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54. THAT'S NOT A BURGLARY! CLASSIC CRIMES AND CURRENT CODES.

Author

Ingram, Andrew T.

Subjects
*BURGLARY laws, *BURGLARY protection, *CRIMINAL law, *COMMON law
Abstract

I will show that the definition of burglary in modern state criminal codes deviates significantly from the ordinary idea of what burglary is and what makes it wrong. These loosely written burglary statutes can work significant injustices and are responsible for counterintuitive real-world prosecutions that would be laughable were the consequences for criminal defendants not so dire. As journalists and defense practitioners have documented, prosecutors in some states have been charging repeat shoplifters with burglary, on the theory that, having been banned for life from a certain chain store for shoplifting in the past, they committed burglary by entering with the rest of the public and shoplifting again years later. Several costs result from poorly drafted statutes that sweep in conduct that looks nothing like what a common person would recognize as burglary. First, people may be charged with burglary for minor conduct that would otherwise be a misdemeanor, producing excessive and disproportionate sentences that violate the internal logic of a criminal code that ranks crimes and indexes punishments to crimes based on that ranking. Second, public expectations are frustrated, and the rule of law damaged, when the law surprisingly classifies crime that looks like one offense, like shoplifting, as an intuitively distinct offense, like burglary. Third, legislators may be equally surprised at how statutes are being applied, indicating how difficult it is to successfully draft a modern statute for a classic malum in se crime. I point to two legislative solutions that are ready at hand. The drafters of the Model Penal Code argued that one of the best reasons to retain burglary was that hundreds of years of common law tradition had habituated the people to believe that burglary was a distinctly serious way of victimizing another person. The statute they included in their finished product does do a much better job than the law on the books in most states of picking out all and only conduct both intuitively recognizable as burglary and serious enough to merit punishment as such. Thus, I recommend that states simply adopt the Model Penal Code's burglary provision. If states do not want to adopt the Model Penal Code's language wholesale, they should at least copy its language specifying that burglary cannot be committed in a place that is open to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

56. Supercritical Water Gasification of Eucalyptus Wood Chips Using NiFe2O4 as a Catalyst

Author

Pereira Borges, Ane Caroline, Onwudili, Jude, Alves, Carine, Ingram, Andrew, Andrade, Heloysa, Torres, Ednildo, Melo, Silvio, Pereira Borges, Ane Caroline, Onwudili, Jude, Alves, Carine, Ingram, Andrew, Andrade, Heloysa, Torres, Ednildo, and Melo, Silvio

Abstract

In this work, the supercritical water gasification of eucalyptus wood chips has been investigated in relation to reaction temperature and presence of catalyst. Experiments were performed in a batch reactor at 450 ºC and 500 ºC with two different feed concentrations. This work wanted to evaluate mainly the gases were formed during the reactions. The gas products were analysed by gas chromatography. According to the results, it was found that eucalyptus wood chips reacted to form mainly H2, CH4 gases with little yield of CO2. Increasing the reaction temperature beyond 500 ºC led to the increasing production of both CH4 (around 31.1 mol%) and H2 (up to 38 mol%) gases and the liquid sample and solid residue have decreased. Generally, this work suggests that the SCWG has improved significantly the production of H2 but more experiments still necessary to verify the effects of other experimental parameters and to characterise the liquid sample and solid residue.

Published
2018

59. Localizing perturbations of the racemic equilibria involving dipicolinate derived lanthanide(III) complexes

Author

Nguyen, Brian T., Ingram, Andrew J., and Muller, Gilles

Subjects
Luminescence, Europium, Coordination Complexes, Circular Dichroism, Organometallic Compounds, Stereoisomerism, Amino Acids, Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Ligands, Picolinic Acids, Lanthanoid Series Elements, Article
Abstract

Helical D3 tris(4-amino-2,6-pyridine-dicarboxylate)terbium(III) and europium(III) complexes, which form a racemic equilibrium in aqueous solution, were prepared to study their secondary coordination sphere interactions with chiral amino acids. These interactions were probed using a combination of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results indicate that, regardless of the interaction between the chiral molecule and the complex, without an accessible hydrogen-bond donor on the associating molecule, perturbation of the racemic equilibrium cannot occur. A generalized conclusion is established that indicates that the mechanism of chiral recognition by tris(dipicolinate)lanthanide(III) complexes is similar across a variety of analogous ligands.

Published
2016

61. Guilt feelings and the intelligibility of moral duties.

Author

Ingram, Andrew Tice

Subjects
*EMOTIONS, *DEONTIC logic, *PHILOSOPHERS, *DUTY, *DEONTOLOGICAL ethics, *ETHICS, *SENTIMENTALISM, *INTELLIGIBILITY of speech
Abstract

G.E.M. Anscombe argued that we should dispense with deontic concepts when doing ethics, if it is psychologically possible to do so. In response, I contend that deontic concepts are constitutive of the common moral experience of guilt. This has two consequences for Anscombe's position. First, seeing that guilt is a deontic emotion, we should recognize that Anscombe's qualification on her thesis applies: psychologically, we need deontology to understand our obligations and hence whether our guilt is warranted. Second, the fact that guilt is a deontic moral emotion debunks Anscombe's claim that deontic concepts are a relic of the Western, religious past: guilt feelings–hence the idea of moral duty as well–can be found in cultures without an ethics of divine command. Modern moral philosophers' interest in oughts and obligations is not an academic hobbyhorse, but a vital concern arising out of a primeval human emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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63. Supercritical Water Gasification of Eucalyptus Wood Chips Using NiFe2O4 as a Catalyst

Author

Ingram Andrew, Tondo Alves Carine, Martins Carvalho Andrade Heloysa, Alexandre Beisl Vieira de Melo Silvio, Caroline Pereira Borges Ane, Andrade Torres Ednildo, and A. Onwuidili Jude

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Chemistry, Batch reactor, Supercritical water gasification, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Eucalyptus, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Residue (chemistry), Reaction temperature, Chemical engineering, Gas chromatography, 0210 nano-technology, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

In this work, the supercritical water gasification of eucalyptus wood chips has been investigated in relation to reaction temperature and presence of catalyst. Experiments were performed in a batch reactor at 450 ºC and 500 ºC with two different feed concentrations. This work wanted to evaluate mainly the gases were formed during the reactions. The gas products were analysed by gas chromatography. According to the results, it was found that eucalyptus wood chips reacted to form mainly H2, CH4 gases with little yield of CO2. Increasing the reaction temperature beyond 500 ºC led to the increasing production of both CH4 (around 31.1 mol%) and H2 (up to 38 mol%) gases and the liquid sample and solid residue have decreased. Generally, this work suggests that the SCWG has improved significantly the production of H2 but more experiments still necessary to verify the effects of other experimental parameters and to characterise the liquid sample and solid residue.

Published
2018
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64. Without creativity, listeners will turn a deaf ear to your radio ads

Author

Ingram, Andrew

Subjects
Advertising agencies -- Services, Radio advertising -- Evaluation, Radio advertising -- Forecasts and trends, Spot advertising -- Forecasts and trends, Business creativity, Market trend/market analysis
Abstract

Avoidance is top of the agenda for advertisers, but while other media are struggling to reach out to new consumers, creative radio still has the power to engage, argues Andrew […]

Published
2005

71. Why radio has local authority

Author

Ingram, Andrew

Subjects
Radio Advertising Bureau
Abstract

FACTFILE The adman's view of radio is that big is beautiful. But new research shows local stations carry just as much weight as the nationals. Contrary to a popular belief […]

Published
1998

76. News Media and Strategic Communications Industry, Industry Study, Spring 2008

Author

NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC, Ahlgrimm, James M., Andrews, Nancy K., Binder, Martin G., Eckardt, John P., Ey, Carl S., Feeley, Annette P., Festa, Lisa M., Guden, Johnatan C., Ingram, Andrew D., LaCoss, Scott D., Lopez, Stephanie, Love, Steven B., McClanahan, Patrick J., Munchmeyer, Katherine A., Rieping, Jr., Heinrich K., Sauerwalt, Robert E., Van Belle, Patricia D., Watkins, Tracey L., NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC, Ahlgrimm, James M., Andrews, Nancy K., Binder, Martin G., Eckardt, John P., Ey, Carl S., Feeley, Annette P., Festa, Lisa M., Guden, Johnatan C., Ingram, Andrew D., LaCoss, Scott D., Lopez, Stephanie, Love, Steven B., McClanahan, Patrick J., Munchmeyer, Katherine A., Rieping, Jr., Heinrich K., Sauerwalt, Robert E., Van Belle, Patricia D., and Watkins, Tracey L.

Abstract

The news media industry and the U.S. national security strategy have been inextricably linked since the founding of the country, when newspaper articles became the medium for widespread public discussion. In the globalized 21st century, the news media industry plays an increasingly important role in questioning, evaluating, informing, influencing and disseminating the stories and events important to American life, the American democracy and America's national security. Faced with competitive pressures, changing consumer preferences, market fragmentation and dwindling profits, the preeminence of America's traditional news media industry is in jeopardy. Emerging business strategies facing the news media industry demand that leaders improve the quality of news coverage to maintain the trust with its customer base. The focus on the quality of the news may determine whether it can remain viable in a competitive market. Regardless of the media platform, the production of objective, credible, and timely news content is a necessary prerequisite to financial viability. News providers must establish their core competencies and expend the resources necessary to provide a quality product. Also key to the news media industry's survival is the acceptance of new, non-traditional players in the field of journalism. Rather than decry the growing band of bloggers and citizen journalists, the industry must continue to find new means to leverage those who uphold journalistic values of objectivity and credibility as news providers. Lastly, our democracy and the freedoms it automatically confers upon its? citizens demands that information produced by the United States government is credible news and not propaganda. By encouraging and facilitating the free flow of information and ideas between the public, the news media industry and the government, we ensure that our national dialogue is as unfettered and vibrant as the Founding Fathers hoped it would be.

Published
2008

82. Structural and Photophysical Properties of Visible- and Near-IR-Emitting Tris Lanthanide(III) Complexes Formed with the Enantiomers of N,N′-Bis(1-phenylethyl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide

Author

Hua, KimNgan T., primary, Xu, Jide, additional, Quiroz, Eliseo E., additional, Lopez, Sabrina, additional, Ingram, Andrew J., additional, Johnson, Victoria Anne, additional, Tisch, Angela R., additional, de Bettencourt-Dias, Ana, additional, Straus, Daniel A., additional, and Muller, Gilles, additional

Published
2011
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87. Functionalised nanoparticles and SERRS for bioanalysis

Author

Graham, Duncan, primary, Thompson, David G., additional, Mckenzie, Fiona, additional, Faulds, Karen, additional, Stevenson, Ross, additional, Ingram, Andrew, additional, Stokes, Robert, additional, McFarlane, Emma, additional, Alexander, James, additional, Garside, Paul, additional, Huber, Axel, additional, and McInnes, Ian, additional

Published
2009
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99. Trinuclear Pd3O2 Intermediate in Aerobic Oxidation Catalysis.

Author

Ingram, Andrew J., Solis-Ibarra, Diego, Zare, Richard N., and Waymouth, Robert M.

Subjects
*OXIDATION-reduction reaction, *TRANSITION metals, *PALLADIUM, *PROPYLENE glycols, *ALCOHOL oxidation
Abstract

The activation of O2 is a key step in selective catalytic aerobic oxidation reactions mediated by transition metals. The bridging trinuclear palladium species, [(LPdII)3(μ3-O)2]2+ (L=2,9-dimethylphenanthroline), was identified during the [LPd(OAc)]2(OTf)2-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of 1,2-propanediol. Independent synthesis, structural characterization, and catalytic studies of the trinuclear compound show that it is a product of oxygen activation by reduced palladium species and is a competent intermediate in the catalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols. The formation and catalytic activity of the trinuclear Pd3O2 species illuminates a multinuclear pathway for aerobic oxidation reactions catalyzed by Pd complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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100. The Theory of Constraints Applied to Project Scheduling: The Critical Chain Concept Defined.

Author

AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF SYSTEMS AND LOGISTICS, Ingram, Andrew D., Scherer, Paul E., AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF SYSTEMS AND LOGISTICS, Ingram, Andrew D., and Scherer, Paul E.

Abstract

This research applies the Theory of Constraints' principles to a project management environment. The Constraint Theory developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt has been successfully applied in many manufacturing settings. Researchers are now beginning to apply Theory of Constraints' principles and techniques outside the manufacturing environment. Specific objectives of this research effort include: to develop and demonstrate a resource constrained project scheduling algorithm based on the Theory of Constraints' principles and techniques: to perform a detailed comparison of the manufacturing and project scheduling environments designed to support algorithm development; and to lay the foundation for additional research in this area by outlining specific issues and questions that remain subsequent to this research effort. The Critical Chain scheduling algorithm defined in this research has been synthesized by the authors. The intent of this thesis is to provide a procedure that parallels the Theory of Constraints' principles and techniques to the degree that it is possible and logical.

Published
1992

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