51. Molecular basis defining the selectivity of substituted isoquinolinones for the melatonin MT2 receptor.
- Author
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Chan, King H., Tse, Lap H., Huang, Xuhui, and Wong, Yung H.
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MELATONIN , *BINDING site assay , *LIGAND binding (Biochemistry) , *CHO cell , *SITE-specific mutagenesis , *ALANINE , *EXTRACELLULAR signal-regulated kinases - Abstract
Melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptors represent attractive drug targets for the treatment of various disorders. However, the high conservation of the melatonin binding pocket has hindered the development of subtype-selective compounds. By leveraging on the recently resolved crystal structures of MT 1 and MT 2 receptors, this study aims to elucidate the structural basis of MT 2 -selectivity of a panel of isoquinolinone derivatives. Molecular modelling and ligand docking approaches were employed to predict residues involved in forming interactions with the MT 2 -selective isoquinolinones. Seven conserved residues (Asn175, His208, Trp264, Asn268, Gly271, Tyr294 and Tyr298) were selected as targets for site-directed mutagenesis. Ca2+ mobilization, cAMP inhibition, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and ligand binding assays were performed to functionally characterize the receptor mutants in transfected CHO cells. Unlike melatonin, isoquinolinones bearing a 3-methoxybenzyloxyl substituent were unaffected by alanine substitution at His208 of MT 2. Although alanine substitutions at Tyr294 or Tyr298 reduced the potency of melatonin and some isoquinolinones on MT 2 , similar mutations on MT 1 allowed five hitherto ineffective isoquinolinones to act as agonists. An isoquinolinone antagonist bearing a 4-methoxybenzyloxyl moiety turned into an agonist at MT 2 mutants with alanine substitutions at His208, Tyr294 or Tyr298. A subset of residues is apparently involved in forming a hydrophobic binding cavity to confer selectivity upon the aromatic substituent of isoquinolinone compounds. Two conserved tyrosine residues on transmembrane helix 7 may confer ligand selectivity at MT 1 and MT 2 receptors, while a conserved histidine on transmembrane helix 5 is apparently involved in receptor activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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