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54. 南極海季節海氷域における海洋炭酸系の動態

Author

Nomura, Daiki, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro, Kobayashi, Shu-ichi, and Hashida, Gen

Abstract

第4回極域科学シンポジウム個別セッション：[OM] 気水圏11月15日（金） 国立極地研究所 ３階ラウンジ

Published
2013

55. 「みらい」MR12-E03航海における表面海水中CH4とCO2の関係

Author

Sasano, Daisuke, Ishii, Masao, Kosugi, Naohiro, Murata, Akihiko, Uchida, Hiroshi, Kudo, Kushi, Toyoda, Sakae, Yamada, Keita, Yoshida, Naohiro, Mifune, Takahisa, Yamamoto-Kawai, Michiyo, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, Nishino, Shigeto, and Kikuchi, Takashi

Abstract

第4回極域科学シンポジウム横断セッション：[IA] 「急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明」―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2013―11月12日（火） 国立極地研究所 ２階大会議室

Published
2013

57. Proceedings of the 71st General Meeting Sapporo, Japan, May 22–24, 1985

Author

Kinoshita, Eiichi, Sugiura, Mitsuo, Arakawa, Toshiyuki, Yamamoto, Sadahiro, Takeshige, Kotohito, Kitano, Seigo, Inokuchi, Kiyoshi, Takahashi, Yasuyuki, Asanuma, Tateki, Segawa, Kose, Nakazawa, Saburo, Yoshikawa, Kunio, Hosoda, Shiro, Suyama, Tetsuji, Yukawa, Ken-Ichi, Utsunomiya, Kiyoshi, Saito, Shozo, Seki, Hideichi, Kimura, Ken, Kuroki, Tetsuo, Yamamoto, Sukeo, Kanno, Atsushi, Otsuki, Masao, Kato, Yasuhiro, Morioka, Takeshi, Yamada, Gotaro, Nagashima, Hideo, Hamaguchi, Kouichi, Kosaka, Yoshitane, Ueno, Tetsuhiko, Sugaya, Hitoshi, Gibo, Yukio, Kiyosawa, Kendo, Yamauchi, Masayoshi, Fujisawa, Kiyoshi, Setoyama, Hiroshi, Tanikawa, Kyuichi, Ito, Susumu, Tsuji, Yasuhiro, Konishi, Tomomi, Hino, Keisuke, Yoshikawa, Akira, Kojima, Toyoo, Ichida, Fumihiro, Yoshida, Keisuke, Mutoh, Terukazu, Yamazaki, Kiyoshi, Sato, Shunichi, Miura, Kensuke, Ochi, Jiro, Araki, Tsunetoshi, Nakamura, Kyoichi, Yoshino, Junji, Okamura, Shozo, Takemoto, Norishige, Baba, Yasumasa, Hosoi, Tohzoh, Misono, Toshiaki, Nakahara, Shinichi, Nakano, Hiroshi, Kawase, Kyohei, Iishi, Hiroyasu, Tatsuta, Masaharu, Yoshida, Shigeaki, Saito, Daizo, Takeda, Sorou, Kodama, Tadashi, Mai, Masayoshi, Ueda, Hiroshi, Mochizuki, F., Ikeda, T., Inoue, Hisayuki, Hosoda, Shiro, Shimizu, Ichiro, Kishi, Seiichiro, Kitajima, M., Kenmizaki, H., Akamatsu, Taiji, Katsuyama, Tsutomu, Ogoshi, Kyoji, Mitomi, Toshi, Maeda, Mamoru, Kobori, Oichiro, Ito, Nobuyuki, Kohda, Kyuhei, Mori, Haruki, Matsuhashi, Nobuyuki, Kojima, O., Takahashi, T., Tokunaga, Akira, Nishi, Keigo, Suguro, Mamoru, Suzuki, Shigeru, Kato, Kunitaka, Iida, Futoshi, Fujimoto, Jiro, Mori, Takesada, Kurihara, M., Tanaka, N., Izumi, Tsuguhiko, Sasaki, Yozo, Ishihara, Takayuki, Yamada, Sadako, Tamura, Noriaki, Suou, Takeaki, Hirayama, Chisato, Chiba, Mitsuro, Ohta, Hiromasa, Nagasaki, Akio, Masamune, Osamu, Fujlmura, Yoshinori, Kihara, Tsuyoshi, Hodohara, Keiko, Senda, Shigeru, Fujiyama, Yoshihide, Bamba, Tadao, Hosoda, Shiro, Ushijima, Tsutomu, and Ozaki, Yoshikatsu

Published
1986
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59. pCO2 and δ13C in the air and surface sea water in the western North Pacific

Author

Inoue, Hisayuki, Sugimura, Yukio, and Fushimi, Katsuhiko

Abstract

In order to ascertain yearly variability, the pCO2 in the air and surface sea water was measured during the winter season in and over the western North Pacific from 1981 to 1985, and δ13C measurements were taken from 1982. The seasonality was also studied in the area off Japan's coast. The distribution of pC02 in the surface sea water was found to vary with geographical location; it is low in the mid-latitudes and high in the equatorial region. During the El Niño Event in 1982/1983, the horizontal distribution of pCO2 was greatly disturbed, with a relatively low temperature and a high pC02 level in the equatorial region in the western North Pacific. Surface sea water in the temperate zone shows a seasonal variation in pCO2, which is low in winter and high in summer. It was found that pC02 in the air over the ocean decreases with distance from the Japanese islands, and south of 15°N it is nearly constant. Between 1982 and 1985, the δ13C of CO2 in the air south of 15°N decreased at 0.022 ± 0.006‰, yr-1 and the pCO2 increased at 1.11 ± 0.04 ppm yr-1. The secular variation of pCO2 and δ13C in the surface sea water with the CO2 increase in the air, was not ascertainable from observations from 1981 to 1985.DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1987.tb00285.x

Published
2011

63. Decreasing pH trend estimated from 25-yr time series of carbonate parameters in the western North Pacific

Author

Midorikawa, Takashi, Ishii, Masao, Saito, Shu, Sasano, Daisuke, Kosugi, Naohiro, Motoi, Tatsuo, Kamiya, Hitomi, Nakadate, Akira, Nemoto, Kazuhiro, Inoue, Hisayuki Y., Midorikawa, Takashi, Ishii, Masao, Saito, Shu, Sasano, Daisuke, Kosugi, Naohiro, Motoi, Tatsuo, Kamiya, Hitomi, Nakadate, Akira, Nemoto, Kazuhiro, and Inoue, Hisayuki Y.

Abstract

We estimated long-term trends of ocean acidification in surface waters in latitudinal zones from 3°N to 33°N along the repeat hydrographic line at 137°E in the western North Pacific Ocean. Estimates were based on the observational records of oceanic CO2 partial pressure and related surface properties over the last two decades. The computed pH time series both for 25 years in winter (late January to early February) and for 21 years in summer (June to July) exhibited significant decreasing trends in the extensive subtropical to equatorial zones, with interannual variations that were larger in summer. The calculated rates of pH decrease ranged from 0.0015 to 0.0021 yr^[-1] (average, 0.0018 ± 0.0002 yr^[-1]) in winter and from 0.0008 to 0.0019 yr^[-1] (average, 0.0013 ± 0.0005 yr^[-1]) in summer. The thermodynamic effects of rising sea surface temperature (SST) accounted for up to 44% (average, 15%) of the trend of pH decrease in the subtropical region in winter, whereas a trend of decreasing SST slowed the pH decrease in the northern subtropical region (around 25°N) in summer. We used the results from recent trends to evaluate future possible thermodynamic changes in the upper ocean carbonate system.

Published
2010

64. Effects of snow, snowmelting and refreezing processes on air-sea-ice CO2 flux

Author

1000070550739, Nomura, Daiki, 1000060344496, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, 1000080312411, Toyota, Takenobu, 1000050196622, Shirasawa, Kunio, 1000070550739, Nomura, Daiki, 1000060344496, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, 1000080312411, Toyota, Takenobu, 1000050196622, and Shirasawa, Kunio

Abstract

The air-sea-ice CO2 flux was measured in the ice-covered Saroma-ko, a lagoon on the northeastern coast of Hokkaido, Japan, using a chamber technique. The air-sea-ice CO2 flux ranged from -1.8 to +0.5 mg Cm^[-2] h^[-1] (where negative values indicate a sink for atmospheric CO2). The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the brine of sea ice was substantially lower than that of the atmosphere, primarily because of the influence of the under-ice plume from the Saromabetsu river located in the southeastern part of the lagoon. This suggests that the brine had the ability to take up atmospheric CO2 into the sea ice. However, the snow deposited over the sea ice and the superimposed ice that formed from snowmelting and refreezing partially blocked CO2 diffusion, acting as an impermeable medium for CO2 transfer. Our results suggest that the air-sea-ice CO2 flux was dependent not only on the difference in pCO2 between the brine and the overlying air, but also on the status of the ice surface. These results provide the necessary evidence for evaluation of the gas exchange processes in ice-covered seas.

Published
2010

66. The effect of sea-ice growth on air–sea CO2 flux in a tank experiment

Author

Nomura, Daiki, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, Toyota, Takenobu, Nomura, Daiki, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, and Toyota, Takenobu

Abstract

In order to clarify the CO2 exchange between the seawater and the overlying air during the sea-ice formation, we have carried out tank experiments in a low-temperature room. CO2 concentration above the sea-ice began to increase since the beginning of the sea-ice formation, and increased at larger rates with time and the decrease in air temperature. This increase of CO2 concentration in air was mainly caused by the increase in dissolved inorganic carbon concentration in the brine of the upper part of sea-ice, changes in CO2 solubility and dissociation constants of carbonic acid. The CO2 flux increased logarithmically with time, and reached a level of 2 × 10-4 to 5 × 10-4 g-C m-2 hr-1 at 50 mm ice thickness. We found that the CO2 flux was correlated well with the salinity and negatively with the volume of the brine in the upper part of the sea-ice. These suggested the larger role of the difference in partial pressure of CO2 between brine and air as compared to that of competitive change in the brine volume. Present results suggest the necessity to examine the CO2 exchange between the seawater and air in seasonal sea-ice areas.

Published
2006

67. The effect of sea-ice growth on air–sea CO2 flux in a tank experiment

Author

1000070550739, Nomura, Daiki, 1000060344496, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, 1000080312411, Toyota, Takenobu, 1000070550739, Nomura, Daiki, 1000060344496, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, 1000080312411, and Toyota, Takenobu

Abstract

In order to clarify the CO2 exchange between the seawater and the overlying air during the sea-ice formation, we have carried out tank experiments in a low-temperature room. CO2 concentration above the sea-ice began to increase since the beginning of the sea-ice formation, and increased at larger rates with time and the decrease in air temperature. This increase of CO2 concentration in air was mainly caused by the increase in dissolved inorganic carbon concentration in the brine of the upper part of sea-ice, changes in CO2 solubility and dissociation constants of carbonic acid. The CO2 flux increased logarithmically with time, and reached a level of 2 × 10-4 to 5 × 10-4 g-C m-2 hr-1 at 50 mm ice thickness. We found that the CO2 flux was correlated well with the salinity and negatively with the volume of the brine in the upper part of the sea-ice. These suggested the larger role of the difference in partial pressure of CO2 between brine and air as compared to that of competitive change in the brine volume. Present results suggest the necessity to examine the CO2 exchange between the seawater and air in seasonal sea-ice areas.

Published
2006

72. Recent deceleration of oceanic pCO2 increase in the western North Pacific in winter

Author

Midorikawa, Takashi, Ishii, Masao, Kosugi, Naohiro, Sasano, Daisuke, Nakano, Toshiya, Saito, Shu, Sakamoto, Naoaki, Nakano, Hideyuki, and Inoue, Hisayuki Y.

Abstract

Recent changes in oceanic CO2 partial pressure (pCO2^[sea]) have attracted increasing interest as they relate to the increase in atmospheric CO2 and climate change. We report decadal changes in the growth rates of pCO2^[sea] in latitudinal zones from 3°N to 33°N along the repeat hydrographic line at 137°E in the western North Pacific in winter. The growth rates of pCO2^[sea] for 1999-2009 (-0.3 ± 0.9 [mean ± 1σ] to 1.7 ± 0.5 μatm yr^[-1]) were lower than those for 1984-1997 (0.7 ± 0.3 to 2.2 ± 0.6 μatm yr^[-1]) at most latitudes, indicative of the recent notable deceleration of pCO2^[sea] increase. For latitudes around 10-20°N, we attribute the reduction in the growth rate of pCO2^[sea] for 1999-2009 primarily to the reduction in the contribution from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) originating from a reduction in carbon accumulation associated with the expansion of the western Subtropical Gyre towards the south.

Published
2012

75. Corrigendum to “Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global oceans” [Deep Sea Res. II 56 (2009) 554–577]

Author

Takahashi, Taro, primary, Sutherland, Stewart C., additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Chipman, David W., additional, Hales, Burke, additional, Friederich, Gernot, additional, Chavez, Francisco, additional, Sabine, Christopher, additional, Watson, Andrew, additional, Bakker, Dorothee C.E., additional, Schuster, Ute, additional, Metzl, Nicolas, additional, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, additional, Ishii, Masao, additional, Midorikawa, Takashi, additional, Nojiri, Yukihiro, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Steinhoff, Tobias, additional, Hoppema, Mario, additional, Olafsson, Jon, additional, Arnarson, Thorarinn S., additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Johannessen, Truls, additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Bellerby, Richard, additional, Wong, C.S., additional, Delille, Bruno, additional, Bates, N.R., additional, and de Baar, Hein J.W., additional

Published
2009
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77. Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global oceans

Author

Takahashi, Taro, primary, Sutherland, Stewart C., additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Chipman, David W., additional, Hales, Burke, additional, Friederich, Gernot, additional, Chavez, Francisco, additional, Sabine, Christopher, additional, Watson, Andrew, additional, Bakker, Dorothee C.E., additional, Schuster, Ute, additional, Metzl, Nicolas, additional, Yoshikawa-Inoue, Hisayuki, additional, Ishii, Masao, additional, Midorikawa, Takashi, additional, Nojiri, Yukihiro, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Steinhoff, Tobias, additional, Hoppema, Mario, additional, Olafsson, Jon, additional, Arnarson, Thorarinn S., additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Johannessen, Truls, additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Bellerby, Richard, additional, Wong, C.S., additional, Delille, Bruno, additional, Bates, N.R., additional, and de Baar, Hein J.W., additional

Published
2009
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80. The international at-sea intercomparison of ƒCO2 system during the R/V Meteor Cruise 36/1 in the North Atlantic Ocean

Author

Körtzinger, Arne, Mintrop, Ludger, Wallace, Douglas W.R., Johnson, Kenneth M., Neill, Craig, Tilbrook, Bronte, Towler, Philip, Inoue, Hisayuki Y., Ishii, Masao, Shaffer, Gary, Saavedra, Rodrigo F. Torres, Ohtaki, Eiji, Yamashita, Eiji, Poisson, Alain, Brunet, Christian, Schauer, Bernard, Goyet, Catherine, Eischeid, Greg, Körtzinger, Arne, Mintrop, Ludger, Wallace, Douglas W.R., Johnson, Kenneth M., Neill, Craig, Tilbrook, Bronte, Towler, Philip, Inoue, Hisayuki Y., Ishii, Masao, Shaffer, Gary, Saavedra, Rodrigo F. Torres, Ohtaki, Eiji, Yamashita, Eiji, Poisson, Alain, Brunet, Christian, Schauer, Bernard, Goyet, Catherine, and Eischeid, Greg

Published
2000

88. Shipboard measurements of atmospheric and surface seawater pCO2 in the North Pacific carried out from January 1999 to October 2000 on the voluntary observation ship MS Alligator Liberty

Author

Ogawa, Kan, primary, Usui, Toshihiro, additional, Takatani, Sukeyoshi, additional, Kitao, Takashi, additional, Harimoto, Takashi, additional, Katoh, Shinji, additional, Dobashi, Shiro, additional, Midorikawa, Takashi, additional, Yoshikawa Inoue, Hisayuki, additional, and Dokiya, Yukiko, additional

Published
2006
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95. Foreword

Author

Tans, Pieter, primary, Nakazawa, Takakiyo, additional, and Inoue, Hisayuki Yoshikawa, additional

Published
2003
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96. Persistently strong oceanic CO2 sink in the western subtropical North Pacific

Author

Midorikawa, Takashi, Nemoto, Kazuhiro, Kamiya, Hitomi, Ishii, Masao, and Y. Inoue, Hisayuki

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, waters, carbon, surface, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, partial-pressure
Abstract

An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright (2005) American Geophysical Union., The long-term trend of the partial pressure of CO2 in surface seawater (pCO2sea) in late-January to early-February during the past two decades was examined in the western North Pacific along the repeat line at 137°E from 3°N to 34°N. The growth rate of pCO2 sea at each 1º in latitude ranged from +1.3 ± 0.2 to +2.1 ± 0.3 μatm yr-1, and the average was +1.7 ± 0.2 μatm yr-1. The growth of pCO2 sea is attributable mainly to the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 in surface water and, to a small extent, to the regional changes in sea surface temperature (SST). The net air-to-sea CO2 flux in January–February that accounts for 40 to 60% of the annual flux remained at a similar level in the subtropical regions (7ºN to 34ºN). In the equatorial region (3ºN to 6ºN), however, a slight increase in the CO2 efflux was seen.

Published
2005

97. Chapter 1: Long-Term Trend of the Partial Pressure of CO2 in Surface Waters and Sea-Air CO2 Flux in the Equatorial Pacific.

Author

Inoue, Hisayuki Y., Feely, Richard A., Ishii, Masao, Kawano, Takeshi, Murata, Akihiko, and Wanninkhof, Rik

Abstract

Measurements of partial pressure of CO2 in surface waters (pCO2sw) and overlying air (pCO2air) were made intermittently in the central and western equatorial Pacific from January 1987 to January 2003. We estimated the long-term trend of the pCO2sw in the high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) region and the western Pacific warm pool. The spatial distribution of pCO2sw in the HNLC region could be expressed as a linear function of sea surface temperature (SST) and concentration of macronutrients ([NO2-]+[NO3-]), and in the western Pacific warm pool as a function of SST and sea surface salinity (SSS). By using an average SST (27.4 °C) and concentration of nitrate and nitrite (3.9 μmol/kg) in the HNLC region and the average SST (29.6 1C) and SSS (34.29) in the western Pacific warm pool between 1987 and 2003, we obtained pCO2sw values for respective cruises. The growth rate of pCO2sw due to increases in atmospheric CO2 was calculated to be 1.4±0.5 μatm/yr in the HNLC region and 1.3±0.3 μatm/yr in the western Pacific warm pool. The sea—air CO2 flux in the equatorial Pacific since 1998 was evaluated by using underway pCO2sw data measured by Japan Meteorological Agency, Meteorological Research Institute (JMA/MRI), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (NOAA/PMEL), and NOAA, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (NOAA/AOML). From 1998 to 2003 the sea—air CO2 flux in the equatorial Pacific (5°N-10°S, 140°E-90°W) showed lowest flux in January/February 1998 (0.1±0.1 Pg C/yr, 1997/98 El Niño), and highest (0.9±0.4 Pg C/yr) in January/February 2001, suggesting significant interannual variations in sea—air CO2 flux in the equatorial Pacific. In October 2002—January 2003, which was within a weak El Niño period, the CO2 flux in the equatorial Pacific was 0.5±0.3 Pg C/yr, almost same as that of the non-El Niño period. In this period, sea—air CO2 flux in the central and western equatorial Pacific decreased considerably to the same level of January/February 1998, but that in the eastern equatorial Pacific remained fairly constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006

100. Seasonal and interannual variability of CO2 in the equatorial Pacific

Author

Feely, Richard A, primary, Boutin, Jacqueline, additional, Cosca, Catherine E, additional, Dandonneau, Yves, additional, Etcheto, Jacqueline, additional, Inoue, Hisayuki Y, additional, Ishii, Masao, additional, Quéré, Corinne Le, additional, Mackey, Denis J, additional, McPhaden, Michael, additional, Metzl, Nicolas, additional, Poisson, Alain, additional, and Wanninkhof, Rik, additional

Published
2002
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