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Your search keyword '"HAUGLAND, RICHARD A."' showing total 457 results
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457 results on '"HAUGLAND, RICHARD A."'

55. Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality and swimming-associated illness at marine beaches: a prospective cohort study

Author

Love David, Rankin Clifford C, Wymer Larry, Beach Michael, Chern Eunice, Haugland Richard, Brenner Kristen P, Sams Elizabeth, Wade Timothy J, Li Quanlin, Noble Rachel, and Dufour Alfred P

Subjects
Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, RC963-969, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Introduction In the United States and elsewhere, recreational water quality is monitored for fecal indicator bacteria to help prevent swimming-associated illnesses. Standard methods to measure these bacteria take at least 24 hours to obtain results. Molecular approaches such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) can estimate these bacteria faster, in under 3 hours. Previously, we demonstrated that measurements of the fecal indicator bacteria Enterococcus using qPCR were associated with gastrointestinal (GI) illness among swimmers at freshwater beaches. In this paper, we report on results from three marine beach sites. Methods We interviewed beach-goers and collected water samples at marine beaches affected by treated sewage discharges in Mississippi in 2005, and Rhode Island and Alabama in 2007. Ten to twelve days later, we obtained information about gastrointestinal, respiratory, eye, ear and skin symptoms by telephone. We tested water samples for fecal indicator organisms using qPCR and other methods. Results We enrolled 6,350 beach-goers. The occurrence of GI illness among swimmers was associated with a log10-increase in exposure to qPCR-determined estimates of fecal indicator organisms in the genus Enterococcus (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.1) and order Bacteroidales (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.9). Estimates of organisms related to Clostridium perfringens and a subgroup of organisms in the genus Bacteroides were also determined by qPCR in 2007, as was F+ coliphage, but relationships between these indicators and illness were not statistically significant. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence of a relationship between gastrointestinal illness and estimates of fecal indicator organisms determined by qPCR at marine beaches.

Published
2010
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57. A Bayesian method for calculating real-time quantitative PCR calibration curves using absolute plasmid DNA standards

Author

Haugland Richard A, Varma Manju, Seifring Shawn, Sivaganesan Mano, and Shanks Orin C

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background In real-time quantitative PCR studies using absolute plasmid DNA standards, a calibration curve is developed to estimate an unknown DNA concentration. However, potential differences in the amplification performance of plasmid DNA compared to genomic DNA standards are often ignored in calibration calculations and in some cases impossible to characterize. A flexible statistical method that can account for uncertainty between plasmid and genomic DNA targets, replicate testing, and experiment-to-experiment variability is needed to estimate calibration curve parameters such as intercept and slope. Here we report the use of a Bayesian approach to generate calibration curves for the enumeration of target DNA from genomic DNA samples using absolute plasmid DNA standards. Results Instead of the two traditional methods (classical and inverse), a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) estimation was used to generate single, master, and modified calibration curves. The mean and the percentiles of the posterior distribution were used as point and interval estimates of unknown parameters such as intercepts, slopes and DNA concentrations. The software WinBUGS was used to perform all simulations and to generate the posterior distributions of all the unknown parameters of interest. Conclusion The Bayesian approach defined in this study allowed for the estimation of DNA concentrations from environmental samples using absolute standard curves generated by real-time qPCR. The approach accounted for uncertainty from multiple sources such as experiment-to-experiment variation, variability between replicate measurements, as well as uncertainty introduced when employing calibration curves generated from absolute plasmid DNA standards.

Published
2008
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58. Additional file 1: of Exposure to human-associated fecal indicators and self-reported illness among swimmers at recreational beaches: a cohort study

Author

Napier, Melanie, Haugland, Richard, Poole, Charles, Dufour, Alfred, Stewart, Jill, Weber, David, Varma, Manju, Lavender, Jennifer, and Wade, Timothy

Abstract

Supplementary material includes methods describing DNA extraction and quantification, and additional tables or figures for main analyses, sensitivity analyses, and modification analyses. (DOCX 251Â kb)

Published
2017
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68. Performance assessment PCR-based assays targeting Bacteroidales genetic markers of Bovine fecal pollution

Author

Shanks, Orin C., White, Karen, Kelty, Catherine A., Hayes, Sam, Sivaganesan, Mano, Jenkins, Michael, Varma, Manju, and Haugland, Richard A.

Subjects
Gene mutations -- Analysis, Microbial source tracking -- Methods, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Ribosomal RNA -- Research, Rumen -- Microbiology, Rumen -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

A performance evaluation of seven end-point PCR and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays which are associated with either ruminant or bovine feces are reported. The large discrepancies in the performance of bovine-associated assays across different bovine populations and variability in assay performance between host populations indicated that the use of bovine microbial source-tracking applications would need a prior characterization at each water-shed of interest.

Published
2010

69. Quantitative PCR for genetic markers of human fecal pollution

Author

Shanks, Orin C., Kelty, Catherine A., Sivaganesan, Mano, Varma, Manju, and Haugland, Richard A.

Subjects
Bacterial genetics -- Research, DNA testing -- Analysis, Genetic markers -- Research, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Biological sciences
Abstract

The quantitative PCR arrays are developed for the quantification of two human-specific genetic markers targeting Bacteriodales-like cell surface-associated genes. Assay performance combined with the prevalence of DNA targets in sewage samples have provided evidence that has supported the application of these quantitative methods for monitoring fecal pollution in ambient environmental waters.

Published
2009

70. Quantitative PCR for detection and enumeration of genetic markers of bovine fecal pollution

Author

Shanks, Orin C., Atikovic, Emina, Blackwood, A. Denene, Jingrang Lu, Noble, Rachel T., Domingo, Jorge Santo, Seifring, Shawn, Sivaganesan, Mano, and Haugland, Richard A.

Subjects
Genetic markers -- Research, Monte Carlo method -- Usage, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Water pollution -- Analysis, Biological sciences
Abstract

Quantitative PCR assays are developed for the detection of bovine feces-specific genetic markers and a method is designed for the enumeration of these markers by using a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach. Acceptable assay performance combined with the prevalence of DNA targets across different cattle populations have shown that these quantitative assays are useful in monitoring bovine fecal pollution in ambient waters.

Published
2008

71. Evaluation of a rapid, quantitative real-time PCR method for enumeration of pathogenic Candida cells in water

Author

Brinkman, Nichole E., Haugland, Richard A., Wymer, Larry J., Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara, Whitman, Richard L., and Vesper, Stephen J.

Subjects
Water -- Contamination, Candida -- Testing, Polymerase chain reaction -- Methods, Fungi, Pathogenic -- Testing, Biological sciences
Abstract

This article describes a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for the specific detection and quantification of pathogenic Candida in drinking and recreational waters. The assay takes less than 4 h with a sensitivity between one and three cells per filter and an accuracy between 50 and 200% of the true value for cell estimates.

Published
2003

73. Multi-laboratory survey of qPCR enterococci analysis method performance in U.S. coastal and inland surface waters

Author

Haugland, Richard A., primary, Siefring, Shawn, additional, Varma, Manju, additional, Oshima, Kevin H., additional, Sivaganesan, Mano, additional, Cao, Yiping, additional, Raith, Meredith, additional, Griffith, John, additional, Weisberg, Stephen B., additional, Noble, Rachel T., additional, Blackwood, A. Denene, additional, Kinzelman, Julie, additional, Anan’eva, Tamara, additional, Bushon, Rebecca N., additional, Stelzer, Erin A., additional, Harwood, Valarie J., additional, Gordon, Katrina V., additional, and Sinigalliano, Christopher, additional

Published
2016
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78. Protect your company against embezzlement

Author

HAUGLAND, RICHARD L.

Subjects
Small business -- Management -- Case studies, Financial management -- Case studies, Embezzlement -- Case studies, Business, Forest products industry, Company business management, Small business, SOHO, Management, Case studies
Abstract

Not all mill thefts are in the form of lumber carried out the back door. Author whose business was looted recommends what to do if an embezzler strikes and flees [...]

Published
1999

79. Water quality, weather and environmental factors associated with fecal indicator organism density in beach sand at two recreational marine beaches

Author

Heaney, Christopher D., primary, Exum, Natalie G., additional, Dufour, Alfred P., additional, Brenner, Kristen P., additional, Haugland, Richard A., additional, Chern, Eunice, additional, Schwab, Kellogg J., additional, Love, David C., additional, Serre, Marc L., additional, Noble, Rachel, additional, and Wade, Timothy J., additional

Published
2014
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80. Standardization of enterococci density estimates by EPA qPCR methods and comparison of beach action value exceedances in river waters with culture methods

Author

Haugland, Richard A., primary, Siefring, Shawn D., additional, Varma, Manju, additional, Dufour, Alfred P., additional, Brenner, Kristen P., additional, Wade, Timothy J., additional, Sams, Elizabeth, additional, Cochran, Stacey, additional, Braun, Steve, additional, and Sivaganensan, Mano, additional

Published
2014
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81. Higher Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMIsm) values measured in Detroit homes of severely asthmatic children

Author

Vesper, Stephen, McKinstry, Craig, Haugland, Richard, Neas, Lucas, Hudgens, Edward, Heidenfelder, Brooke, and Gallagher, Jane

Abstract

Sieved vacuum bag dust from the homes of 143 children in Detroit was analyzed by mold specific quantitative PCR (MSQPCR) and the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMIsm) was calculated for each home. Children living in these homes were grouped as non-asthmatic (n = 83), moderately asthmatic (n = 28) and severely asthmatic (n = 32) based on prescription medication usage for their asthma management (none, occasional and daily, respectively). The mean ERMI for each group of homes was 6.2 for non-asthmatic, 6.3 for moderately asthmatic and 8.2 for severely asthmatic children. The ERMI values in the homes of severely asthmatic children were significantly greater compared to the non-asthmatics (p = 0.04 in Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus unguis were the primary mold species that distinguished severely asthmatic children's homes and non-asthmatic children's homes (p < 0.05; Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). The determination of the home's ERMI values may aid in prioritizing home remediation efforts, particularly in those children who are at increased risk for asthma exacerbation.

Published
2008

83. Quantitative PCR analysis of house dust can reveal abnormal mold conditions†

Author

Meklin, Teija, Haugland, Richard A., Reponen, Tiina, Varma, Manju, Lummus, Zana, Bernstein, David, Wymer, Larry J., and Vesper, Stephen J.

Subjects
Aspergillus, Air Pollution, Indoor, Fungi, Housing, Regression Analysis, Dust, Mycology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Article, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Indoor mold concentrations were measured in the dust of moldy homes (MH) and reference homes (RH) by quantitative PCR (QPCR) assays for 82 species or related groups of species (assay groups). About 70% of the species and groups were never or only rarely detected. The ratios (MH geometric mean : RH geometric mean) for 6 commonly detected species (Aspergillus ochraceus, A. penicillioides, A. unguis, A. versicolor, Eurotium group, and Cladosporium sphaerospermum) were > 1 (Group I). Logistic regression analysis of the sum of the logs of the concentrations of Group I species resulted in a 95% probability for separating MH from RH. These results suggest that it may be possible to evaluate whether a home has an abnormal mold condition by quantifying a limited number of mold species in a dust sample. Also, four common species of Aspergillus were quantified by standard culturing procedures and their concentrations compared to QPCR results. Culturing underestimated the concentrations of these four species by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared to QPCR.

Published
2004

89. Dramatic Improvements in Beach Water Quality Following Gull Removal

Author

Converse, Reagan R., primary, Kinzelman, Julie L., additional, Sams, Elizabeth A., additional, Hudgens, Edward, additional, Dufour, Alfred P., additional, Ryu, Hodon, additional, Santo-Domingo, Jorge W., additional, Kelty, Catherine A., additional, Shanks, Orin C., additional, Siefring, Shawn D., additional, Haugland, Richard A., additional, and Wade, Timothy J., additional

Published
2012
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92. Interlaboratory Comparison of Real-Time PCR Protocols for Quantification of General Fecal Indicator Bacteria

Author

Shanks, Orin C., primary, Sivaganesan, Mano, additional, Peed, Lindsay, additional, Kelty, Catherine A., additional, Blackwood, A. Denene, additional, Greene, Monica R., additional, Noble, Rachel T., additional, Bushon, Rebecca N., additional, Stelzer, Erin A., additional, Kinzelman, Julie, additional, Anan’eva, Tamara, additional, Sinigalliano, Christopher, additional, Wanless, David, additional, Griffith, John, additional, Cao, Yiping, additional, Weisberg, Steve, additional, Harwood, Valarie J., additional, Staley, Christopher, additional, Oshima, Kevin H., additional, Varma, Manju, additional, and Haugland, Richard A., additional

Published
2011
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94. Correction to Interlaboratory Comparison of Real-Time PCR Protocols for Quantification of General Fecal Indicator Bacteria

Author

Stelzer Erin, Greene Monica, Cao Yiping, Sinigalliano Christopher, Shanks Orin, Peed Lindsay, Noble Rachel, Kinzelman Julie, Wanless David, V.J. Harwood, Varma Manju, Bushon Rebecca, Oshima Kevin, Haugland Richard, Kelty Catherine, A Blackwood, Griffith John, Weisberg Steve, Staley Christopher, Anna’eva Tamara, and Sivaganesan Mano

Subjects
Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Environmental Chemistry, Indicator bacteria, General Chemistry, Food science, Biology, Feces, Microbiology
Published
2012

95. Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality and swimming-associated illness at marine beaches: a prospective cohort study

Author

Wade, Timothy J, primary, Sams, Elizabeth, additional, Brenner, Kristen P, additional, Haugland, Richard, additional, Chern, Eunice, additional, Beach, Michael, additional, Wymer, Larry, additional, Rankin, Clifford C, additional, Love, David, additional, Li, Quanlin, additional, Noble, Rachel, additional, and Dufour, Alfred P, additional

Published
2010
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100. Relationship and Variation of qPCR and Culturable Enterococci Estimates in Ambient Surface Waters Are Predictable

Author

Whitman, Richard L., primary, Ge, Zhongfu, additional, Nevers, Meredith B., additional, Boehm, Alexandria B., additional, Chern, Eunice C., additional, Haugland, Richard A., additional, Lukasik, Ashley M., additional, Molina, Marirosa, additional, Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia, additional, Shively, Dawn A., additional, White, Emily M., additional, Zepp, Richard G., additional, and Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N., additional

Published
2010
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