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As an initial channel for users learning about a mobile game, the interactive experience of the navigation interface will directly affect the first impression of the users on the game and their subsequent behaviors and willingness to use. This study aims to investigate players&rsquo, visual attention mechanisms of various interactive levels of mobile games&rsquo, interfaces under free-browsing and task-oriented conditions. Eye-tracking glasses and a questionnaire were used to measure the interactive experience of mobile games. The results show that in the free-browsing condition, the fixation count, saccade count and average saccade amplitude can be used to reflect and predict the interactive experiences of mobile games&rsquo, navigation interface, while in the task-oriented condition, the fixation count, first fixation duration, dwell time ratio and saccade count can be used to reflect and predict the interactive experience of mobile games&rsquo, navigation interface. These findings suggest that apart from the different eye movement indicators, players&rsquo, motivations should also be considered during the process of the games&rsquo, navigation interface design.

To investigate the protective effects of procyanidin on periprosthetic osteolysis caused by tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles in the mouse calvaria and its mechanism.Forty-eight male ICR mice were randomly divided into sham group, TCP group, and procyanidin (0.2 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg)-treated group (n=12). A periprosthetic osteolysis model in the mouse calvaria was established by implanting 30 mg of TCP wear particles onto the surface of bilateral parietal bones following removal of the periosteum. On the 2Compared with sham group, periprosthetic osteolysis, osteoclastogenesis, mRNA levels of TRAP, capthesin K, c-Fos and NFATc1, and serum MDA content were increased significantly in the TCP group (P＜0.05), whereas serum T-AOC level and SOD activity were decreased. The protein expressions of Beclin-1 and LC-3, and the conversion of LC3-II from LC3-I were both up-regulated markedly in the mouse calvaria of TCP group (P＜0.05). Compared with TCP group, osteolysis, osteoclastogenesis, mRNA levels of TRAP, capthesin K, c-Fos and NFATc1 and serum MDA content were decreased obviously in the procyanidine group (P＜0.05), serum T-AOC level and SOD activity were increased, the expressions of Beclin-1 and LC-3, and the conversion of LC3-II from LC3-I were down-regulated obviously in the mouse calvaria of procyanidin group (P＜0.05).Procyanidin has a protective effect of periprosthetic osteolysis caused by TCP wear particles in the mouse calvaia, its mechanism may be mediated by inhibition of oxidative stress and autophagy.

High-level user experience has become the key factor that one game can be successful in the game market. The home page of mobile games, especially the design of the navigation interface, has a significant impact on users&rsquo, initial experience, which is an important determent to users&rsquo, preferences and purchase decision. Hence, measuring users&rsquo, perceptual experiences of the navigation interface can help designers understand real demands from users. Previous studies primarily used self-report scales or interviews to measure gamers&rsquo, perceptual experiences. However, it may not reflect gamers&rsquo, real perceptions that they are feeling as most of time the feeling is short-lived and implicit. To fill this gap, the current study attempted to combine subjective evaluation with event-related potentials (ERP) to objectively measure gamers&rsquo, perceptual experience evoked by the navigation interface of the mobile game. The navigation interfaces of mobile games with low, medium, and high perceptual experience were developed and the ERP experiment was conducted to detect the differences in users&rsquo, electroencephalograph (EEG) components when subjects were exposed to the different design levels of navigation interface. The results showed that N1 reaction showed asymmetry in brain regions, and P2 and N2 showed symmetry, and relative to the navigation interface with low and medium perceptual experiences, the high level of navigation interface induced a larger amplitude of N2 in the anterior scalp and P2 in the frontal scalp. These EEG components can, therefore, be regarded as significant indicators reflecting gamers&rsquo, perceptions of the navigation interface. The findings benefit game companies of navigation interface designs.

The combination of elemental sulfur and carbamoyl chloride was found to act as a carbamothioyl group surrogate for direct thiocarbamation of imidazopyridines in the absence of a metal catalyst.

3-O-[(E)-4-(4-cyanophenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl] kaempferol is a novel lead compound to discover anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drugs. The present study reported the scaffold hopping of the lead compound to obtain a new isoxazole derivative, C45, which has improved glucose consumption at the nanomolar level (EC50 = 0.8 nM) in insulin resistant (IR) HepG2 cells. Western blotting showed that C45 markedly enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) and reduced the levels of the gluconeogenesis key enzymes PEPCK (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) and G6Pase (glucose 6-phosphatase) in HepG2 cells. The potential molecular mechanism of C45 may be activation of the AMPK/PEPCK/G6Pase pathways. We concluded that C45 might be a valuable candidate to discover anti-diabetic drugs.

Conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) and sorafenib are the standard monotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B or C by Western official guidelines (1,2). Many large randomized controlled trials have shown these two monotherapies to extend median overall survival over the best supportive care in such patients. cTACE would induce the upregulation of angiogenic factors by ischemic liver injury.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether serum prealbumin levels are associated with long-term survival after hepatectomy in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS A consecutive sample of 526 patients with HCC who underwent potentially curative hepatectomy from August 2007 to August 2010 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified as having normal or reduced serum prealbumin based on cut-off values of 200 or 182 mg/L. RESULTS Multivariate analysis identified the preoperative level of serum prealbumin as an independent prognostic factor of long-term survival (P

With the rapid development of Internet and occurrence of social media services, many users are becoming the creators of social information. However, the normal manual work can't deal with a large number of subjective messages. As a new kind of social media service, micro blog has been widely accepted and can be used for sentiment analysis. This paper compared performances of three machine learning methods on sentiment analysis of Chinese micro blog. We also proposed an improved feature selection method that increases the accuracy of classification. Experiment results show that SVM is closed to Naïve Bayes and they are better than logistic regression in most cases.

This paper proposes a vision orientation system based on OpenCV to solve the orientation problem that glass curtain wall cleaning robots meet with at work. The system applies edge detection and the Hough transform to the images captured by the monocular camera, then judges whether the robot has reached glass edges according to the results of histogram comparison between the target image and the template image. Finally the system sends corresponding orders to the robot for path selection and orientation.

This study investigated the application of ozone in conjunction with Pt/Al2O3 catalysts, called ozone-catalytic oxidation (OZCO) process, to destruct gaseous naphthalene (Nap). The experiments were carried out at various constant reaction temperatures (T), space velocities (SV) and inlet concentrations of ozone ( C O 3 , in ) . The results indicate that the required T for the effective decomposition of Nap decreases with the increase in inlet concentration of ozone ( C O 3 , in ) at the same conversion level of Nap (XNap). Further, the values of XNap and mineralization extent of Nap (MNap) increase linearly with the increase of C O 3 , in . Regarding the T at XNap = 50% (T50), there is about 20 K reduction at SV = 100,000 h−1 for the case of OZCO process with C O 3 , in of 1750 ppmv (T50 = 460 K) compared to the process without ozone (T50 = 480 K). Further, the power law can be applied to describe the data by using the second order expression with respect to ozone and Nap concentration. The observed activation energy and frequency factor are 68.3 kJ mol−1 and 5.36 × 1012 L2 mol−1 g−1-cat. s−1, respectively. The information obtained is useful for the rational design and operation of the treatment of Nap via the OZCO process.

In this study, we investigated the influence of a buffer layer of molybdic oxide (MoO 3 ) at the metal/organic junction on the behavior of organic base-modulation triodes. The performance of devices featuring MoO 3 /Al as the emitter electrode was enhanced relative to that of corresponding devices with Au and Ag, presumably because of the reduced in the contact barrier and the prevention of metal diffusion into the organic layer. The device exhibited an output current of −16.1 μA at V B = −5 V and a current ON/OFF ratio of 10 3 . Using this architecture, we constructed resistance–load inverters that exhibited a calculated gain of 6.

Recently, Zhou et al. proposed a quantum secret sharing (QSS) protocol, which provides only 25% qubit efficiency after the processes of the random sampling discussion and the secret derivation. This work proposes an enhancement of Zhou et al.'s protocol. With the technique of the Bell measurement, the improved QSS protocol has 50% qubit efficiency.

Pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) can ameliorate hyperlipidemia, but the action mechanism is not clear. We focus the mechanisms of PGBR prevented hyperlipidemia. Six-week-old mice were divided into: standard-regular diet (SRD), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with PGBR (HFD + PGBR) groups for 16 weeks. The HFD group has higher concentrations of TG, TC, HDL and Non-HDL in the blood, and a higher atherosclerosis index (AI). The TG levels in the liver, and TG, bile acid levels in the feces were enhanced; and the total adipocytokines level in adipose tissue was reduced. The HFD group had higher protein expressions of SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, LDLR, and CYP7α1 in the liver. Moreover, the greater expressions of SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS and the less expressions of PPAR-α and adiponectin were in adipose tissue. In the HFD + PGBR group, the PGBR regulated the levels of TG, TC, HDL, Non-HDL, AI and adipocytokines. PGBR increased more cholesterol and bile acid exhaust in feces. The SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, HMGCR, LDLR, CYP7α1 and PPAR-α proteins in the liver; and the SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, PPAR-α and adiponectin proteins in adipose tissue were reversed by PGBR. Taken together, PGBR can improve lipid synthesis and metabolism, and we suggest PGBR is a recommendable food for controlling hyperlipidemia.

Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are listed as carcinogenic and mutagenic priority pollutants, belonging to the environmental endocrine disrupters. Most PAHs in the environment stem from the atmospheric deposition and diesel emission. Consequently, the elimination of PAHs in the off-gases is one of the priority and emerging challenges. Catalytic oxidation has been widely used in the destruction of organic compounds due to its high efficiency (or conversion of reactants), its economic benefits and good applicability. This study investigates the application of the catalytic oxidation using Pt/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts to decompose PAHs and taking naphthalene (the simplest and least toxic PAH) as a target compound. It studies the relationships between conversion, operating parameters and relevant factors such as treatment temperatures, catalyst sizes and space velocities. Also, a related reaction kinetic expression is proposed to provide a simplified expression of the relevant kinetic parameters. The results indicate that the Pt/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst used accelerates the reaction rate of the decomposition of naphthalene and decreases the reaction temperature. A high conversion (over 95%) can be achieved at a moderate reaction temperature of 480 K and space velocity below 35,000 h −1 . Non-catalytic (thermal) oxidation achieves the same conversion at a temperature beyond 1000 K. The results also indicate that Rideal–Eley mechanism and Arrhenius equation can be reasonably applied to describe the data by using the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetic equation with activation energy of 149.97 kJ/mol and frequency factor equal to 3.26 × 10 17 s −1 .

This study investigates the optical design of LED edge-lit curved light bar and applies to the design of automotive taillight. LEDs have been widely used in automotive lighting. However, the designs are mostly of direct backlight using arrays of LEDs with diffusive patterns above, which often causes problems such as low uniformity, glaring, and excess LEDs. Edge-lit light guide devices have been widely used in the back light models of LCD. However, the geometry of the lighting devices in the automotive lighting is often curved and non-rectangular, and the related literatures are very limited. This study addresses the design of edge-lit curved light bars and the optimization scheme for uniform light emitting. An automotive taillight with LED edge-lit light bar is used as an illustrated example. The light tracing software, TracePro is used to simulate the optical characteristics of the proposed design. 90° V-cuts are used as the optical features to distribute the light, and the lead angles of the V-cut are varied to achieve the optimum axial luminous intensity. A Fuzzy optimization scheme is proposed to manipulate the anchor spacing points which continuously varies the V-cut spacing along the light bar to satisfy the requirements of Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) regulations and the illumination uniformity requirements. This study also proposes a solution to reduce the illuminance difference between the inner and the outer portions of the curved section of a light bar by varying bilaterial thickness of light bar cross section.

A nanopositioner using a 6-prismatic-spherical-spherical parallel (PSS) linked compliant mechanism driven by 6 multilayered piezoelectric actuators (PZT) is presented. Compared with a traditional Gough-Stewart platform in which each actuator was installed between the end effector and the base, this nanopositioner installed the PZT directly on the base to achieve much smaller mechanical loop, higher stiffness, faster response, and compactness. This nanopositioner consists of one fixed plate; three 2-PSS compliant mechanisms; and one end effector. The kinematics characteristics of the nanopositioner were analyzed through the pseudo-rigid-body model. The behavior of the compliant mechanism was intensively simulated by the finite element method (FEM). Tracking a 5 nm radius circle of the 15 x 15 x 5 cm(3) prototype was experimentally demonstrated. The measurement results showed the nanopositioner achieved 8 microm travel with 5 nm resolutions and 200 microrad rotation with 0.7 microrad resolutions. The nanopositioner can be used to manipulate nano scale devices, fabricate nano components, or operate nano machines.