.0955{plus minus}0.0035, respectively) are compared to previously measured values. Measurement of the asymmetry of the 0.734-eV resonance in {sup 139}La provides a highly accurate method of determining the polarization of an epithermal neutron beam.
Published: 1991
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66. Determination of the relative branching ratios for

Author: Philippe Bloch, Andrej Filipcic, Ch. Bula, Stef. Charalambous, D. Warner, J. Derre, A. Go, C. Felder, H.U. Johner, Claude Guyot, L. Sakeliou, T. Geralis, D.A. Troester, G. Backenstoss, H. Postma, E. van Beveren, T. Lawry, C.W.E. van Eijk, J.C. Dousse, David Francis, L. Tauscher, P. Fassnacht, L. Faravel, M. Fidecaro, E. Aslanides, J. Duclos, H.-J. Gerber, R. Kreuger, João Carvalho, G. Marel, C. Touramanis, Christer Fuglesang, W.G. Heyes, E. Kossionides, A. Apostolakis, L. Sacks, T. Paradelis, Frixos A Triantis, R. Le Gac, G. S. Varner, E. Machado, P. Weber, K. Jansson, K. Sarigiannis, L.A. Schaller, A. Onofre, J. R. Fry, J. Bennet, B.L. Roberts, T. Nakada, P. Marotte, Sp. Dedoussis, F. Montanet, A. Schopper, Christopher Bee, P.J. Hayman, P. Pavlopoulos, R. Gamet, Jean-Louis Faure, R. Ferreira-Marques, M. Dodgson, Panagiotis Kokkas, S. Szilagyi, P.F. Harrison, S. Vlachos, D. Garreta, J. Kern, T. Ruf, C. Burgun, M. Van den Putte, W. Fetscher, C. Thibault, E. Gabathuler, R. Rickenbach, Francois Touchard, M. Mikuž, P. Maley, A. Ealet, Danilo Zavrtanik, R.W. Hollander, Ch Yèche, B. Eckart, R. Adler, P. Sanders, M. Chardalas, C. Santoni, A.J.P.L. Policarpo, F. Pelucchi, C. Witzig, C. Kochowski, B. Pagels, Jeffrey Boone Miller, D. Zimmerman, J. Pinto da Cunha, P. Gumplinger, Per Carlson, Marc Dejardin, Andras Kerek, E. Rozaki, P.-R. Kettle, H. Cobbaert, A. Angelopoulos, Kerstin Jon-And, Nikolaos Manthos, Ph. Schune, and U. Seljak
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pair production, Annihilation, Pion, Meson, Branching fraction, Antiproton, Protonium, Hadron, Analytical chemistry, Atomic physics
Abstract: The ratio of the branching fractions for p p →K+K− and p p →π+π− was determined with the CPLEAR detector, by stopping antiprotons in a gaseous hydrogen target at 15 bar pressure. It was found to be BR(K+K−)/BR(π+π−)=0.205± 0.016. The fraction of P-wave annihilation at rest at this target density was deduced to be (38±9)%.
Published: 1991
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67. Sign correlations and parity nonconservation for neutron resonances inTh232

Author: P. P. J. Delheij, David G. Haase, S. J. Seestrom, H. Postma, C. R. Gould, J.J. Szymanski, V.W. Yuan, J. E. Bush, Seppo Penttila, G. E. Mitchell, Xiaofeng Zhu, J. D. Bowman, J. N. Knudson, C. M. Frankle, S.H. Yoo, and N. R. Roberson
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear reaction, Particle physics, Scattering, General Physics and Astronomy, Sigma, Resonance, Neutron, Inelastic scattering, Parity (mathematics), Sign (mathematics)
Abstract: Parity-nonconserving longitudinal analyzing powers were measured for 23 {ital p}-wave neutron resonances in {sup 232}Th. Seven resonances show effects of greater than 2{sigma} statistical significance (95% confidence)---the largest sample yet measured in a single nucleus. All seven analyzing powers have positive sign. Strong sign correlations are not a feature of the conventional statistical model of parity mixing between compound nuclear states. The results suggest that the mechanism of parity violation in resonance reactions is more complicated than previously assumed.
Published: 1991
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68. Parity and time reversal symmetry nonconservation in neutron-nucleus interactions

Author: C. R. Gould, H. Postma, J.J. Szymanski, C. M. Frankle, J. N. Knudson, G. E. Mitchell, P. P. J. Delheij, C.D. Bowman, J. E. Bush, J. D. Bowman, S. J. Seestrom, V.W. Yuan, N. R. Roberson, Xiaofeng Zhu, S. I. Penttilä, and David G. Haase
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Isotopes of uranium, Parity (physics), Helicity, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, T-symmetry, medicine, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nucleus
Abstract: Parity non-conservation was studied for seventeen states in 239 U by measuring the helicity dependence of the p-wave resonance cross section for epithermal neutrons scattered from 238 U. The root-mean-squared parity-violating matrix element for the mixing of p-wave and s-wave states was determined to be M = 0.58 +0.50 −0.25 meV. This corresponds to a parity-violating spreading width of Γ PV = 1.0 × 10 −7 eV. Under plausible assumptions this gives a value of 4 × 10 −7 for αp, the ratio of strengths of the P-odd and P-even effective nucleon-nucleon interactions. The application of these techniques in studies of Time Reversal Symmetry is discussed.
Published: 1991
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69. Nucleon capture by 3He and the production of solar hep-neutrinos: Cross-section measurements and shell-model calculations

Author: H. Postma, K. Abrahams, A. G. M. van Hees, J.G.L. Booten, and R. Wervelman
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cross section (physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Radiative transfer, Neutron, Atomic physics, Neutrino, Nucleon, Magnetic dipole, Neutron temperature
Abstract: An experimental and theoretical investigation on low-energy nucleon capture by 3 He is reported. The extremely small cross section of the 3 He(n, γ) reaction has been measured with thermal and with 24.5 keV neutrons, yielding gs n γ (th) = 55 ± 3 μ b and σ n γ (24.5 keV) = 9.1 ± 0.8 μ b, respectively. Shell-model calculations that include the contributions of two-body meson-exchange currents are presented for the radiative capture of thermal neutrons by 3 He as well as for the weak 3 He(p, e + ν e ) reaction. With the ratio of the corresponding magnetic dipole and Gamow-Teller matrix elements, and the experimental radiative thermal neutron cross section, a value S = (5.7 ± 0.8) × 10 −19 ke V · b is obtained for the astrophysical S - factor of the neutrino-emitting reaction. This indicates that roughly 10% of the measured solar-neutrino flux in the Davis' experiment can be ascribed to the high-energy 3 He + p neutrinos.
Published: 1991
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70. Calorimetry by means of the relaxation and dual-slope methods below 1 K: application to some high Tc superconductors

Author: H.C. Meijer, R.W. Willekers, F. Mathu, and H. Postma
Subjects: Superconductivity, Materials science, High-temperature superconductivity, law, Thermal, General Physics and Astronomy, Thermodynamics, Relaxation (physics), General Materials Science, Crystallite, Thermal relaxation, Calorimetry, law.invention
Abstract: Relaxation and dual-slope methods for calorimetry at very low temperatures are described. They provide useful tools for measuring heat capacities of samples of several milligrams down to about 50 mK. As examples, measurements of the heat capacities of polycrystalline samples of the high temperature superconductors ErBa2Cu3O(7-δ), YbBa2Cu3O(7-δ) and HoBa2Cu3O(7-δ) are presented, together with the experimental set-up and parameters. From the relaxation measurements the thermal conductions between the sample and the sample holder were calculated for all three experiments.
Published: 1991
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71. A Next-to-leading order QCD analysis of the spin structure function g(1)

Author: B. Adeva, T. Akdogan, E. Arik, B. Badelek, G. Bardin, G. Baum, P. Berglund, L. Betev, R. Birsa, N. de Botton, F. Bradamante, A. Bravar, A. Bressan, S. Bültmann, E. Burtin, C. Cavata, D. Crabb, J. Cranshaw, T. Çuhadai, S. Dalla Torre, R. van Dantzig, B. Derro, A. Deshpande, S. Dhawan, C. Dulya, S. Eichblatt, D. Fasching, F. Feinstein, C. Fernandez, S. Forthmann, B. Frois, A. Gallas, J. A. Garzon, H. Gilly, M. Giorgi, E. von Goeler, S. Goertz, G. Gracia, N. de Groot, M. Grosse Perdekamp, K. Haft, D. von Harrach, T. Hasegawa, P. Hautle, N. Hayashi, C. A. Heusch, N. Horikawa, V. W. Hughes, G. Igo, S. Ishimoto, T. Iwata, E. M. Kabuß, T. Kageya, A. Karev, H. J. Kessler, T. J. Ketel, J. Kiryluk, Yu. Kisselev, D. Krämer, V. Krivokhijine, W. Kröger, V. Kukhtin, K. Kurek, J. Kyynäräinen, M. Lamanna, U. Landgraf, J. M. Le Goff, F. Lehar, A. de Lesquen, J. Lichtenstadt, M. Litmaath, A. Magnon, G. K. Mallot, F. Marie, A. Martin, J. Martino, T. Matsuda, B. Mayes, J. S. McCarthy, K. Medved, W. Meyer, G. van Middelkoop, D. Miller, Y. Miyachi, K. Mori, J. Moromisato, J. Nassalski, L. Naumann, T. O. Niinikoski, J. E. J. Oberski, A. Ogawa, C. Ozben, H. Pereira, F. Perrot-Kunne, D. Peshekhonov, R. Piegaia, L. Pinsky, S. Platchkov, M. Plo, D. Pose, H. Postma, J. Pretz, R. Puntaferro, T. Pussieux, G. Rädel, A. Rijllart, G. Reicherz, J. Roberts, M. Rodriguez, E. Rondio, I. Sabo, J. Saborido, A. Sandacz, I. Savin, P. Schiavon, A. Schiller, E. P. Sichtermann, F. Simeoni, G. I. Smirnov, A. Staude, A. Steinmetz, U. Stiegler, H. Stuhrmann, M. Szleper, F. Tessarotto, D. Thers, W. Tlaczala, A. Tripet, G. Unel, M. Velasco, J. Vogt, R. Voss, C. Whitten, R. Windmolders, R. Willumeit, W. Wislicki, A. Witzmann, J. Ylöstalo, A. M. Zanetti, K. Zaremba, J. Zhao, (Astro)-Particles Physics, B., Adeva, T., Akdogan, E., Arik, B., Badelek, G., Bardin, Guenter, Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, Birsa, Renato, N., de Botton, Bradamante, Franco, A., Bravar, Bressan, Andrea, Stephen L., Bueltmann, E., Burtin, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Cuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, B., Derro, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, S., Eichblatt, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, S., Forthmann, B., Froi, A., Galla, J. A., Garzon, H., Gilly, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, S., Goertz, G., Gracia, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, K., Haft, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabu, T., Kageya, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, J., Kiryluk, Kiselev, Y. u., D., Kramer, V., Krivokhizhin, W., Kroger, V., Kukhtin, K., Kurek, J., Kyynarainen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, M., Litmaath, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, W., Meyer, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, Y., Miyachi, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, C., Ozben, H., Pereira, F., Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, Lawrence S., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, R., Puntaferro, G., Radel, A., Rijllart, G., Reicherz, J., Robert, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, Igor A., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, A., Schiller, E. P., Sichtermann, F., Simeoni, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, M., Szleper, F., Tessarotto, D., Ther, W., Tlaczala, A., Tripet, G., Unel, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, J., Ylostalo, A. M., Zanetti, K., Zaremba, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, DIS, Muon, SMC, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Parton, Function (mathematics), Spin structure, NLO Analysis, Factorization, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sum rule in quantum mechanics, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, Spin-½
Abstract: We present a next-to-leading order QCD analysis of the presently available data on the spin structure function [Formula Presented] including the final data from the Spin Muon Collaboration. We present results for the first moments of the proton, deuteron, and neutron structure functions, and determine singlet and nonsinglet parton distributions in two factorization schemes. We also test the Bjorken sum rule and find agreement with the theoretical prediction at the level of 10%. © 1998 The American Physical Society.
Published: 1998
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72. Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature

Author: J. Polec, A. Schiller, J. Ylöstalo, Drew Parks, V. W. Hughes, M. Litmaath, G. Reicherz, M. Giorgi, A. Karev, J. M. Le Goff, Ulrich Landgraf, B. Derro, E. Arik, S. Ishimoto, Abhay Deshpande, S. Dalla Torre, G. Igo, J. Kiryluk, R. van Dantzig, H. Pereira Da Costa, David Miller, T. Hasegawa, J. A. Garzon, G. van Middelkoop, Franco Bradamante, E. Kok, Rudiger Voss, T. Matsuda, A. Rijllart, J. Vogt, H. Dutz, Bernardo Adeva, E. Rondio, H. Gilly, W. Meyer, S. Bültmann, P. Schiavon, Yu. Kisselev, D. Crabb, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, M. Plückthun, A. de Lesquen, J. Lichtenstadt, Anna Zanetti, S. Platchkov, R. Puntaferro, P. Berglund, A. Magnon, A. Staude, D. Krämer, M. Plo, D. Fasching, R. Gehring, J. Cranshaw, M. Grosse Perdekamp, D. von Harrach, J. Harmsen, Matias Rodriguez, L. Betev, Kunikazu Mori, T. J. Ketel, C. Bradtke, N. Horikawa, K. Medved, J. S. McCarthy, Takahiro Iwata, J. E.J. Oberski, W. Tlaczala, Y. Miyachi, St. Goertz, E. P. Sichtermann, K. Kurek, J. Nassalski, A. Witzmann, I.A. Savin, M. Velasco, D. Peshekhonov, Günter Baum, U. Stiegler, C. Dulya, C. A. Whitten, B. W. Mayes, K. Zaremba, J. Kyynäräinen, Roland Windmolders, A. Tripet, A. Arvidson, S. Forthmann, Alan D. Martin, A. Gallas, G. K. Mallot, D. Pose, E. M. Kabuß, A. Ogawa, S. K. Dhawan, K. Haft, W. Wislicki, F. Tessarotto, F. Perrot-Kunne, W. Kröger, A. Steinmetz, H. Postma, N. de Botton, M. Lamanna, T. Kageya, B. Frois, Clemens A. Heusch, T. Çuhadar, F. Feinstein, J. Pretz, Lawrence Pinsky, G. Gracia, F. Lehar, F. Simeoni, G.I. Smirnov, A. Sandacz, G. Unel, N. De Groot, A. Bravar, G. Rädel, S. Eichblatt, B. Badelek, T. O. Niinikoski, C. Fernandez, N. Hayashi, Patrick Hautle, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, Guenter, Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, N., de Botton, Bradamante, Franco, C., Bradtke, A., Bravar, Stephen L., Bueltmann, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Cuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, B., Derro, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, H., Dutz, S., Eichblatt, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, S., Forthmann, B., Froi, A., Galla, J. A., Garzon, R., Gehring, H., Gilly, Giorgi, Marcello, S., Goertz, G., Gracia, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, K., Haft, J., Harmsen, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabu, T., Kageya, A., Karev, T. J., Ketel, J., Kiryluk, Kiselev, Y. u., E., Kok, D., Kramer, W., Kroger, K., Kurek, J., Kyynarainen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, M., Litmaath, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, Martin, Anna, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, W., Meyer, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, Y., Miyachi, K., Mori, J., Nassalski, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, D. P., Park, H., Pereira da Costa, F., Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, Lawrence S., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, M., Pluckthun, J., Polec, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, R., Puntaferro, G., Radel, G., Reicherz, A., Rijllart, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, A., Sandacz, Igor A., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, A., Schiller, E. P., Sichtermann, F., Simeoni, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, F., Tessarotto, W., Tlaczala, A., Tripet, G., Unel, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, J., Ylostalo, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, K., Zaremba, and (Astro)-Particles Physics
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, spin resonance, Proton, p polarized target, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Ammonia, chemistry.chemical_compound, Paramagnetism, Irradiation, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Physics, Coupling constant, polarization, quadrupolar interactions, Polarization (waves), Nitrogen, nitrogen polarized target, dynamic nuclear, nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Deuterium, Atomic physics
Abstract: The 1996 data taking of the SMC experiment used polarized protons to measure the spin-dependent structure function g(1) of the proton. Three liters of solid granular ammonia were irradiated at the Bonn electron linac in order to create the paramagnetic radicals which are needed for polarizing the protons. Proton polarizations of +/- (90 +/- 2.5)% were routinely reached. An analysis based on a theoretical line shape for spin-1. systems with large quadrupolar broadening was developed which allowed the nitrogen polarization in the ammonia to be determined with a 10% relative error. The measured quadrupolar coupling constant of N-14 agrees well with earlier extrapolated values. The polarization of the nitrogen nuclei was measured as a function of the proton polarization in order to provide a test of the equal spin temperature (EST) hypothesis. It was found to be closely valid under the dynamic nuclear polarization conditions with which the protons are polarized. Large deviations from EST could be induced by cross relaxing the proton and nitrogen spin systems at low fields. Nitrogen polarizations up to 40% were reached by these means. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 1998
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73. [The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ-NL), an instrument to improve recognition of bipolar disorder]

Author: D H, Postma and P F J, Schulte
Subjects: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Bipolar Disorder, Time Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Netherlands
Abstract: Bipolar disorderis underdiagnosed. On average there is a delay of about 12 years between the onset of symptoms and a correct diagnosis of the disorder. This delay may lead to inadequate treatment. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is a screening instrument to improve the detection ofbipolar disorder. Research has shown that the English version of this self-administered questionnaire has sufficient reliability and validity. A Dutch version of the MDQ (MDQ-NL) is now available. The MDQ-NL is not time-consuming for both patient and investigator and is well suited for screening. A positive test should be followed by assessment of the patient by a psychiatrist. Application of the MDQ-NL will lead to better recognition and treatment of bipolar disorder in the Netherlands.
Published: 2008

74. PARITY VIOLATION IN239U NEUTRON RESONANCES

Author: C. R. Gould, H. Postma, David G. Haase, S. I. Penttilä, J. E. Bush, C.M. Frankle, C.D. Bowman, P. P. J. Delheij, G. E. Mitchell, Xiaofeng Zhu, J.J. Szymanski, S. J. Seestrom, V.W. Yuan, N. R. Roberson, and J. N. Knudson
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, General Engineering, Neutron, Parity (physics)
Published: 1990
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75. H2(p,2p)nreaction at 508 MeV: Recoil momentum >200 MeV/c

Author: V. A. Punjabi, P.R. Poffenberger, H.P. Gubler, H. Postma, D. J. Margaziotis, W.P. Lee, A.W. Stetz, H. J. Sebel, C. F. Perdrisat, C. A. Davis, A. Bracco, K. A. Aniol, J. P. Huber, M. B. Epstein, and W. T. H. van Oers
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cyclotron, Kinetic energy, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Recoil, law, Double scattering, Neutron, Atomic physics, Glauber, Excitation
Abstract: Differential cross sections are presented for the reaction {sup 2}H({ital p},2{ital p}){ital n} at {ital T}{sub {ital p}}=507 and 508 MeV for neutron recoil momenta ranging from 200 to 670 MeV/{ital c}. Data were taken for a wide range of kinematic conditions in which the relative kinetic energy between pairs of particles in the final state varied from 12 to 318 MeV. The data are compared with the impulse approximation (IA), which includes both {ital p}-{ital p} and {ital p}-{ital n} knockout terms, as well as with a nonrelativistic Glauber theory calculation (MS), which describes double scattering and final state interactions. The MS calculation agrees well with most of the data and is a significant improvement over the IA. Some of the data show evidence of virtual {Delta} excitation in the final state.
Published: 1990
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76. Developments and applications of polarized targets

Author: H. Postma
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutron, Parity (physics), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Neutron scattering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: Polarized targets have been used with increasing sophistication in a considerable number of experiments during the past two decades. In this paper methods to polarize nuclear targets are briefly discussed together with some developments in materials and techniques. Applications in quite different fields will be reviewed on the basis of some selected experiments and proposals, ranging from small-angle neutron scattering to experiments which should reveal the spin-structure of the proton and neutron. Experiments and proposals for basic symmetries (parity violation, time reversal and charge symmetry) are included as well.
Published: 1990
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77. PARITY AND TIME REVERSAL VIOLATION IN RESONANCE NEUTRON TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS WITH POLARIZED TARGETS

Author: David G. Haase, H. Postma, C. R. Gould, J. D. Bowman, and N. R. Roberson
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Hadron, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Elementary particle, Parity (physics), Fermion, Induced polarization, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Neutron, Nucleon
Abstract: The formalism for evaluating parity and time reversal violating terms in total cross sections of polarized targets and low energy resonance neutrons is reviewed. A complete set of symmetry violating terms (P-odd, T-even; P-odd, T-odd; and P-even, T-odd) is obtained by analyzing the dependence of the cross section on the statistical tensors describing the beam and target. Results are tabulated in numerical and closed analytic form, using the j-spin representation. P-odd, T-even experiments are classified, with emphasis on experiments with an unpolarized beam and a polarized target where the effect of induced polarization is found to be small. Different combinations of partial neutron widths are shown to enter when P-odd, T-odd effects are compared to P-odd, T-even effects. The results for P-even, T-odd experiments for single level and two level mixing are summarized.
Published: 1990
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78. Specific heat of superconducting YbBa2Cu3O(7−δ) between 0.1 and 1 K and in fields up to 0.6 T

Author: H. Postma, H.C. Meijer, M.J.V. Menken, and R.W. Willekers
Subjects: Superconductivity, Materials science, Specific heat, Zero field, Condensed matter physics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Ising model, Crystallite, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Anisotropy, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field
Abstract: Measurements of the specific heat of polycrystalline, superconducting YbBa 2 Cu 3 O (7−σ) by means of two nonadiabatic methods between 0.1 and 1 K in magnetic fields of 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 T are presented. The specific heat obtained in zero field can be adequately described with an anisotropic two-dimensional, S = 1 2 Ising model, with a ratio of the exchange parameters J / J ′=4 and a critical temperature T c =245±5 mK. The measurements in external magnetic fields show that the sample orders antiferromagnetically.
Published: 1990
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79. Thick film thermometers with predictable R-T characteristics and very low magnetoresistance below 1 K

Author: H. Postma, F. Mathu, R.W. Willekers, and H.C. Meijer
Subjects: Materials science, Magnetoresistance, Condensed matter physics, Field (physics), General Physics and Astronomy, Atmospheric temperature range, Thermal conduction, Magnetic field, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, law, Thermometer, General Materials Science, Resistance thermometer, Resistor
Abstract: A new type of RuO 2 -based thick film resistor has been investigated for use as a thermometer in the millikelvin temperature range. The resistance versus temperature behaviour between 25 and 800 mK can be described with an accuracy of better than 0.5% by the relation found for conduction by variable-range hopping: R ( T ) = R 0 exp[( T 0 / T ) α ], with α = 0.345. This relation was found to be valid down to at least 6 mK with an accuracy of a few per cent. The low temperature resistance behaviour can be predicted within 2% starting from the room temperature resistance value. The thermometers show a small negative magnetoresistance effect from which the apparent temperature change exceeds 2% only at temperatures below 0.1 K and in fields of more than 5 T. No dependence of the magnetoresistance effect on the orientation of the field has been found.
Published: 1990
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80. A line-shape analysis for spin-1 NMR signals

Author: J. Kyynärämen, S. Bültmann, J. Vogt, D. Crabb, T. Pussieux, F. Lehar, D. Krämer, F. Tessarotto, Yu. Kisselev, F. Perrot-Kunne, W. Kröger, Iskender Atilla Reyhancan, T. Lindqvist, J. Ylöstalo, L. Naumann, J. Cranshaw, A. Bressan, P. Schiavon, W. Wislicki, I. Sabo, A. Karev, C. Dulya, Matias Rodriguez, M. Litmaath, G. Igo, T. Çuhadar, J. A. Garzon, A. Steinmetz, Franco Bradamante, D. Y. Bardin, B. Derro, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, J. Harmsen, A. Witzmann, Günter Baum, Ricardo Piegaia, M. Giorgi, N. Horikawa, Patrick Hautle, P. Berglund, Clemens A. Heusch, E. Rondio, D. L. Adams, S. K. Dhawan, J. Zhao, R. Birsa, F. Feinstein, A. Magnon, N. de Botton, D. Pose, Victor Kukhtin, G. Unel, J. H. Moromisato, K. Zaremba, H. J. Kessler, M. Lamanna, E. von Goeler, F. Sever, Roland Windmolders, D. Peshekhonov, K. Rurek, G. van Middelkoop, M. Plo, G. Reicherz, V. W. Hughes, S. Dalla Torre, David Miller, A. Arvidson, L. Klostermann, E. Gülmez, J. M. Le Goff, Alan D. Martin, E. Burtin, T. Kageya, E. M. Kabuß, A. Gallas, H. Postma, R. E. Segel, M. K. Ballintijn, A. Ogawa, G. K. Mallot, M. Boutemeur, D. Fasching, W. Meyer, J. Saborido, T. Hasegawa, J. S. McCarthy, A. de Lesquen, K. M. Teichert, A. Rijllart, Anna Zanetti, T. Matsuda, J. Pretz, A. Kishi, J. Martino, Bernardo Adeva, Jay Roberts, A. Rosado, R. Gehring, D. von Harrach, M. Lowe, T. Gaussiran, Lawrence S. Pinsky, St. Goertz, Michal Szleper, M. Grosse Perdekamp, Yannis K. Semertzidis, J. Pyrlik, J. C. Faivre, C. A. Whitten, Lidia Kalinovskaya, G. Gracia, Regine Willumeit, A. Sandacz, L. Betev, A. Dyring, W. Tlaczala, I.A. Savin, M. Velasco, Takahiro Iwata, S. Eichblatt, S. Rock, P. Björkholm, B. W. Mayes, C. Cavata, E. P. Sichtermann, P. Shanahan, B. Frois, K. P. Schüler, E. Arik, U. Stiegler, Roy Weinstein, N. De Groot, F. Simeoni, A. Nagaitsev, G.I. Smirnov, F. Marie, Aina Yañez, T. O. Niinikoski, J. E.J. Oberski, J. Nassalski, R. Seitz, Faustino Gómez, Kunikazu Mori, K. Medved, A. Tripet, J. Lichtenstadt, S. Platchkov, S. Ishimoto, R. van Dantzig, B. E. Bonner, C. S. Özben, Rudiger Voss, Ulrich Landgraf, V. G. Krivokhijine, Drew Parks, G. Bardin, A. Staude, Abhay Deshpande, T. J. Ketel, B. Badelek, C. Fernandez, N. Hayashi, I. G. Bird, (Astro)-Particles Physics, C., Dulya, D., Adam, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, D., Bardin, G., Bardin, G., Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Björkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, M., Boutemeur, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, S., Bültmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Çuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, B., Derro, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, B., Froi, A., Galla, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, R., Gehring, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, Goertz, S. t., F., Gomez, G., Gracia, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, E., Gülmez, J., Harmsen, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabuß, T., Kageya, L., Kalinovskaya, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, A., Kishi, Kisselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, D., Krämer, V., Krivokhijine, W., Kröger, V., Kukhtin, K., Kurek, J., Kyynäräinen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, W., Meyer, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, A., Nagaitsev, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, C., Ozben, D. P., Park, F., Perrot Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, L., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, G., Reicherz, I., Reyhancan, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, S., Rock, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, A., Rosado, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, I., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, K. P., Schüler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, Y., Semertzidi, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, E. P., Sichtermann, F., Simeoni, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, M., Szleper, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, W., Tlaczala, A., Tripet, G., Unel, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, A., Yañez, J., Ylöstalo, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, K., Zaremba, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Coupling constant, Physics, dis, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Butanol, media_common.quotation_subject, smc, polarized target, Q meter, di, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, Molecular physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dipole, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Deuterium, chemistry, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, Shape analysis (digital geometry), media_common
Abstract: An analytic model of the deuteron absorption function has been developed and is compared to experimental NMR signals of deuterated butanol obtained at the SMC experiment in order to determine the deuteron polarization. The absorption function model includes dipolar broadening and a frequency-dependent treatment of the intensity factors. The high-precision TE signal data available are used to adjust the model for Q-meter distortions and dispersion effects. Once the Q-meter adjustment is made, the enhanced polarizations determined by the asymmetry and TE-calibration methods compare well within the accuracy of each method. In analyzing the NMR signals, the quadrupolar coupling constants could be determined for both the CD and the OD bonds of deuterated butanol.
Published: 1997
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81. A new measurement of the spin-dependent structure function $g_{1}(x)$ of the deuteron

Author: T. Kageya, A. Staude, L. Naumann, T. Pussieux, C. Dulya, C. A. Heusch, D. Peshekhonov, E. Arik, H. Postma, Ricardo Piegaia, Cristino Pérez, S. Rock, S. K. Dhawan, Iskender Atilla Reyhancan, M. Giorgi, S. Ishimoto, U. Stiegler, L. Klostermann, P. Schiavon, T. O. Niinikoski, T. J. Ketel, A. Nagaitsev, S. Lopez-Ponte, N. de Botton, Abhay Deshpande, E. P. Sichtermann, A. Steinmetz, L. Betev, M. Lamanna, E. Rondio, R. van Dantzig, David Miller, P. Shanahan, M. Plo, H. Stuhrmann, A. Ogawa, G.I. Smirnov, R. Granier de Cassagnac, H. J. Kessler, Roland Windmolders, J. M. Le Goff, M. Clocchiatti, M. K. Ballintijn, A. Arvidson, J. Lichtenstadt, S. Platchkov, G. K. Mallot, S. Eichblatt, J. Kyynäräinen, T. Hasegawa, J. Nassalski, Yu. Kisselev, M. Rodriguez, I. Sabo, Patrick Hautle, B. E. Bonner, A. Karev, F. Marie, R.E. Segel, I.A. Savin, V. G. Krivokhijine, Michal Szleper, A. Kishi, E. M. Kabuß, G. Igo, Alan D. Martin, J. E.J. Oberski, C. S. Özben, R. Seitz, Jay Roberts, M. Grosse Perdekamp, T. Çuhadar, Rudiger Voss, G. Bardin, B. W. Mayes, J. Pretz, S. Bültmann, J. A. Garzon, Franco Bradamante, Takahiro Iwata, J. Zhao, E. Burtin, Wojciech Wislicki, E. Gülmez, A. Magnon, J. Cranshaw, G. Gracia, D. Fasching, J. Saborido, A. Sandacz, Anna Zanetti, R. Birsa, F. Feinstein, Alessandro Bressan, J. Martino, D. von Harrach, Donald Crabb, P. Björkholm, C. Cavata, Yannis K. Semertzidis, J. Pyrlik, Kunikazu Mori, Naoaki Horikawa, Regine Willumeit, C. A. Whitten, Mayda Velasco, Lawrence Pinsky, K. Medved, J. S. McCarthy, A. Dyring, F. Lehar, A. Witzmann, G. van Middelkoop, Aldo Penzo, D. L. Adams, D. Pose, Ulrich Landgraf, A. de Lesquen, B. Badelek, C. Fernandez, N. Hayashi, A. Rijllart, Bernardo Adeva, M. Litmaath, Günter Baum, P. Berglund, E. von Goeler, B. Frois, Roy Weinstein, D. Krämer, Krzysztof Kurek, N. De Groot, T. Matsuda, M. Lowe, J. Vogt, J. H. Moromisato, Vernon W. Hughes, S. Dalla Torre, F. Tessarotto, F. Perrot-Kunne, W. Kröger, D., Adam, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, G., Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, Birsa, Renato, P., Björkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, S., Bültmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, M., Clocchiatti, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Çuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, A., Deshpande, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, B., Froi, J. A., Garzon, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, G., Gracia, R., Granier de Cassagnac, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, E., Gülmez, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabuß, T., Kageya, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, A., Kishi, Kisselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, D., Krämer, V., Krivokhijine, W., Kröger, K., Kurek, J., Kyynäräinen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, M., Litmaath, S., Lopez Ponte, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, A., Nagaitsev, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, A., Ogawa, C., Ozben, A., Penzo, C., Perez, F., Perrot Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, L., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, I., Reyhancan, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, S., Rock, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, I., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, R., Segel, R., Seitz, Y., Semertzidi, P., Shanahan, E. P., Sichtermann, G. I., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, M., Szleper, F., Tessarotto, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, Structure function, Deep inelastic scattering, deep inelastic scattering, spin sum rule, SMC experiment, Standard deviation, Nuclear physics, Deuterium, Sum rule in quantum mechanics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Spin-½
Abstract: We present a new measurement of the spin-dependent structure function g 1 d of the deuteron in deep inelastic scattering of 190 GeV polarised muons on polarised deuterons, in the kinematic range 0.003 x 2 Q 2 2 . This structure function is found to be negative at small x . The first moment Γ 1 d =∫ 0 1 g 1 d d x evaluated at Q 0 2 = 10 GeV 2 is 0.034 ± 0.009 (stat.) ± 0.006 (syst.). This value is below the Ellis-Jaffe sum rule prediction by three standard deviations. Using our earlier determination of Γ 1 p , we obtain Γ 1 p − Γ 1 n = 0.199 ± 0.038 which agrees with the Bjorken sum rule.
Published: 1995
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82. Combined analysis of world data on nucleon spin structure functions

Author: F. Tessarotto, S. Ishimoto, B. Frois, Shafqat Ahmad, N. Horikawa, A. Penzo, L. Naumann, H. Stuhrmann, M. Plo, W. Wislicki, C. A. Heusch, K. Lau, A. Staude, T. Lindqvist, Per Berglund, J. Cranshaw, A. Witzmann, J. P. Chen, D.V. Peshekhonov, Günter Baum, L. Klostermann, A. Kishi, S. Eichblatt, M. Ballintijn, N. Hayashi, A. Sandacz, R. Kaiser, Lawrence S. Pinsky, A. de Lesquen, A. Dyring, J. S. McCarthy, D. Fasching, G.I. Smirnov, B. E. Bonner, E. von Goeler, S. Platchkov, J. Saborido, A. Martin, T. Gaussiran, S. Trentalange, H. Postma, Ulrich Landgraf, T. J. Ketel, G. van Middelkoop, K. Mori, Sergey M. Sergeev, L. Ropelewski, S. Lopez-Ponte, M. Boutemeur, J. Clement, Yu. Kisselev, H. J. Kessler, W. Thiel, C. Dulya, R. Segel, S. Bültmann, T. Pussieux, C. A. Whitten, R. Voss, V. Krivokhijine, M. Giorgi, A. Karev, E. Burtin, Y. Tzamouranis, Ricardo Piegaia, A. Rijllart, D. Pose, T. Hasegawa, K. M. Teichert, K. P. Schüler, I. Sabo, Bernardo Adeva, F. Feinstein, M. Velasco, A. Arvidson, S. K. Dhawan, T. Çuhadar, G. Bardin, T. Layda, R. van Dantzig, G. Gracia, E. Rondio, M. Lowe, S. Dalla Torre, D. Sanders, E. M. Kabuß, M. Clocchiatti, A. Magnon, I.A. Savin, M. Litmaath, F. Perrot-Kunne, F. Lehar, G. Perez, S. Okumi, B. W. Mayes, G. S. Mutchler, A. Brüll, Gerhard K. Mallot, J. Moromisato, Alessandro Bressan, D. Day, D. von Harrach, J. M. Rieubland, N. de Botton, Victor Kukhtin, J. Pyrlik, M. Grosse Perdekamp, L. Betev, I. G. Bird, A. Rosado, J. A. Buchanan, Takahiro Iwata, F. Marie, C. Garabatos, J. Martino, D. Crabb, J. Vogt, A. Steinmetz, J. Mitchell, M. D. Corcoran, M. de Jong, J. E. J. Oberski, Jinkui Zhao, Phiala E. Shanahan, Aina Yañez, T. O. Niinikoski, Deborah L. Miller, R. Birsa, B. Badelek, C. Fernandez, J. B. Roberts, R. Windmolders, Andrés Gómez, F. Sever, V. W. Hughes, Matias Rodriguez, R. Seitz, J. Lichtenstadt, G. Igo, J. A. Garzon, Franco Bradamante, M. Lamanna, P. Björkholm, C. Cavata, A. M. Zanetti, P. Schiavon, J. Nassalski, Roy Weinstein, J. C. Faivre, J. Kyynäräinen, B., Adeva, S., Ahmad, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, G., Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Björkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, M., Boutemeur, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, A., Brüll, J., Buchanan, S., Bültmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, J. P., Chen, J., Clement, M., Clocchiatti, M. D., Corcoran, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Çuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, D., Day, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, B., Froi, C., Garabato, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, A., Gomez, G., Gracia, M., Grosse Perdekamp, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, M., de Jong, E. M., Kabuß, R., Kaiser, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, A., Kishi, Kisselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, V., Krivokhijine, V., Kukhtin, J., Kyynäräinen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, K., Lau, T., Layda, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, S., Lopez Ponte, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, J., Mitchell, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, G. S., Mutchler, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, S., Okumi, A., Penzo, G., Perez, F., Perrot Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, L., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, J. M., Rieubland, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, L., Ropelewski, A., Rosado, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, D., Sander, I., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, K. P., Schüler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, S., Sergeev, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, G., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, H., Stuhrmann, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, W., Thiel, S., Trentalange, Y., Tzamourani, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, A., Yañez, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Strange quark, Neutron magnetic moment, n: structure function, Nuclear Theory, sum rule: Bjorken, Nucleon spin structure, structure function: spin, Nuclear physics, numerical calculations: interpretation of experiments, polarised deep inelastic scattering, quark: strangeness, Neutron, p: structure function, structure function: moment, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½, Physics, spin: structure function, deuteron: structure function, deuteron and neutron spin dependent structure function, deuteron and neutron spin dependent structure functions, quark: spin, Nuclear magnetic moment, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, SMC experiment, proton, Particle Physics - Experiment, spin: quark
Abstract: We analyse the proton, deuteron and neutron spin dependent structure functions at fixed $Q^{2}$ = 5 GeV$^{2}$. The experimental asymmetries for the proton, neutron and deuteron are compared and found to be consistent. The first moment of the neutron structure function is evaluated using all available data. We find that the Bjorken sum rule is confirmed within an experimental uncertainty of 17%. The quark spin contribution to the nucleon spin is small, and the strange quark spin content is different from zero.
Published: 1994
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83. Measurement of the deuteron polarization in a large target

Author: B. Frois, F. Sever, J. Vogt, G. Salvato, G. Gracia, S. Ishimoto, D. Sanders, Sergey M. Sergeev, T. Lindqvist, N. Horikawa, R. Seitz, H. Postma, I. Sabo, D.V. Peshekhonov, G. Bardin, M. Litmaath, Alessandro Bressan, M. Lowe, D. von Harrach, P. Shanahan, J. H. Moromisato, R. Kaiser, R. Voss, C. Whitten, J. Pyrlik, Tjeerd Ketel, M. Plo, F. Marie, L. Betev, G. Perez, R. van Dantzig, T. Çuhadar, S. Platchkov, A. Sandacz, O. Rondon, A. Brüll, G.I. Smirnov, S. Dalla Torre, G. van Middelkoop, M. Clocchiatti, Anna Zanetti, A. Witzmann, M. Ballintijn, J. Kyynäräinen, N. Hayashi, K. Mori, P. Björkholm, H. Stuhrmann, C. A. Heusch, C. Cavata, J.M. Clement, T. Pussieux, Roy Weinstein, L. Klostermann, B. Neganov, Gerhard K. Mallot, T. O. Niinikoski, J. Lichtenstadt, J. M. Rieubland, Kwong Lau, B. E. Bonner, J.A. Buchanan, M. Rodriguez, F. Perrot-Kunne, S. Bültmann, Patrick Hautle, D. Pose, Donal Day, N. de Botton, Victor Kukhtin, M. Lamanna, A. Rijllart, Bernardo Adeva, F. Tessarotto, N.I. Zamiatin, A. Dyring, P. Schüler, C. Garabatos, David Miller, L. Naumann, C. Dulya, P. Berglund, E. Rondio, Ricardo Piegaia, M. Giorgi, T. Layda, T. Gaussiran, Y. Kisselev, J. Cranshaw, T. Hasegawa, Shafqat Ahmad, I. A. Golutvin, M. Velasco, W. Thiel, Wojciech Wislicki, S. Eichblatt, J. Saborido, S. Okumi, S. Lopez-Ponte, W. Knop, E. Burtin, M. Boutemeur, D. Fasching, E. M. Kabuss, J. S. McCarthy, A. Kishi, A. Rosado, Lawrence S. Pinsky, A. de Lesquen, J. Oberski, A. Staude, R. Birsa, D. Krämer, Y. Tzamouranis, J. Mitchell, Aldo Penzo, A. Magnon, J. P. Chen, M. D. Corcoran, Günter Baum, V. Krivokhijine, A. Steinmetz, A. Karev, R.E. Segel, F. Lehar, E. von Goeler, Alan D. Martin, W. Grübler, J. Martino, V. W. Hughes, D. Crabb, Ulrich Landgraf, F. Feinstein, G.S. Mutchler, K. M. Teichert, Jay Roberts, I. G. Bird, M. Grosse Perdekamp, G. Igo, Takahiro Iwata, J. A. Garzon, Franco Bradamante, H. J. Kessler, Roland Windmolders, I.A. Savin, P. Schiavon, B. W. Mayes, L. Ropelewski, A. Arvidson, S. K. Dhawan, M. de Jong, Julien Faivre, J. Nassalski, A. Yañez, B. Badelek, C. Fernandez, Andrés Gómez, I. Kiryushin, B., Adeva, S., Ahmad, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, G., Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Björkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, M., Boutemeur, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, A., Brüll, J., Buchanan, S., Bültmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, J. P., Chen, J., Clement, M., Clocchiatti, M. D., Corcoran, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, T., Çuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, D., Day, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, B., Froi, C., Garabato, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, I. A., Golutvin, A., Gomez, G., Gracia, M., Grosse Perdekamp, W., Grübler, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, M., de Jong, E. M., Kabu, R., Kaiser, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, I., Kiryushin, A., Kishi, Y., Kisselev, L., Klostermann, W., Knop, D., Krämer, V., Krivokhijine, V., Kukhtin, J., Kyynäräinen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, K., Lau, T., Layda, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, S., Lopez Ponte, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, J., Mitchell, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, G. S., Mutchler, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, B., Neganov, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, S., Okumi, A., Penzo, G., Perez, F., Perrot Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, L., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, J. M., Rieubland, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, O., Rondon, L., Ropelewski, A., Rosado, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, G., Salvato, A., Sandacz, D., Sander, I., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, P., Schüler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, S., Sergeev, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, G., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, H., Stuhrmann, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, W., Thiel, Y., Tzamourani, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, A., Yañez, N. I., Zamiatin, and Zanetti, ANNA MARIA
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, deuteron: polarized target, deuteron target polarization measurement, PROTON, ND3, polarized target: deuteron, polarization: longitudinal, measurement: polarization, muon deuteron: nuclear reaction, Electromagnetic interference, Nuclear physics, Thermal, NMR system, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instrumentation, polarized beam: muon, Physics, Thermal equilibrium, Reproducibility, Muon, magnetic: resonance, CERN SPS, Polarization (waves), longitudinal: polarization, Magnetic field, Computational physics, Deuterium, polarization: measurement, resonance: magnetic, muon: polarized beam
Abstract: The 10-probe NMR system for measuring the polarization in the deuterated butanol target of the Spin Muon Collaboration is presented. It is calibrated by determining the integrated spectrum in thermal equilibrium at 1 K. Thermal stabilization and control of electromagnetic interference were effective in reducing drift and electronic noise, so that high quality thermal equilibrium signals were obtained. The calibration constant was determined with a reproducibility of 2%. Systematic effects of circuit drift and of the magnetic field shift have been studied. The resulting 4.4% uncertainty of the calibration dominates the 5% overall error on the target polarization value which was typically 0.45.
Published: 1994
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84. Spin Asymmetry in Muon--Proton Deep Inelastic Scattering on a Transversely-Polarized Target

Author: D. Adams, B. Adeva, E. Arik, A. Arvidson, B. Badelek, M.K. Ballintijn, G. Bardin, G. Baum, P. Berglund, L. Betev, I.G. Bird, R. Birsa, P. Björkholm, B.E. Bonner, N. de Botton, F. Bradamante, A. Bressan, A. Brüll, S. Bültmann, E. Burtin, C. Cavata, M. Clocchiatti, M.D. Corcoran, D. Crabb, J. Cranshaw, M. Crawford, T. Çuhadar, S. Dalla Torre, R. van Dantzig, S. Dhawan, C. Dulya, A. Dyring, S. Eichblatt, J.C. Faivre, D. Fasching, F. Feinstein, C. Fernandez, B. Frois, J.A. Garzon, T. Gaussiran, M. Giorgi, E. von Goeler, G. Gracia, N. de Groot, M. Grosse Perdekamp, E. Gülmez, D. von Harrach, T. Hasegawa, P. Hautle, N. Hayashi, C.A. Heusch, N. Horikawa, V.W. Hughes, G. Igo, S. Ishimoto, T. Iwata, E.M. Kabuβ, R. Kaiser, A. Karev, H.J. Kessler, T.J. Ketel, A. Kishi, Yu. Kisselev, L. Klostermann, D. Krämer, V. Krivokhijine, V. Kukhtin, J. Kyynäräinen, M. Lamanna, U. Landgraf, K. Lau, T. Layda, J.M. Le Goff, F. Lehar, A. de Lesquen, J. Lichtenstadt, T. Lindqvist, M. Litmaath, S. Lopez-Ponte, M. Lowe, A. Magnon, G.K. Mallot, F. Marie, A. Martin, J. Martino, T. Matsuda, B. Mayes, J.S. McCarthy, K. Medved, G. van Middelkoop, D. Miller, K. Mori, J. Moromisato, A. Nagaitsev, J. Nassalski, L. Naumann, T.O. Niinikoski, J.E.J. Oberski, D.P. Parks, A. Penzo, C. Perez, F. Perrot-Kunne, D. Peshekhonov, R. Piegaia, L. Pinsky, S. Platchkov, M. Plo, D. Pose, H. Postma, J. Pretz, T. Pussieux, J. Pyrlik, I. Reyhancan, J.M. Rieubland, A. Rijllart, J.B. Roberts, S. Rock, M. Rodriguez, E. Rondio, A. Rosado, I. Sabo, J. Saborido, A. Sandacz, I. Savin, P. Schiavon, K.P. Schüler, R. Segel, R. Seitz, Y. Semertzidis, F. Sever, P. Shanahan, N. Shumeiko, G. Smirnov, A. Staude, A. Steinmetz, U. Stiegler, H. Stuhrmann, K.M. Teichert, F. Tessarotto, M. Velasco, J. Vogt, R. Voss, R. Weinstein, C. Whitten, R. Windmolders, R. Willumeit, W. Wislicki, A. Witzmann, A.M. Zanetti, J. Zhao, D., Adam, B., Adeva, E., Arik, A., Arvidson, B., Badelek, M. K., Ballintijn, G., Bardin, G., Baum, P., Berglund, L., Betev, I. G., Bird, Birsa, Renato, P., Björkholm, B. E., Bonner, N., de Botton, Bradamante, Franco, Bressan, Andrea, A., Brüll, S., Bültmann, E., Burtin, C., Cavata, M., Clocchiatti, M. D., Corcoran, D., Crabb, J., Cranshaw, M., Crawford, T., Çuhadar, DALLA TORRE, Silvia, R., van Dantzig, S., Dhawan, C., Dulya, A., Dyring, S., Eichblatt, J. C., Faivre, D., Fasching, F., Feinstein, C., Fernandez, B., Froi, J. A., Garzon, T., Gaussiran, Giorgi, Marcello, E., von Goeler, G., Gracia, N., de Groot, M., Grosse Perdekamp, E., Gülmez, D., von Harrach, T., Hasegawa, P., Hautle, N., Hayashi, C. A., Heusch, N., Horikawa, V. W., Hughe, G., Igo, S., Ishimoto, T., Iwata, E. M., Kabuβ, R., Kaiser, A., Karev, H. J., Kessler, T. J., Ketel, A., Kishi, Kisselev, Y. u., L., Klostermann, D., Krämer, V., Krivokhijine, V., Kukhtin, J., Kyynäräinen, M., Lamanna, U., Landgraf, K., Lau, T., Layda, J. M., Le Goff, F., Lehar, A., de Lesquen, J., Lichtenstadt, T., Lindqvist, M., Litmaath, S., Lopez Ponte, M., Lowe, A., Magnon, G. K., Mallot, F., Marie, Martin, Anna, J., Martino, T., Matsuda, B., Maye, J. S., Mccarthy, K., Medved, G., van Middelkoop, D., Miller, K., Mori, J., Moromisato, A., Nagaitsev, J., Nassalski, L., Naumann, T. O., Niinikoski, J. E. J., Oberski, D. P., Park, A., Penzo, C., Perez, F., Perrot Kunne, D., Peshekhonov, R., Piegaia, L., Pinsky, S., Platchkov, M., Plo, D., Pose, H., Postma, J., Pretz, T., Pussieux, J., Pyrlik, I., Reyhancan, J. M., Rieubland, A., Rijllart, J. B., Robert, S., Rock, M., Rodriguez, E., Rondio, A., Rosado, I., Sabo, J., Saborido, A., Sandacz, I., Savin, Schiavon, Paolo, K. P., Schüler, R., Segel, R., Seitz, Y., Semertzidi, F., Sever, P., Shanahan, N., Shumeiko, G., Smirnov, A., Staude, A., Steinmetz, U., Stiegler, H., Stuhrmann, K. M., Teichert, F., Tessarotto, M., Velasco, J., Vogt, R., Vo, R., Weinstein, C., Whitten, R., Windmolder, R., Willumeit, W., Wislicki, A., Witzmann, Zanetti, ANNA MARIA, and J., Zhao
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton, media_common.quotation_subject, transversely polarized protons, polarization: longitudinal, FOS: Physical sciences, structure function: spin, Inelastic scattering, Spin structure, Asymmetry, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), p: polarized target, Experiment-HEP, deep inelastic scattering, deep inelastic scattering: muon p, polarization: transverse, Nuclear Experiment, polarized beam: muon, SMC experiment, Spin-½, media_common, Physics, cross section: asymmetry, spin: structure function, Muon, Scattering, CERN SPS, polarized target: p, longitudinal: polarization, Deep inelastic scattering, transversely polarized proton, magnetic spectrometer: experimental results, muon p: deep inelastic scattering, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, transverse: polarization, muon: polarized beam, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We measured the spin asymmetry in the scattering of 100 GeV longitudinally-polarized muons on transversely polarized protons. The asymmetry was found to be compatible with zero in the kinematic range $0.006, Comment: 10 pages CERN-PPE/94-116
Published: 1994
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85. Spin asymmetries for events with highpThadrons in DIS and an evaluation of the gluon polarization

Author: A. Staude, T. O. Niinikoski, S. Platchkov, Y. Miyachi, C. S. Özben, A. Karev, W. Meyer, Etienne Burtin, G. Igo, Rudiger Voss, T. J. Ketel, J. A. Garzon, Franco Bradamante, M. Plo, J. E.J. Oberski, Gerhard K. Mallot, W. Tlaczala, A. Magnon, P. Schiavon, Matias Rodriguez, D. Peshekhonov, David Miller, E. P. Sichtermann, T. Hasegawa, T. Matsuda, J. Kiryluk, M. Litmaath, F. Simeoni, G.I. Smirnov, A. Bravar, J. Martino, J. Lichtenstadt, R. Sulej, Jay Roberts, B. Derro, Jinkui Zhao, M. Grosse Perdekamp, J. Nassalski, G. Unel, H. Gilly, S. Bültmann, D. Pose, Massimo Lamanna, Yu. Kisselev, V. W. Hughes, E. Rondio, J. H. Moromisato, Takahiro Iwata, H. J. Kessler, E. Arik, G. Reicherz, Naoaki Horikawa, Ulrich Landgraf, A. Arvidson, H. Pereira, K. Kowalik, K. Kurek, D. von Harrach, Andrea Bressan, A. Gallas, J. M. Le Goff, T. Çuhadar, Patrick Hautle, S. Ishimoto, A. de Lesquen, St. Goertz, S. Dalla Torre, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, G. Rädel, C. Dulya, Mayda Velasco, Anna Zanetti, J. Vogt, R. van Dantzig, L. Klostermann, Ricardo Piegaia, E. M. Kabuß, D. Thers, M. Giorgi, A. Witzmann, D. Fasching, F. Lehar, C. A. Whitten, B. Badelek, J. Kyynäräinen, A. Tripet, Günter Baum, C. Fernandez, J. Cranshaw, Kunikazu Mori, B. Frois, N. Hayashi, P. Berglund, K. Medved, R. Windmolders, U. Stiegler, S. Eichblatt, E. von Goeler, A. Ogawa, Bernardo Adeva, I. Sabo, A. M. Kotzinian, J. S. McCarthy, K. Haft, F. Tessarotto, W. Kröger, Abhay Deshpande, F. Feinstein, S. K. Dhawan, Clemens A. Heusch, R. Birsa, J. Pretz, I.A. Savin, G. Gracia, Lawrence Pinsky, A. Sandacz, N. de Botton, B. W. Mayes, K. Zaremba, H. Postma, J. Saborido, N. De Groot, Regine Willumeit, Alan D. Martin, F. Marie, F. Kunne, D. G. Crabb, A. Steinmetz, L. Betev, and W. Wiślicki
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson production, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Deep inelastic scattering, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Gluon, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, media_common
Abstract: We present a measurement of the longitudinal spin cross section asymmetry for deep-inelastic muon-nucleon interactions with two high transverse momentum hadrons in the final state. Two methods of event classification are used to increase the contribution of the photon-gluon fusion process to above 30%. The most effective one, based on a neural network approach, provides the asymmetries A(p)lN(-->)lhhX=0.030+/-0.057(stat)+/-0.010(syst) and A(d)lN(-->)lhhX=0.070+/-0.076(stat)+/-0.010(syst). From these values we derive an averaged gluon polarization DeltaG/G=-0.20+/-0.28(stat)+/-0.10(syst) at an average fraction of nucleon momentum carried by gluons =0.07.
Published: 2004
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86. U.S. Conventional Weapons Proliferation Policies are Inadequate

Author: Michael H. Postma
Subjects: Politics, Engineering, Public economics, business.industry, Process (engineering), Control (management), Strategy research, Military strategy, Combat readiness, Policy guidelines, Operations management, business, Industrial relations
Abstract: This Strategy Research Project (SRP) evaluates U.S. policies regarding the proliferation of conventional weapons throughout the world and makes recommendations for improvement. It briefly focuses on events and political decisions that led to current U.S. policies. It then reviews the current arms market identifying the conventional weapons buyers and sellers; it analyzes these market influences on U.S. conventional arms proliferation policies and outlines the U.S. process for conventional weapons sales. U.S. policies for conventional weapons sales are detailed. Economics regional stability risks to U.S. citizens and multilateral weapons control initiatives are cited as the most important issues that U.S. policy makers must weigh as they develop policy guidelines. The current U.S. conventional arms proliferation policies are discussed and evaluated against four criteria: national interests costs U.S. defense industrial base and U.S. public support. This analysis focuses on the trends that affect military readiness. The SRP concludes with specific recommendations.
Published: 2004
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87. Cascadeγdecay study of108Agfollowing thermal and resonance neutron capture in107Ag

Author: I. Tomandl, F. Becvar, L. Zanini, J. Honzatko, H. Postma, M. Krtička, and F. Corvi
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Nuclear Theory, Neutron temperature, Nuclear physics, Cascade, Neutron cross section, Nuclear binding energy, Neutron, Nuclear drip line, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: With the aim to obtain information on the E1 and M1 photon strength functions at g-ray energies below the neutron separation energy, we studied two-step g cascades following the capture of thermal neutrons in 107 Ag. For this purpose, we undertook an experiment with the dedicated facility for two-step g cascades at the Rez ˇ research reactor. The obtained data were discussed in conjunction with previous results from resonance neutron capture measurements with the same isotope, obtained at the GELINA facility of the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements. The cascade g decay of the 108 Ag compound nucleus has been simulated with the aid of the Monte Carlo algorithm DICEBOX assuming several models for photon strength functions. To interpret the results of the experiments, the outcome from these simulations was confronted with the observed cascade-related quantities. The results indicate that the E1 photon strength function below the neutron binding energy is suppressed with respect to the conventional Brink-Axel model and that the M1 and/or possibly E2 photon strengths may play an important role in the decay of compound nucleus at excitations below '3 MeV.
Published: 2003
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88. Non-destructive elemental analysis of copper-alloy artefacts with epithermal neutron-resonance capture

Author: M. Blaauw, H. Postma, G. Lobo, Peter Schillebeeckx, R. B. Halbertsma, Albertus Nijboer, and Groningen Institute of Archaeology
Subjects: Materials science, biology, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Induced radioactivity, Mineralogy, Patera, engineering.material, biology.organism_classification, Elemental analysis, Non destructive, engineering, Neutron cross section, Neutron, Bronze
Abstract: In this paper Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis (NRCA) will be discussed. It is a new method for studying the elemental composition of materials and objects. Neutron resonances in the range from 1 eV to 10 keV are used as “fingerprints” for identifying elements. NRCA is demonstrated on two bronze artefacts, i) a rim fragment of a vessel (cauldron) excavated in Satricum, Italy (60 km south of Rome), and ii) a hand holding an offering bowl (patera) of an Etruscan statuette. NRCA determines the bulk composition and is fully non-destructive. The induced radioactivity of the studied objects was very low and disappeared quickly.
Published: 2003

89. Bulk magnetic structure studies using polarized epithermal neutrons

Author: G. E. Mitchell, C. R. Gould, H. Postma, S. I. Penttilä, J. E. Koster, P. P. J. Delheij, J. D. Bowman, N. R. Roberson, S. J. Seestrom, V.W. Yuan, C. M. Frankle, J. N. Knudson, S.H. Yoo, and David G. Haase
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Magnetic domain, Magnetic structure, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Resonance, Polarization (waves), Nuclear physics, Ferromagnetism, chemistry, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Holmium, Instrumentation, Single crystal
Abstract: Parity violating effects in the nucleus are normally very small, but in certain compound nuclear resonances such effects are enhanced to several percent, as in the 0.734 eV p-wave resonance in 139 La. We have used this enhanced parity violation to measure the depolarization of neutrons traversing a thick single crystal of ferromagnetic holmium. The depolarization was dependent on the relative orientation of the neutron polarization and the holmium c crystalline axis. The effect was explained in terms of neutron precession in an array of highly correlated domains magnetized in the c axis direction. The results show the high degree of correlation of magnetic domains in the single crystal and demonstrate the usefulness of epithermal neutrons in measuring magnetic properties of thick crystals. The use of other parity violating resonances should allow polarization analysis of neutrons over a range of neutron energies.
Published: 1993
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90. Measurement of parity violation in compound nuclear resonances using epithermal polarized neutrons

Author: H. Postma, C. M. Frankle, Yu. P. Popov, C. R. Gould, P. P. J. Delheij, N. R. Roberson, J. N. Knudson, E. I. Sharapov, G. E. Mitchell, J. D. Bowman, S.H. Yoo, V.W. Yuan, David G. Haase, S. J. Seestrom, and S. I. Penttilä
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Gamma ray detectors, Neutron, Neutron transmission, Parity (physics), Instrumentation
Abstract: Polarized neutron transmission experiments show remarkable sensitivity to the presence of small symmetry violating forces in nuclear interactions. Parity-nonconserving (PNC) analyzing powers of a percent or more have been measured on p-wave neutron resonances in nuclei ranging from 81Br to 238U. A brief summary is given of the study of PNC effects in neutron resonances. Details of ongoing polarized neutron transmission experiments are discussed and some sample data presented. Several development projects are currently under way, which taken together should improve the sensitivity of these experiments by a factor of ∼ 20. Similar large PNC effects can be observed in (n, γ) resonances with much smaller samples. A design for a near 4π gamma ray detector to be constructed of CsI(pure) is described.
Published: 1993
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91. Parity violation in neutron resonances of antimony and iodine

Author: S. I. Penttila, N. R. Roberson, J. D. Bowman, A. Masaike, Bret E. Crawford, T. Haseyama, H. Postma, Yasuhiro Masuda, E. I. Sharapov, P. P. J. Delheij, V.W. Yuan, S. J. Seestrom, J N Knudsen, Y-F Yen, Sharon L. Stephenson, G. E. Mitchell, Yasuyuki Matsuda, and L. Y. Lowie
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Parity (physics), Weak interaction, Neutron radiation, Nuclear physics, Antimony, chemistry, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Neutron source, Neutron, Spallation, Nuclear Experiment, Spallation Neutron Source
Abstract: Parity violation in p-wave neutron resonances of ${}^{121}\mathrm{Sb},$ ${}^{123}\mathrm{Sb},$ and ${}^{127}\mathrm{I}$ has been measured by transmission of a longitudinally polarized neutron beam through natural antimony and iodine targets. The measurements were performed at the pulsed spallation neutron source of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Five statistically significant parity violation effects were observed in ${}^{121}\mathrm{Sb},$ one effect in ${}^{123}\mathrm{Sb},$ and seven effects in ${}^{127}\mathrm{I}.$ The weak interaction rms matrix elements and the corresponding spreading widths were determined.
Published: 2001
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92. PNC EXPERIMENTS IN HEAVY NUCLEI

Author: S. I. Penttilä, J. N. Knudson, J. D. Bowman, Sharon L. Stephenson, B. E. Crawford, P. P. J. Delheij, G. E. Mitchell, N. R. Roberson, H. Postma, C. A. Grossmann, V. W. Yuan, L. Y. Lowie, E. I. Sharapov, S. J. Seestrom, Yi-Fen Yen, D. A. Smith, A. Masaike, Yuji Matsuda, and T. Haseyama
Published: 2001
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93. Erratum: Spin asymmetriesA1of the proton and the deuteron in the lowxand lowQ2region from polarized high energy muon scattering [Phys. Rev. D60, 072004 (1999)]

Author: J. Vogt, M. Grosse Perdekamp, F. Tessarotto, J. Kyynäräinen, W. Kröger, T. Hasegawa, G. Baum, Kunikazu Mori, K. Zaremba, M. Plo, K. Medved, G. van Middelkoop, S. Eichblatt, U. Stiegler, W. Meyer, Massimo Lamanna, Yu. Kisselev, T. Matsuda, Anne-Laure Martin, Tjeerd Ketel, D.V. Peshekhonov, W. Wiślicki, Per Berglund, J. Nassalski, E. M. Kabuß, G. Igo, T. Iwata, Daniel B. Kramer, A. Witzmann, E. Burtin, M. Litmaath, H. Gilly, J. A. Garzon, G. Reicherz, A. Bravar, R. Birsa, Gerhard K. Mallot, J. S. McCarthy, L. S. Pinsky, W. Tlaczala, A. Magnon, Franco Bradamante, G.I. Smirnov, D. Fasching, F. Perrot-Kunne, I.A. Savin, David Miller, T. Çuhadar, A. Karev, B. W. Mayes, S. Dalla Torre, T. O. Niinikoski, F. Lehar, D. von Harrach, N. de Botton, D. G. Crabb, G. Unel, A. Steinmetz, Jay Roberts, N. Horikawa, Abhay Deshpande, R. Puntaferro, Mayda Velasco, H. Postma, F. Marie, L. Betev, R. van Dantzig, A. Ogawa, Bernardo Adeva, V. W. Hughes, A. de Lesquen, J. Saborido, St. Goertz, P. Schiavon, D. Thers, E. P. Sichtermann, Heinrich B. Stuhrmann, Ulrich Landgraf, G. Rädel, C. Dulya, F. Simeoni, J. Oberski, A. Staude, J. Zhao, A. Gallas, B. Froise, Matias Rodriguez, Ricardo Piegaia, M. Giorgi, B. Badelek, N. Hayashi, Patrick Hautle, H. J. Kessler, Roland Windmolders, I. Sabo, Regine Willumeit, K. Haft, Anna Zanetti, A. Arvidson, H. Pereira, S. Ishimoto, E. Arik, K. Kurek, C. A. Whitten, A. Tripet, J. Pretz, Y. Miyachi, F. Feinstein, C.S. Ozben, B. Derro, N. De Groot, E. Rondio, Satish Dhawan, J. Cranshaw, J. M. Le Goff, C. A. Heusch, J. Lichtenstadt, A. Sandacz, C. Fernandez, Rudiger Voss, S. Bültmann, D. Pose, S. Platchkov, J. Martino, J. Kiryluk, and G. Garcia
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Muon, Deuterium, Proton, Scattering, Spin-½
Published: 2000
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94. Dependence of the populations of low-energy levels in108,110Agon the resonance spin and parity

Author: H. Postma, F. Becvar, F. Corvi, and L. Zanini
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Low energy, medicine.anatomical_structure, C parity, medicine, Resonance, Parity (physics), Atomic physics, Nucleus
Abstract: spectroscopic quantities are important for the interpretation of data from parity violation experiments performed by the TRIPLE Collaboration. The intensities of low-energy transitions showed a dependence not only on the spin of the resonance but also on its parity. This effect allows the assignment of the parity of the resonances and may open new perspectives in the study of the g decay of the compound nucleus.
Published: 2000
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95. New search for parity violation in nonresonant neutron scattering on thorium

Author: G. E. Mitchell, J. D. Bowman, E. I. Sharapov, H. Postma, Yasuyuki Matsuda, P. P. J. Delheij, C. M. Frankle, S. I. Penttila, A. Masaike, N. R. Roberson, J. N. Knudson, Yi-Fen Yen, L. Y. Lowie, Sharon L. Stephenson, Masataka Iinuma, V.W. Yuan, S. J. Seestrom, and Bret E. Crawford
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Conservation law, media_common.quotation_subject, Thorium, chemistry.chemical_element, Parity (physics), Neutron scattering, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Neutron cross section, High Energy Physics::Experiment, media_common
Abstract: The parity-violating longitudinal asymmetry of the neutron scattering cross section has been measured for thorium in the off-resonance energy intervals from 30 to 300 eV. The observed result of $(0.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ is compared with theoretical predictions.
Published: 2000

96. Parity violation in232Thneutron resonances above 250 eV

Author: Seppo Penttila, J. E. Lynch, P. P. J. Delheij, G. E. Mitchell, N. R. Roberson, H. Postma, Sharon L. Stephenson, J. D. Bowman, Masataka Iinuma, J. N. Knudson, Akira Masaike, C. M. Frankle, Bret E. Crawford, V. W. Yuan, L. Y. Lowie, S.J. Seestrom, Yasuyuki Matsuda, Y. F. Yen, and E. I. Sharapov
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Thorium, chemistry.chemical_element, Parity (physics), Asymmetry, Helicity, Neutron temperature, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Neutron, Atomic physics, media_common
Abstract: The analysis of parity nonconservation (PNC) measurements performed on {sup 232}Th by the TRIPLE Collaboration has been extended to include the neutron energy range of 250 to 1900 eV. Below 250 eV all ten statistically significant parity violations have the same sign. However, at higher energies PNC effects of both signs were observed in the transmission of longitudinally polarized neutrons through a thick thorium target. Although the limited experimental energy resolution precluded analysis in terms of the longitudinal asymmetry, parity violations were observed and the cross section differences for positive and negative neutron helicities were obtained. For comparison, a similar analysis was performed on the data below 250 eV, for which longitudinal asymmetries were obtained previously. For energies below 250 eV, the p-wave neutron strength functions for the J=1/2 and J=3/2 states were extracted: S{sub 1/2}{sup 1}=(1.68{+-}0.61)x10{sup -4} and S{sub 3/2}{sup 1}=(0.75{+-}0.18)x10{sup -4}. The data provide constraints on the properties of local doorway states proposed to explain the PNC sign effect in thorium. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.
Published: 2000
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97. Parity nonconservation in neutron resonances

Author: Sharon L. Stephenson, P. P. J. Delheij, H. Postma, Yuji Matsuda, Bret E. Crawford, C. A. Grossmann, J. N. Knudson, A. Masaike, T. Haseyama, E. I. Sharapov, J. D. Bowman, Yi-Fen Yen, N. R. Roberson, S. I. Penttila, G. E. Mitchell, L. Y. Lowie, D. A. Smith, V. W. Yuan, and S. J. Seestrom
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Neutron resonance, Neutron, Parity (physics), Symmetry breaking, Nuclide, Maxima, Helicity
Abstract: The TRIPLE Collaboration has performed measurements of the helicity dependence of the neutron resonance cross section for many nuclides. More than 70 statistically significant parity violations have been observed. Generic enhancements amplify the signal for symmetry breaking and the stochastic properties of the compound nucleus permit the strength of the symmetry-breaking interaction to be determined without knowledge of the wave functions of individual states. The measurements are concentrated in the regions of the 3p and 4p maxima of the neutron strength function-near A=110 and A=230. The results to date are summarized.
Published: 2000
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98. Capture gamma-ray spectroscopy with [sup 107]Ag, [sup 109]Ag and [sup 115]In for parity violation and nuclear structure studies

Author: F. Bečvář, L. Zanini, I. Tomandl, H. Postma, M. Krtička, F. Corvi, and I. Honzátko
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Neutron capture, Particle physics, Photon, Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography, Neutron cross section, Nuclear structure, Neutron, Parity (physics), Neutron capture gamma ray spectroscopy
Abstract: Recent results from measurements performed at the GELINA and Řež reactor facilities in the neutron resonance and thermal energy regions with targets of 107,109Ag and 115In are presented. These measurements are of interest for parity violation and photon strength function studies.
Published: 2000
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99. Parity nonconservation in106Pdand108Pdneutron resonances

Author: P. P. J. Delheij, G. E. Mitchell, L. Y. Lowie, E. I. Sharapov, S. J. Seestrom, J. N. Knudson, H. Postma, Sharon L. Stephenson, S. I. Penttilä, V.W. Yuan, A. Masaike, N. R. Roberson, Bret E. Crawford, Yasuyuki Matsuda, J. D. Bowman, and T. Haseyama
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Parity (physics), Neutron, Atomic physics, Detector array, Neutron temperature
Abstract: Parity nonconservation (PNC) has been studied in the neutron {ital p}-wave resonances of {sup 106}Pd and {sup 108}Pd in the energy range of 20 to 2000 eV. Longitudinal asymmetries in {ital p}-wave capture cross sections are measured using longitudinally polarized neutrons incident on {approximately}20-g metal-powder targets at LANSCE. A CsI {gamma}-ray detector array measures capture cross section asymmetries as a function of neutron energy which is determined by the neutron time-of-flight method. A total of 21 {ital p}-wave resonances in {sup 106}Pd and 21 {ital p}-wave resonances in {sup 108}Pd were studied. One statistically significant PNC effect was observed in {sup 106}Pd, and no effects were observed in {sup 108}Pd. For {sup 106}Pd a weak spreading width of {Gamma}{sub w}=34{sub {minus}28}{sup +47}{times}10{sup {minus}7} eV was obtained. For {sup 108}Pd an upper limit on the weak spreading width of {Gamma}{sub w}{lt}12{times}10{sup {minus}7} eV was determined at the 68{percent} confidence level. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1999
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100. Parity violation in the compound nucleus

Author: G. E. Mitchell, J. D. Bowman, B. E. Crawford, P. P. J. Delheij, C. A. Grossmann, T. Haseyama, J. Knudson, L. Y. Lowie, A. Masaike, Y. Matsuda, S. Penttilä, H. Postma, N. R. Roberson, S. J. Seestrom, E. I. Sharapov, D. A. Smith, S. L. Stephenson, Yi-Fen Yen, and V. W. Yuan
Published: 1999
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