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The Sorrento Peninsula is characterized by a significant occurrence of examples of vernacular architecture, which exhibit distinctive morphological and constructive features. These have been the subject of numerous studies. However, some buildings have undergone a process of transformation over time, the details of which have yet to be investigated. Architectures that initially held a rural character were enlarged and ennobled, thereby becoming what could be termed as "villas of delights". However, these clearly manifest their origin based on the permanence of some vernacular features. This paper focuses on the analysis of a case study, Villa Murat, which is exemplary in illustrating this process. This thorough interdisciplinary research combines historical investigation, based mainly on archival documents, with a direct examination of the Villa. This has enabled the retracing of the building's evolution and of the events that occurred in it. An integrated survey, which employed photogrammetry and laser scanning, enabled the assessment of the current state of conservation. The ultimate objective of this research is to propose conservative interventions which, in conjunction with the suggested new intended use, could ensure the preservation of the Villa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study, which is part of a wider inter-disciplinary research project on Medieval Rome funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, focuses on the archaeometric characterisation of glass tesserae from the apse mosaic of the church of S. Agnese fuori le mura, dated to the 7th century AD and never analysed until now. The main aims of the study are the identification of chemical compositions of glassy matrices and colouring/opacifying techniques by means of the combination of micro-textural, chemical, and mineralogical data. In S. Agnese tesserae, the results show the presence of glassy matrices and opacifiers/pigments, typical of both Roman and Late Antique/Early Medieval periods. The technological features identified (in particular, glassy matrices and opacifiers/pigments) allow us to discriminate not only new-production tesserae, i.e., those probably produced in the 7th century for the realisation of the S. Agnese mosaic, but also those obtained from recycling or re-using previous glass. This testifies to a quite complex "puzzle", unusual in other glass mosaics from the same city and coeval with S. Agnese, supporting further the potentiality of archaeometric studies on glass to uncover the technical and socio-cultural knowledge that underpins its manufacturing, use, re-use, and recycling in the Early Medieval Rome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As global crises become increasingly complex and intertwined, crisis readiness has emerged as a pivotal factor for an organisation's survival. Despite a growing, interdisciplinary corpus of research underscoring the necessity for systematic crisis management and strategic communication, a comprehensive understanding of corporate crisis readiness and methodologies for its achievement remain elusive and inadequately addressed. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic literature review, meticulously analysing 7287 articles to identify 40 eligible studies from 1987 to 2022. Through inductive content analysis and narrative synthesis, we have delineated the concept of crisis readiness and devised a comprehensive 10‐step process framework that organisations are advised to implement in preparation for potential crises. This investigation enriches the academic dialogue on crisis readiness by integrating insights from strategic management, crisis handling, organisational development, and learning theories. This offers a more nuanced understanding of how organisations can equip themselves for crisis situations. Additionally, our study sheds light on promising directions for future research in this vital field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author offers insights on the research ecosystem wherein all individuals play a significant role. Topics discussed include the importance of high-quality health sciences research, a model developed to explain the actors in the research ecosystem, and responsibilities of the editorial and peer review process.

Inequalities and injustices are thorny issues in liberal societies, manifesting in forms such as the gender–pay gap; sentencing discrepancies among Black, Hispanic, and White defendants; and unequal medical-resource distribution across ethnicities. One cause of these inequalities is implicit social bias —unconsciously formed associations between social groups and attributions such as "nurturing," "lazy," or "uneducated." One strategy to counteract implicit and explicit human biases is delegating crucial decisions, such as how to allocate benefits, resources, or opportunities, to algorithms. Algorithms, however, are not necessarily impartial and objective. Although they can detect and mitigate human biases, they can also perpetuate and even amplify existing inequalities and injustices. We explore how a philosophical thought experiment, Rawls's "veil of ignorance," and a psychological phenomenon, deliberate ignorance, can help shield individuals, institutions, and algorithms from biases. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of methods for shielding human and artificial decision makers from potentially biasing information. We then broaden our discussion beyond the issues of bias and fairness and turn to a research agenda aimed at improving human judgment accuracy with the assistance of algorithms that conceal information that has the potential to undermine performance. Finally, we propose interdisciplinary research questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can multiple organizational, social, and political actors effectively address the contemporary challenges of digital political campaigning? We proceed by reviewing the increased theoretical and empirical importance of digital political campaigning. We discuss the new research advances in the field and acknowledge the necessity for interdisciplinary research given the rapidly evolving techniques and the imminent positive and negative risks of digital campaigning. We present a multi-level actor approach for dealing with the risks of digital political campaigning. We outline the contribution of this issue and identify relevant gaps for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social determinants of health encompass the social environmental factors and lived experiences that collectively shape an individual's health. Recently, the polysocial score approach has been introduced as an innovative method for capturing the cumulative impact of a broad spectrum of social factors. This approach offers a promising opportunity to complement and enhance conventional methodologies in the advancement of research on social determinants of health. In this issue of the Journal , Jawadekar et al (Am J Epidemiol. 2024;193(9):1296‑1300) evaluate the value of the polysocial score for predicting cognitive performance and mortality among middle-aged and older adults. Models built on a smaller set of social determinants, including race/ethnicity, sex, and education, performed comparably to the polysocial score models in which a more complex set of social factors was included. In this invited commentary, I evaluate the predictive ability of the polysocial score and discuss its merits and limitations. I also summarize the practical utility of the polysocial score in predicting health outcomes and its mechanistic significance in unveiling the relationship between genetics, social environment, and lifestyles in shaping an individual's health and elucidate health disparities. Lastly, I propose several avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reconstructs and juxtaposes two radically different methodologies for approaching the topic of democracy – one exemplified by major UK art gallery Tate Liverpool’s exhibition called Democracies (2020–2023), the second a set of approaches characteristic of work in the academic field of contemporary democratic theory. By comparing a range of key features of the two methodologies, the article draws out ways in which methodological insights from curation-as-research may usefully extend, deepen or challenge those characteristic of academic democratic theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decomposition of animal remains is a multifaceted process, involving ecological, biological, and chemical interactions. While the complexity is acknowledged through concepts like the necrobiome, it's unclear if this complexity is reflected in research. Appreciation of the complexity of decomposition is crucial for identifying sources of variation in estimations of time since death in medico-legal science, as well as building broader ecological knowledge of the decomposition process. To gain insights into the extent of multidisciplinary research in the field of decomposition science, we conducted an examination of peer-reviewed literature on four key drivers of variation: volatile organic compounds, microbes, drugs/toxins, and insects. Among 650 articles, we identified their scientific discipline, driver/s of variation investigated, and year of publication. We found that 19% explored relationships between two drivers, while only 4% investigated interactions between three. None considered all four drivers. Over the past three decades, there has been a steady increase in decomposition research publications, signifying its growing importance. Most research (79%) was linked to forensic science, highlighting opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration in decomposition science. Overall, our review underscores the need to incorporate multidisciplinary approaches and theory into contemporary decomposition research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the extensive literature supporting distress screening at relevant transitions of care, the implementation of distress screening remains limited in ambulatory surgery settings. Our multidisciplinary team completed a pilot study to assess the feasibility and acceptability of including a standardized psychosocial assessment, the Distress Thermometer (DT), with the collection of admission vital signs by Patient Care Technicians (PCTs) in patients undergoing oncology surgery. Methods: We assessed feasibility by the response rate and acceptability through discussions with the PCTs. Results: Of the 189 men who underwent radical prostatectomy at our center, 71 were approached with the DT scale, and all patients who were approached completed the DT with no missing data. The staff reported no issues with data collection. A total of 21/71 (30%; 95% CI 19%, 42%) reported a clinically relevant distress DT ≥ 4. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that incorporating the DT into vital sign collection was feasible, acceptable, and provided a valuable assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing organizational strategic partnerships is important to advance initiatives such as research, training/education, and interprofessional collaboration (IPC) with a global perspective. Commitments to collaborative leadership, intentional partnership, coordination, and progress, thematically represent the series of critical decisions and actions collectively required to achieve strategic alliance success. The purpose of this paper is to describe the evidenced-informed framework and systematic processes involved in building successful strategic organizational and collaborative partnerships for InterprofessionalResearch.Global to expand and enhance opportunities for IPC on mutually beneficial initiatives. The conceptual model for effective collaborative partnerships by Butt et al. (2008) provided a framework for InterprofessionalResearch.Global to develop two strategic organizational partnerships consistent with its mission, vision, and goals to explore interprofessional research and policy gaps through global research partnerships, grow and sustain communities of practice, and mobilize evidence-informed interprofessional education and collaborative practice across multiple and diverse contexts. These organizational partnerships are defined by a Memorandum of Understanding with clear expectations and mechanisms of communication, defined priority areas and timelines for collaborative efforts, mutual understanding of the purposes of each relationship, and timeline and expectations for periodic evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the recently renewed, permanent exhibition of the Royal Museum for Central Africa (AfricaMuseum) in Tervuren, Belgium. The museum is seen as a translational space, considering the parallels between, on the one hand, curatorial strategies to represent cultural otherness and, on the other, processes of cultural and interlingual translation (Sturge 2007). We draw on an interdisciplinary mindset of translation as change and choice, as a multimodal and multimedial activity, and as an inevitably meaning-transforming process. Pressured to keep pace with the rapidly evolving public debate on decolonization, the curators-translators of the AfricaMuseum are aware that they are dealing with "sensitive texts" (Simms 1997) and have, accordingly, adopted a set of strategies to reduce perceived "translation risks" (Pym and Matsushita 2018). The article explores these strategies at three levels of translation operating in the museum: cultural, intersemiotic, and interlingual. In particular, we reveal the inherent tensions in the current display by discussing scenographic interventions that undermine the decolonization efforts in a number of galleries. These tensions are conceptualized as incomplete or incoherent forms of translation and illustrate the "work in progress" in the AfricaMuseum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs network theory, mining data and bibliometric analysis when mapping the scientific contribution of Nobel Prize candidate; Manuel Sandoval Vallarta, the first and most renowned Mexican physicist and important figure in Latin American science. Vallarta died in 1977, and the existing literature is about his life and contributions to science but not about how those are still valuable today. This paper is the first to highlight, with mapping tools, that his contributions are relevant to the international community of cosmic rays (as he was pioneer and leader), quantum mechanics and relativity. These tools delivered three findings: Identify how he built his own field of study, same as universal knowledge. Unveil that the backward and forward Vallarta citations follow a scale-free network distribution. Determine social factors that benefited or affected his scientific activities—such as World War II interrupting Vallarta's successful productivity at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Furthermore, this study confirmed the interdisciplinary nature of the mapping studies of the scientist's contributions using scientometric tools. As a result, several interesting questions arose throughout our research, some of which were answered from the history and philosophy of science. However, others need to be analyzed by experts in the fields of Vallarta. Mapping research sends an invitation to interdisciplinary dialogue/research between experts in different areas of study to better understand the process of knowledge production both, individual and collective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robust design optimization (RDO) is a potent methodology that ensures stable performance in designed products during their operational phase. However, there remains a scarcity of robust design optimization methods that account for the intricacies of multidisciplinary coupling. In this article, we propose a multidisciplinary robust design optimization (MRDO) framework for physical systems under sparse samples containing the extreme scenario. The collaboration model is used to select samples that comply with multidisciplinary feasibility, avoiding time-consuming multidisciplinary decoupling analyses. To assess the robustness of sparse samples containing the extreme scenario, linear moment estimation is employed as the evaluation metric. The comparative analysis of MRDO results is conducted across various sample sizes, with and without the presence of the extreme scenario. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method are demonstrated through a mathematical case, a conceptual aircraft sizing design, and an energy efficiency optimization of a hobbing machine tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles within the issue on topics including the history of crop science, food security, agricultural economy and development, and the global food system.

This paper examines how Nobel laureates' academic backgrounds relate to their economic contributions. The study covers laureates in Economics from 1969 to 2023 and reveals that 49% of laureates studied Economics at the undergraduate level, while the remaining 51% pursued other sciences. Moreover, 79% of laureates obtained their doctoral degrees in Economics and 21% in other sciences. The data also includes a breakdown of laureates' primary contributions in various fields of Economics, with the majority contributing to Macroeconomics (29%), followed by Microeconomics (15%) and Finance (14%), New Methods of Economic Analysis (19%), and General Equilibrium Theory (6%). The results further demonstrate that 17% of laureates have contributed to interdisciplinary research, establishing links between Economics and other sciences such as Psychology, History, Sociology, Philosophy, Politics, Law, and Organizational Sciences. This approach is a result of the diverse educational backgrounds of Nobel laureates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing immersive learning systems is challenging due to their multidisciplinary nature, involving game design, pedagogical modelling, computer science, and the application domain. The diversity of technologies, practices, and interventions makes it hard to explore solutions systematically. A new methodology called Multimodal Immersive Learning Systems Design Methodology (MILSDeM) is introduced to address these challenges. It includes a unified taxonomy, key performance indicators, and an iterative development process to foster innovation and creativity while enabling reusability and organisational learning. This article further reports on applying design-based research to design and develop MILSDeM. It also discusses the application of MILSDeM through its implementation in a real-life project conducted by the research team, which included four initiatives and eight prototypes. Moreover, the article introduces a unified taxonomy and reports on the qualitative analysis conducted to assess its components by experts from different domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each year the United States government detains and deports hundreds of thousands of people who prior to their removal are held in confinement for an average of 55 days. The short and long-term effects of the coronavirus pandemic on migrant detention and deportation continue to be evaluated in real time, including how we can best study it. This paper provides a timely analysis on the relationship between immigration enforcement and confinement, public health emergencies, and ethnographic methods. It makes two contributions. The first is methodological and focuses on the challenges and opportunities of ethnographic methods in carceral settings when pandemic-related protocols have raised additional challenges to conventional in-person prison ethnography. The second contribution is empirical and documents how we adapted ethnographic methods to an interdisciplinary research design and to the exigencies of the pandemic to study the spread of the coronavirus in four immigrant detention facilities in New Jersey, USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research discusses the phenomenon of sexual violence related to the practice of human trafficking and how the provisions of commercial law play a role in this context. Sexual violence is often part of the exploitation experienced by victims of human trafficking, where women and children are the most vulnerable groups. This study highlights how trade law regulations, both national and international, can affect human trafficking practices and efforts to prevent and enforce sexual violence. This analysis involves a multidisciplinary approach, combining legal, social, and economic aspects to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between sexual violence, human trafficking, and commercial law. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more effective policies in preventing and tackling human trafficking and protecting victims of sexual violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing significance of interdisciplinary research poses a challenge in evaluating its quality and emphasizes the need for academic journals to choose appropriate reviewers for interdisciplinary research. Several studies have focused on the problems in reviewing interdisciplinary research, but fewer studies on the challenges of recruiting suitable reviewers for interdisciplinary research. Our study collects a specific group of active interdisciplinary reviewers who were awarded the "Top 1% reviewers in Cross-field" by Publons—a recognition for reviewers conducting the highest number of reviews in corresponding fields. We aim to examine the interdisciplinary backgrounds and intrinsic interactivity of these active interdisciplinary reviewers in various academic activities, alongside exploring the countries, institutions, and research fields they represent. Our findings shed light on the uneven distribution of active interdisciplinary reviewers among countries and institutions. We also observe that active interdisciplinary reviewers often possess high interdisciplinarity in their research activities, and this interdisciplinarity increases as their reviewing and research experience grows. Notably, moderately experienced reviewers (with 6–10 years of reviewing experience) are the primary force of active interdisciplinary reviewers. We also advocate for inviting reviewers with varied levels of research and reviewing experience commensurate with the interdisciplinarity or complexity of the research. Moreover, active interdisciplinary reviewers demonstrate a strong disciplinary similarity and correlation among their research, reviewing, and editorial activities. Given the mounting pressure and challenges associated with reviewing interdisciplinary research, we propose several recommendations based on our analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines integrating Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems with performance management (PM) practices in the UAE healthcare sector, identifying key factors for successful adoption. It addresses a critical gap by analyzing the interplay between ERP systems and PM to enhance operational efficiency, patient care, and administrative processes. A literature review identified thirty-six critical factors, refined through expert interviews to highlight nine weak integration areas and two new factors. An online survey with 81 experts, who rated the 38 factors on a five-point Likert scale, provided data to calculate the Relative Importance Index (RII). The results reveal that employee involvement in performance metrics and effective organizational measures significantly impact system effectiveness and alignment. Mid-tier factors such as leadership and managerial support are essential for integration momentum, while foundational elements like infrastructure, scalability, security, and compliance are crucial for long-term success. The study recommends a holistic approach to these factors to maximize ERP benefits, offering insights for healthcare administrators and policymakers. Additionally, it highlights the need to address the challenges, opportunities, and ethical considerations associated with using digital health technology in healthcare. Future research should explore ERP integration challenges in public and private healthcare settings, tailoring systems to specific organizational needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media is widely used globally by patients, families of patients, health professionals, scientists, and other stakeholders who seek and share information related to cancer. Despite many benefits of social media for cancer care and research, there is also a substantial risk of exposure to misinformation, or inaccurate information about cancer. Types of misinformation vary from inaccurate information about cancer risk factors or unproven treatment options to conspiracy theories and public relations articles or advertisements appearing as reliable medical content. Many characteristics of social media networks—such as their extensive use and the relative ease it allows to share information quickly—facilitate the spread of misinformation. Research shows that inaccurate and misleading health‐related posts on social media often get more views and engagement (e.g., likes, shares) from users compared with accurate information. Exposure to misinformation can have downstream implications for health‐related attitudes and behaviors. However, combatting misinformation is a complex process that requires engagement from media platforms, scientific and health experts, governmental organizations, and the general public. Cancer experts, for example, should actively combat misinformation in real time and should disseminate evidence‐based content on social media. Health professionals should give information prescriptions to patients and families and support health literacy. Patients and families should vet the quality of cancer information before acting upon it (e.g., by using publicly available checklists) and seek recommended resources from health care providers and trusted organizations. Future multidisciplinary research is needed to identify optimal ways of building resilience and combating misinformation across social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft attract attention due to their unique characteristics of reduced noise, moderate pollutant emission, and lowered operating cost. However, the benefits of electric vehicles, including eVTOL aircraft, are critically challenged by the energy density of batteries, which prohibit long-distance tasks and broader applications. Since the takeoff process of eVTOL aircraft demands excessive energy and couples multiple subsystems (such as aerodynamics and propulsion), multidisciplinary analysis and optimization (MDAO) become essential. Conventional MDAO, however, iteratively evaluates high-fidelity simulation models, making the whole process computationally intensive. Surrogates, in lieu of simulation models, empower efficient MDAO with the premise of sufficient accuracy, but naive surrogate modeling could result in an enormous training cost. Thus, this work develops a twin-generator generative adversarial network (twinGAN) model to intelligently parameterize takeoff power and wing angle profiles of an eVTOL aircraft. The twinGAN-enabled surrogate-based takeoff trajectory design framework was demonstrated on the Airbus A 3 Vahana aircraft. The twinGAN provisioned two-fold dimensionality reductions. First, twinGAN generated only realistic trajectory profiles of power and wing angle, which implicitly reduced the design space. Second, twinGAN with three variables represented the takeoff trajectory profiles originally parameterized using 40 B-spline control points, which explicitly reduced the design space while maintaining sufficient variability, as verified by fitting optimization. Moreover, surrogate modeling with respect to the three twinGAN variables, total takeoff time, mass, and power efficiency, reached around 99% accuracy for all the quantities of interest (such as vertical displacement). Surrogate-based, derivative-free optimizations obtained over 95% accuracy and reduced the required computational time by around 26 times compared with simulation-based, gradient-based optimization. Thus, the novelty of this work lies in the fact that the twinGAN model intelligently parameterized trajectory designs, which achieved implicit and explicit dimensionality reductions. Additionally, twinGAN-enabled surrogate modeling enabled the efficient takeoff trajectory design with high accuracy and computational cost reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated Communications Management (ICM) has emerged as a critical strategy in the evolving economy of organisational dynamics. This paper delves into its evolution, challenges, and thematic axes, addressing theoretical controversies and practical applications. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of ICM literature from 1989 to June 2023, scrutinising 971 publications from Elsevier Scopus. The study seeks to unveil patterns in productivity, authorship, collaboration networks, international contributions, and thematic structures. Employing systematic bibliometric methodology, this study analyses selected publications from the Scopus database. It integrates quantitative productivity metrics, citation analysis, qualitative mapping, and network exploration. The findings highlight a significant surge in ICM studies since 2009, delineating thematic axes such as strategic communication, integrated marketing communications, social media, and public relations. Philip J. Kitchen is the most prolific author, while the most productive source, the Journal of Communication Management, plays a significant role in shaping the field of ICM. Remarkable collaboration networks are led by P. J. Kitchen, A. Siano, and A. Moreno. The analysis underscores the growing interest in ICM, emphasising ongoing interdisciplinary research and theoretical refinement. It advocates for further exploration to enhance both theoretical understanding and practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Economic & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The European Union Parliament passed the EU AI Act in 2024, which is an important milestone towards the world's first comprehensive AI law to formally take effect. Although this is a significant achievement, the real work begins with putting these rules into action, a journey filled with challenges and opportunities. This perspective article reviews recent interdisciplinary research aimed at facilitating the implementation of the prohibited AI practices outlined in the EU AI Act. It also explores the necessary future efforts to effectively enforce the banning of those prohibited practices across the EU market and the challenges associated with such enforcement. Addressing these future tasks and challenges calls for the establishment of an interdisciplinary governance framework. This framework may contain a workflow that can identify the necessary expertise and coordinate experts' collaboration at different stages of AI governance. Additionally, it involves developing and implementing a set of compliance and ethical safeguards to ensure effective management and supervision of AI practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2016 the National Museum in Oslo launched a nationwide touring exhibition that allowed visitors for the first time to touch the sculptures of modernist Aase Texmon Rygh. The aim was to encourage visitors to experience these abstract stone works through the body before engaging with various contextualising practices for a more comprehensive process of meaning-making. Allowing members of the public to touch original sculpture in an exhibition context was new not only for the National Museum but also internationally, and the exhibition generated considerable professional and media attention. In my role as the exhibition's curator, I set out to investigate the interdisciplinary process of developing the exhibition concept and the audience response through a practice-led research project. Drawing on different theoretical perspectives, such as learning theory and interdisciplinary sensory research, and audience surveys which were conducted during the exhibition, I wanted to learn more about how audiences experienced touching the sculptures, and how touch affected their process of meaning making. In this paper, I share some of my findings and also reflect on the importance of practitioners doing research on their own practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen (ZIB) is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie ( KZfSS) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2022, scientific research was conducted on kurgan No. 1 at the Balykty burial site from the Early Iron Age (Kazakhstan, Akmola Region). The stone mound had a circular shape with a diameter of 4.5 meters and a height of 0.2 meters. There are traces of robbers from ancient times. 20 bronze items, one stone blade and one bone awl were found inside the barrow pit. The horse harness set was crafted in the “animal style.” Daggers, knives, arrowheads, grindstones, and bones were well-preserved. Based on the artifacts found, the site was classified as a “warrior” burial, typical of the Tasmola culture. Anthropological studies indicated the burial belonged to a male aged 45—50 years. Radiocarbon analysis, carried out by the Vilnius Radiocarbon Laboratory, dated the burial to the 8th—7th centuries BCE. The stone tool was made of sandstone. The material composition of the artifacts was analyzed, revealing that 90 percent of the metal was copper. A comparative analysis of the structures of other small burial sites in the region and the items found in them was conducted. Based on the analysis of materials and interdisciplinary research results, it was concluded that the kurgan is the burial site of a “warrior” from the Tasmola culture period.

The article discusses the heuristic and methodological potential of historical sociology as one of the most dynamically developing disciplines of modern social and scientific knowledge. It is argued that this area of research is functionally capable of taking on the role of today's analytical philosophy of history in the form of integrity and, at the same time, the operational reflection of the historical experience of our country. The article points out the deficient nature of previous conceptualizations of the domestic past from the point of view of historical sociology. First, the development of this discipline in the West is briefly analyzed, starting with the classics of world sociology. The qualitative and quantitative growth of historical and sociological research in the second half of the 20th century—which led to a significant expansion of the explanatory repertoire of macrosociology—is highlighted. Next, the ambivalent position of historical sociology in Russia is discussed, where—despite the existing interest in its methodological categories and substantive results—a full-fledged institutionalization of this sociological discipline has not yet occurred. Thus, a conclusion is made about the existence of a serious local tradition of interest in historical-sociological synthesis, starting with the classics of historiography and pioneers of Russian sociology at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. At the same time, substantial progress is highlighted on the part of the domestic social-scientific community in the reception of the achievements of world-historical sociology at the beginning of the 21st century. The next section shows the particular relevance of modern historical-sociological approaches to the problematization of the past in the context of the domestic epistemological situation. A number of the most promising thematic complexes in modern Russian academia are highlighted. In conclusion, we highlight issues concerning framework research and scientific organization faced by historical sociology in Russia.

Abstract Most citizen science research inherently separates the observer (citizen science participant) from the observation (e.g. data point), placing artificial boundaries around what matters and how it comes to matter. We apply three elements of the philosophical framework of agential realism to reveal a more complex picture of how data arise within citizen science programmes, and its meaning to both the practice of science and the citizen science participant: ‘intra‐action’ (all entities have agency and are entangled with one another); ‘material becoming’ (what comes to matter); and ‘responsibility’ (accountability for what comes to matter and what is excluded from mattering). We draw on a case study of FrogID—an Australia‐wide citizen science program focused on calling frogs, with over 42,000 participants and over 1 million frog records. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 30 FrogID users, completing two rounds of thematic and relational coding. Our findings reveal that as a consequence of their recording behaviours, FrogID participants become increasingly entangled with the nocturnal environment, with sound and with their own self. Expanding and reciprocal relationships and experiences shape the nature and frequency of their recordings. Second, meaning influences what comes to matter (i.e. what is recorded and submitted) for FrogID participants. We reveal meaning related to feedback (recognition and thus reciprocity), others (social networks and participation with family and friends) and the self (physical and mental well‐being and identity formation/becoming). These different forms of meaning influenced engagement with app use. Third, participants communicated responsibilities related to their involvement in citizen science, including responsibilities to create knowledge (e.g. longitudinal data collection), to conserve (e.g. actively conserving frog, formally committing areas to conservation) and to educate self and others (e.g. skills and competencies required for environmental action). Synthesis and applications: By recognizing a more comprehensive set of intra‐actions, beyond the observer and the observation, agential realism can reveal when, why and how citizen science observations are made; what observations come to matter and why; and how people can create a more just world. Agential realism can shape how citizen science participation, retention and biodiversity data generation are founded. We propose three opportunities for citizen science programs based on these findings. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Interest in innovative technological strategies and modern digital tools has increased significantly due to the need to manage large amounts of unstructured data. This paper reviews current paradigms and services for automated summarization, developed based on interdisciplinary research in linguistics, computer technologies, and artificial intelligence. It focuses on syntactic and lexical techniques employed by neural network models for text compression. The paper presents performance examples of such AI-powered services as QuillBot, Summate.it, WordTune, SciSummary, Scholarcy, and OpenAI ChatGPT. The contemporary automated models proved effective in using extractive and abstractive methods to generate summaries of varying quality and length. The extractive approach relies on identifying the most significant sentences from the original text, while abstractive algorithms create new sentence structures that preserve the main idea of the original content. Automated summarizers effectively utilize text compression techniques that are inherent to human approach to text processing, e.g., they exclude redundant information, simplify complex structures, and generalize data. These technologies provide high accuracy and coherence in the generated summaries, though each summarization model has its limitations. Optimal results depend on the specifics of the task at hand: extractive models provide brevity and precision while abstractive ones allow for deeper semantic processing. Automated summarization is becoming an important tool in various fields that require effective analysis and processing of large text data.

Abstract Given a large enough volume of data and precise, meaningful categories, training a statistical model to solve a classification problem is straightforward and has become a standard application of machine learning (ML). If the categories are not precise, but rather fuzzy, as in the case of scientific disciplines, the systematic failures of ML classification can be informative about properties of the underlying categories. Here we classify a large volume of academic publications using only the abstract as information. From the publications that are classified differently by journal categories and ML categories (i.e., misclassified publications, when using the journal assignment as ground truth) we construct a network among disciplines. Analysis of these misclassifications provides insight in two topics at the core of the science of science: (1) Mapping out the interplay of disciplines. We show that this misclassification network is informative about the interplay of academic disciplines and it is similar to, but distinct from, a citation-based map of science, where nodes are scientific disciplines and an edge indicates a strong co-citation count between publications in these disciplines. (2) Analyzing the success of interdisciplinarity. By evaluating the citation patterns of publications, we show that misclassification can be linked to interdisciplinarity and, furthermore, that misclassified articles have different citation frequencies than correctly classified articles: In the highest 10 percent of journals in each discipline, these misclassified articles are on average cited more frequently, while in the rest of the journals they are cited less frequently.

This study explores the cognitive and corporeal aspects of choreography as a means of expressing the human subconscious. Recent interdisciplinary research, including studies of somatic intelligence and mirror neurons, suggests that dance can influence human cognitive abilities through psychosomatics. Mirror neurons allow for kinesthetic empathy, enabling dance observers to experience movements, emotions, and experiences as their own. The authors argue that dance, which engages multiple aspects of a person, is a crucial tool for educating the younger generation and should be included in compulsory education programs, rather than just as extracurricular activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents quantitative and qualitative findings from an interdisciplinary research project exploring student teachers' positive perceptions of people on the autism spectrum. The set of findings reported in this paper asked 704 student teachers from one university in England (n = 191), Finland (n = 251) and Sweden (n = 262) to write down the first three words they thought of to identify the characteristics of people on the autism spectrum. Data was analysed using a multi-layered, deductive co-rated coding approach. Through this approach repeated words were extracted as were negative and undetermined words, leaving only positive words. Examination of the positive words identified found differences in the manner student teachers focus on the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum as this is an understudied area of research. Finnish student teachers more frequently used language to describe the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum that reflected their perception of learning being their primary professional role. However, English and Swedish student teachers used language that showed they perceived their role as encompassing the social and emotional development of their pupils, with little reflection about the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum as learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking Big Data research as a case study, this article intends to investigate the cognitive relatedness of research topics across the global science landscape to a focal topic. Several levels of cognitive relatedness are established depending on the citation distance between the citing publications and a core set of publications. The concept of citation generation is adopted for identifying and classifying other publications with different levels of relatedness to the core set. The micro publication-level classification system of Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) is applied for determining clusters of publication sets at the topic level. The overall cognitive relatedness of micro clusters to Big Data core publications are measured based on the mean citation generation of all the publications in corresponding clusters. In addition to the given clusters, this study also explores the 'topics' relatedness from a semantic point of view, by extracting high-frequency title terms of publications in each generation. Results show that data analysis methods and technologies are the topics with the strongest cognitive relatedness to Big Data research, while topics on physics and astronomy studies present the weakest relatedness. This approach allows assessment of relatedness between research topics by considering the citations distribution across multiple citation generations, and can provide useful insights to study and characterise topics with fuzzy boundaries or are difficult to delineate, thus representing a novel toolset relevant in the context of studying interdisciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) is the largest professional membership body within the field of counselling and psychological therapies in the UK, but there is a mismatch between its membership of >65,000 and its research impact. This article sets out a potential strategic direction as considered by an informal grouping of researchers and teachers in the field. Actionable research plans are outlined at three levels: client–practitioner, local communities, and societies. At the client–practitioner level, data‐informed practice can be readily implemented as a therapeutic aid akin to supervision, providing the potential for integrating research into everyday practice. At the community level, interdisciplinary collaborations together with a focus on equality, diversity, and inclusiveness are paths to building a community of researchers and citizens that includes marginalised populations. The importance of social justice extends to the societal level, connecting with politics at a micro and macro level, and engaging internationally to respond to actual threats (e.g., climate change). Across these three levels, high value is placed on data with its potential for informing and improving practice, but also enhancing the lives of people in communities and societies. Overall, research strategies need to be collaborative (i.e., collegial) and less singular (i.e., individually project‐based), developing cumulative knowledge around specific topics via a 'capture and build' strategy for small projects with strategic oversight by BACP. Clarity of research strategy combined with collaborative and collective action from BACP and leaders in the field can help realise the full potential of BACP's research capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay gives closer historical consideration to the unprecedented disciplinary impact of Belk's (1988) conceptualization of the extended self. This canonical article initially appeared to be another flashpoint in the paradigmatic conflict between positivist and interpretivist consumer researchers. However, Belk's portrayal of consumers as agentic actors who produce their own identities through a network of possessions and symbolic artefacts proved to be highly compatible with interdisciplinary trends toward a more holistic and socio-culturally situated understanding of consumer behavior. Accordingly, Belk's "extended self" created an ontological bridge between interpretivist studies of consumers' co-constituting relations to the socio-material world and consumer psychologists' quest to expand their research interests beyond the study of rational decision making processes. While some marketing historians have suggested that the extended self's seminal influence derives from its generative "vagueness," I propose that its transformational effects on the broader field of consumer research trace to a genius of mythopoesis and a genius of timing. I then discuss how the logic of ontological reconfiguration, manifest in Belk's conceptualization, can foster more synergistic and innovative inter-paradigmatic dialogues between consumer culture theory (CCT) and consumer psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Out-of-home (OOH) advertising is an important and prominent component in many advertising campaigns. Yet the medium is underresearched, and scholarly research is highly fragmented. The purpose of this systematic review is to consolidate the extant OOH advertising literature, identify gaps within and among the disparate and multidisciplinary research streams, and offer a theoretically grounded agenda to stimulate interest in OOH advertising research. The review includes 454 articles spanning 104 years. Research results are divided between ad management and public policy topics, and 20 research questions are presented to move scholarly research forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interdisciplinary research plays a crucial role in addressing complex problems by integrating knowledge from multiple disciplines. This integration fosters innovative solutions and enhances understanding across various fields. This study explores the historical and sociological development of interdisciplinary research and maps its evolution through three distinct phases: pre-disciplinary, disciplinary, and post-disciplinary. It identifies key internal dynamics, such as disciplinary diversification, reorganization, and innovation, as primary drivers of this evolution. Additionally, this study highlights how external factors, particularly the urgency of World War II and the subsequent political and economic changes, have accelerated its advancement. The rise of interdisciplinary research has significantly reshaped traditional educational paradigms, promoting its integration across different educational levels. However, the inherent contradictions within interdisciplinary research present cognitive, emotional, and institutional challenges for researchers. Meanwhile, finding a balance between the breadth and depth of knowledge remains a critical challenge in interdisciplinary education.

The article considers the main participants of artificial sociality (people and artificial intelligence tools) and communication between them. The study is predominantly sociological but includes an attempt to address the mathematical-technological aspects of artificial intelligence as creating a new social reality for human society - artificial sociality. In the first part of the article, the authors analyze communication as the basis of sociality, using the methodology of N. Luhmann. The second part shows how mathematical technologies of artificial intelligence became social technologies in the framework of artificial sociality. The third part describes experimental communication between people and artificial intelligence tools on the example of ChatGPT. The authors conducted a sociological survey of students at the Daugavpils University (January 2024, N = 423, excluding IT students) to identify typological groups in relation to the use of artificial intelligence in education. Three “ideal types” of students were identified: “optimistic users” (18 %), “neutral testers” (17 %) and “skeptic avoiders” (10 %), and a mixed group of “testers-optimists” (31 %) - the largest group of respondents with a positive attitude towards artificial intelligence but without sufficient experience of interaction with it. According to the authors’ empirical data, there is a stratification among students in relation to artificial intelligence tools and their use in learning, which may lead to segmentation of the higher education in the future (in terms of training formats, its participants, organization of the educational process and perhaps the results of learning). The demand for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of artificial intelligence will increase, since it is interdisciplinary in nature, and no single science will be able to make a breakthrough.

The Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Sciences (IJMS) plays a crucial role in advancing the understanding and application of management science in various fields. This editorial paper explores the intersection between interdisciplinary research and management science, emphasising the Journal's contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). IJMS encourages innovative research that addresses complex managerial issues, discourses, and challenges by incorporating principles from economics, engineering, social sciences, and technology. This paper highlights key areas of focus, such as decision-making, supply chain management, innovation, human resources, financial management, marketing, sustainability, educational management, conflict management, and governance. The relevance of each area to specific SDGs is discussed, showcasing how interdisciplinary approaches can provide comprehensive understanding and solutions to global issues. Despite the cognitive obstacles posed by disciplinary boundaries, methodological disparities, and pedagogical peculiarities inherent in interdisciplinary research, there are ample opportunities to leverage technological advancements and foster collaborative research for effective knowledge advancement. The IJMS's commitment to bridging theory and practice not only advances knowledge in management science but also makes a significant contribution to achieving the SDGs. This editorial calls for increased support from scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to further recognise interdisciplinary research in line with the Journal's vision for a future where management science drives sustainable development.

Background Diverse bacterial group behaviors are controlled by quorum sensing, a regulatory network of bacterial gene expression based on cell density, and involving communication through chemical signal molecules called autoinducers. Multidisciplinary research in toxigenic Vibrio cholerae the etiologic agent of cholera, appear to suggest group behavior in the ecology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and transmission of the pathogen. This review summarizes latest advances and known aspects of quorum regulated environmental survival form of V. cholerae, and their role in cholera outbreaks, as well as the significance of this knowledge in tracking the pathogen for prevention of cholera. Main body Pathogenic V. cholerae naturally exists in aquatic reservoirs, and infects humans, often leading to epidemic outbreaks of cholera. Effective detection and monitoring of the pathogen in surface waters have been a research focus in preventing cholera outbreaks. However, in the aquatic reservoirs, V. cholerae persists mostly in a quiescent state referred to as viable but non-culturable (VBNC), or conditionally viable environmental cells (CVEC), which fail to grow in routine bacteriological culture. The presence of CVEC can, however, be observed by fluorescent antibody based microscopy, and they appear as clumps of cells embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix. Current studies suggest that CVEC found in water are derived from in-vivo formed biofilms excreted by cholera patients. The transition to CVEC occurs when dilution of autoinducers in water blocks quorum-mediated regulatory responses that would normally disperse the cellular aggregates. Consequently, CVEC are resuscitated to actively growing cells if autoinducers are replenished, either in the laboratory, or naturally by other environmental bacteria or the intestinal microbiota when CVEC are ingested by humans or aquatic animals. Conclusion Quorum sensing plays a crucial role in the environmental persistence of toxigenic V. cholerae in a latent state, and their periodic emergence to cause cholera outbreaks. Furthermore, the autoinducer driven resuscitation of these cells may be a basis for improving the detection of V. cholerae in water samples, and monitoring V. cholerae in their aquatic reservoirs in cholera endemic areas. Keywords: Cholera, Vibrio cholerae, Biofilms, Quorum sensing, Autoinducers, Conditionally viable environmental cells (CVEC), Author(s): Shah Nayeem Faruque[sup.1,2], Shinji Yamasaki[sup.3,4] and Shah M. Faruque[sup.5] Background Epidemics of cholera due to infection with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 continue to be a significant public health problem [...]

Increasing research efforts are focused on studying the synthesis and mechanisms of nanomedicine in urologic cancer. We performed a bibliometric study of the literature on nanomedicine in urologic cancer over the last 23 years, focusing on aspects such as researchers, institutions, nations, and keywords. We searched for papers in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1, 2001, to December 29, 2023. Only reviews and original articles written in English were considered. A total of 2386 papers satisfied the given criteria for inclusion. The publications included in the study originated from 90 nations. The United States had the largest number of published papers, accounting for more than 31.01% of the total. The leading institution in this field is the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with a publishing output of 2.35%. Farokhzad, Omid C., is the most prolific author, with 21 articles, and has garnered the most citations, totaling 6271. The latest phrase to enter the top ten most common lists was "gold nanoparticles." We searched for papers in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1, 2000, to November 28, 2023. Only reviews and original articles written in English were considered. This is the first bibliometric study of nanomedicine in urologic cancer. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of research on nanomedicine in urologic cancer over the last 23 years. On the basis of this study, future researchers can identify noteworthy publications, journals, and potential collaborators and explore cutting-edge research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]