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O processo de expansão e diversificação das instituições dedicadas ao ensino e à produção científi ca e tecnológica tem sido caracterizado pela intensifi cação das disputas pelo sentido da formação superior e do conhecimento científico. Nesse contexto, o discurso da inovação e do desenvolvimento social e econômico acaba por assumir um papel importante na redefi nição das relações entre o setor público e privado no ordenamento das políticas de ciência, tecnologia e inovação. Este artigo procura compreender o modo como as recentes transformações no regime jurídico institucional do sistema de ciência e tecnologia do país têm dado novos contornos a essas relações. A partir de pesquisa histórica sobre a trajetória de atuação do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (IPT) e de pesquisa documental em relatórios e documentos, analisamos o processo de elaboração e implementação do projeto IPT Open Experience. Concluímos que as reformas jurídicas e a atuação de um novo grupo de agentes no âmbito do IPT contribuíram para o estabelecimento de um novo arranjo institucional direcionado ao arrendamento do Instituto para o setor privado.

In this paper, an inductive power transfer (IPT) system without compensation elements is presented for small house appliances. The proposed system’s transmitter side is an independent induction heating cooktop. IPT can be achieved when the kettle with the receiving coils is placed on the transmitter coil. The coils are designed with a high coupling coefficient. The magnetic system model consisting of aligned transmitter and receiver coils is created in the Maxwell program. In the created model, the analysis depends on the air gap and frequency, which are the variables that affect the wireless power transfer. The electronic circuit simulation uses the coil model to examine the system’s dynamic behavior. The design of the transmitter/receiver coils of the IPT system is made with a cylindrical coil with a diameter of 145 mm, taking into account that it is compatible with the dimensions of the existing kettle and induction heating cooktops coil. A half-bridge series resonant converter circuit is used to adjust the power transferred to the load. To verify the simulation results and test the designed system, an experimental circuit using a 2200 W kettle is carried out. In the experiments, the air gap between the coils is kept constant at 7 mm, and measurements are taken for different powers. Experimental results confirm the magnetic model and simulation results. As a result, wireless power transfer is realized in a wide range without loss of performance in the kettle. System efficiency is greater than the 90% specified in the Ki cordless kitchen standard, and the harmonic currents drawn from the mains are lower than the values determined by the IEC 61000-3-2 standard.

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and the associated coactivator ADA2b regulate root growth and affect gene expression. The cytokinin signaling reporter TCS::GFP was introduced into gcn5-1, ada2b-1, and ada2a-2, as well as the ada2a-2ada2b-1 mutants. The early root growth (4 to 7 days post-germination) was analyzed using cellular and molecular approaches. TCS signal accumulated from the fourth to seventh days of root growth in the wild-type columella cells. In contrast, ada2b-1 and gcn5-1 and ada2a-2ada2b-1 double mutants displayed reduced TCS expression relative to wild type. Gene expression analysis showed that genes associated with cytokinin homeostasis were downregulated in the roots of gcn5-1 and ada2b-1 mutants compared to wild-type plants. H3K14 acetylation was affected in the promoters of cytokinin synthesis and catabolism genes during root growth of Arabidopsis. Therefore, GCN5 and ADA2b are positive regulators of cytokinin signaling during root growth by modulating histone acetylation and the expression of genes involved in cytokinin synthesis and catabolism. Auxin application in the roots of wild-type seedlings increased TCS::GFP expression. In contrast, ada2b and ada2ada2b mutant plants do not show the auxin-induced TCS signal, suggesting that GCN5 and ADA2b are required for the auxin-induced cytokinin signaling in early root growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding the phytohormones, cytokinin's (CKs) biosynthesis, perception, and signalling pathways. Additionally, it became apparent that interfering with any of these steps has a significant effect on all stages of plant growth and development. As a result of their complex regulatory and cross-talk interactions with other hormones and signalling networks, they influence and control a wide range of biological activities, from cellular to organismal levels. In agriculture, CKs are extensively used for yield improvement and management because of their wide-ranging effects on plant growth, development and physiology. One of the primary targets in this regard is cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX), which is encoded by CKX gene, which catalyses the irreversible degradation of cytokinin. The previous studies on various agronomically important crops indicated that plant breeders have targeted CKX directly. In recent years, prokaryotic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has been increasingly used in editing the CKO/CKX gene and phenomenal results have been achieved. This review provides an updated information on the applications of CRISPR-based gene-editing tools in manipulating cytokinin metabolism at the genetic level for yield improvement. Furthermore, we summarized the current developments of RNP-mediated DNA/transgene-free genomic editing of plants which would broaden the application of this technology. The current review will advance our understanding of cytokinins and their role in sustainably increase crop production through CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite evidence that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) can reduce the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV), uptake of IPT is low in many resource-limited settings. This study determined the level of IPT uptake and its associated factors amongst PLHIV. Materials and Methods· This was a retrospective quantitative study amongst PLHIV who do not have active TB and enrolled in 2019 - 2020 for anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in Butebo district, Uganda. Data related to demographic factors (age, sex, religion, marital status, employment status, education level, area of residence, household density), health facility factors (pre-1PT counseling), community factors [distance from Health Center (H/C), incurred costs to reach H/C], and IPT drug-related factors [frequency of lsoniazid (INH) refill, INH stock-outs] were collected from four health facilities using a checklist. The data was analyzed into descriptive statistics and relationships determined using Chi-square tests. Results: Among eligible PLHIV (272), 34.2% achieved IPT uptake. The mean duration between HIV diagnosis and the start of IPT was 4.31 years, with IPT Uptake among males (37.0%), females (32.8%), married (39.5%), and Christians (35.4%). Factors that affect the rate of IPT uptake include employment, education, residence, costs to reach H/C, and pre IPT counseling. The IPT completion rate was 97.80/o. All the cases who had regular INH refill completed IPT compared to 60.0°/0 with the irregular refill, while 97.8% did not experience INH stock-outs and completed IPT. Conclusion: Pre-IPT counseling was the most significant contributing factor for IPT uptake.1PT uptake may be scaled up by integrating IPT services in routine HIV care, enhancing counseling for IPT and supervision and monitoring, training of health workers, and improving logistical supplies at the health centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Pediatric tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and TB-HIV co-infection are health problems with evidence-based diagnostic and treatment algorithms that can reduce morbidity and mortality. Implementation and operational barriers affect adherence to guidelines in many resource-constrained settings, negatively affecting patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess performance in the pediatric HIV and TB care cascades in Mozambique. Methods A retrospective analysis of routine PEPFAR site-level HIV and TB data from 2012 to 2016 was performed. Patients 0–14 years of age were included. Descriptive statistics were used to report trends in TB and HIV indicators. Linear regression was done to assess associations of site-level variables with performance in the pediatric TB and HIV care cascades using 2016 data. Results Routine HIV testing and cotrimoxazole initiation for co-infected children in the TB program were nearly optimal at 99% and 96% in 2016, respectively. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation was lower at 87%, but steadily improved from 2012 to 2016. From the HIV program, TB screening at the last consultation rose steadily over the study period, reaching 82% in 2016. The percentage of newly enrolled children who received either TB treatment or isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT) also steadily improved in all provinces, but in 2016 was only at 42% nationally. Larger volume sites were significantly more likely to complete the pediatric HIV and TB care cascades in 2016 (p value range 0.05 to

While many Chinese mental health professionals are familiar with modern psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are the mainstream therapy education and practice in today's China. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited evidence-based psychotherapy that was originally developed for the treatment of depression. It has since been supported by over 250 randomized clinical trials in the treatment of various mental conditions including anxiety, and eating disorders. Despite good evidence for efficacy, IPT was not formally introduced to China until recently. This article describes a strategic plan for disseminating IPT knowledge in China and reports on current progress to date. We also summarize the discussion results from recent training lectures and workshops, and present suggestions for cultural adaptation per feedback from many enthusiastic trainees. Challenges and the future of promoting further integration of IPT as another effective psychotherapy option in China are discussed as well.

Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding the phytohormones, cytokinin’s (CKs) biosynthesis, perception, and signalling pathways. Additionally, it became apparent that interfering with any of these steps has a significant effect on all stages of plant growth and development. As a result of their complex regulatory and cross-talk interactions with other hormones and signalling networks, they influence and control a wide range of biological activities, from cellular to organismal levels. In agriculture, CKs are extensively used for yield improvement and management because of their wide-ranging effects on plant growth, development and physiology. One of the primary targets in this regard is cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX), which is encoded by CKX gene, which catalyses the irreversible degradation of cytokinin. The previous studies on various agronomically important crops indicated that plant breeders have targeted CKX directly. In recent years, prokaryotic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has been increasingly used in editing the CKO/CKX gene and phenomenal results have been achieved. This review provides an updated information on the applications of CRISPR-based gene-editing tools in manipulating cytokinin metabolism at the genetic level for yield improvement. Furthermore, we summarized the current developments of RNP-mediated DNA/transgene-free genomic editing of plants which would broaden the application of this technology. The current review will advance our understanding of cytokinins and their role in sustainably increase crop production through CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool.

Objective: The Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) is a method to guide treatment selection by investigating which of two or more treatments is optimal for a given individual. Recently, it was shown that, on average, twice-weekly sessions of psychotherapy for depression lead to better outcomes compared to once-weekly sessions. The present study applied the PAI method to assess if subgroups of patients may have a differential response to psychotherapy frequency. Method: Data came from a clinical trial (n = 200) randomizing depressed patients into different session frequencies: weekly sessions versus twice-weekly sessions. Machine-learning techniques were used to select pretreatment variables and develop a multivariable prediction model that calculated each patient's PAI. Differences in observed depression post-treatment scores (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI-II]) were tested between patients that received their PAI-indicated versus non-indicated session frequency. Between-group effect sizes (Cohen's d) were reported. Results: We identified prognostic indicators generally associated with lower post-treatment BDI-II regardless of treatment assignment. In addition, we identified specific demographic and psychometric features associated with differential response to weekly- versus twice-weekly therapy sessions. Observed post-treatment BDI-II scores were significantly different between individuals receiving the PAI-indicated versus non-indicated session frequency (d =.37). Conclusions: Although a higher session frequency is more effective on average, different session frequencies seem beneficial for different patients. Future studies should externally validate these findings before they can be generalized to other settings. What is the public health significance of this article?: Although a higher session frequency is more effective for depression on average, different session frequencies might be beneficial for different patients. Results in the present sample indicated that a higher session frequency might be most beneficial for patients with less than two earlier treatments, low-reported happiness, males, with higher behavioral activation, lower physical functioning, better general health, a longer duration of symptoms considered as untenable, better perceived health change in the past year, and low-working memory. Furthermore, patients with more previous treatments, worse general health, higher working memory, and higher reported happiness may benefit more from the once-weekly sessions. These findings require external validation before they can be generalized to other settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Plural - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of Revista Plural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) can be effective for both Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and co-occurring depression. While changes in symptoms of Eating disorder (ED) and depression have been found to correlate, it is unclear how they interact during treatment and in which order the symptoms decrease. Methods Thirty-one patients with BN and depressive symptoms received IPT using the manual IPT-BNm in a naturalistic design. The outcome was measured with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Symptom improvement at each session was measured with Repeated Evaluation of Eating Disorder Symptoms (REDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results Significant improvements with large effect sizes were found on both ED symptoms and depression. The rates of change were linear for both BN and depression. A strong correlation between reduction of depressive symptoms and ED symptoms was found. Depressive symptom reduction at one session predicted improvement of ED symptoms at the next session. Conclusions IPT-BNm had an effect on both BN and co-occurring depressive symptoms. The analyses indicated that reduction in depressive symptoms preceded reduction in bulimic symptoms.

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection constitute a deadly infectious disease synergy disease and major public health problem throughout the world. The risk of developing active TB in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is 21 times higher than the rest of the world population. The overlap of latent TB infection and HIV infection has resulted in marked increases in TB incidence in countries with dual epidemics. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the single most significant way to reduce incident TB in PLHIV, besides early ART initiation, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is the key intervention to prevent TB among PLHIV. This prospective cohort and longitudinal study aimed to document; retention, adherence, development of active TB disease, possible adverse drug reactions and completion among patients initiated on IPT in Jan 2019. Methods This was both a prospective cohort and longitudinal study nested within a national quality improvement collaborative in which multiple quality improvement teams tested changes in care delivery to improve the delivery of IPT. The prospective cohort were HIV patients without TB disease initiated on a dosage of Isoniazid 300 mg/day for adults and 150 mg/day for children for a period of 6 months. Association statistics were used to describe patient characteristics and outcomes. Variables with p-value

This article presents a new model of a dedicated air transformer for computer analyses of wireless power transfer systems. This model includes a form of subcircuit for SPICE. It takes into account the electric, magnetic and thermal properties of the modeled device. The form of the elaborated model is presented and the results of its experimental verification are shown. Some results from measurements and computations of an air transformer and a wireless power transfer system containing this transformer are shown and discussed. The structure of the tested system and the measuring setup used are also described. The results of measurements and computations illustrating the influence of the distance between the windings of the air transformer and the displacement between its windings on the output voltage of the power transfer system are presented and discussed. The influence of load resistance on the properties of the considered system is analyzed.

Introduction: The rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide within 2 months demonstrated the vulnerability of the world's population to infectious diseases. In 2015, the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) was launched to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the decade-long global battle against AMR based on GLASS data., Methods: South Korea established Kor-GLASS (Korean-GLASS) to proactively monitor data quality and enable international collaborations. A unique feature of Kor-GLASS is the quality control center (QCC), which uses network hubs and ensures standardized, high-quality data through interlaboratory proficiency testing (IPT) and external quality assessment (EQA). In addition, the QCC multifaceted endeavors for integrated data quality management., Results: Since 2020, high-quality AMR data have indicated fluctuating antibiotic resistance rates in South Korea. This trend does not align with the decrease in antibiotic usage seen in humans but coincides with non-human antibiotic sales, indicating a need for greater monitoring of non-human antibiotic resistance. Comprehensive and robust management taking account of the intricate interplay among humans, animals, and the environment is essential. Kor-GLASS has been expanded into a "One Health" multiagency collaborative initiative., Discussion: Although a standardized solution is not suitable for all countries, it must align with the local context and international standards. A centralized top-down management structure such as that of the QCC is essential to ensure continuous data quality coordination. Sustained efforts and surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring and managing AMR and safeguarding human health., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Kim, Park, Kim, Kim, Shin, Kim, Uh, Kim, Shin, Jeong and Park.)

Inflammatory pseudotumors (IPTs) of the spleen are rare and have often been reported to be associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Radiographically differentiating IPTs of the spleen from other malignant tumors is challenging, and splenectomy is often performed as a definitive treatment. We report a case of an EBV-associated splenic IPT in a male patient in his 70s. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a splenic mass that increased from 2.4 cm to 3.9 cm in diameter over one year. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that the mass showed a slightly high intensity on T1-weighted images and heterogeneous low intensity on T2-weighted images. On dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, the mass showed weak and gradual inhomogeneous enhancement. A 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/CT demonstrated increased FDG uptake in the mass. Splenectomy was performed and the pathological diagnosis was EBV-associated IPT. EBV-associated splenic IPT can mimic malignant tumors on imaging, making it challenging to differentiate them from other splenic diseases., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Background: Interpersonal trauma (IPT) is one of the most commonly reported types of traumatic experiences and has the greatest likelihood of resulting in a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Relative to other types of trauma, victims of IPT report greater trauma-specific rumination, whereby they focus on negative consequences of the trauma on their life. Theoretical and empirical work suggest trauma-specific rumination leads to elevated posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); however, there has been a dearth of research examining how trauma type may impact this association. Therefore, the current longitudinal study examined how the experience of IPT moderates the relationship between trauma-specific rumination and later PTSS.Method: Participants (N = 204) enrolled in a clinical trial completed self-report measures of trauma experience, trauma-specific rumination, and PTSS at baseline and 1-month follow-up appointments.Results: Results revealed that IPT moderated the relationship between baseline rumination and 1-month trauma symptoms, even after covarying for participant age and sex, treatment condition, negative affect, and number of previously experienced traumas. Further, this moderation effect was specific to the PTSD numbing cluster.Limitations: Major limitations include measurement of PTSS via PCL-C rather than the PCL-5, as well as a limited sample size, precluding moderation analyses of other trauma types.Conclusions: The current study provides novel findings demonstrating specificity of index trauma type in the longitudinal relationship between rumination and PTSS. Future work is needed to examine how IPT impacts the development of pathways between rumination and PTSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sedentary plant-parasitic cyst nematodes are biotrophs that cause significant losses in agriculture. Parasitism is based on modifications of host root cells that lead to the formation of a hypermetabolic feeding site (a syncytium) from which nematodes withdraw nutrients. The host cell cycle is activated in an initial cell selected by the nematode for feeding, followed by activation of neighboring cells and subsequent expansion of feeding site through fusion of hundreds of cells. It is generally assumed that nematodes manipulate production and signaling of the plant hormone cytokinin to activate cell division. In fact, nematodes have been shown to produce cytokinin in vitro; however, whether the hormone is secreted into host plants and plays a role in parasitism remained unknown. Here, we analyzed the spatiotemporal activation of cytokinin signaling during interaction between the cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, and Arabidopsis using cytokinin-responsive promoter:reporter lines. Our results showed that cytokinin signaling is activated not only in the syncytium but also in neighboring cells to be incorporated into syncytium. An analysis of nematode infection on mutants that are deficient in cytokinin or cytokinin signaling revealed a significant decrease in susceptibility of these plants to nematodes. Further, we identified a cytokinin-synthesizing isopentenyltransferase gene in H. schachtii and show that silencing of this gene in nematodes leads to a significant decrease in virulence due to a reduced expansion of feeding sites. Our findings demonstrate the ability of a plant-parasitic nematode to synthesize a functional plant hormone to manipulate the host system and establish a long-term parasitic interaction.

Teaching point: An inflammatory pseudotumor can occur almost everywhere in the body and has nonspecific imaging findings.

Social support is an important extra-therapeutic context of depression treatment, yet no overall estimate is available on how depression treatment affects social support or the size of such an effect. We conducted a meta-analysis of clinical trials of psychotherapy for depression that reported results for social support at post-treatment. A total of 1,579 adults with depression from 11 trials comparing psychotherapy to care-as-usual or waiting list were included. The majority of these studies assessed the participants' perceptions of social support. Specifically, three studies targeted women with postpartum depression, and four studies targeted individuals with chronic disease. In all these studies, psychotherapy had a small to moderate, yet consistent effect on social support compared to care-as-usual or waiting list at post-treatment (g = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.29~0.48) and at 3-6 month follow-up (g= 0.38; 95% CI: 0.14~0.63). Little evidence of heterogeneity was found across studies, and the results were consistent in several sensitivity analyses. No significant publication bias was detected (Egger's test p > 0.1). The result of meta-regression showed that improvement in depression symptoms was associated with improvement in social support, but this was not statistically significant.

Summary: Cytokinins play a central role in delaying senescence, reducing oxidative damage and maintaining plant growth during drought. This study showed that the ectopic expression of ProRE‐deleted MdIPT5b, a key enzyme involved in cytokinin metabolism, increased the drought tolerance of transgenic Malus domestica (apple) callus and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seedlings by maintaining cytokinin homeostasis, and thus maintaining redox balance. Under restricted watering regimes, the yields of transgenic tomato plants were enhanced. Heterodimers of C/S1 bZIP are involved in the cytokinin‐mediated drought response. The heterodimers bind the ProRE of MdIPT5b promoter, thus directly suppressing gene transcription. Single C/S1 bZIP members could not independently function as suppressors. However, specific paired members (heterodimers of MdbZIP80 with MdbZIP2 or with MdbZIP39) effectively suppressed transcription. The α‐helical structure is essential for the heterodimerization of C/S1 bZIP members and for synergistic transcriptional suppression. As negative regulators of drought tolerance, suppressing either MdbZIP2 or MdbZIP39 alone does not improve the expression of MdIPT5b and did not increase the drought tolerance of transgenic apple callus. However, this could be achieved when they were co‐suppressed. The suppression of MdbZIP80 alone could improve MdIPT5b expression and increase the drought tolerance of transgenic apple callus. However, these effects were reversed in response to the cosuppression of MdbZIP80 and MdIPT5b. Similar results were also observed during delayed dark‐induced senescence in apple leaves. In conclusion, the apple C/S1 bZIP network (involving MdbZIP2, MdbZIP39 and MdbZIP80) directly suppressed the expression of MdIPT5b, thus negatively modulating drought tolerance and dark‐induced senescence in a functionally redundant manner. Significance Statement: This study proposes the condition of cytokinin homeostasis (appropriate and steady concentration), which counteracts leaf senescence and essentially improves drought tolerance. A regulatory relationship was found between the C/S1 bZIP network and cytokinins, which provides insights into cytokinin regulation under drought stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Isopentenyltransferase (IPT) in plants regulates a rate‐limiting step of cytokinin (CTK) biosynthesis. IPTs are recognized as key regulators of CTK homeostasis and phytohormone crosstalk in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Recent research has revealed the regulatory function of IPTs in gene expression and metabolite profiles including source‐sink modifications, energy metabolism, nutrient allocation and storage, stress defence and signalling pathways, protein synthesis and transport, and membrane transport. This suggests that IPTs play a crucial role in plant growth and adaptation. In planta studies of IPT‐driven modifications indicate that, at a physiological level, IPTs improve stay‐green characteristics, delay senescence, reduce stress‐induced oxidative damage and protect photosynthetic machinery. Subsequently, these improvements often manifest as enhanced or stabilized crop yields and this is especially apparent under environmental stress. These mechanisms merit consideration of the IPTs as 'master regulators' of core cellular metabolic pathways, thus adjusting plant homeostasis/adaptive responses to altered environmental stresses, to maximize yield potential. If their expression can be adequately controlled, both spatially and temporally, IPTs can be a key driver for seed yield. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of recent findings on how IPTs influence plant stress physiology and yield, and we highlight areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) model, with its four problematic areas of grief, deficit, role transition and role dispute, provides a useful frame of reference for a quick case formulation. We aimed at applying the IPT problematic areas assessment in a sample of patients from a liaison psychiatry setting. Methods: One-hundred and twenty-nine hospitalized patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 80 years were interviewed. The 'Interpersonal Problem Areas Rating Scale' (IPARS) was used to detect the interpersonal focuses. Results: IPARS problematic areas were identified in the 76% of the sample (n=98). Grief and role transition, interpersonal deficits and role disputes were, respectively, the most frequently (43.4 and 42.6%, respectively) and the less frequently described focuses (14 and 11.6%). Moreover, 31 patients (24%) showed no problem areas related to current symptomatology. Conclusions: The IPT model has proved to be an easy-to-use tool, able to guide the psychological interview and allowing the collection of information from an interpersonal perspective in a short time, although no specific focuses were detected as related to current psychological distress in around 25% of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) P1078, a randomized noninferiority study designed to compare the safety of starting isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) either during pregnancy or after delivery, showed that IPT during pregnancy increased the risk of composite adverse pregnancy outcomes, but not individual outcomes. Many known factors are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes: these factors' associations and effect modifications with IPT and pregnancy outcomes were examined. Methods Pregnant women living with HIV from 8 countries with tuberculosis incidences >60/100 000 were randomly assigned to initiate 28 weeks of IPT either during pregnancy or at 12 weeks after delivery. Using univariable and multivariable logistic regression and adjusting for factors associated with pregnancy outcomes, composite and individual adverse pregnancy outcome measures were analyzed. Results This secondary analysis included 925 mother-infant pairs. All mothers were receiving antiretrovirals. The adjusted odds of fetal demise, preterm delivery (PTD), low birth weight (LBW), or a congenital anomaly (composite outcome 1) were 1.63 times higher among women on immediate compared to deferred IPT (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–2.31). The odds of fetal demise, PTD, LBW, or neonatal death within 28 days (composite outcome 2) were 1.62 times higher among women on immediate IPT (95% CI, 1.14–2.30). The odds of early neonatal death within 7 days, fetal demise, PTD, or LBW (composite outcome 3) were 1.74 times higher among women on immediate IPT (95% CI, 1.22–2.49). Conclusions We confirmed higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with the initiation of IPT during pregnancy, after adjusting for known risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D coil design limits the use of wireless power transfer (WPT) in many products with freeform outer shapes. In this paper, enabled by 3D printed electronics, we propose a systematic approach to design and fabricate 3D coils for WPT. Based on the circular spiral and rectangular spiral patterns, 3D receiver and transmitter coils can be generated on an arbitrarily selected region of a product and its offset, respectively. Mathematical models are proposed to estimate the self-inductance and the mutual-inductance of the 3D arbitrarily shaped coils for 3D WPT. This leads to a new design approach of a 3D WPT system. Several sets of 3D printed WPT systems were designed, simulated, and prototyped to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design approach as well as the mathematical models. The calculation speed of the proposed mathematical models is 30 times faster than the simulation, and compared with the measurement results, the calculation results have mean absolute errors of 2.63% and 4.45% regarding the self- and the mutual-inductance, where the simulation results have mean absolute errors of 1.20% and 2.38%, respectively. Measurements also indicate that with a 5V input, the prototypes are able to deliver 1-watt power at an efficiency ranging between 20.9% and 25.3%. It was concluded that the proposed approach is feasible and promising for designing and manufacturing WPT using 3D printed electronics.

Copyright of Journal of Defense Sciences / Savunma Bilmleri Dergisi is the property of Turkish Military Academy Defense Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The success rate of endodontic treatment is lower than expected, and is both time-consuming and expensive. Thus, techniques to enable a clinician to avoid it deserve more attention. Indirect pulp treatment (IPT) is a simple and effective treatment to preserve pulp vitality in teeth with deep carious lesions. Scientific data supports this treatment as means to preserving a healthy, vital pulp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, suicidal behaviors have shown substantial increase worldwide. This trend is also prominent in Israel and has led to a dramatic increase in mental health treatment demand resulting in long wait times and low treatment acceptance rate. To address the critical need in crisis intervention for children and adolescents at suicidal risk we developed an ultra-brief acute crisis intervention, based on Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT). IPT is an evidence-based intervention for various psychopathologies among different age groups. The current adaptation of IPT-A is comprised of five weekly sessions, followed by monthly follow-up caring email contacts to the patients and their parents, over a period of 3 months. This paper aims to review the theoretical foundation of this intervention, describe the research design, and present preliminary results of a pilot study. Preliminary Results from our samples of 26 adolescents indicate meaningful trends for both the suicidal ideation (SIQ) and depression (MFQ) outcome measures. Significant interaction was found concerning suicidal ideation but not for depression. Main limitations include small sample size and stratified controls. The treatment appears to be safe, feasible and acceptable and initial results show promising trends to support further study of the approach.

The label transcription and imaging of specimens in key African herbaria has been ongoing since the early 2000s. Many collections in Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea Conakry, and Togo are now fully transcribed and partially digitized. More than 200 000 transcribed specimens are available with the following distribution: • Benin: 45 000 • Cameroon: 70 000 • Côte d'Ivoire: 18 000 • Gabon: 70 000 • Guinea Conakry: 5 000 • Togo: 15 000 In April 2021, a BID project was started to deliver a regional data platform of West and Central African herbaria. Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) is a multi-year programme funded by the European Union and led by GBIF with the aim of enhancing capacity for effective mobilization and use of biodiversity data in research and policy in the 'ACP' nations of sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific. Our project's funding runs from April 2021 to April 2023. At this stage of the project, we are working on defining the information technology (IT) architecture (Fig. 1) and selecting the tools that we will be using to achieve our goals. In the talk, we will present our conclusions through architecture schemas and tools demonstrations. Each of the 6 countries will have its own PostgreSQL database, storing its data. They will also have access to the RIHA data management platform (Réseau Informatique des Herbiers d'Afrique / Digital Network of African Herbaria). This is a web application, developed in PHP, allowing full management of the data by herbarium administrators (Fig. 2). An Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) will fetch these herbaria data from the databases, create the Darwin Core archives, and connect these data automatically to gbif.org on a periodic basis (Fig. 3). On the databases, we will use a PostgreSQL view to ease conversion from the RIHA data model to the Darwin Core model. On the IPT, we will create one dataset per country, linked to each PostgreSQL view. The SQL query will be configured to only fetch validated data, depending on the herbarium administrator's validation in the RIHA platform. The automatic and periodic data transmission to gbif.org is a feature available in the IPT, and recently improved by the GBIF France team, which contributes to the IPT development. Another part of the automatic data workflow will be to feed a Living Atlases portal for the West and Central African herbaria. This web application will allow public users to search, display and download herbaria data from West and Central Africa (Fig. 4). Internally, this Living Atlases application will reuse open source modules developed by the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA). The application is mainly written in Java, uses JQuery/Bootstrap for the interface and relies on SolR and Spark in the backend. It has been developed to be easily reusable, by only modifying configuration and doing web customization (HTML / CSS), hiding most of the backend technological complexity. The automatic data workflow will transfer datasets generated by the IPT, in Darwin Core Archive format, to the Living Atlases portal backend. A technical task orchestrator, yet to be selected, will implement this feature. Living Atlases subportals, limited to data of one participating country, could be easily set up, leveraging the existing backend resources (Fig. 5). One of the benefits of the Living Atlases portal is that we can easily deploy additional front end applications with limited data, configured by a filter (here, a filter on the data owner country). Only configuration and web customization (HTML / CSS) are required. All the backend modules, especially the ones storing data, are shared by the multiple front-ends, limiting the hardware consumption and data administration. The full automation of the workflow will allow this platform to run at a very low maintenance cost for IT administrators. Moreover, adding a new herbarium member from West and Central Africa will be quite easy thanks to the architecture of the Integrated Publishing Toolkit and Living Atlases tools (Fig. 6). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, suicidal behaviors have shown substantial increase worldwide. This trend is also prominent in Israel and has led to a dramatic increase in mental health treatment demand resulting in long wait times and low treatment acceptance rate. To address the critical need in crisis intervention for children and adolescents at suicidal risk we developed an ultra-brief acute crisis intervention, based on Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT). IPT is an evidence-based intervention for various psychopathologies among different age groups. The current adaptation of IPT-A is comprised of five weekly sessions, followed by monthly follow-up caring email contacts to the patients and their parents, over a period of 3 months. This paper aims to review the theoretical foundation of this intervention, describe the research design, and present preliminary results of a pilot study. Preliminary Results from our samples of 26 adolescents indicate meaningful trends for both the suicidal ideation (SIQ) and depression (MFQ) outcome measures. Significant interaction was found concerning suicidal ideation but not for depression. Main limitations include small sample size and stratified controls. The treatment appears to be safe, feasible and acceptable and initial results show promising trends to support further study of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report two adult patients with varied urologic symptoms who were found to have inflammatory pseudotumor on histopathology. The first patient had a large, solid, enhancing retroperitoneal mass lesion and presented with increased frequency of urination and recurrent urinary tract infections. The second patient had an obstructing left distal ureteric stricture and presented with painless hematuria. Though preoperative radiological diagnosis of this entity is not feasible, the present article illustrates the imaging findings in this unusual disease entity with review of the relevant literature.

This paper presents a custom-made, computer-connected, and controlled 3D platform that enables the evaluation of the coupling coefficient between the transmitter and receiver coil parts of an inductive wireless power transfer (IPT) system. The platform includes a computer application, a 3D positioning mechanism, and an inductance measurement circuit. The positioning mechanism moves the coils to the point in 3D space, and the inductance circuit measures the mutual inductance between the transmitter and the receiver coil. The measured value can be used to calculate the coupling coefficient between the transmitter and the receiver coil. The data are sent to the computer for further visualisation. The transmitter and the receiver coil can be evaluated by measuring the coupling coefficient between them in multiple points in space. Measurements performed with the platform can be used in the design and evaluation phases of inductive wireless power transfer systems and to extrapolate the polynomial function of the coupling coefficient in relation to the distance between coils or their misalignment.

This paper presents a platform developed for automated magnetic flux density measurement. The platform was designed to be used to measure the magnetic flux density of the transmitter/receiver coil of an inductive wireless power transfer system. The magnetic flux density of a transmitter was measured using a small, 3-axis search coil. The search coil was positioned in the 3D space above the transmitter coil using a 3D positioning mechanism and used to measure the magnetic flux density at a specific point. The data was then sent to a computer application to visualize the magnetic flux density. The measured magnetic field could be used in combination with electromagnetic field solvers to design and optimize transmitter coils for inductive wireless power transfer systems.

Challenging space missions include those at very low altitudes, where the atmosphere is source of aerodynamic drag on the spacecraft. To extend such missions lifetime, an efficient propulsion system is required. One solution is Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion (ABEP). It collects atmospheric particles to be used as propellant for an electric thruster. The system would minimize the requirement of limited propellant availability and can also be applied to any planet with atmosphere, enabling new mission at low altitude ranges for longer times. Challenging is also the presence of reactive chemical species, such as atomic oxygen in Earth orbit. Such species cause erosion of (not only) propulsion system components, i.e. acceleration grids, electrodes, and discharge channels of conventional EP systems. IRS is developing within the DISCOVERER project, an intake and a thruster for an ABEP system. The paper describes the design and implementation of the RF helicon-based inductive plasma thruster (IPT). This paper deals in particular with the design and implementation of a novel antenna called the birdcage antenna, a device well known in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and also lately employed for helicon-wave based plasma sources in fusion research. This is aided by the numerical tool XFdtd®. The IPT is based on RF electrodeless operation aided by an externally applied static magnetic field. The IPT is composed by an antenna, a discharge channel, a movable injector, and a solenoid. By changing the operational parameters along with the novel antenna design, the aim is to minimize losses in the RF circuit, and accelerate a quasi-neutral plasma plume. This is also to be aided by the formation of helicon waves within the plasma that are to improve the overall efficiency and achieve higher exhaust velocities. Finally, the designed IPT with a particular focus on the birdcage antenna design procedure is presented. • Inductive plasma thruster: contactless device, avoids electrode erosion, adapts to any propellant. • Birdcage antenna design at resonance for an RF-fed thruster. • Partial acceleration of quasi-neutral plasma plume, does not need a neutralizer. • Collects and uses planet's atmosphere as propellant. • Compensates drag of satellites at very low altitudes (e.g. VLEO) to extend mission's life time and enable new mission scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive impairment is considered a central feature of schizophrenia (SZ) and several rehabilitation treatments have been developed to try to improve cognitive deficits. Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of integrated psychological therapy (IPT) compared with a standard treatment (TAU) in two groups of patients with SZ, using a comprehensive testing battery of clinical, cognitive, social cognition and functional outcome domains. Methods: Forty-one patients with SZ were assigned to IPT or TAU groups in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Psychopathological, neuropsychological, emotional and functional outcome variables were assessed at baseline and after 36 weeks of treatment. Results: The IPT group showed significant improvements than the TAU group regarding clinical and functional outcome variables. Moreover, the IPT group improved significantly in the cognitive domains and emotional functioning. Finally, linear regression has highlighted that the improvement of cognitive variables depends on having done the IPT treatment. Conclusions: IPT seems to be effective in improving clinical, neuropsychological, emotional and functional outcome in chronic SZ inpatients. Further studies would be desirable to deepen the effectiveness of IPT in the field of the psychiatric rehabilitation pointing to the possibility of recovery from mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The isoniazid-resistant TB poses a threat to TB control efforts. Zimbabwe, one of the high TB burden countries, has not explored the burden of isoniazid resistant TB. Hence among all bacteriologically-confirmed TB patients diagnosed in Bulawayo City during March 2017 and December 2018, we aimed to assess the proportion with isoniazid resistant TB and associated factors. Also, we aimed to describe the TB treatment outcomes. Methodology: A cohort study involving routinely collected data by the National TB Reference Laboratory (NTBRL) in Bulawayo City and National TB programme of Zimbabwe. The percentage with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to express the proportion with isoniazidresistant TB. The modified Poisson regression was used to assess the association of demographic and clinical characteristics with isoniazid mono-resistant TB. Results: Of 2160 bacteriologically-confirmed TB patients, 1612 (74.6%) had their sputum received at the NTBRL and 743 (46.1%) had culture growth. Among those with culture growth, 34 (4.6%, 95% CI: 3.5-6.7) had isoniazid mono-resistant TB, 25 (3.3%, 95% CI: 2.2-4.9) had MDRTB. Thus, 59 (7.9%, 95% CI: 6.1-10.1) had isoniazid-resistant TB. Children < 15 years had a higher prevalence of isoniazid mono-resistant TB (aPR= 3.93; 95% CI: 1.24-12.45). Among those with rifampicin sensitive TB, patients with isoniazid-sensitive TB had higher favourable treatment outcomes compared to those with isoniazid-resistant TB (86.3% versus 75.5%, p = 0.039). Conclusions: The prevalence of isoniazid-resistant TB was low compared to neighbouring countries with high burden of TB-HIV. However, Zimbabwe should consider reviewing treatment guidelines for isoniazid mono-resistant TB due to the observed poor treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) can be effective for both Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and co-occurring depression. While changes in symptoms of Eating disorder (ED) and depression have been found to correlate, it is unclear how they interact during treatment and in which order the symptoms decrease. Methods: Thirty-one patients with BN and depressive symptoms received IPT using the manual IPT-BNm in a naturalistic design. The outcome was measured with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Symptom improvement at each session was measured with Repeated Evaluation of Eating Disorder Symptoms (REDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: Significant improvements with large effect sizes were found on both ED symptoms and depression. The rates of change were linear for both BN and depression. A strong correlation between reduction of depressive symptoms and ED symptoms was found. Depressive symptom reduction at one session predicted improvement of ED symptoms at the next session. Conclusions: IPT-BNm had an effect on both BN and co-occurring depressive symptoms. The analyses indicated that reduction in depressive symptoms preceded reduction in bulimic symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection constitute a deadly infectious disease synergy disease and major public health problem throughout the world. The risk of developing active TB in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is 21 times higher than the rest of the world population. The overlap of latent TB infection and HIV infection has resulted in marked increases in TB incidence in countries with dual epidemics. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the single most significant way to reduce incident TB in PLHIV, besides early ART initiation, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is the key intervention to prevent TB among PLHIV. This prospective cohort and longitudinal study aimed to document; retention, adherence, development of active TB disease, possible adverse drug reactions and completion among patients initiated on IPT in Jan 2019. Methods: This was both a prospective cohort and longitudinal study nested within a national quality improvement collaborative in which multiple quality improvement teams tested changes in care delivery to improve the delivery of IPT. The prospective cohort were HIV patients without TB disease initiated on a dosage of Isoniazid 300 mg/day for adults and 150 mg/day for children for a period of 6 months. Association statistics were used to describe patient characteristics and outcomes. Variables with p-value < 0.05 were used to determine linear by linear associations between patient characteristics assumed to influence both primary and secondary outcomes. Variables with a p-value < 0.05 were included in the logistical regression model. The final model included those factors that retained statistical significance. The odds ratios (OR) and adjusted OR (AOR) along with its 95% confidence interval were used to determine the power of relationship in determining the outcomes of interest. The model was tested for fitness using goodness-of-fit Hosmer–Lemeshow tests. Results: The completion of IPT was at 89%. A significant proportion of patients adhered to treatment (89%) and kept their appointment schedules-retention (89%). All patients (100%) received IPT at each appointment visit. Only 4% of patients experienced side effects of isoniazid (INH) but none of them developed active TB at the end of the 6 month INH dose. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of covariates of IPT completion revealed a strong and statistical association between IPT completion and age, gender, retention and side effects of INH. Our multivariate model found that children below 15 years were less likely to complete INH than patients ≥ 15 years (AOR = 0.416, p = 0.230, df = 1). Female patients were 2 times more likely to complete INH dose than male patients (AOR = 1.598, p = 0.018). Patients who kept all their appointment schedules were 10 times more likely to complete IPT than those who missed one or more schedules (AOR = 10.726, p = 0.000, df = 1). We also found that patients who did not report any side effects associated with INH were 2 times more likely to complete INH (AOR = 1.958, p = 0.016, df = 1) than patients who reported one or more side effects. Conclusion: Treatment completion is the end-point of the IPT initiation strategy in Uganda. With a completion rate of 89%, our results seem re-assuring and suggest that improvement collaborative is an effective approach to achieving results through combined efforts. The high rates of completion are encouraging indicators of progress in the implementation of collaborative activities in the study setting. However, such collaboratives would require periodic evaluation to prevent possible relapses in progress attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on inductive power transfer (IPT) systems are most times either theoretical or experimental. In this paper, we want to bring theoretical models and experimental data together using the impedance based interface proposed in SAE J2954. This proposal characterizes the IPT system by impedances at both coil terminals. We show how the experimental data was retrieved at the interface and use it to validate an analytical model and a Simulink model described within this study. Such models can support the design and development process and therefore a comparison with reality is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Training district-level health officers and other mid-level health system managers revealed multiple contextual factors across political, administrative, and social axes affecting tuberculosis (TB) and TB control in Uganda. Individual relationships between local health, political, and media leaders affect efforts to inform the public and provide services, yet greater administrative coordination between national-level logistics, implementing partner funding, and local needs is required. Social challenges to TB control include high population mobility, local industries, poverty with high-density living and social venues, and misinformation about TB. Capitalizing on implementation knowledge and sharing data can overcome social geographic challenges to TB-prevention planning through strategic healthcare capacity-building at the district level., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)