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The main focus of this article is to analyze how physical spaces and landscape are employed to reflect and represent alienation and isolation of individuals in Ulysses and to specify how alienation is textually encoded in the form of the novel through the places and spaces which mostly are liminal. The protagonists of Ulysses are reflecting a deep sense of spatial alienation in their own descriptions of physical spaces. It is noticeable that in this novel the idea of alienation is encoded in all of Dublin’s places and spaces, and this use of places as markers of, or embodiments of alienation, shapes the form of the novel as alienating, too: the form of Ulysses has been shown to be molded around the unhomed wanderings of Stephen and Bloom around Dublin. Joyce’s representation of alienation is multiplex and more predominantly a social alienation, where, although there is an active social life in Dublin, the individuals lead alienated lives within an isolated city in a marginalized and colonized island. These people’s psychological alienation comes along with their historical, political, cultural, and physical isolation and exilic states. Thus, it is possible to claim that Joyce projects his sense of alienation and all the Dubliners' sense of estrangement in Stephen’s and Bloom's dislocation and loneliness in their hometown.

Disaster can lead to stressful crises and life stress among individuals. One of the most vulnerable age groups to post-traumatic stress are older adults. As such, this study explored older Filipino adults’ living experiences pertaining to disaster during Typhoon Haiyan, highlighting the problems they encounter after the disaster and identifying factors that contribute to their disaster resilience. The researchers used a thematic analysis in the study among 11 older adults as participants. Three main themes were unveiled upon the analysis of the data: 1) feelings of powerlessness and selflessness within the self; 2) Individuals with positive and negative outlook, over time, slowly influence a positive outcome; and 3) accepting responsibility for one’s personal decisions and actions. Older adults’ immediate reaction after a disaster is the feeling of powerlessness. However, whether they have positive or negative outlooks about life, over time, these perspectives slowly influence a positive outcome, which leads to these older adults take hold on their responsibility as part of their personal decisions and actions to move forward. Gerontologists may suggest that older adults consider social support activities if they are receptive to them and may benefit from such activities, which can provide social contact, reduce alienation and isolation, and increase a sense of belonging, and life meaning.

The Cotard Syndrome, also known as delirium of negation or nihilistic delirium, was described by the French neurologist, Julius Cotard, on June 1880. From that time until the end of the 20th century, in scientific literature, approximately 100 cases were reported that presented symptoms of depression, anxiety, nihilist delusions concerning the body and existence, hypochondriacal and immortality delusions, as well as auditory and visual hallucinations. We present the case of a female patient, 73-years old, from Ayacucho, with a history of sexual assault at the age of 12 and suicidal attempts on 2 occasions, diagnosed with depression at 40 years of age, received treatment with quetiapine, trazadone and clonazepam. She remained with fluctuating medical progress, with symptoms worsening with stressors such as the death of her mother and husband and when she underwent surgeries. Currently, she presents sad and anxious mood, daily crying, ideas of guilt, disability and death, insomnia of conciliation, nihilistic delusive ideas concerning the body, referring that her stomach and bladder do not work, reason why she doesn’t want to eat or drink water. Due to the total refusal of food intake and persistent suicidal ideation, she was hospitalized to receive psychiatric treatment and nutritional support. It is concluded that there are few cases reported on the use of psychotherapy in Cotard's syndrome. Therefore, this case in which psychotherapy was indicated to reduce anxious-affective symptoms, to avoid isolation of the person and to redirect his personal and social life, is important. El Síndrome de Cotard también conocido como delirio de negación o nihilista, fue descrito por el neurólogo francés Julius Cotard en junio de 1880. Desde esa época hasta fines del siglo XX se ha reportado en la literatura científica aproximadamente 100 casos. Que presentaban sintomatología depresiva, ansiosa, delusiones nihilistas concernientes al cuerpo y a la existencia, delusiones hipocondriacas y de inmortalidad, así como alucinaciones auditivas y visuales. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 73 años, natural de Ayacucho, con antecedentes de agresión sexual a los 12 años, y episodios de intento de suicidio en dos oportunidades, siendo diagnosticada de depresión a los 40 años, recibió tratamiento con quetiapina, trazadona y clonazepam. Se mantuvo con evolución fluctuante, empeoraron sus síntomas con factores estresantes como el fallecimiento de su mamá, esposo y cirugías a las que fue sometida. Actualmente presenta ánimo triste y ansioso, llanto diario, ideas de culpa, minusvalía y tanáticas, insomnio de conciliación, delusiones nihilistas concernientes al cuerpo, refiriendo que su estómago y vejiga no funciona, por tal motivo no desea comer ni ingerir agua. Debido al rechazo total a ingesta de alimentos e ideación suicida persistente fue hospitalizada para recibir tratamiento psiquiátrico y soporte nutricional. Se concluye que, existen pocos casos reportados sobre el uso de la psicoterapia en el síndrome de Cotard. Por lo tanto, el presente caso en el que se indicó la psicoterapia para reducir síntomas ansioso – afectivos, para evitar el aislamiento de la persona y para reconducir su vida personal y social, es de importancia.

The recent horrors of the COVID-19 pandemic have renewed interest in Gothic fiction in general and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein in particular. The image of Frankenstein has become associated with the COVID-19 discourses (e.g. literary, journalistic, medical, and social media) as reflected in the representation of the horrors of isolation and contagion. The influence of the novel is clearly reflected in literary, medical, scientific, and everyday discourses today. Despite the prolific literature on the representation of Gothic elements and motifs, reflections on Gothic motifs in the reproduction of COVID-19 discourse have not yet been elaborated. In light of this, the paper seeks to explore the manipulation and reproduction of Shelley’s Frankenstein in the COVID-19 journalistic discourse. A corpus of 542 editorials and opinion commentaries from 83 newspapers was built. The corpus included only editorials and opinions written in English. Corpus-based critical discourse analysis was used. The results indicate that the Gothic motifs of Frankenstein are manipulated and reproduced in the journalistic discourse of COVID-19 to depict the chaos and destruction caused by the enormously powerful and catastrophic virus/monster that has come to rule the world. The COVID-19 journalistic discourse based on the fictional image of Frankenstein represents a distinct discourse genre that manipulates Gothic motifs in the thematic representations of the horrors associated with the pandemic itself on the one hand, and the social, economic and political problems and crises that have shaken the stability of the entire world on the other. It can be concluded that this representation has been developed and generated from the interaction between the writers and the text of Frankenstein.

Este artículo aborda el estudio de las secuelas y daños que se generan en personas adultas mayores ocasionados por el abandono y falta de convivencia con sus familiares, particularmente el caso de aquellos que se encuentran ingresados en casas de retiro o también llamados asilos. El deterioro emocional y psicológico que padecen por la frágil o nula relación con familiares desencadena una serie de eventos negativos tales como falta de apetito, depresión, aislamiento, negatividad a realizar actividades grupales o las inherentes a su óptima motricidad. Esta serie de eventos, los lleva a presentar patologías que terminan por acabar con su vida a corto plazo. Empero, los eventos negativos antes aludidos, pueden ser anulados a través de la implementación de los círculos restaurativos, en los que las personas adultas mayores cuenten con la oportunidad de expresar sus sentimientos y emociones de manera libre, espontánea y respetuosa, que les propicie una mejor comunicación y relación con familiares. Afianzando con esto, el reforzamiento de los lazos afectivos, el mejoramiento emocional y de salud del adulto mayor.

Self-harm is a serious and increasing public health concern. Self-harm is significantly associated with alexithymia, a trait characterised by a difficulty identifying and describing feelings. Alexithymia has been found to be a barrier to psychological treatment. This article explores the experiences of self-harm among eight young adults who reported difficulties identifying and describing their feelings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, with the optional use of photographs as visual stimuli for discussion. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Two themes are presented here: The Obscure Self describes participants’ struggle to grasp a coherent sense of self, and how self-harm provided a means of physically reconnecting with their bodies. Words Fail Me describes participants’ difficulties communicating their subjective experience, which increased feelings of isolation and recourse to self-harm. There were also tentative indications that participants were able to recognise their emotional experience when expressed by others. The lack of interpersonal connection, arising from difficulties understanding feelings and communicating them to others, may create or exacerbate the context for self-harm. The findings have relevance for the treatment of self-harm, given the high, but often unacknowledged, prevalence of alexithymia in clinical populations.

The article substantiates the feasibility of virtual museums introducing into the process of studying tourism disciplines. The main advantages of implementing virtual museums such as accessibility (in particular for people with disabilities, low-income and imposed isolation), interactivity, informativeness, time limitless, safety, reliability and modernity have been identified. The use of virtual museums in different forms of pedagogical activity is described: work in and out of the class, advanced training and diagnostic tools. The results of a student survey, which confirmed the expediency of virtual excursions using in the educational process (it is interesting for students, increases the level of mastering professionally oriented knowledge and skills, contributes to the development of a sustainable in-depth interest in communicating with museum objects, the development of creative abilities, the formation of media competence) are presented. It is shown that virtual museums provide an opportunity to fill the learning process with new interesting content through the use of modern Internet technologies.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) thrives in isolation. Recovery requires healthy and supportive relationships in order to heal and grow. Many individuals in alcohol recovery find it challenging to establ...

Informal caregiving for a person living with glioma can be both rewarding and multidimensionally challenging, given the potential for debilitating symptoms, cognitive impairment or personality changes, as early as diagnosis. There is growing evidence that, due to the demands of care, experiences and feelings of loneliness and isolation among informal caregivers are widespread, and opportunities for quality or meaningful social connectedness are lacking. While considerable research has quantified the causes and effects of loneliness and isolation in informal care contexts, the lived experience of loneliness has received relatively little attention. The aim of this study was to better understand the everyday experiences of a group of home-based informal caregivers of people living with glioma in Queensland, Australia. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 32 informal caregivers, purposively sampled, and recruited through a tertiary hospital, in this paper, we explore how the various experiences, demands, and social and relational dynamics in/of informal care (re)produce forms of isolation and loneliness. Using the framework approach to thematic analysis, we derived four themes: (a) the 'need' to be near the care recipient, and the implications for caregiver mobility; (b) the strong sense of responsibility for care, and the virtues of 'good' caring; (c) experiences of loneliness in the company of others and (d) postponement of social connection and minimising the self. The findings, we argue, are reflective of broader social and moral norms and expectations within experiences of home-based informal care.

The article is based on a 1991-92 research, published in Sole senza Sole (1998). In his book Colangelo retraced the journey and life of 110 Italian women, residing in Toronto. He followed the stages of their lives, successes and difficulties, including those arising from their retirement onwards. For these women the greatest difficulties began just when they could relax with their husbands and enjoy the well deserved retirement. After the death of their spouses these women often lived alone; they did not know how to drive; their children were adults and independent; they did not interact much with their neighbours: they lived in a neighborhood far from shops, supermarkets, churches, etc. This situation created an existential void, isolation and solitude, aggravated by long, unnerving climatic conditions and a silence that it is not golden nor a “blessed solitude!” In this article, Colangelo reflects on the dynamics of the cultural transition of the emigrant-immigrant, who encompasses two different experiences: first as one who leaves his country, and second as one who enters the country in which he or she has decided to settle.

O artigo em tela apresenta reflexões sobre um processo de tutoria desenvolvido em uma das disciplinas ofertadas pela Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto aos cursos de graduação em Educação Física no primeiro semestre de 2020. Em função da conjuntura pandêmica imposta pelo novo Corona Vírus, o plano de trabalho original teve que ser revisto, o que não impediu a manutenção das atividades de tutoria. Nesse contexto, foram desenvolvidas três iniciativas de trabalho remoto junto aos tutorados, que se engajaram na empreitada, mas, com o passar do tempo, reduziram sua presença nos encontros. Por esse motivo, foi aplicado um questionário para elucidação dos fatores causadores do cenário vivenciado. Percebemos que todos os envolvidos tiveram suas rotinas afetadas pelas determinações de isolamento, promovendo impactos psicossociais que, pouco a pouco, manifestaram-se pela queda de interesse nas atividades propostas. Sobre estas, verificamos que o “Oriconline” e as reuniões do Laboratório Lazer, Gestão e Política (LAGEP) sobressaíram como espaços formativos com melhores índices de motivação discente no curso da pandemia.

The evolution of social/physical distancing narratives throughout the COVID19 pandemic has left the concept itself ambiguous and vague while cutting through the borderlines between private and public. In the case of Serbia, economy-driven policies have shifted the focus from isolation, solitude and remote work during the first and the only lockdown towards the idea of physical distance in public spaces and work environments. This paper aims to analyse how social distancing narratives in Serbia were construed over time through governmental policies as well as companies’ regulations, and how they redefined the concept of privacy during the pandemic.KEYWORDS: Covid-19, private/public, social distancing, physical distancing, privacy

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a respeito dos afetos na sociedade contemporânea, em especial a solidão, entendida como sintoma social. Foi desenvolvido por meio da metodologia de escrita ensaio crítico, que não segue a lógica formal estabelecida por um método tradicional, mas se dá pela busca de reflexões profundas, por meio da articulação de pensamentos de diversos autores. Discute a respeito dos afetos e da solidão, no contexto de suas manifestações sociais, do consumismo, individualismo, vida virtual e da solidão positiva. Através dessa reflexão, compreende-se que o fenômeno da solidão se constitui por meio de diversas transformações sociais, e que não necessariamente deve ser sinônimo de adoecimento ou isolamento, mas, está presente em situações de transformações e estruturação do desenvolvimento humano, auxiliando no processo de socialização e promovendo espaço para o aprendizado.

O presente ensaio aborda a pandemia do SARS-Cov-2, causador da Covid-19, e o pensamento contraditório em relação as medidas de isolamento social adotadas pelos governos estaduais no Brasil à luz da filosofia de Emmanuel Levinas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho objetiva trazer outra mirada sobre essa crise, destacando a ética da alteridade como filosofia primeira para o enfrentamento da crise sanitária. No episódio analisado observou-se que a busca por interesses próprios não considera os do outro, não atentando para cuidados relacionados à sua integridade física e mental. O argumento econômico aparece como elemento central para a quebra do isolamento horizontal sobrepondo-se às vidas. A normalização das mortes como resultado da análise de riscos que não considera a condição humana, produzindo a falsa impressão de que a verticalidade do isolamento seria suficiente para a gestão da crise. Nesse sentido, enfatizamos a necessidade de uma percepção de mundo a partir da ética da alteridade que evidencia e enfatiza a responsabilidade do mesmo com o outro e, principalmente, a necessária preservação da vida como prioridade, acima de quaisquer interesses possíveis.

n this article we elaborate on the connection between organizational isolation and misbehaviour. Drawing on 47 interviews with elite chefs we make a twofold contribution to the misbehaviour literature. First, we conceptualize misbehaviour amongst chefs as a potentiality engrained into the geography of the kitchens they work in. Drawing on Smith (1987), we call this a geography of deviance. Through this concept we show that misbehaviour can be inscribed into a place, through structures that create feelings of invisibility, alienation and detachment. Second, we make sense of chefs’ misbehaviour by using Turner’s theory of normative communitas. Via this framing misbehaviour is cast as a ritualized component of an anti-structural way of being, where the kitchen is simultaneously apprehended as an instrument of social withdrawal and a symbol of deviance around which the community pivots. Through these contributions we help to crystalise the relationship between organizational isolation and misbehaviour, particularly in the context of chefs and kitchens.

This paper demonstrates that, when interpretation is at stake, it is only degree of defaultness that matters. Neither degree of Negation, nor degree of Affirmation, nor equal degree of Novelty, nor equal degree of Literalness/Nonliteralness, nor equal strength of Contextual support, whether linguistic or pictorial (see Heruti et al. 2019), makes a difference. Instead, it is only degree of defaultness that counts. Indeed, having established degree of defaultness of negatives and affirmatives (Experiment 1.1) and their processing cost when in isolation (Experiment 1.2), we further attested to the speed superiority of default negative interpretations, which seemed more pronounced in the Left Hemisphere rather than in the Right Hemisphere (Experiment 1.2; see Giora, Cholev et al. 2018).We then further attested to the speed superiority of these negatives, when embedded in equally strong supportive contexts. Here, we also show that default Negative Sarcasm is processed significantly faster than nondefault Affirmative Sarcasm (Experiment 2). And when embedded in equally strong sarcastically biasing contexts, both hemispheres reflect the superiority of default Negative Sarcasm over nondefault Affirmative Sarcasm (Experiments 2.1–2.2). However, given Affirmative Sarcasm’s nondefaultness, it is only nondefault Affirmative Sarcasmthat is expected and shown to rely on cueing for its derivation (Corpus-based Studies 1–2, Section 3). Still, when hedonic effects are considered (see Section 4), it is only utterances’ nondefault interpretations, whether in linguistic (Experiment 3) or pictorial contexts (Experiment 4), that are entertaining, given that they make up Optimal Innovations, while involving default interpretations in the process (see Giora et al. 2004, 2017). It is degree of defaultness, then, that affects both (i) processing speed (whether in or out of context), (ii) reliance on cueing, and (iii) hedonic effects. Finally, in Section 5, our results and conclusions are summarized.

The article is devoted to the analysis of cognitive conceptual features of the recurrent concept of "quarantine". The study identified related concepts in modern genres of Internet folklore: mask, self-isolation, ginger, coronavirus, and also identified 24 frames that were included in the associative field of the concept under study: parody of movies, anecdotes, stable expressions; ads, advertising; home schooling; being at home; forum questions, tips; alcohol; persistent phrases, euphemisms, aphorisms; retrospective parody of the realities of the Soviet past; jokes, memes; fear of death; getting rich in trouble; planning holidays; underground work; dating; the omnipotence of politicians; going to the store; slogans; tourism; linguistic jokes; clothing; signs; new social and economic realities; sports. The research material represents the following features of the conceptualization of the concept of ‘quarantine’: 1) inefficiency of self-development and goal-setting in conditions of prolonged isolation; 2) excess of time; 3) increased food consumption; 4) abstinence from infidelity in marriage; 5) pumping up negative information by the media; 6) adaptation to new conditions and possible extrapolation of them to a future life outside of quarantine; 7) fear of death.

In this study, the structural transformation of the Kisas’s Zhakir (Alawi religious minstrel) – Ashik (minstrel) tradition in context of secularization and cultural economy is analyzed. As a cause and consequence of the cultural economy, the performance of folk songs has gained great importance in cities after the 1960s in Turkey. In addition, if the transformation of the Ashik tradition is added, this has had a great impact on the representation (although not directly in their nature) of the instrumental and vocal performances, which are one of the cornerstones of Alawi-Bektashi culture and tradition. The Bektashis, who have only one town population in Urfa, have adapted to the existing isolation, although there is no social and cultural interdiction. Even if they are “profan” and “heterodox” in a sense, they have built “outwardly open” and “extroverted” cultural rituals because of the increasing rural migration after the 1970s and the social and cultural transformation experienced by Turkey. If it is avaluated through the example of Kisas (and in a sense Akpinar), this construction activity has been served not only by their own hands but also with cultural research activities. In this sense, it is claimed that the opportunities of secularization and cultural economy are instrumentalized. As a form of worldly, secularization is substituted as a model of universalization; it will be stated that this is conceived and designed as a transition from Zhakir to Ashik. On the other hand, in terms of literary quality, it will be revealed that Kisas has other characteristics, unlike the dominant characteristics of the folk songs in Urfa region, that Kisas has the tradition and/or features of Ashik style literary, but that it later ascribes the Ashik style culture and tradition to itself later. It will be stated that this is a inevitable option in the transition from Zhakir to Ashik.Keywords: Zhakir, Ashik, Secularism, Cultural Economy, Religious Character, Artisan Personality.

Introduction The rationale for this study was to ascertain the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on Undergraduate B.Sc (Hons) Diagnostic Radiography students at the University of Hertfordshire in the UK. This would provide an ideal opportunity for students to reflect on their experience and indicate if they required additional support from the University. Methods An online anonymous cross‐sectional survey was deployed to all year groups (n = 283) during the first nationwide lockdown in May 2020, eliciting qualitative responses on questions about the effect of the pandemic; emotions experienced; support required and consideration of their choice of a career in the health sector. Results Two hundred and one students responded to the survey, with many having experienced the illness or loss of a loved one. Trying to balance family commitments and study was a concern to some students, as well as struggling with the financial burden of job losses or furlough. Many students commented that educational support was a requirement with the move to online teaching and assessment. The main focus of student responses was the emotions that they had experienced, many of which were negative. Anxiety and fear were commonly expressed feelings, along with sadness and feelings of isolation. A small number of students reported feeling grateful, happy and relieved. An overwhelming majority of respondents commented that they were proud to be healthcare students and they were resolute in wanting to continue the course and join the frontline of the NHS workforce. Conclusion Some students have been deeply affected by their experiences of the pandemic, and University support mechanisms should be refined to better assist with their ongoing challenges., United Kingdom‐based students surveyed regarding their emotions during the first phase of the Covid‐19 pandemic. Particular note was made of their intended career in healthcare and if their decisions had altered.

Family can be an essential resource at times of loss or vital crisis. Loneliness and isolation in older adults might have serious negative consequences for their mental health. For this reason, this research aims to analyze the role of family function in the anxiety and depression experienced by older adults during the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Participants were 882 Spanish community-dwelling adults over 60 years of age. Sociodemographic characteristics, characteristics related to the coronavirus, self-perceived health, family function, avoidance, depression, and anxiety were analyzed. Data suggest a buffering effect of family function on anxiety and depression during the pandemic. Furthermore, being unmarried or a female, greater fear of COVID-19, worse self-perceived health, greater avoidance, and worse family function were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Likewise, greater fear of COVID-19, poorer self-perceived health, greater avoidance, and poorer family function, were associated with greater depression. These results point out that family dysfunction is a predisposing factor for the development of the emotional problems of anxiety and depression in older people in potentially stressful and loss situations.

In the context of a global emergency and suspension of face-to-face activities in educational institutions, the objective of the study is to analyze changes in teaching practices at different times of isolation and social distancing due to COVID-19. A qualitative phenomenological study was carried out in order to understand meanings and meanings about educational practices. The study was carried out between August and September 2020, continuing a previous investigation that was carried out in the first moments of social isolation. Thirty teachers residing in the Department of Río Cuarto (Argentina) participated in the present study. All the people participating in the study are women. The sampling was intentional and by opportunity. For data collection, it will be used in questionnaires with open-choice questions and semi-structured interviews. Triangulation and communicative validation processes were carried out. From the qualitative analysis with ATLAS.ti (segmentation, construction of citations, coding, creation of memos, categorization and theorization), five general categories were constructed to systematize the data: Trencadís educational in quarantine; Deep gaps and inequalities; Teaching overload and collaborative work Specificities of the proposals according to educational levels and Unexpected learning. The results indicate that teachers have created various educational proposals, using different mediations and generating changes in practices. The participants perceive overload in their activities and educational inequalities. The analyzes also show specificities according to levels and unexpected learning in teachers and students. From the theories of creativity, it is observed that many of the related pedagogical proposals include components that have been defined as creative teaching and learning contexts. Thinking about augmented and multimodal education, which integrates different communicative practices, is interesting to move into the new normalities. The particularities of creative contexts may be relevant to discuss future multimodal educational environments. Likewise, it is considered essential to revalue the educational experiences built in a pandemic and to recognize the value of the work done by teachers, students and families. En el contexto de emergencia mundial y suspensión de actividades presenciales en las instituciones educativas, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los cambios en las prácticas docentes en diferentes momentos del aislamiento y distanciamiento social por COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico con el objetivo de comprender sentidos y significados sobre prácticas educativas. El estudio se desarrolló entre agosto y septiembre de 2020 dando continuidad a una investigación anterior que se realizó en los primeros momentos del aislamiento social. Participaron del presente estudio 30 docentes que residen en el Departamento de Río Cuarto (Argentina). Todas las personas participantes del estudio son mujeres. El muestreo fue intencional y por oportunidad. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron cuestionarios con preguntas de opción abierta y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se realizaron procesos de triangulación y validación comunicativa. A partir del análisis cualitativo con ATLAS.ti (segmentación, construcción de citas, codificación, creación de memos, categorización y teorización), se construyeron cinco categorías generales para sistematizar los datos: Trencadís educativo en cuarentena; Brechas y desigualdades profundas; Sobrecarga docente y trabajo colaborativo Especificidades de las propuestas según niveles educativos y Aprendizajes inesperados. Los resultados indican que el profesorado ha creado diversas propuestas educativas utilizando diferentes mediaciones y generando cambios en las prácticas. Las participantes perciben sobrecarga en sus actividades y desigualdades educativas. Los análisis también muestran especificidades según niveles y aprendizajes inesperados en docentes y estudiantes. Desde las teorías de la creatividad, se observa que muchas de las propuestas pedagógicas relatadas incluyen componentes que han sido definidos como contextos creativos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Pensar en educación aumentada y multimodal, que integre diferentes prácticas comunicativas, es interesante para transitar en las nuevas normalidades. Las particularidades de los contextos creativos pueden ser de relevancia para discutir futuros entornos multimodales de educación. Asimismo, se considera indispensable revalorizar las experiencias educativas construidas en pandemia y reconocer el valor del trabajo realizado por el profesorado, el alumnado y las familias. En el contexto de emergencia mundial y suspensión de actividades presenciales en las instituciones educativas, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los cambios en las prácticas docentes en diferentes momentos del aislamiento y distanciamiento social por COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico con el objetivo de comprender sentidos y significados sobre prácticas educativas. El estudio se desarrolló entre agosto y septiembre de 2020 dando continuidad a una investigación anterior que se realizó en los primeros momentos del aislamiento social. Participaron del presente estudio 30 docentes que residen en el Departamento de Río Cuarto (Argentina). Todas las personas participantes del estudio son mujeres. El muestreo fue intencional y por oportunidad. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron cuestionarios con preguntas de opción abierta y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se realizaron procesos de triangulación y validación comunicativa. A partir del análisis cualitativo con ATLAS.ti (segmentación, construcción de citas, codificación, creación de memos, categorización y teorización), se construyeron cinco categorías generales para sistematizar los datos: Trencadís educativo en cuarentena; Brechas y desigualdades profundas; Sobrecarga docente y trabajo colaborativo Especificidades de las propuestas según niveles educativos y Aprendizajes inesperados. Los resultados indican que el profesorado ha creado diversas propuestas educativas utilizando diferentes mediaciones y generando cambios en las prácticas. Las participantes perciben sobrecarga en sus actividades y desigualdades educativas. Los análisis también muestran especificidades según niveles y aprendizajes inesperados en docentes y estudiantes. Desde las teorías de la creatividad, se observa que muchas de las propuestas pedagógicas relatadas incluyen componentes que han sido definidos como contextos creativos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Pensar en educación aumentada y multimodal, que integre diferentes prácticas comunicativas, es interesante para transitar en las nuevas normalidades. Las particularidades de los contextos creativos pueden ser de relevancia para discutir futuros entornos multimodales de educación. Asimismo, se considera indispensable revalorizar las experiencias educativas construidas en pandemia y reconocer el valor del trabajo realizado por el profesorado, el alumnado y las familias.

Preschool children have the capacity to engage in scientific practices and inquiry and develop understanding at a conceptual level. While engaging in inquiry with preschool students, teachers transition from being transmitters of knowledge to facilitators in the educational process as students take on an active role in this learner-centered approach. Although studies have explored how preschool students can engage in inquiry-based science, there is a dearth of research on what teachers need to do to ensure their students are engaging in meaningful, inquiry-based science. Considering the nature of preschool students’ play—curious exploration throughout the day—this study sought to review the literature on preschool scientific inquiry and report on significant themes. The purpose of this paper is to develop a research-based framework for inquiry-based science exploration in preschool settings that cuts across specific interventions, science concepts, or activities to provide teachers with strategies to build and sustain a culture of inquiry that permeates all aspects of their preschool program. To create this framework, 15 studies were analyzed, and five major themes were uncovered regarding how teachers engaged students in inquiry. With students’ curiosity, wonderings, and interests as an essential starting point, the framework outlines these five themes as teacher strategies to support scientific inquiry in preschool. These strategies, rather than implemented in isolation, blend together to assist teachers in transforming play and teacher-initiated or child-initiated activities into rigorous learning and support the creation of a culture of inquiry that is part of their classroom environment.

Developmental research suggests that parent emotion socialization plays a critical role in children’s development of emotion-related skills and their risk for psychopathology. Adaptive emotion socialization practices can shape children’s capacities to understand and regulate their own emotions, and when maladaptive, these practices can confer risk for both internalizing and externalizing problems, suggesting transdiagnsotic significance. Yet, emerging work suggests that the effects of parent emotion socialization are not universal and may differ based on children’s unique vulnerabilities, highlighting the need to examine both parent and child factors within transactional models. Given the developmental shifts in emotion regulation capacities and autonomy across development, there is a great need for longitudinal emotion socialization research, as well as work that accounts for alternative interpretations, in this domain. Additionally, to-date much of the work in this regard has utilized parental report in isolation, making the need for cutting-edge, multi-method approaches highly salient. Further, translating scientific research into parent emotion socialization interventions is still in its infancy, with the majority of available treatments focusing on young children. As such, contributors to this special issue help address these gaps in the literature and examine the implications of a range of parent emotion socialization behaviors in the context of both adaptive and maladaptive child and adolescent emotional development. In this introduction, we highlight major themes of the special issue; further discussion and future directions are offered in the commentary accompanying this special issue.

From March to May 2020 in the UK, measures that became known across the world as ‘lockdown’ curtailed personal freedoms in order to curb the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus. While initial criticisms of lockdown focused on the adverse impacts of social isolation on wellbeing, this research article explores how lockdown creates new and altered proximities and intimacies as well as distances. During the initial UK lockdown, the ‘household’ and ‘home’ were deployed in public rhetoric as default spaces of care and security in the face of widespread isolation and uncertainty. However, emergent proximities created by bringing people together in the assumed safety of home also deepened existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. Using anthropological theory, third sector evidence, and ethnographic interview data we explore this process. We argue that understanding proximity and intimacy as fundamentally ambivalent, not normatively affirming, is central to recognising how pandemic responses such as lockdown reinforce and reproduce existing forms of inequality and violence.

Society groups vary, but everyone has equal rights and duties if they have the daily needs that qualify them for work, distinction, and integration into society. The elderly with disabilities are considered special groups, as they are a special category of society. But their inability to perform their daily needs made them need a different and special type of care than their normal peers at their age, as they are individuals with whom we share multiple common characteristics. Like all individuals, they need to communicate with the environment around them and express their needs, which helps in improving mental health and integrating them into society. Despite the global and Arab interest in this group, it still suffers a lot in our society. Most of them suffer from mental disorders, a sense of frustration and isolation. Therefore, this category should be given special care to practice their normal lives like other humans. This study sheds light on finding innovative solutions for smart jewelry that meet the human requirements of special groups. This group is in need of understanding some of their personality aspects that disability entails from psychological inadaptability. They have different requirements in various areas of life, which are different from other requirements for ordinary people. These requirements differ according to the type of disability and its effects. Therefore, the research focuses on older women with speech disorders and motor disabilities, where members of this group have a significant disorder in their speech skills and lack of movement, which makes it difficult to communicate with others, which of course affects their mental health. The research focuses on the interest in the elderly category with speech disorders and movement impairment, where the individuals of this category have a marked disturbance in speech skills and lack of movement. This makes it difficult to communicate with others to express their daily needs. Accordingly, there is a societal responsibility of the designer in general and the designer of jewelry in particular, for alleviating the severity of these disorders to make them feel safe, seek help whenever they want, and improve their mental health. This is often through designing metal jewelry in light of smart design and employing electronic chips to develop and enhance communication between people with special groups of elderly people with their external surroundings to meet their daily needs, whether at the level of comprehension, expression, or both. Research problem: The suffering of a person in any society begins from the inability to communicate with others. In the case of a physical disability that causes speech disorders and movement impairment, this suffering increases. This, hence, affects the mental health of this group of people with special groups. Therefore, the social responsibility requires the metal and jeweler designer to develop products to improve their performance capabilities in their daily life. With the rapid technological development and smart design solutions that allow the designer an opportunity to innovate, and in light of all of the above, the research problem can be formed in the following question: Is it possible to find design solutions for metal jewelry that suit the human requirements of the elderly from special groups in light of smart design? Research Objectives: Finding innovative solutions to design metal jewelry that suit the human needs of elderly people with speech disorders and mobility impairments and Improving the mental health of people with speech disorders and movement impairment by providing smart jewelry that helps them communicate with others. Methodology: The research follows the descriptive approach in the theoretical framework and the experimental method in the practical experiment. Case Study: The bodies of people with special needs differ according to the type of disability they have. Their muscles are affected by injury, atrophy, or weakness, and weakness in varying proportions according to several criteria, including muscle structure, age stage, degree of disability, and location. These differences show the needs of these people, not others. Therefore, the case study provides the researcher with data, obstacles, and difficulties facing elderly women with speech disorders and mobility impairment, and also the preferences that they wish to achieve in smart metal jewelry in line with their abilities. This can help them achieve optimal communication with society Results: Creating new approaches in the design of metal jewelry in light of smart design that suits the human requirements of people with special groups. - Achieving communication between people of special groups and their families through innovative methods of communication. - It has become possible to use jewelry in various fields more than just as a means of decoration, as it can be used to improve the mental health of people with special groups. - The study helped clarify the role and importance of jewelry designers towards people with special groups

In a time when the two major strategies followed by Christian religious traditions in modernity have lost traction—Christendom and subcultural isolation on the one hand and liberal and socialist assimilation with modernity on the other hand—Charles Taylor’s Catholic modernity idea opens up a “third grand strategy,” a new perspective on the relationship between religion and modernity. Moreover, the perspective can be put to use in other religious traditions as well. We will, hence, argue for the extension from a Catholic modernity to a religious modernities perspective. With the help of the arguments and suggestions as well as the critiques put forward by Taylor and the other authors in this volume Modernity and Transcendence, we will chart some of the main axes of this vast research field: (1) the clarification of Catholic/religious modernity; (2) the generalization of the Catholic modernity idea into a religious modernities perspective; (3) the invention of an inspiring, post-Christendom Christianity/post-fusional religion and theology; (4) the issue of religious engagement in our time—what Taylor calls “the Ricci project”; (5 and 6) the need for encompassing theories of modernity and religion (transcendence).

This phenomenological study explores the experiences of Chinese international undergraduate students in the United States as they work through the complications of COVID-19 that are potentially intertwined with Sinophobia. By drawing on insights from critical race theory, especially the lens of racial trauma and trauma-informed care, the current study interprets four primary themes: (a) Paradox: Confusions about Racism in Academic Life;(b) Racially-Traumatic Incidences and Risk Factors in Social and Cultural Life;(c) Exodus: Burnout, Homesick, and the Dilemma;and (d) Determined Traumatic Symptoms: Insomnia, Nightmare, and Negative Memories. Noticeably, social justice issues such as isolation, exclusion, threats, and discrimination were present during the 2020 academic year. Therefore, the implications are explored through sociopsychological perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of British Journal of Guidance & Counselling is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Multimodality theories are based on the assumption that the process of meaning making does not operate in isolation, but usually integrates various modalities. While visual, aural, and spatial moda...

BiedrońNatalia, Szabat Marta, Dąbrowski Jan, Dębek Karolina, Gąbka Ilona. The relationship between internet addiction and mental health problems such as depression symptoms, anxiety and insomnia before and during Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(8):215-225. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.08.022 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.08.022 https://zenodo.org/record/5219478 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.08.2021. Revised: 15.08.2021. Accepted: 18.08.2021. The relationship between internet addiction and mental health problems such as depression symptoms, anxiety and insomnia before and during Covid-19 pandemic Natalia Biedroń, Marta Szabat, Jan Dąbrowski, Karolina Dębek, Ilona Gąbka Student Research Group of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin ORCID ID and E-mail: Natalia Biedroń https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-0757, nataliabiedron7@gmail.com Marta Szabat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-2027, marta.szabat9@gmail.com Jan Dąbrowski https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-7412, jasiek.dabrowsky@gmail.com Karolina Dębek https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9931-6002, kpdebek@gmail.com Ilona Gąbka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-8338, ilona0002@gmail.com ABSTRACT Introduction: On the account of the Covid-19 pandemic, many governments around the world have imposed multiple restrictions on public life to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Social disruption and forced isolation contributed to increased stress as well as increased use of the Internet. Aim of the study:The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health problems, including Internet addiction, and to link Internet addiction with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression symptoms and insomnia. Material and methods:The data for the article was found using the PubMed and Google Scholar websites. Description of the state of knowledge: Internet addiction (IA) is becoming an increasingly serious problem of the modern world. The problem of Internet abuse is associated with various risk factors that are dependent on gender or family relationships, as well as mental disorders. Many studies have confirmed that the Covid-19 pandemic caused negative mental health effects, contributing to increased anxiety and depression symptoms. To reduce stress, people started using the internet more often. This compensatory mechanism can cause even more mental health problems by increasing anxiety, symptoms of depression and insomnia. Summary: Research by many scientists shows that the Covid-19 pandemic is exacerbating the mental health problems associated with IA. Research shows that during the Covid-19 pandemic, it is especially important to be able to manage stress through non-internet-related activities to help prevent IA. Key words: internet addiction;COVID-19 pandemic; depression symptoms; anxiety; insomnia.

Religious coping is one potential strategy to manage stressors. Positive religious coping has been linked to better physical and mental health outcomes, while negative religious coping has been associated with increased stress and anxiety. The primary objective of this study was to examine individuals’ use of religious coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and religious coping in a national sample of 970 individuals located within the USA recruited via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) between September 12, 2020, and September 25, 2020. Findings indicate negative religious coping is most strongly associated with COVID-19 anxiety, as higher levels of negative religious coping were positively related to COVID-19 anxiety. In a moderated multiple regression wherein positive religious coping and negative religious coping were included in an interaction term, only negative religious coping was significantly associated with COVID-19 anxiety. This may have been due, in part, because individual’s typical religious engagement was disrupted by social distancing and isolation measures. When accounting for participant age, sex, religious beliefs and behaviors, and negative religious coping, positive religious coping was negatively, although weakly, associated with COVID-19 anxiety. These findings suggest that negative religious coping has a stronger association with COVID-19 anxiety than positive religious coping.

This article analyses how Sweden has adapted to the worsened security situation in its vicinity following Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea and war in Eastern Ukraine. The paper builds on secur...

In this article, we want to bolster a critical discussion of how the “home” is used in research on residential care, and additionally make sense of young and old residents’ feelings of resistance, through the lens of a critical geography of home. We illustrate how the home ideal might be provocative and frustrating for the residents, although previous studies point out that the ideal is used by staff and in policy to reassure residents of a sense of belonging and mastery. Examples from interviews with young unaccompanied boys as well as older residents living in residential care have been used and the analysis resulted in two themes: “Residents’ conflicting experiences of space” (shared space, restricted space and regulated space, and “Residents’ feelings of homelessness” (transitional space and encroached space). How the residents themselves understand the space that is called their home and why their home can stir ambivalent or negative feelings of isolation, exclusion, and homelessness, is relevant in order to avoid romanticizing home. Residents’ understanding of home can be different from the staff, a reminder that home is a much more complex notion than the rosy ideal.

In this paper Iexplore the way everyday forms of creativity responded to the first wave of the coronavirus. I argue that these creative responses did two things. First, they demonstrated the rich agency that ordinary people have in shaping and sharing their experience of lonely isolation. Second, through the creative works generated and circulated, a critical lens was placed on the way that the pandemic carried forward the inequalities inherent in modern systems of governance. The article is divided into two main sections: the first looks at a range of creative works made by ordinary people to reconnect them to the social world. The second section looks at the creative works that were explicitly politicized and activist in nature, turning loneliness into a political project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Until recently, psychologists have conceptualised and studied trust in God (TIG) largely in isolation from contemporary work in theology, philosophy, history, and biblical studies that has examined...

This study contributes to the literature on challenges and opportunities for social participation experienced by older adults in Ghana and provides useful lessons for theory and practice. The study explored this topic using a descriptive phenomenology approach. A purposive sample of 23 older adults aged 60 years and above participated in semi-structured interviews to provide data for the study. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed for analysis. Data were analyzed following descriptive phenomenology principles, such as paying attention to experiential detail and the personal and relational significance of experience as described, and using existing literature as heuristic to reformulate and gain insight into the general and unique characteristics of experience as described by participants. Two themes emerged from the data. Living at the margins emerged from the descriptions of challenges whose subthemes included health problems, isolation, and poverty. Elevated citizenship emerged from the descriptions of opportunities whose subthemes were acts of reciprocity, recognition, and preferential treatment. The paper discusses how these themes underlie both social exclusion and social participation among participants.

Both social disconnection and suicide are significant public health concerns among older adults, and social disconnection is associated with greater risk for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors in late life. We present a synthesis of research discussed during a workshop hosted by the National Institute of Mental Health on social disconnection and late-life suicide. Social disconnection is related to suicide risk in late life via a variety of mechanisms, including biological, behavioral, and psychological correlates. Researchers in several scientific fields have begun to establish these connections and identify targets for interventions to reduce risk in late life. While research has demonstrated that social connection is amenable to change, there is little research to date on the most evidence-based interventions to mitigate social disconnection or the related risks. However, there are several promising biological, behavioral, and psychological interventions that may target various mechanisms, as well as social disconnection itself. With a relative paucity of research in this area, these lines of study are ripe for innovative investigation. In order to most effectively advance the field, we must establish more consistent definitions of social connection and disconnection; more accurately measure and assess older adults' social needs; examine the most effective approaches and modalities for assessment and intervention; take into account important contextual factors; and apply a translational, convergent scientific approach.

Introduction Despite findings that 1 in 4 eating disorder sufferers are male (Beat, 2017), they continue to be known as "female" disorders, an association which delays diagnosis in males and prevents them from seeking the help that they need to recover. Aim The current paper aimed to challenge this misconception by enabling and supporting Ben, a young male diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa aged 16, to share his experience of seeking and receiving treatment for the disorder. Method It achieved this by exploring how his disorder developed, his experience of a child and adolescent inpatient service and the events leading up to this, and his life post-discharge, all in collaboration with Ben himself and using his own words. Discussion The paper concludes with some implications for future practice, including that eating disorders should not be skewed towards any gender, treatment programmes need to ensure full inclusivity of males, and more gender sensitive information is required to raise awareness of this population and thus reduce the stigma and isolation they experience at present. It is hoped that these, along with the rest of the paper, will be accessible to and utilized by both professionals and non-professionals alike. Accessible summary ● Around one quarter of people diagnosed with an eating disorder are male, yet they continue to be known as "female" disorders. Because of this, young males are often missed by the system and as a result, receive treatment later than they should. They are currently underrepresented in services. ● This paper challenges the association above by supporting a young man who suffered with a type of eating disorder known as Anorexia Nervosa to share his journey from his personal perspective. It provides great insight into what it is like to be a male with an eating disorder, including how it felt to be the only male in an inpatient facility surrounded by females with the same disorder. ● The paper also provides important information for professionals working in the area. For example, eating disorders, including Anorexia Nervosa, should not be associated with one specific gender, and treatment programmes for young people with eating disorders should ensure they are appropriate for both females and males. As a society, we need to challenge the stigma which exists for males in admitting when they are struggling and asking for help, and we need to do everything we can to ensure that young men are picked up earlier in the system, in order to give them the best chance of recovery. ● It is hoped that Ben's story and the recommendations from it can go on to help other males who might be struggling.

In a traditional anatomy and physiology lab, the general senses – temperature, pain, touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception – and the special senses – olfaction (smell), vision, gustation (taste), hearing, and equilibrium – are typically taught in isolation. In reality, information derived from these individual senses interacts to produce the complex sensory experience that constitutes perception. To introduce students to the concept of multisensory integration, a crossmodal perception lab was developed. In this lab, students explore how vision impacts olfaction and how vision and olfaction interact to impact flavor perception. Students are required to perform a series of multisensory tasks that focus on the interaction of multiple sensory inputs and their impact on flavor and scent perception. Additionally, students develop their own hypothesis as to which sensory modalities they believe will best assist them in correctly identifying the flavor of a candy: taste alone, taste paired with scent, or taste paired with vision. Together these experiments give students an appreciation for multisensory integration while also encouraging them to actively engage in the scientific method. They are then asked to hypothesize the possible outcome of one last experiment after collecting and assessing data from the prior tasks.

We present comments on an article published by Confer et al. (Ecology and Evolution, 10, 2020). Confer et al. (2020) aggregate data from multiple studies of social pairing between Vermivora chrysoptera and V. cyanoptera, two wood warblers in the family Parulidae that hybridize extensively where they co‐occur. From analysis of these data, they conclude there is near‐complete reproductive isolation between these two species. In our reply, we show that this finding is not supported by other lines of evidence, and significant drawbacks of their study design preclude such strong conclusions. In our critique, we show that (a) coarse‐scale plumage classifications cannot be used to accurately estimate hybrid ancestry in Vermivora; (b) extra‐pair paternity is very high in Vermivora and is likely facilitating hybridization, yet was not considered by Confer et al. (2020), and we suggest this will have a substantial influence on the interpretation of reproductive isolation in the system; and (c) the central finding of strong total reproductive isolation is not compatible with the results of other long‐term studies, which demonstrate low isolation and high gene flow. We conclude with a more comprehensive interpretation of hybridization and reproductive isolation in Vermivora warblers., Vermivora warblers—golden‐winged and blue‐winged warblers—hybridize extensively where they co‐occur. We discuss concerns regarding recent suggestions that this extensive hybridization takes place in the face of near complete pre‐mating isolation, which we suggest is not consistent with other data.

The protection of indigenous peoples in isolation and initial contact (PIACI) is one of the most complex issues in the human rights and environmental agenda. The implementation of frameworks to protect PIACI involves addressing conflicts by the advance of public and private initiatives and interests in their territories. This paper focuses on PIACI Roundtable, a multi-stakeholder forum (MSF) established in Peru's Loreto region to contribute to protecting these groups. The MSF sought to address the long-standing delays in the creation of five Indigenous Reserves for PIACI in Loreto's forests. The paper argues that MSFs may be fruitful spaces to raise awareness of the rights of vulnerable peoples and coordinate the implementation of supporting actions, but only when participants hold a shared respect for those recognised rights. If not, MSFs may become spaces where powerful actors relegate recognised rights to a perspective among others.

Introduction The lockdown due to COVID-19 affected the sexual health of the people with intellectual disabilities by differentially modifying the frequency and characteristics of people’s sexual activity depending on whether or not they lived with a partner during this period. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which the sexual behavior of people with intellectual disabilities (with and without a partner) was affected during the lockdown. Methods The sample consisted of 73 people with intellectual disabilities between 21 and 63 years old (M = 39.63; SD = 10.11). The variables analyzed were the physical, social, and technological environment during the lockdown, sexual appetite, sexual behavior, online sexual activity, and sexual abuse. The data were collected between the months of May and June of 2020. Results The lockdown increased the sexual appetite of a third of the sample (38%), especially the youngest participants. Sexual activity focused on autoeroticism and online behavior, particularly sending nude images of oneself (88%) and viewing pornography (83.6%). Rates of sexual abuse during this period were relatively high (6.8%). Conclusions The sexual activity of people with ID was important during the lockdown, and they had to adapt to the circumstances of isolation in a similar way to the general population. Technological improvements in terms of devices and connection quality at home allowed their sexual behavior to be reoriented, opening the door to new risks for the sexual health of people with ID. Policy Implications Cybersex and the increase in sexual abuse due to confinement are aspects that should be included in programs to improve the sexual health of this group.

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic globally enforced safety precautions were implemented resulting in increased social distancing and isolation especially among people with dementia and their caregivers. This critical situation intensified the need to reach and support this already vulnerable population. Music therapists have answered the challenge by providing telehealth music therapy. However, the new online setting raises questions and dilemmas. As music therapists who have worked for many years with people with dementia and their caregivers, we pause to reflect on the new path we took and consider what we can learn and embrace from this new modality of practice.

Although the sense of agency is often reduced if not absent in dreams, our agentive dream experiences can at times be similar to or enhanced compared to waking. The sense of agency displayed in dreams is perplexing as we are mostly shut off from real stimulus whilst asleep. Theories of waking sense of agency, in particular, comparator and holistic models, are analysed in order to argue that despite the isolation from the real environment, these models can help account for dream experience. The dreamer might feel an increased sense of control of their dream bodies and a sense that they can directly control elements of the dream world. Such experiences may at times be caused by superstitious or delusional thinking due to altered cognition and changes to the sleeping brain. Here it is argued that some such experiences are akin to specific waking delusions, such as delusions of grandeur, with similar cognitive features. However, other instances of increased sense of agency in dreaming appear to be sui generis and nothing like what we experience when awake. Lucid control dreams, in which the dreamer realises that they are dreaming and that they can control the dream environment, are examples of such an experience although further nuance is required to account for their specific cognitive attributes. Future empirical research should focus on controlled dream reporting conditions in order to clarify the types of experience that occur and determine the relevant cognitive mechanisms that relate to each type.

Various studies on gender violence emphasize the greater rootedness of patriarchal culture in rural society compared to other types of societies. This rural society is characterized by its greater masculinization and tradition, which makes it difficult to perceive and recognize macho behaviour. The violence which is the subject of this study represents a scourge which is suffered by a large sector of the female population, leaving serious economic, social, psychological and family consequences which are profound and painful, and which it is very difficult to overcome on many occasions. During the time that the author who signs this document stayed in the district of Alhama de Granada as a social worker, it became clear that there were few resources available to combat gender violence and to educate the population in this rural area. The daily life of women, and especially those who suffer from male violence in particular, is conditioned and limited by the situation of isolation, the deficit of social services, social control and pressure, stigmatisation and the family structure (close and/or extended).

The proposition of the constitution of the self as starting from the intersubjective relationship that emerges from the recognition of the other, presents the problem of the ontological foundation of the self. On one hand, the self cannot exist in isolation, but on the other, making its constitution subordinate to the relation with the other can debilitate the self as it is made dependent, for its constitution, on something different from the self. If the constitution of the self is dependent on the intersubjective relation the question of its origin arises: What are those who enter a relation before relating? If the self only recognizes itself recognizing another, what is it that it recognizes? These questions are directed towards the search for an ontological or metaphysical foundation for the study of phenomenological anthropology. The self cannot depend on the other, and this one, in turn, on the self. Paul Ricoeur’s philosophical anthropology, with its emphasis on the corporeal and historical nature of man, and its dialogue with Aristotle, offers answers to these questions. Ricoeur studies man from his inner life (beginning with his freedom) but does not forget that which makes it possible for a human being to recognize and to be recognized.

Introduction: The forced transition to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted medical education significantly. Methods: In this paper, the authors compare the performance of Year 1 and 2 classes of medical students who took the same courses either online (2019-2020) or face-to-face (2018-2019), and compare their evaluation of these courses. The authors also present results of three survey questions delivered to current Year 1 medical students on the perceived advantages and disadvantages of online learning and suggestions for improvement. Results: Performance and evaluation scores of Year 1 and 2 classes was similar irrespective of the mode of delivery of the course in question. 30 current (2019-2020) Year 1 students responded to the survey questions with a response rate of 25.4%. Some of the cited disadvantages had to do with technical, infrastructural and faculty know-how and support. But the more challenging limitations had to do with the process of learning and what facilitates it, the students' ability to self-regulate and to motivate themselves, the negative impact of isolation, loss of socialisation and interaction with peers and faculty, and the almost total lack of hands-on experiences. Conclusion: Rapid transition to online learning did not affect student knowledge acquisition negatively. As such, the sudden shift to online education might not be a totally negative development and can be harnessed to drive a more progressive medical education agenda. These results are particularly important considering the several disadvantages that the students cited in relation to the online delivery of the courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Asia Pacific Scholar is the property of Centre for Medical Education (CenMed) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effectivity of work performance is affected by the job satisfaction of employees. Most important determinants of this satisfaction include physical working conditions, social relationships, possibility of open and direct communication, etc. Shortcomings in this regard will be reflected in the quality of work performance. The COVID-19 Pandemic outbreak in 2020 has changed not only the life conditions of people, but also the work conditions of organizations. This paper focuses particularly on working from home. The risks that employees are exposed to and how teleworking will affect their job satisfaction is the subject of this article. This paper further presents an analysis of a new possible scope of teleworking, which could potentially reduce the job satisfaction of workers and will be contrasted to former research results. The research is fundamentally based on an extensive literature review by using databases, like Web of Science, SpringerLink, SCOPUS, Research Gate, Google Scholar, Bitkom Research, Google Search and Wiley Online Library. 34 studies employing quantitative, qualitative and mixed method designs have been included in the review. The method of qualitative content analysis as outlined by Mayring has been used to analyse the literature and interpret the findings. An elaboration of the theoretical basics targeted for the topic is required for achieving the goal of the paper. The increase of teleworking frequency has a positive influence on job satisfaction;however, it includes some negative aspects related to social and professional isolation and perceived threats in professional advancement. This review may be considered as a complementary support for academics and practitioners. Copyright © 2021. Katja Zollner and Rozalia Sulikova. Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International CC-BY 4.0

The isolation that people of many nations have experienced during lockdown periods to prevent the spread of COVID-19 may adversely affect their mental health. In this study we examined whether humor moderates the relationship between extent of self-isolation and the depressive symptoms that people experience when locked down. Participants were 400 Japanese adults aged between 21 and 69 years, who completed the Humor Styles Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in addition to responding to a question to establish the extent of their self-isolation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis results indicate that affiliative humor moderated the relationship between the degree of self-isolation and depression, and attenuated their association. In contrast, aggressive humor strengthened their association. Our study findings suggest that affiliative humor served to safeguard people from suffering from depression induced by self-isolation during lockdown, whereas aggressive humor increased the likelihood of people becoming depressed during lockdown.

A common objection to political liberalism is that since reasonable citizens agree that some ways of life are worse than others – for instance that the life of a drug addict is less worthwhile than the life of a person who spends her time with family and philosophy – political liberals must concede that the state can sometimes permissibly use perfectionist reasons. I argue in this paper that this challenge is mistaken, because the comparison only tells us something about relative, not absolute, value. And because the real question concerns what the right justificatory constituency looks like, not what counts as reasonable in some other sense, the implication is that perfectionists and political liberals could construct equally plausible idealised constituencies. This stalemate gives us reason to develop arguments in favour of our preferred justificatory constituency. We cannot view local comparative judgements in isolation.