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Coinfection of goose parvovirus (GPV) and duck circovirus (DuCV) occurs commonly in field cases of short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS). However, whether there is synergism between the two viruses in replication and pathogenicity remains undetermined.

Poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA) is one of the most efficient hole transport materials for p–i–n structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the hydrophobicity of PTAA causes wettability problems and is thereby associated with low yield and poor reproducibility. Herein, a new strategy for improving the perovskite precursor wettability on PTAA is developed. A Cu2(Thiourea)Br2 complex interfacial layer is introduced on the PTAA, improving the coverage of perovskite precursors and thereby the perovskite film. Partially dissolved Cu2(Thiourea)Br2 in the perovskite absorber further enhances band alignment and carrier extraction between layers. With the addition of Cu2(Thiourea)Br2 layer on nondoped PTAA, PSCs in p–i–n structure with a bandgap of 1.63 eV have achieved over 21% efficiency both on 0.1 and 1.0 cm2 sized devices with a significantly improved yield and reproducibility. Unencapsulated devices retain 100% of their initial efficiency after 2000 h at 65 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human skin comprises multiple hierarchical layers that perform various functions such as protection, sensing, and structural support. Developing electronic skin (E‐skin) with similar properties has broad implications in health monitoring, prosthetics, and soft robotics. While previous efforts have predominantly concentrated on sensory capabilities, this study introduces a hierarchical polymer system that not only structurally resembles the epidermis‐dermis bilayer structure of skin but also encompasses sensing functions. The system comprises a polymeric hydrogel, representing the "dermis", and a superimposed nanoporous polymer film, forming the "epidermis". Within the film, interconnected nanoparticles mimic the arrangement of interlocked corneocytes within the epidermis. The fabrication process employs a robust in situ interfacial precipitation polymerization of specific water‐soluble monomers that become insoluble during polymerization. This process yields a hybrid layer establishing a durable interface between the film and hydrogel. Beyond the structural mimicry, this hierarchical structure offers functionalities resembling human skin, which includes (1) water loss protection of hydrogel by tailoring the hydrophobicity of the upper polymer film; (2) tactile sensing capability via self‐powered triboelectric nanogenerators; (3) built‐in gold nanowire‐based resistive sensor toward temperature and pressure sensing. This hierarchical polymeric approach represents a potent strategy to replicate both the structure and functions of human skin in synthetic designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organic spacer cation plays a crucial role in determining the exciton fine structure in 2D perovskites. Here, magneto‐optical spectroscopy is used to gain insight into the influence of the organic spacer on dark excitons in Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites. Using modest magnetic field strengths (<1.5 T), the optically forbidden dark exciton state can be identified and its emission properties significantly modulated via application of in‐plane magnetic fields, up to temperatures of 15 K. At low temperatures, an increase in collected photoluminescence efficiency of >30% is demonstrated, signifying the critical role of the dark exciton state for light‐emitting applications of 2D perovskites. The exciton fine structure and the degree of magnetic‐field‐induced mixing are significantly impacted by the choice of organic spacer cation, with 4–methoxyphenylethylammonium (MeO‐PEA) showing the largest effect due to larger bright–dark exciton splitting. This study distinguishes between interior (bulk) and surface dark‐exciton emission, showing that bright–dark exciton splitting differs between the interior and surface. The results emphasize the significance of the organic spacer cation in controlling the exciton fine structure in 2D perovskites and have important implications for the development of optoelectronic technology based on 2D perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tandem solar cells are rationally designed and fabricated by stacking multiple subcells to achieve power conversion efficiency well above the Shockley‐Queisser (SQ) limit. There is a large selection pool for the subcell candidates, such as Si, III–V, Kesterite, Perovskite, and organic solar cells. A series of different combinations of these subcells have been successfully demonstrated in practical tandem solar cell devices. However, there has not been a systematic summary of how to connect subcells in a tandem solar cell using a practical, cost‐effective, and efficiency‐beneficial fashion. In this work, the connection manners of subcells within a tandem cell are classified into three main categories, performing sequential growth, using the physical connection, and applying an intermediate layer, focusing on systematical description of intermediate layers using different materials. The advantages and disadvantages of these connection methods and their applicability to tandem cell types are further elaborated using two typical example models, III–V/Si and Perovskite inclusive tandem cell devices. Eventually, this work can provide useful guidance on how to carry out a suitable intermediate connection in the design of tandem solar cells depending on the selected subcells and device structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]