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Early and accurate disease diagnosis is of great appeal for saving patients' life, but requires biomarkers to be sensitively detected with simplicity, convenience, and low cost. Exploring the development of a high-performance fluorescence biosensor for biomarkers solid, equipment-free and visual biosensing is highly urgent but faces enormous challenges. Herein, we proposed a brand-new fluorescence system by integrating a typical aggregation induced emission dye (TPE-BTD) with dopamine for multiple biomarkers sensitive detection based on target-induced catalyzing oxidation. The system comprising TPE-BTD and dopamine emits strong fluorescence; with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or HRP-mimicking DNAzyme and H2O2 being added, significant oxidation on dopamine occurs to generate dopachrome, which actuated the inner filter effect (IFE) due to the overlap of its absorbtion curve and emission spectrum of TPE-BTD, subsequently decreasing fluorescence emission and displaying a rapid and sensitive response to H2O2 and G-quadruplex DNA. We further apply TPE-BTD/dopamine system in analysis of glucose and DNA adenine methylation methyltransferase (Dam MTase) based on target-initiated signal transduction. Finally, TPE-BTD was employed as emitters in fabrication of paper biosensors, which can achieve solid, equipment-free and visual detection of multiple biomarkers based on the high emission performance of TPE-BTD, opening up a new pathway to development of biosensors for practical application. We expect this sensing conception will be helpful in development of practical biosensors, and this sensor will find more applications in disease diagnosis.

This paper developed an agent-based trip chain model (ABTCM) to study the distribution of electric vehicles (EVs) charging demand and its dynamic characteristics, including flexibility and uncertainty, at different types of location. Key parameters affecting charging demand include charging strategies, i.e. uncontrolled charging (UC) and off-peak charging (OPC), and EV supply equipment, including three levels of charging equipment. The results indicate that the distributions of charging demand are similar as the travel patterns, featured by traffic flow at each location. A discrete peak effect was found in revealing the relation between traffic flow and charging demand, and it results in the smallest equivalent daily charging demand and peak load at public locations. EV charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) flexibility were examined by instantaneous adjustable power and accumulative adjustable amount of electricity. The EVs at home locations have the largest charging and V2G flexibility under the UC strategy, except for a period of regular working time. The V2G flexibility at work and public locations is generally larger than charging flexibility. Due to the fast charging application, the uncertainties of charging demand at public locations are the highest in all locations. In addition, the OPC strategy mitigates the uncertainty of charging demand.

Oxytocin might be used therapeutically as an ally to rescue osteopathy resulting from diabetes. However, the in vivo effects of oxytocin on marrow adipogenesis in diabetes remain unknown. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate the protective ef-fects of oxytocin on diabetes-induced marrow adiposity in rabbits using proton MR spectroscopy.Forty-five female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into controls, diabetes, and diabetes treated with oxytocin (ip, 0.78 mg/kg) for six months. Marrow fat fraction (FF) was determined by proton MR spectroscopy at baseline, and at three and six months. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum biomarkers, glycolipid metabolism, and histological analysis of marrow adipocytes were determined.Oxytocin treatment had positive metabolic effects in diabetic rabbits, which was based on the changes in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles. The diabetic rabbits demonstrated dramatic marrow adiposity in a time-dependent manner; at three and six months the FF percentage changes from baseline were 10.1% and 25.8%, respectively (all P0.001). Moreover, oxytocin treatment significantly reversed FF values and quantitative parameters of marrow adipocyte in diabetic rabbits to levels of naive control rabbits. Oxytocin improved bone formation marker in diabetic rabbits compared to the saline group. Also, treatment of diabetic rabbits with oxytocin significantly mitigated bone deterioration when compared with the saline-treated diabetic group (all P0.05).Oxytocin appears to alleviate harmful effects of hyperglycaemia on marrow adiposity. Proton MR spectroscopy may be a valuable tool, providing complementary information on efficacy assessments.

At present, China's economic and social development is restricted by many factors, such as environmental pollution and the supply of energy, land resources and water resources. Compared with traditional terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) systems, floating PV systems can save a lot of land and water resources and obtain higher power generation efficiency. Although the academics have reached a general consensus about the advantages of floating systems, very few in-depth studies focus on the specifications of floating PV systems. Therefore, this study first discusses the development of PV technology, then studies the power generation efficiency of floating PV systems, and finally comprehensively analyzes the advantages and potential of floating PV systems in China.

In this paper, pure metastable phase iron vanadate (FeVO4-II) ultrathin nanosheets (50 nm in thickness) with exposed {010} facets were obtained by a mild hydrothermal process, without the use of any template or organic surfactant. The photocatalytic rate of the FeVO4-II {010} facets was measured taking advantage of their unique morphology. Furthermore, the FeVO4-II catalyst could be easily separated and reused, simply by applying an external magnetic field. In addition, with their n-type semiconductor structure, FeVO4 ultrathin nanosheets exhibited gas-sensing for an ethanol trace.

Tellurium nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5 nm were grown on silicon nanowires through a solution method. The gas sensors based on as-prepared material was exposed to ammonia and propylamine and their sensing behavior was investigated in detail, which showed a higher sensitivity than Te film at room temperature. The detection ranges of ammonia and propylamine were 10–400 ppm and 5–25 ppm, with the low detection limits of 196 and 174 ppb, respectively. The response times upon exposure to ammonia and porpylamine were 5 and 15 s and the recovery times were 8 and 6 s, respectively. It was found that the response of the sensor was 208% or 164% when exposing to 400 ppm ammonia or 25 ppm propylamine at the optimal operating temperature. The excellent sensitivity and fast response might be ascribed to the small size of tellurium nanoparticles. Considering the above advantages of tellurium-modified silicon nanowires, they have potential applications as nanosensors.

Excellent and recyclable surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates were fabricated via a one-step route: reducing gold ions to Au nanoparticles with silicon–hydrogen bond and assembling them in-situ on the Si wafer. Gold nanoparticles with the average size of 22 nm were epitaxially grown and uniformly assembled. The substrate exhibited excellent surface-enhanced Raman effect in the low concentration detection (1 × 10− 10 M) of Rhodamine 6G with relative standard deviation of

There is a strong correlation between the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement factor (EF), the excitation wavelength, and the feature properties (composition, size, geometry, and analytes). The prediction of the EF of specific substrates, crucial to the quantitative SERS detection, is however still very difficult. The present work presents smart liquid SERS substrates consisting of suspensions of Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles, which provide high spot-to-spot uniformity, reproducibility and good reversibility. The EF of these substrates can be reversibly tuned by applying an external magnetic field. The EF magnetic tuning is within 2 orders of magnitude per substrate in the range of 10(4)-10(7). The ability to reversibly adjust the SERS EF enables to reduce EF variations caused by external effects such as substrate-to-substrate differences and long-term-storage degradation. This improves the quantitative detection of analytes and might be a significant step forward in employing SERS for practical applications.

A simple hydrothermal method was employed to synthesize AgFeO2 nanoparticles, which were utilized as substrates in SERS detection of Rhodamine 6G and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. The magnetic properties of the products provided the capability of concentrating analyte molecules under an external magnetic field. The detection in aqueous solution has ensured the uniformity of the SERS signals and the reproducibility of the substrates. It was interesting that the substrates exhibited high SERS activity at Rhodamine 6G concentration of 1 × 10(-7) M with an enhancement factor of 5.1 × 10(5), showing the highest SERS effect for semiconductor substrates, which might be ascribed to the orderly orientation of AgFeO2 nanoparticles under external magnetic field.

Silicon nanowires are important semiconductor with core/shell structure. In this work, the piezoelectric material alpha-quartz was grown in the interface of silicon nanowires by thermal treatment at 600 °C for 0.5 h. These nanowires were employed as starting materials to fabricate piezoelectric nanogenerators, which could convert kinetic energy into electrical one, exhibiting an output voltage of 36.5 V and a response current of 1.4 μA under a free-falling object of 300 g at a height of 30 cm.

Copper vanadate nanoribbons were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and served as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates with an enhancement factor of 1450 in the detection 1 × 10−5 M Rhodamine 6 G solution. This substrate also exhibited satisfied results in the non-functionalized bio-detection of 1 × 10−2 M tyrosine solution, owing to its interaction to amino acids and vast surface area to further the interaction.

The paper reported a thermosensitive material based on tellurium nanoparticle-decorated silicon nanowires with large negative temperature coefficient of resistance. In the fabrication progress, silicon nanowires were etched with HF to get hydrogen-terminated ones, which could reduce TeO32− ion to form Te-modified silicon nanowires. Such Te-modified silicon nanowires showed good temperature-dependent performance as a linear relationship between resistivity and temperature in the range from 30 to 100 °C with high negative temperature coefficient of resistance being 8.2 × 10−3 °C−1.

Lanthanide orthovanadate erythrocyte-like EuVO4 particles were obtained via a facile, environmentally friendly hydrothermal process and were demonstrated to have an affinity for histidine (His) and the common protein BSA. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy indicated an interaction between EuVO4 and His, as well as BSA. Due to its unique structure, the anionic group (VO43−) served to directly combine with His or BSA, while the cation (Eu3+) was used as a stable fluorescent monitor. The traditional technically-demanding lanthanide particle surface functionalization can be neglected for the first time, which greatly simplified the preparation of lanthanide particles. Based on the affinity of EuVO4 and proteins, the interaction between EuVO4 and member proteins in vitro had been confirmed by confocal microscopy, which might find potential application in fluorescent monitors.