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55. Exome-chip association analysis reveals an Asian-specific missense variant in PAX4 associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese individuals

Author

Cheung, Chloe Y. Y., Tang, Clara S., Xu, Aimin, Lee, Chi-Ho, Au, Ka-Wing, Xu, Lin, Fong, Carol H. Y., Kwok, Kelvin H. M., Chow, Wing-Sun, Woo, Yu-Cho, Yuen, Michele M. A., Hai, JoJo S. H., Jin, Ya-Li, Cheung, Bernard M. Y., Tan, Kathryn C. B., Cherny, Stacey S., Zhu, Feng, Zhu, Tong, Thomas, G. Neil, Cheng, Kar-Keung, Jiang, Chao-Qiang, Lam, Tai-Hing, Tse, Hung-Fat, Sham, Pak-Chung, and Lam, Karen S. L.

Published
2017
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57. Association of Multi-Dimensional Factors with Accelerating Age and Constructing a Healthy Lifestyle Index: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

Author

Liang, Xue, Zhang, Wei Sen, Jin, Ya Li, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Zhu, Feng, Cheng, Kar Keung, Lam, Tai Hing, and Xu, Lin

Subjects
AGE, SEDENTARY behavior, COHORT analysis, BODY mass index, BAYESIAN analysis, SMOKING cessation, ADOLESCENT smoking
Abstract

Introduction: Ageing process is influenced by multi-dimensional factors collectively. Previous studies examined association of one separate factor with mortality without considering different manifestations of ageing process. We investigated associations of multi-dimensional factors with accelerating age (AA), a proxy to quantify ageing, in older Chinese. Methods: 9,831 participants from Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were included. Four exposure domains of 15 variables including demographic and socio-economic factors, lifestyle factors, stress across the life course, and common diseases were assessed. AA was calculated based on chronological age and eight biomarkers. Traditional multivariable linear and Bayesian Network (BN) models were used. Results: In both traditional and BN models, male sex, smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity, greater waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) were associated with higher AA, with the adjusted β (95% confidence intervals) being 2.75 (2.40–3.09), 1.31 (0.87–1.76), 1.35 (0.55–2.15), 0.64 (0.40–0.88), 0.09 (0.06–0.11), and 0.13 (0.07–0.19) years, respectively. A Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) was constructed including the above lifestyle factors (non-smoking, non-alcohol use, physically active, non-central, and non-general obesity) with a point assigned for each. A higher index indicates healthier lifestyle. Compared with participants with an HLI of 5, those with an HLI of 0–2 had 2.90 (2.48–3.32) years older AA. Conclusions: Male sex, smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity, greater waist circumference, and BMI were associated with higher AA by 0.09–2.75 years, suggesting that adopting a healthy lifestyle may alleviate process of phenotypic ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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61. Long-term intrinsic cycling in human life-course antibody responses to influenza A(H3N2)

Author

Yang, Bingyi, primary, Garcia-Carreras, Bernardo, additional, Lessler, Justin, additional, Read, Jonathan M, additional, Zhu, Huachen, additional, Metcalf, C. Jessica E., additional, Hay, James A., additional, Kwok, Kin On, additional, Shen, Ruiyin, additional, Jiang, Chao Qiang, additional, Guan, Yi, additional, Riley, Steven, additional, and Cummings, Derek, additional

Published
2022
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71. Additional file 1 of Associations of face-to-face and non-face-to-face social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: 13-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study

Author

Wang, Jiao, Zhang, Wei Sen, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Zhu, Feng, Jin, Ya Li, Cheng, Kar Keung, Lam, Tai Hing, and Xu, Lin

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary information for studies about the associations of social isolation with all-cause mortality (from Jan 2015 to May 2021). Table S2. The missing percent of the variables in the cohort. Table S3. Associations of social isolation with cause-specific mortality using competing risk model (Fine-Gray’s model). Table S4. Associations of social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality with additional adjustment for psychological factors† in the subgroup (n=19,947). Table S5. Associations of social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality by sex (men, women) †. Table S6. Associations of social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality by age group (< 60 years, ≥60 years) †. Table S7. Associations of social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality by education group (≤ primary, ≥ middle school) †. Table S8. Associations of social isolation with all-cause and cause-specific mortality by health status (poor/very poor, good/very good) †. Table S9. Associations of face-to-face and non-face-to-face contact with all-cause mortality after mutual adjustment of 3 types of contact. Table S10. Associations of social isolation with all-cause mortality in original dataset (without excluding 244 death within first 2 years). Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier survival curve by four types of social isolation assessed at baseline examination (2003-2008) for all-cause mortality in 30,430 participants. Figure S2. Kaplan–Meier survival curve by four types of social isolation assessed at follow-up examination (2008-2012) for all-cause mortality in 18,104 participants.

Published
2022
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72. Additional file 1 of Hearing loss and depressive symptoms in older Chinese: whether social isolation plays a role

Author

Huang, Hao, Wang, Jiao, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Zhu, Feng, Jin, Ya Li, Zhu, Tong, Zhang, Wei Sen, and Xu, Lin

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The four types of social isolation question and thescoring criteria for the composite social isolation score. Supplementary Table2. The Chinese version of four types of social isolation question and thescoring criteria for the composite social isolation score. Supplementary Table3. Associationof hearing loss with depressive symptoms (GDS-15 score ≥8). Supplementary Table4. Association of hearingloss with depressive symptoms after excluding participants with hearing aids (n=20).

Published
2022
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73. Additional file 3 of Mendelian randomization analysis of vitamin D in the secondary prevention of hypertensive-diabetic subjects: role of facilitating blood pressure control

Author

Chan, Yap-Hang, Schooling, C. Mary, Zhao, Jie V., Yeung, Shiu-Lun Au, Hai, Jo Jo, Thomas, G. Neil, Cheng, Kar-Keung, Jiang, Chao-Qiang, Wong, Yuen-Kwun, Au, Ka-Wing, Tang, Clara S., Cheung, Chloe Y. Y., Xu, Aimin, Sham, Pak-Chung, Lam, Tai-Hing, Lam, Karen Siu-Ling, and Tse, Hung-Fat

Abstract

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. Prediction estimates of Vit-D GRS��� for cardiovascular (CV) Risk Factors ���.

Published
2022
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74. Additional file 1 of Mendelian randomization analysis of vitamin D in the secondary prevention of hypertensive-diabetic subjects: role of facilitating blood pressure control

Author

Chan, Yap-Hang, Schooling, C. Mary, Zhao, Jie V., Yeung, Shiu-Lun Au, Hai, Jo Jo, Thomas, G. Neil, Cheng, Kar-Keung, Jiang, Chao-Qiang, Wong, Yuen-Kwun, Au, Ka-Wing, Tang, Clara S., Cheung, Chloe Y. Y., Xu, Aimin, Sham, Pak-Chung, Lam, Tai-Hing, Lam, Karen Siu-Ling, and Tse, Hung-Fat

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Study Flowchart. Study flowchart detailing the HKU-TRS Cohort, with the methodological framework of Derivation Subcohort (n=1460) and the Hypertensive-Diabetic Subcohort (n=3746) samples that underwent two-sample Mendelian randomization for causal inference of Vitamin D on prospective cardiovascular endpoints in hypertensive subjects with prevailing type 2 diabetes. Supplementary Figure 2. Panel A. Serological and Genetic Vitamin D Prediction Risk Estimates for Deviation from Achieving Guideline-Directed Systolic Hypertension Control. Adjusted for sex and age, per-standard deviation increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and per-allele increase in Genetic Risk Score (GRS) respectively predicted 11% (OR=0.89 [95%CI 0.83 to 0.96], P=0.002) and 9% (OR=0.91 [0.86 to 0.97], P=0.002) reduced odds of deviation from JNC-8 guideline-recommended target for systolic hypertension (systolic

Published
2022
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76. Additional file 2 of Mendelian randomization analysis of vitamin D in the secondary prevention of hypertensive-diabetic subjects: role of facilitating blood pressure control

Author

Chan, Yap-Hang, Schooling, C. Mary, Zhao, Jie V., Yeung, Shiu-Lun Au, Hai, Jo Jo, Thomas, G. Neil, Cheng, Kar-Keung, Jiang, Chao-Qiang, Wong, Yuen-Kwun, Au, Ka-Wing, Tang, Clara S., Cheung, Chloe Y. Y., Xu, Aimin, Sham, Pak-Chung, Lam, Tai-Hing, Lam, Karen Siu-Ling, and Tse, Hung-Fat

Abstract

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Serological and Genetic Vitamin D Exposure in Prediction Models for Combined Cardiovascular (CV) Endpoints in Hypertensive-Diabetic Subjects ���.

Published
2022
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77. Additional file 1 of Obesity indicators as mediators of association between daytime napping and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study

Author

Xiao, Jing Yi, Zhang, Wei Sen, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jin, Ya Li, Zhu, Feng, Cheng, Kar Keung, Lam, Tai Hing, and Xu, Lin

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Regression coefficients for obesity indicators and fasting plasma glucose by daytime napping status in 29,355 participants in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Supplementary Table 2. Association between daytime napping with impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus with mediation by body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio in 29,355 participants in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Supplementary Table 3. Association between daytime napping and fasting plasma glucose with mediation by body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio in 27,018 participants without type 2 diabetes history in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

Published
2022
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90. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

Author

Iurilli, Maria L. C., Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E., Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Sophiea, Marisa K., Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Solomon, Bethlehem D., Taddei, Cristina, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Stevens, Gretchen A., Riley, Leanne M., Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J., Bovet, Pascal, Damasceno, Albertino, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hayes, Alison J., Ikeda, Nayu, Jackson, Rod T., Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Liu, Jing, Miranda, J. Jaime, Saidi, Olfa, Sebert, Sylvain, Soric, Maroje, Starc, Gregor, Gregg, Edward W., Abarca-Gomez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmed, Soheir H., Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M., Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M., Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Amiri, Parisa, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Angquist, Lars, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araujo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F., Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicova, Maria, Avi, Shina, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha, Jorgensen, Maja Boksgaard, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L., Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Aluisio Jd, Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Rosangela L., Battakova, Zhamilya, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Bia, Daniel, Lele, Elysee Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram M., Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J., Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G., Bogova, Elena, Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bojesen, Stig E., Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn C. E., Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breda, Joao, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Brian, Garry R., Brinduse, Lacramioara, Brophy, Sinead, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Bugge, Anna, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, Cabrera de Leon, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, Jose, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Canete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario, Capkova, Nadezda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardol, Marloes, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Joana, Casajus, Jose A., Casanueva, Felipe F., Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Cesar, Juraci A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nish, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G. [UNESP], Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Corpeleijn, Eva, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Crujeiras, Ana B., Csilla, Semanova, Cucu, Alexandra M., Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe, Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina, D'Arrigo, Graziella, D'Orsi, Eleonora, Dacica, Liliana, Dal Re Saavedra, Maria Angeles, Dallongeville, Jean, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, Gaetano, Giovanni de, De Henauw, Stefaan, Oliveira, Paula Duarte de, De Ridder, David, De Ridder, Karin, Rooij, Susanne R. de, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., DeGennaro, Vincent, Dehghan, Abbas, Delisle, Helene, Delpeuch, Francis, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deren, Katarzyna, Deschamps, Valerie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F., Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz-Sanchez, Maria Elena, Diaz, Alejandro, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Djordjic, Visnja, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P., Doring, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dorosty, Ahmad Reza, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duan, Jia Li, Duante, Charmaine A., Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B., Duleva, Vesselka, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dumith, Samuel C., Dushpanova, Anar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Egbagbe, Eruke E., Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elliott, Paul, Engle-Stone, Reina, Enguerran, Macia, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G., Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhretdinova, Albina A., Fall, Caroline H., Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Sant'Angelo, Victoria Farrugia, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandes, Romulo A. [UNESP], Fernandez-Berges, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M., Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiro, Thamara Hubler, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Gunther, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., Franco, Maria do Carmo, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujiati, Isti I., Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Gafencu, Mihai, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galeone, Daniela, Galfo, Myriam, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia-Solano, Marta, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Araujo Gaya, Adroaldo Cesar, Gaya, Anelise Reis, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geiger, Harald, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K., Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Godos, Justyna, Gogen, Sibel, Goldberg, Marcel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A., Goltzman, David, Gomez, Santiago F., Gomula, Aleksandra, Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves, Goncalves, Helen, Gonzalez-Chica, David A., Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, Gonzalez-Leon, Margot, Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P., Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R., Gottrand, Frederic, Graca, Antonio Pedro, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dusan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Gregor, Ronald D., Grodzicki, Tomasz, Groholt, Else Karin, Grontved, Anders, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela, Guallar-Castillon, Pilar, Gualtieri, Andrea, Gudmundsson, Elias F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L., Gulliford, Martin C., Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J., Guo, Xiu-Hua, Guo, Yin, Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A., Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjaer, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R., Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu A. M., Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Kumar, Rachakulla Hari, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, He, Jiang, He, Yuan, He, Yuna, Heidinger-Felso, Regina, Heinen, Mirjam, Hejgaard, Tatjana, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera, Victor M., Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G., Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C., Hobbs, Michael, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Homs, Clara, Hopman, Wilma M., Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Hormiga, Claudia M., Horta, Bernardo L., Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Thein Thein Htay, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, Jose Maria, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huu, Chinh Nguyen, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Hyska, Jolanda, Iacoviello, Licia, Ibarluzea, Jesus M., Ibrahim, Mohsen M., Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim, Ikram, M. Arfan, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E., Ishida, Takafumi, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jacobs, Jeremy M., Jaddou, Hashem Y., Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamil, Kazi M., Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelakovic, Ana, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O., Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J., Jonas, Jost B., Jonnagaddala, Jitendra, Jorgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jovic, Dragana P., Jozwiak, Jacek J., Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Simina, Iulia Jurca, Juresa, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaducu, Felix O., Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O., Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kameli, Yves, Kampmann, Freja B., Kanala, Kodanda R., Kannan, Srinivasan, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karakosta, Argyro, Karhus, Line L., Karki, Khem B., Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M., Keil, Ulrich, Boker, Lital Keinan, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han C. G., Kengne, Andre P., Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Khouw, Ilse M. S. L., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Kim, Jeongseon, Kindblom, Jenny M., Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klimont, Jeannette, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Konig, Jurgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kovacs, Viktoria A., Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S., Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M., Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R. Krishna, Kunesova, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S., Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Quang Ngoc La, Laamiri, Fatima Zahra, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Lam, Tai Hing, Lambrinou, Christina-Paulina, Landais, Edwige, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Lauria, Laura, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Le Coroller, Gwenaelle, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Le Port, Agnes, Le, Tuyen D., Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lee, Paul H., Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimaki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S., Li, Yanping, Liivak, Merike, Lilly, Christa L., Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Lijuan, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Khuong Quynh Long, Lopes, Luis, Lopes, Oscar, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A., Eugenio Lozano, Jose, Lukrafka, Janice L., Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lunogelo, Charles, Lustigova, Michala, Luszczki, Edyta, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Ma, Xu, Machado-Coelho, George L. 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Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Hellen Med Assoc Obes, Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Aarhus Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Univ Munster, Israel Ctr Dis Control, Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, South African Med Res Council, Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Res Inst Child Nutr, Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Univ Cambridge, Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Hypertens Res Ctr, Med Univ Innsbruck, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Yonsei Univ, Natl Canc Ctr, Univ Coll South Denmark, Stat Austria, BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Univ Vienna, Tartu Univ Clin, Kansai Med Univ, Hungarian Sch Sport Federat, Minist Hlth & Qual Life, Univ Hosp Ulm, North West Univ, Univ Jyvaskyla, Amrita Inst Med Sci, Inst Endocrinol, All India Inst Med Sci, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hassan First Univ Settat, Harokopio Univ, Sahlgrens Acad, Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Univ Publ Hlth, Int Food Policy Res Inst, Natl Univ Singapore, Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Tampere Univ Hosp, Univ Douala, Univ Cape Town, Natl Inst Hlth Dev, West Virginia Univ, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Rene Rachou Res Inst, Natl Taiwan Univ, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Uppsala Univ, Taipei Med Univ, Sports Med Ctr Minho, Univ San Martin Porres, Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Norrbotten Cty Council, Ilembula Lutheran Hosp, Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr, Inst Neurosci Natl Res Council, Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Agr Univ Athens, Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, SB RAS Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Univ Otago, Univ Padua, Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Loughborough Univ, Lausanne Univ Hosp, Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca, CIBERCV, Mary Immaculate Coll, Emory Univ, Hungarian Soc Sports Med, Paracelsus Med Univ, Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, Sherikashmir Inst Med Sci, UiT Arctic Univ Norway, ICMR Natl Ctr Dis Informat & Res, Cape Peninsula Univ Technol, Brown Univ, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Univ Edinburgh, Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Robert Koch Inst, Univ Lisbon, Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Democritus Univ, Grigore T Popa Univ Med & Pharm, Univ Firenze, Ain Shams Univ, Isfahan Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Univ Strasbourg, Mulago Hosp, Univ San Carlos, Univ Limpopo, Univ Med Sci Cienfuegos, Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Trobe Univ, Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Dept Publ Hlth, Univ Brescia, Minist Hlth & Social Protect, Univ Limerick, Croatian Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bushehr Univ Med Sci, Ulm Univ, Dept Stat, Kobe Univ, Suraj Eye Inst, UNICEF, Univ Med Greifswald, Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi Med Univ, LifeDoc Hlth, Heartfile, Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Univ Manchester, State Univ Med & Pharm, Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Istanbul Univ, Univ Fed Parana, Univ Madeira, Univ Puerto Rico, Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, UniSante, Inst Canc Res, Univ Wisconsin, Heidelberg Univ, IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Zayed Univ, Catholic Univ Daegu, Univ Med Pharm Sci & Technol Targu Mures, Jivandeep Hosp, Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Univ Malaga, Univ Hosp Varese, Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Univ Sarajevo, Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Pisa Univ Hosp, Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Inst Hosp del Mar Invest Med, Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Alborz Univ Med Sci, Pure Earth, Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Univ Turku, Inst Univ Invest Atenc Primaria Jordi Gol, Univ Putra Malaysia, Univ Malaya, Sotiria Hosp, Univ Valencia, Univ Philippines, Slovak Acad Sci, Nutr Res Fdn, Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Univ Nove Julho, Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Canarian Hlth Serv, Univ Ind Santander, Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Univ Minho, Fiji Natl Univ, Spanish Nutr Fdn, Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Inst Food Sci Natl Res Council, Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, Kindergarten Avlonari, Natl Inst Hlth, Catalan Dept Hlth, Biodonostia Hlth Res Inst, Inst Saude Ambiental, South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, McMaster Univ, Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Rigshosp, Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Midnorway, Lagos State Univ, Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Comenius Univ, Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Nippon Med Sch, Sungkyunkwan Univ, Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, St Vincents Hosp, Nes Municipal, Hlth Polytech Jakarta II Inst, Diponegoro Univ, Univ Bari, Inst Reg Sante Publ, Univ Bordeaux, Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Univ Leuven, Lamprecht & Stamm Sozialforsch & Beratung AG, Univ Bonn, Kalina Malina Kindergarten, Jikei Univ, Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Natl Stat Off, Natl Inst Publ Hlth Natl Inst Hyg, Sci Res Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Univ Lincoln, Cent Univ Kerala, Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Hlth Serv Murcia, Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, Univ Bologna, Hellen Hlth Fdn, Govt Med Coll, Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Addis Ababa Univ, Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Meharry Med Coll, Dokuz Eylul Univ, Univ Tampere, Sabiha Gokcen Ilkokulu, Polytech Inst Porto, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Univ CEU San Pablo, Univ Miguel Hernandez, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Sunflower Nursery Sch, North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Univ Witwatersrand, Med Univ Vienna, Cork Inst Technol, Inst Med Res, Xinjiang Med Univ, Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Rebro Univ, St Georges Univ London, Univ Indonesia, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Fudan Univ, Univ Cyprus, Niigata Univ, Int Med Univ, Iran Univ Med Sci, Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Care, Peking Univ First Hosp, Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sun Yat Sen Univ, West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Inner Mongolia Med Univ, and Przedszkole 81

Subjects
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics, Science & Technology, AUSTRALIAN ADULTS, CHINESE ADULTS, nutritional and metabolic diseases, MALNUTRITION, TRENDS, DOUBLE BURDEN, PREVALENCE, POOLED ANALYSIS, US ADULTS, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, HEALTH, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Biology
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:08:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-09 Wellcome Trust From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. 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State Of Palest, Israel Usmanu Danfodiyo Univ Teaching Hosp, Sokoto, Nigeria Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Flinders Univ S Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia Mahidol Univ, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand BRAC James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Food & Nutr Res Inst, Taguig, Philippines Urmia Univ Med Sci, Orumiyeh, Iran Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nut, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Shahrekord, Iran Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany Republican Ctr Hlth Promot, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Natl Ctr Diabet Endocrinol & Genet, Amman, Jordan Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Kuwait, Kuwait King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Dasman Diabet Inst, Kuwait, Kuwait Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg Aldara Hosp & Med Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia King Abdullah Int Med Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Bispebjerg & Frederiksberg Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Barcelona Inst Global Hlth CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain World Hlth Org Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt Bombay Hosp & Med Res Ctr, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Res Ctr Social Determinants Hlth, Tehran, Iran UMR CNRS MNHN 7206 Ecoanthropologie, Paris, France Univ Lille, Lille, France Lille Univ Hosp, Lille, France Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Sogndal, Norway Norwegian Sch Sport Sci, Oslo, Norway Madras Diabet Res Fdn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Zahedan, Iran Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Tunis, Tunisia Univ Porto, Inst Publ Hlth, Porto, Portugal Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA Abt Associates Inc, Kathmandu, Nepal Univ Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland Univ Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Univ Med 1, Yangon, Myanmar Banska Bystrica Reg Author Publ Hlth, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Univ Porto, Med Sch, Porto, Portugal Neyshabur Univ Med Sci, Neyshabur, Iran Res Inst Endocrine Sci, Tehran, Iran Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Sci & Technol, Sanaa, Yemen Med Univ Lodz, Lodz, Poland Med Univ Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland Univ Autonoma Madrid CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain Univ Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Univ Palermo, Palermo, Italy Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA Mohammed V Univ Rabat, Rabat, Morocco Univ Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Baqai Inst Diabetol & Endocrinol, Karachi, Pakistan Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Irbid, Jordan Univ Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, Brazil Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Fed Minist Social Affairs Hlth Care & Consumer Pr, Vienna, Austria Cafam Univ Fdn, Bogota, Colombia Kazakh Natl Med Univ, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil BJ Med Coll, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India Chirayu Med Coll, New Delhi, India Sunder Lal Jain Hosp, Delhi, India Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada Shandong Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Jinan, Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China Univ Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay Inst Med Res & Med Plant Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon Ufa Eye Res Inst, Ufa, Russia Nepal Hlth Res Council, Kathmandu, Nepal Univ Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro Univ Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands Univ Turin, Turin, Italy UCL, London, England Liverpool John Moores Univ, Liverpool, Merseyside, England Nanyang Technol Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore German Inst Human Nutr, Potsdam, Germany Endocrinol Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia Ctr Educ Med & Invest Clin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy Toulouse Univ, Sch Med, Toulouse, France Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Univ Hosp KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Flemish Agcy Care & Hlth, Brussels, Belgium Univ Ghent, Ghent, Belgium FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands Univ Cent Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela Bielefeld Univ, Bielefeld, Germany World Hlth Org Reg Off Europe, Moscow, Russia German Canc Res Ctr, Heidelberg, Germany Fred Hollows Fdn, Auckland, New Zealand Univ Med & Pharm Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Swansea Univ, Swansea, W Glam, Wales Univ Coll Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Inst Publ Hlth, Tirana, Albania Munster Technol Univ, Cork, Ireland Univ La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain Univ Malta, Msida, Malta Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA Minist Hlth, Tongatapu, Tonga Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada Hosp Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil Minist Publ Hlth, Asuncion, Paraguay Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Prague, Czech Republic Gaetano Fucito Hosp, Mercato San Severino, Italy Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Karolinska Inst, Huddinge, Sweden Ctr Estudios Nutr Infantil, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Porto, Porto, Portugal Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Santiago de Compostela Univ, Santiago De Compostela, Spain Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey Council Agr Res & Econ, Rome, Italy Fed Univ Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil India Diabet Res Fdn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Duke NUS Med Sch, Singapore, Singapore ICMR Natl Inst Med Stat, New Delhi, India Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore Acad Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Capital Inst Pediat, Beijing, Peoples R China Duke Univ, Durham, NH USA Kailuan Gen Hosp, Tangshan, Peoples R China Univ Oxford, Oxford, England Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Ahvaz, Iran Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy 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Madrid, Spain Indian Stat Inst, Kolkata, India Tabriz Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran Geneva Univ Hosp, Geneva, Switzerland Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Natl Res Ctr Prevent Med, Moscow, Russia Innovating Hlth Int, Port Au Prince, Haiti Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada French Natl Res Inst Sustainable Dev, Montpellier, France French Publ Hlth Agcy, St Maurice, France Mediterranea Cardioctr, Naples, Italy Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil Natl Inst Hyg Epidemiol & Microbiol, Havana, Cuba Natl Council Sci & Tech Res, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Tehran, Iran Univ Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Natl Inst Nutr, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Ist Super Sanita, Rome, Italy Univ Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Minist Sante & Hyg Publ, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire Univ Hosp Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany Natl Inst Cardiol, Warsaw, Poland Beijing Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China UMI 3189 ESS, Marseille, France Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy Univ Latvia, Riga, Latvia Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Gizo, Solomon Islands Hormozgan Univ Med Sci, Bandar Abbas, Iran Univ Benin, Benin, Nigeria Univ Skovde, Skovde, Sweden Natl Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Tunis, Tunisia Univ West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA Univ Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa Univ Duisburg Essen, Duisburg, Germany Karadeniz Tech Univ, Trabzon, Turkey Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Rafsanjan, Iran Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Tabriz, Iran Fasa Univ Med Sci, Fasa, Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Shiraz, Iran Baqai Med Univ, Karachi, Pakistan Ctr Salud Villanueva Norte, Badajoz, Spain Hosp Don Benito Villanueva Serena, Badajoz, Spain Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Insubria, Varese, Italy Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile Inst Mother & Child Hlth, Warsaw, Poland Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland Univ Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Univ Sains Malaysia, Kota Baharu, Kelantan, Malaysia Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Univ Son Espases, Palma De Mallorca, Spain Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Kindai Univ, Osaka, Japan Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan Med Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Jagiellonian Univ, Med Coll, Krakow, Poland Minist Salute DG Prevenz Sanit, Rome, Italy Univ Catania, Catania, Italy CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Alicante, Spain Africa Hlth Res Inst, Mtubatuba, South Africa Univ Geneva, Med Sch, Geneva, Switzerland CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Villejuif, France Minist Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada Gasol Fdn, Barcelona, Spain PASs Hirszfeld Inst Immunol & Expt Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain St Annes Univ Hosp, Brno, Czech Republic Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Ctr Estudios Diabet AC, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Autonoma Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Minist Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal Inst Clin & Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic Childrens Mem Hlth Inst, Warsaw, Poland Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Author Sanitaria San Marino, San Marino, CA USA Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland Univ Icesi, Cali, Colombia Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil Kings Coll London, London, England Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France Capital Med Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China Capital Med Univ, Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Navi Mumbai, India Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Natl Hlth Insurance Serv, Wonju, South Korea Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Res & Educ Inst Child Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus Danish Canc Soc Res Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Kermanshah, Iran Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China Int Hellen Univ, Thessaloniki, Greece Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka, Japan Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA USA Natl Res Inst Hlth & Family Planning, Beijing, Peoples R China Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Pecs, Pecs, Hungary Danish Hlth Author, Copenhagen, Denmark Joep Lange Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Oulu Univ Hosp, Oulu, Finland Univ Autonoma Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland Chron Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Kingston Hlth Sci Ctr, Kingston, ON, Canada Fdn Oftalmol Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Univ Oran 1, Oran, Algeria Nay Pyi Taw, Independent Publ Hlth Specialist, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Minist Hlth & Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Peking Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Bucharest, Romania Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands Amer Univ Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, San Sebastian, Spain Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands Med Univ Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Deakin Univ, Geelong, Vic, Australia Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Gerontol, Tokyo, Japan Hadassah Univ Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Trondheim, Norway Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Sports Univ Tirana, Tirana, Albania Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Univ Zagreb, Sch Med, Zagreb, Croatia Heart Fdn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Guangzhou 12th Hosp, Guangzhou, Peoples R China Univ Eugenio Maria Hostos, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC, Canada Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland Univ New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia World Hlth Org Country Off, Delhi, India Guilan Univ Med Sci, Rasht, Iran Inst Publ Hlth, Belgrade, Serbia Univ Opole, Opole, Poland Finnish Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland Gulu Univ, Gulu, Uganda Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India Sree Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Hellen Med Assoc Obes, Athens, Greece Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Athens, Greece Maharajgunj Med Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Univ Munster, Munster, Germany Israel Ctr Dis Control, Ramat Gan, Israel Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Esfahan, Iran Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Res Inst Child Nutr, Dortmund, Germany Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Sari, Iran Hypertens Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran Med Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea Natl Canc Ctr, Goyang Si, South Korea Univ Coll South Denmark, Haderslev, Denmark Stat Austria, Vienna, Austria BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Dharan, Nepal Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria Tartu Univ Clin, Tartu, Estonia Kansai Med Univ, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan Hungarian Sch Sport Federat, Budapest, Hungary Minist Hlth & Qual Life, Port Louis, Mauritius Univ Hosp Ulm, Ulm, Germany North West Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland Inst Publ Hlth, Podgorica, Montenegro Amrita Inst Med Sci, Cochin, Kerala, India Inst Endocrinol, Prague, Czech Republic All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam Hassan First Univ Settat, Settat, Morocco Minist Hlth, Algiers, Algeria Harokopio Univ, Athens, Greece Sahlgrens Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Publ Hlth, Yangon, Myanmar Int Food Policy Res Inst, Dakar, Senegal Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland Univ Douala, Douala, Cameroon Univ Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Rene Rachou Res Inst, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden Taipei Med Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Sports Med Ctr Minho, Braga, Portugal Univ San Martin Porres, Lima, Peru Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Valladolid, Spain Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Norrbotten Cty Council, Lulea, Sweden Ilembula Lutheran Hosp, Ilembula, Iran Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr, Coimbra, Portugal Inst Neurosci Natl Res Council, Padua, Italy Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Agr Univ Athens, Athens, Greece Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil SB RAS Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Novosibirsk, Russia Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Univ Padua, Padua, Italy Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Siteia, Greece Loughborough Univ, Loughborough, 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Stockholm, Sweden Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Hanoi Med Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam LifeDoc Hlth, Memphis, TN USA Heartfile, Islamabad, Pakistan Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Amman, Jordan Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England State Univ Med & Pharm, Kishinev, Moldova Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cheongju, South Korea Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey Minist Hlth, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Madeira, Funchal, Portugal Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, Glostrup, Denmark MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana UniSante, Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Canc Res, Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg, Germany IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Bari, Italy Zayed Univ, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates Catholic Univ Daegu, Daegu, South Korea Univ Med Pharm Sci & Technol Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania Jivandeep Hosp, Anand, Gujarat, India South African Med Res Council, Durban, South Africa Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Univ Malaga, Malaga, Spain Univ Hosp Varese, Varese, Italy Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Hanoi, Vietnam Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Bremen, Germany Univ Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Udine, Italy Pisa Univ Hosp, Pisa, Italy Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Honiara, Solomon Islands Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Inst Hosp del Mar Invest Med, Barcelona, Spain Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Ardebil, Iran Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Riga, Latvia Alborz Univ Med Sci, Karaj, Iran Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam Pure Earth, Dhaka, Bangladesh Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh Univ Turku, Turku, Finland Inst Univ Invest Atenc Primaria Jordi Gol, Girona, Spain Univ Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sotiria Hosp, Athens, Greece Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain Univ Philippines, Manila, Philippines Slovak Acad Sci, Bratislava, Slovakia Nutr Res Fdn, Barcelona, Spain Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Palma De Mallorca, Spain Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Nove Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada Canarian Hlth Serv, Tenerife, Spain Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy Univ Minho, Braga, Portugal Fiji Natl Univ, Suva, Fiji Spanish Nutr Fdn, Madrid, Spain Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden Inst Food Sci Natl Res Council, Avellino, Italy Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, New Delhi, India Kindergarten Avlonari, Evia, Greece Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia Catalan Dept Hlth, Barcelona, Spain Biodonostia Hlth Res Inst, San Sebastian, Spain Inst Saude Ambiental, Lisbon, Portugal South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, Lappeenranta, Finland McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada Natl Canc Ctr, Tokyo, Japan Univ Sao Paulo Clin Hosp, Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Midnorway, Trondheim, Norway Lagos State Univ, Coll Med, Lagos, Nigeria Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain Comenius Univ, Bratislava, Slovakia Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia Nippon Med Sch, Tokyo, Japan Sungkyunkwan Univ, Seoul, South Korea Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, Kathmandu, Nepal St Vincents Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia Nes Municipal, Aarnes, Norway Hlth Polytech Jakarta II Inst, Jakarta, Indonesia Diponegoro Univ, Semarang, Indonesia Univ Bari, Bari, Italy Inst Reg Sante Publ, Ouidah, Benin Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Oslo, Norway Inst Publ Hlth, Skopje, North Macedonia Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Lamprecht & Stamm Sozialforsch & Beratung AG, Zurich, Switzerland Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Nancy, France Univ Bonn, Bonn, Germany Sotiria Hosp, Sotiria, Greece Kalina Malina Kindergarten, Pazardjik, Bulgaria Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Natl Stat Off, Praia, Cape Verde Natl Inst Publ Hlth Natl Inst Hyg, Warsaw, Poland Deakin Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia Sci Res Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan Univ Lincoln, Lincoln, England Minist Hlth, Amman, Jordan UNICEF, Niamey, Niger Cent Univ Kerala, Kasaragod, India Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands Hlth Serv Murcia, Murcia, Spain Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, Menorca, Spain Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy Hellen Hlth Fdn, Athens, Greece Govt Med Coll, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Ga Rankuwa, South Africa Addis Ababa Univ, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Minist Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN 37208 USA Dokuz Eylul Univ, Izmir, Turkey Univ Tampere, Tays Eye Ctr, Tampere, Finland Sabiha Gokcen Ilkokulu, Ankara, Turkey Polytech Inst Porto, Porto, Portugal Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA Univ CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain CNR, Pisa, Italy Univ Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Sunflower Nursery Sch, Craiova, Romania North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Joensuu, Finland Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria Cork Inst Technol, Cork, Ireland Inst Med Res, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Xinjiang Med Univ, Urumqi, Peoples R China Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Shanghai, Peoples R China Minist Hlth, Auckland, New Zealand Rebro Univ, Rebro, Sweden St Georges Univ London, London, England Univ Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Inst Food & Nutr Dev, Beijing, Peoples R China Fudan Univ, Childrens Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan Int Med Univ, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Iraklion, Greece Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Care, Srinagar, India Peking Univ First Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan Inner Mongolia Med Univ, Hohhot, Peoples R China Przedszkole 81, Warsaw, Poland Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil

Published
2021

96. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author

Zhou, Bin Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M. Danaei, Goodarz Riley, Leanne M. Paciorek, Christopher J. Stevens, Gretchen A. and Gregg, Edward W. Bennett, James E. Solomon, Bethlehem and Singleton, Rosie K. Sophiea, Marisa K. Iurilli, Maria L. C. and Lhoste, Victor P. F. Cowan, Melanie J. Savin, Stefan and Woodward, Mark Balanova, Yulia Cifkova, Renata Damasceno, Albertino Elliott, Paul Farzadfar, Farshad He, Jiang and Ikeda, Nayu Kengne, Andre P. Khang, Young-Ho Kim, Hyeon Chang Laxmaiah, Avula Lin, Hsien-Ho Margozzini Maira, Paula and Miranda, J. Jaime Neuhauser, Hannelore Sundstrom, Johan and Varghese, Cherian Widyahening, Indah S. Zdrojewski, Tomasz and Ezzati, Majid Abarca-Gomez, Leandra Abdeen, Ziad A. Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin and Adams, Robert J. Aekplakorn, Wichai Afsana, Kaosar and Afzal, Shoaib Agdeppa, Imelda A. Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad and Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A. Agyemang, Charles Ahmad, Noor Ani and Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Naser Ahmadi, Nastaran Ahmadizar, Fariba and Ahmed, Soheir H. Ahrens, Wolfgang Ajlouni, Kamel and Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alarouj, Monira AlBuhairan, Fadia and AlDhukair, Shahla Ali, Mohamed M. Alkandari, Abdullah and Alkerwi, Ala'a Allin, Kristine Aly, Eman Amarapurkar, Deepak N. Amougou, Norbert Amouyel, Philippe Andersen, Lars Bo and Anderssen, Sigmund A. Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Ansong, Daniel Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer Araujo, Joana and Ariansen, Inger Aris, Tahir Arku, Raphael E. Arlappa, Nimmathota Aryal, Krishna K. Aspelund, Thor Assah, Felix K. and Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F. Auvinen, Juha Avdicova, Maria and Azevedo, Ana Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen Azizi, Fereidoun Azmin, Mehrdad Babu, Bontha V. Bahijri, Suhad Balakrishna, Nagalla and Balanova, Yulia Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed Banach, Maciej and Banadinovic, Maja Bandosz, Piotr Banegas, Jose R. Baran, Joanna Barbagallo, Carlo M. Barcelo, Alberto Barkat, Amina and Barreto, Marta Barros, Aluisio J. D. Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio Bartosiewicz, Anna Basit, Abdul Bastos, Joao Luiz D. Bata, Iqbal Batieha, Anwar M. Batyrbek, Assembekov and Baur, Louise A. Beaglehole, Robert Belavendra, Antonisamy and Ben Romdhane, Habiba Benet, Mikhail Bennett, James E. and Benson, Lowell S. Berkinbayev, Salim Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio and Bettiol, Heloisa Bezerra, Jorge Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor Bhargava, Santosh K. Bia, Daniel Biasch, Katia Lele, Elysee Claude Bika Bikbov, Mukharram M. Bista, Bihungum Bjerregaard, Peter and Bjertness, Espen Bjertness, Marius B. Bjorkelund, Cecilia and Bloch, Katia V. Blokstra, Anneke Bo, Simona Bobak, Martin Boeing, Heiner Boggia, Jose G. Boissonnet, Carlos P. and Bojesen, Stig E. Bongard, Vanina Bonilla-Vargas, Alice and Bopp, Matthias Borghs, Herman Bovet, Pascal Boyer, Christopher B. Braeckman, Lutgart Brajkovich, Imperia and Branca, Francesco Breckenkamp, Juergen Brenner, Hermann and Brewster, Lizzy M. Briceno, Yajaira Brito, Miguel Bruno, Graziella Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Bueno, Gloria Bugge, Anna Burns, Con Bursztyn, Michael Cabrera de Leon, Antonio and Cacciottolo, Joseph Cameron, Christine Can, Gunay and Candido, Ana Paula C. Capanzana, Mario V. Capkova, Nadezda and Capuano, Eduardo Capuano, Vincenzo Cardoso, Viviane C. and Carlsson, Axel C. Carvalho, Joana Casanueva, Felipe F. and Censi, Laura Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A. Chamukuttan, Snehalatha Chan, Angelique W. and Chan, Queenie Chaturvedi, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Nish Chee, Miao Li Chen, Chien-Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai and Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Cheng, Ching-Yu Cheraghian, Bahman Dekkaki, Imane Cherkaoui Chetrit, Angela Chien, Kuo-Liong Chiolero, Arnaud Chiou, Shu-Ti Chirita-Emandi, Adela Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores Cho, Belong Christensen, Kaare Christofaro, Diego G. Chudek, Jerzy Cifkova, Renata and Cinteza, Eliza Claessens, Frank Clarke, Janine Clays, Els Cohen, Emmanuel Concin, Hans Cooper, Cyrus and Coppinger, Tara C. Costanzo, Simona Cottel, Dominique and Cowell, Chris Craig, Cora L. Crampin, Amelia C. Crujeiras, Ana B. Cruz, Juan J. Csilla, Semanova Cui, Liufu Cureau, Felipe V. Cuschieri, Sarah D'Arrigo, Graziella d'Orsi, Eleonora Dallongeville, Jean Damasceno, Albertino Danaei, Goodarz Dankner, Rachel Dantoft, Thomas M. Dauchet, Luc and Davletov, Kairat De Backer, Guy De Bacquer, Dirk De Curtis, Amalia de Gaetano, Giovanni De Henauw, Stefaan de Oliveira, Paula Duarte De Ridder, David De Smedt, Delphine Deepa, Mohan Deev, Alexander D. DeGennaro, Vincent Jr Delisle, Helene Demarest, Stefaan Dennison, Elaine Deschamps, Valerie and Dhimal, Meghnath Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F. Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares Diaz, Alejandro Dickerson, Ty T. Dika, Zivka and Djalalinia, Shirin Do, Ha T. P. Dobson, Annette J. and Donfrancesco, Chiara Donoso, Silvana P. Doering, Angela and Dorobantu, Maria Doerr, Marcus Doua, Kouamelan Dragano, Nico and Drygas, Wojciech Duante, Charmaine A. Duboz, Priscilla and Duda, Rosemary B. Dulskiene, Virginija Dushpanova, Anar and Dzakula, Aleksandar Dzerve, Vilnis Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta Eddie, Ricky Eftekhar, Ebrahim Eggertsen, Robert and Eghtesad, Sareh Eiben, Gabriele Ekelund, Ulf El-Khateeb, Mohammad El Ati, Jalila Eldemire-Shearer, Denise Eliasen, Marie Elliott, Paul Elosua, Roberto Erasmus, Rajiv T. and Erbel, Raimund Erem, Cihangir Eriksen, Louise Eriksson, Johan G. Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge Eslami, Saeid Esmaeili, Ali Evans, Alun Faeh, David Fakhretdinova, Albina A. and Fall, Caroline H. Faramarzi, Elnaz Farjam, Mojtaba and Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Mohammad Reza Fawwad, Asher and Felix-Redondo, Francisco J. Felix, Stephan B. Ferguson, Trevor S. Fernandes, Romulo A. Fernandez-Berges, Daniel Ferrante, Daniel Ferrao, Thomas Ferrari, Marika Ferrario, Marco M. and Ferreccio, Catterina Ferreira, Haroldo S. Ferrer, Eldridge and Ferrieres, Jean Figueiro, Thamara Hubler Fink, Gunther and Fischer, Krista Foo, Leng Huat Forsner, Maria Fouad, Heba M. and Francis, Damian K. Franco, Maria do Carmo Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth Frontera, Guillermo Fuchs, Flavio D. Fuchs, Sandra C. and Fujita, Yuki Fumihiko, Matsuda Furdela, Viktoriya Furer, Ariel Furusawa, Takuro Gaciong, Zbigniew Galbarczyk, Andrzej and Galenkamp, Henrike Galvano, Fabio Gao, Jingli Gao, Pei and Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli Garcia, Pablo Gareta, Dickman and Garnett, Sarah P. Gaspoz, Jean-Michel Gasull, Magda and Gazzinelli, Andrea Gehring, Ulrike Geleijnse, Johanna M. and George, Ronnie Ghanbari, Ali Ghasemi, Erfan Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina Ghimire, Anup Gialluisi, Alessandro and Giampaoli, Simona Gieger, Christian Gill, Tiffany K. and Giovannelli, Jonathan Gironella, Glen Giwercman, Aleksander and Gkiouras, Konstantinos Goldberg, Marcel Goldsmith, Rebecca A. and Gomez, Luis F. Gomula, Aleksandra Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves Goncalves, Helen Goncalves, Mauer Gonzalez-Chica, David A. Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P. and Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena and Gonzalez, Angel R. Bonet Gorbea, Mariano Gottrand, Frederic and Graff-Iversen, Sidsel Grafnetter, Dusan Grajda, Aneta and Grammatikopoulou, Maria G. Gregor, Ronald D. Grodzicki, Tomasz and Grosso, Giuseppe Gruden, Gabriella Gu, Dongfeng Guan, Ong Peng Gudmundsson, Elias F. Gudnason, Vilmundur Guerrero, Ramiro Guessous, Idris Guimaraes, Andre L. Gulliford, Martin C. Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna Gunter, Marc J. Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Rajeev Gureje, Oye Gurzkowska, Beata and Gutierrez, Laura Gutzwiller, Felix Ha, Seongjun Hadaegh, Farzad Haghshenas, Rosa Hakimi, Hamid Halkjaer, Jytte and Hambleton, Ian R. Hamzeh, Behrooz Hange, Dominique Hanif, Abu A. M. Hantunen, Sari Hao, Jie Hardman, Carla Meneses and Kumar, Rachakulla Hari Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad Hata, Jun and Haugsgjerd, Teresa Hayes, Alison J. He, Jiang He, Yuna and Heier, Margit Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth Henrique, Rafael dos Santos Henriques, Ana Cadena, Leticia Hernandez Herrala, Sauli Heshmat, Ramin Hill, Allan G. Ho, Sai Yin Ho, Suzanne C. Hobbs, Michael Holdsworth, Michelle Homayounfar, Reza Dinc, Gonul Horasan Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R. Hormiga, Claudia M. Horta, Bernardo L. Houti, Leila Howitt, Christina and Htay, Thein Thein Htet, Aung Soe Htike, Maung Maung Than and Hu, Yonghua Huerta, Jose Maria Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani and Huiart, Laetitia Huisman, Martijn Husseini, Abdullatif S. and Huybrechts, Inge Hwalla, Nahla Iacoviello, Licia Iannone, Anna G. Ibrahim, Mohsen M. Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim Ikeda, Nayu Ikram, M. Arfan Iotova, Violeta Irazola, Vilma E. and Ishida, Takafumi Isiguzo, Godsent C. Islam, Muhammad Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwasaki, Masanori Jackson, Rod T. and Jacobs, Jeremy M. Jaddou, Hashem Y. Jafar, Tazeen James, Kenneth Jamrozik, Konrad Janszky, Imre Janus, Edward and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta Jasienska, Grazyna Jelakovic, Ana and Jelakovic, Bojan Jennings, Garry Jha, Anjani Kumar Jiang, Chao Qiang Jimenez, Ramon O. Joeckel, Karl-Heinz Joffres, Michel Johansson, Mattias Jokelainen, Jari J. Jonas, Jost B. and Jorgensen, Torben Joshi, Pradeep Joukar, Farahnaz and Jozwiak, Jacek Juolevi, Anne Jurak, Gregor Juresa, Vesna and Kaaks, Rudolf Kafatos, Anthony Kajantie, Eero O. and Kalmatayeva, Zhanna Kalpourtzi, Natasa Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra and Kampmann, Freja B. Kannan, Srinivasan Karaglani, Eva and Karhus, Line L. Karki, Khem B. Katibeh, Marzieh Katz, Joanne and Kauhanen, Jussi Kaur, Prabhdeep Kavousi, Maryam and Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M. Keil, Ulrich Boker, Lital Keinan and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka Kelishadi, Roya Kemper, Han C. G. and Kengne, Andre P. Keramati, Maryam Kerimkulova, Alina and Kersting, Mathilde Key, Timothy Khader, Yousef Saleh and Khalili, Davood Khang, Young-Ho Khaw, Kay-Tee Kheiri, Bahareh Kheradmand, Motahareh Khosravi, Alireza and Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula Kiechl, Stefan Killewo, Japhet and Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Hyeon Chang Kim, Jeongseon Klakk, Heidi and Klimek, Magdalena Klumbiene, Jurate Knoflach, Michael and Kolle, Elin Kolsteren, Patrick Kontto, Jukka P. Korpelainen, Raija Korrovits, Paul Kos, Jelena Koskinen, Seppo Kouda, Katsuyasu Kowlessur, Sudhir Koziel, Slawomir Kratenova, Jana and Kriaucioniene, Vilma Kristensen, Peter Lund Krokstad, Steiner Kromhout, Daan Kruger, Herculina S. Kubinova, Ruzena and Kuciene, Renata Kujala, Urho M. Kulaga, Zbigniew Kumar, R. Krishna Kurjata, Pawel Kusuma, Yadlapalli S. Kutsenko, Vladimir Kuulasmaa, Kari Kyobutungi, Catherine Laatikainen, Tiina Lachat, Carl Laid, Youcef Lam, Tai Hing Landrove, Orlando Lanska, Vera Lappas, Georg Larijani, Bagher and Latt, Tint Swe Laxmaiah, Avula Le Coroller, Gwenaelle Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Le, Tuyen D. Lee, Jeannette Lee, Jeonghee and Lehmann, Nils Lehtimaki, Terho Lemogoum, Daniel Levitt, Naomi S. Li, Yanping Lilly, Christa L. Lim, Wei-Yen and Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda Lin, Hsien-Ho Lin, Xu Lin, Yi-Ting and Lind, Lars Lingam, Vijaya Linneberg, Allan Lissner, Lauren Litwin, Mieczyslaw Lo, Wei-Cheng Loit, Helle-Mai and Lopez-Garcia, Esther Lopez, Tania Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Jose Eugenio Lovrencic, Iva Lukacevic Lukrafka, Janice L. and Luksiene, Dalia Lundqvist, Annamari Lundqvist, Robert Lunet, Nuno Lustigova, Michala Luszczki, Edyta Ma, Guansheng and Ma, Jun Machado-Coelho, George L. L. Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M. Macia, Enguerran Macieira, Luisa M. Madar, Ahmed A. Maggi, Stefania Magliano, Dianna J. Magriplis, Emmanuella Mahasampath, Gowri Maire, Bernard Majer, Marjeta and Makdisse, Marcia Malekzadeh, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Reza and Malhotra, Rahul Mallikharjuna, Kodavanti Malyutina, Sofia K. and Maniego, Lynell V. Manios, Yannis Mann, Jim I. and Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz Manzato, Enzo Marcil, Anie and Margozzini, Paula Marild, Staffan B. Glavic, Mihalea Marinovic and Marques-Vidal, Pedro Marques, Larissa Pruner Marrugat, Jaume and Martorell, Reynaldo Mascarenhas, Luis P. Matasin, Marija and Mathiesen, Ellisiv B. Mathur, Prashant Matijasevich, Alicia and Matlosz, Piotr Matsha, Tandi E. Mavrogianni, Christina and Mbanya, Jean Claude N. Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J. McFarlane, Shelly R. McGarvey, Stephen T. McLachlan, Stela McLean, Rachael M. McLean, Scott B. McNulty, Breige A. Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene Medzioniene, Jurate Mehdipour, Parinaz and Mehlig, Kirsten Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang Meirhaeghe, Aline and Meisinger, Christa Mendoza Montano, Carlos Menezes, Ana Maria B. and Menon, Geetha R. Mereke, Alibek Meshram, Indrapal I. and Metspalu, Andres Meyer, Haakon E. Mi, Jie Michels, Nathalie and Mikkel, Kairit Milkowska, Karolina Miller, Jody C. and Minderico, Claudia S. Mini, G. K. Miranda, J. Jaime and Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza Mirrakhimov, Erkin Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta Modesti, Pietro A. Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi Mohajer, Bahram Mohamed, Mostafa K. Mohamed, Shukri F. Mohammad, Kazem Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Zahra and Mohammadifard, Noushin Mohammadpourhodki, Reza Mohan, Viswanathan Mohanna, Salim Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd and Mohebbi, Iraj Mohebi, Farnam Moitry, Marie Mollehave, Line T. Molnar, Denes Momenan, Amirabbas Mondo, Charles K. and Monterrubio-Flores, Eric Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K. Moon, Jin Soo Moosazadeh, Mahmood Moreira, Leila B. Morejon, Alain and Moreno, Luis A. Morgan, Karen Moschonis, George Mossakowska, Malgorzata Mostafa, Aya Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali Mota, Jorge and Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel Motta, Jorge Andre Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos Mridha, Malay K. Msyamboza, Kelias P. Mu, Thet Thet and Muhihi, Alfa J. Muiesan, Maria L. Muller-Nurasyid, Martina and Murphy, Neil Mursu, Jaakko Musa, Kamarul Imran and Milanovic, Sanja Music Musil, Vera Mustafa, Norlaila and Nabipour, Iraj Naderimagham, Shohreh Nagel, Gabriele Naidu, Balkish M. Najafi, Farid Nakamura, Harunobu Namesna, Jana and Nang, Ei Ei K. Nangia, Vinay B. Narake, Sameer Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba Neal, William A. Nejatizadeh, Azim Nenko, Ilona and Neovius, Martin Neuhauser, Hannelore K. Nguyen, Chung T. and Nguyen, Nguyen D. Nguyen, Quang V. Quang Ngoc Nguyen and Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E. Niiranen, Teemu J. Nikitin, Yury P. and Ninomiya, Toshiharu Nishtar, Sania Njelekela, Marina A. and Noale, Marianna Noboa, Oscar A. Noorbala, Ahmad Ali Norat, Teresa Nordendahl, Maria Nordestgaard, Borge G. Noto, Davide and Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia Al Nsour, Mohannad Nunes, Baltazar O'Neill, Terence W. O'Reilly, Dermot Ochimana, Caleb Oda, Eiji Odili, Augustine N. Oh, Kyungwon Ohara, Kumiko Ohtsuka, Ryutaro Olie, Valerie Olinto, Maria Teresa A. Oliveira, Isabel O. Omar, Mohd Azahadi Onat, Altan and Ong, Sok King Ono, Lariane M. Ordunez, Pedro Ornelas, Rui and Ortiz, Pedro J. Osmond, Clive Ostojic, Sergej M. and Ostovar, Afshin Otero, Johanna A. Overvad, Kim Owusu-Dabo, Ellis Paccaud, Fred Michel Padez, Cristina Pahomova, Elena and de Paiva, Karina Mary Pajak, Andrzej Palli, Domenico and Palmieri, Luigi Pan, Wen-Harn Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra and Panza, Francesco Paoli, Mariela Papandreou, Dimitrios Park, Soon-Woo Park, Suyeon Parnell, Winsome R. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Pasquet, Patrick Patel, Nikhil D. Pavlyshyn, Halyna Pecin, Ivan Pednekar, Mangesh S. Pedro, Joao M. and Peer, Nasheeta Peixoto, Sergio Viana Peltonen, Markku and Pereira, Alexandre C. Peres, Karen G. D. A. Peres, Marco A. and Peters, Annette Petkeviciene, Janina Peykari, Niloofar Son Thai Pham Pichardo, Rafael N. Pigeot, Iris Pikhart, Hynek and Pilav, Aida Pilotto, Lorenza Pitakaka, Freda Piwonska, Aleksandra Pizarro, Andreia N. Plans-Rubio, Pedro Polasek, Ozren Porta, Miquel Poudyal, Anil Pourfarzi, Farhad and Pourshams, Akram Poustchi, Hossein Pradeepa, Rajendra Price, Alison J. Price, Jacqueline F. Providencia, Rui Puhakka, Soile E. Puiu, Maria Punab, Margus Qasrawi, Radwan F. and Qorbani, Mostafa Queiroz, Daniel Tran Quoc Bao Radic, Ivana and Radisauskas, Ricardas Rahimikazerooni, Salar Rahman, Mahfuzar Raitakari, Olli Raj, Manu Rakhimova, Ellina M. and Rao, Sudha Ramachandra Ramachandran, Ambady Ramos, Elisabete and Rampal, Lekhraj Rampal, Sanjay Rangel Reina, Daniel A. and Rarra, Vayia Rech, Cassiano Ricardo Redon, Josep Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M. Regecova, Valeria Revilla, Luis and Rezaianzadeh, Abbas Ribeiro, Robespierre Riboli, Elio and Richter, Adrian Rigo, Fernando de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke and Ritti-Dias, Raphael M. Robitaille, Cynthia Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A. Roggenbuck, Ulla Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba Romaguera, Dora Romeo, Elisabetta L. Rosengren, Annika Roy, Joel G. R. and Rubinstein, Adolfo Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Ruiz-Castell, Maria Rusakova, Iuliia A. and Russo, Paola Rutkowski, Marcin Sabanayagam, Charumathi and Sabbaghi, Hamideh Sachdev, Harshpal S. Sadjadi, Alireza and Safarpour, Ali Reza Safi, Sare Safiri, Saeid Saidi, Olfa and Sakarya, Sibel Saki, Nader Salanave, Benoit Salazar Martinez, Eduardo Salmeron, Diego Salomaa, Veikko Salonen, Jukka T. Salvetti, Massimo Sanchez-Abanto, Jose Sans, Susana and Santos, Diana A. Santos, Ina S. Santos, Lelita C. and Santos, Maria Paula Santos, Rute Saramies, Jouko L. and Sardinha, Luis B. Sarganas, Giselle Sarrafzadegan, Nizal and Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu Saum, Kai-Uwe Savva, Savvas and Sawada, Norie Sbaraini, Mariana Scazufca, Marcia Schaan, Beatriz D. Schargrodsky, Herman Schipf, Sabine Schmidt, Carsten O. Schnohr, Peter Schoettker, Ben Schramm, Sara and Schultsz, Constance Schutte, Aletta E. Sebert, Sylvain Sein, Aye Aye Sen, Abhijit Senbanjo, Idowu O. Sepanlou, Sadaf G. and Servais, Jennifer Shalnova, Svetlana A. Shamah-Levy, Teresa and Shamshirgaran, Morteza Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam and Sharafkhah, Maryam Sharma, Sanjib K. Shaw, Jonathan E. and Shayanrad, Amaneh Shayesteh, Ali Akbar Shi, Zumin Shibuya, Kenji Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana Shin, Dong Wook Shirani, Majid and Shiri, Rahman Shrestha, Namuna Si-Ramlee, Khairil Siani, Alfonso Siantar, Rosalynn Sibai, Abla M. de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Simon, Mary and Simons, Judith Simons, Leon A. Sjostrom, Michael and Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw Smeeth, Liam and So, Hung-Kwan Soares, Fernanda Cunha Sobngwi, Eugene and Soderberg, Stefan Soemantri, Agustinus Sofat, Reecha and Solfrizzi, Vincenzo Somi, Mohammad Hossein Sonestedt, Emily and Song, Yi Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. Sorgjerd, Elin P. Soric, Maroje Jerome, Charles Sossa Soumare, Aicha Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente Sparrenberger, Karen Staessen, Jan A. Starc, Gregor and Stavreski, Bill Steene-Johannessen, Jostein Stehle, Peter and Stein, Aryeh D. Stergiou, George S. Stessman, Jochanan and Stieber, Jutta Stoeckl, Doris Stocks, Tanja Stokwiszewski, Jakub Stronks, Karien Strufaldi, Maria Wany Suka, Machi and Sun, Chien-An Sundstrom, Johan Sung, Yn-Tz Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul Sy, Rody G. Syddall, Holly E. Sylva, Rene Charles and Szklo, Moyses Tai, E. Shyong Tammesoo, Mari-Liis Tamosiunas, Abdonas Tan, Eng Joo Tang, Xun Tanser, Frank Tao, Yong and Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B. Taylor, Anne Taylor, Julie Tebar, William R. Tell, Grethe S. and Tello, Tania Tham, Yih Chung Thankappan, K. R. Theobald, Holger Theodoridis, Xenophon Thijs, Lutgarde Thinggaard, Mikael Thomas, Nihal Thorand, Barbara Thuesen, Betina H. and Timmermans, Erik J. Tjandrarini, Dwi H. Tjonneland, Anne and Toft, Ulla Tolonen, Hanna K. Tolstrup, Janne S. Topbas, Murat Topor-Madry, Roman Jose Tormo, Maria Tornaritis, Michael J. Torrent, Maties Torres-Collado, Laura Touloumi, Giota Traissac, Pierre Triantafyllou, Areti Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Trichopoulou, Antonia Trinh, Oanh T. H. Trivedi, Atul Tshepo, Lechaba Tsugane, Shoichiro Tuliakova, Azaliia M. Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K. Tullu, Fikru Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka Tuomilehto, Jaakko Turley, Maria L. Twig, Gilad and Tynelius, Per Tzourio, Christophe Ueda, Peter Ugel, Eunice Ulmer, Hanno Uusitalo, Hannu M. T. Valdivia, Gonzalo and Valvi, Damaskini van Dam, Rob M. van den Born, Bert-Jan and Van der Heyden, Johan van der Schouw, Yvonne T. Van Herck, Koen and Hoang Van Minh Van Schoor, Natasja M. van Valkengoed, Irene G. M. van Zutphen, Elisabeth M. Vanderschueren, Dirk and Vanuzzo, Diego Varbo, Anette Vasan, Senthil K. Vega, Tomas and Veidebaum, Toomas Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo Veronesi, Giovanni Verschuren, W. M. Monique Verstraeten, Roosmarijn and Victora, Cesar G. Viet, Lucie Villalpando, Salvador Vineis, Paolo Vioque, Jesus Virtanen, Jyrki K. Visvikis-Siest, Sophie Viswanathan, Bharathi Vlasoff, Tiina Vollenweider, Peter Voutilainen, Ari Wade, Alisha N. Walton, Janette and Wambiya, Elvis O. A. Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Wanderley Junior, Rildo de Souza Wang, Ming-Dong and Wang, Ningli Wang, Qian Wang, Xiangjun Wang, Ya Xing and Wang, Ying-Wei Wannamethee, S. Goya Wareham, Nicholas Wei, Wenbin Weres, Aneta Werner, Bo Whincup, Peter H. and Widhalm, Kurt Widyahening, Indah S. Wiecek, Andrzej Wilks, Rainford J. Willeit, Johann Willeit, Peter Williams, Emmanuel A. Wilsgaard, Tom Wojtyniak, Bogdan Wong-McClure, Roy A. Wong, Andrew Wong, Tien Yin Woo, Jean Woodward, Mark Wu, Frederick C. Wu, Shouling Wyszynska, Justyna and Xu, Haiquan Xu, Liang Yaacob, Nor Azwany Yan, Weili and Yang, Ling Yang, Xiaoguang Yang, Yang Yasuharu, Tabara and Ye, Xingwang Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. Yoosefi, Moein and Yoshihara, Akihiro You, San-Lin Younger-Coleman, Novie O. and Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi Zainuddin, Ahmad A. Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul and Zamani, Farhad Zambon, Sabina Zampelas, Antonis Elisa Zapata, Maria Zaw, Ko Ko Zdrojewski, Tomasz Zejglicova, Kristyna Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic Zeng, Yi Zhang, Luxia and Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhao, Dong Zhao, Ming-Hui Zhen, Shiqi and Zheng, Yingfeng Zholdin, Bekbolat Zhu, Dan Zins, Marie and Zitt, Emanuel Zocalo, Yanina Zoghlami, Nada Zuniga Cisneros, Julio NCD Risk Factor Collaboration

Abstract

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier.

Published
2021

97. Additional file 1 of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene variants and obesity in former smokers

Author

Yang, Shan-shan, He, Yao, Xu, Lin, Jin, Yali, Zhang, Wei-sen, Jiang, Chao-qiang, Cheng, Kar Keung, and Lam, Tai Hing

Abstract

Additional file 1 Table S1–1 The relationship between rs6265, rs11030104 and body mass index (BMI) in the total study sample (N = 15,072). Table S1–2 The relationship between rs4923457, rs6484320 and heavy smoking (cigarettes per day ≥ 20) in smokers (N = 2220). Table S1–3 The relationship between the four SNPs and waist circumference by sex in the total study sample (female = 11,903, male = 3169). Table S2 Interaction between different SNPs and smoke exposure group. Table S3 Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of the four SNPs’ association with general obesity‡ in former smokers. Table S4 Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of the four SNPs’ association with central obesity‡ in former smokers. Table S5 Association of different smoke exposure groups before cessation with general obesity and central obesity (grouped and continuous variables) in former smokers. Table S6 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different cigarettes per day (CPD) groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S6–1 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different cigarettes per day (CPD) groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S7 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) score groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S7–1 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) score groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S8 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S8–1 Association of SNPs with general obesity in different Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S9 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different cigarettes per day (CPD) groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S9–1 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different cigarettes per day (CPD) groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S10 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) score groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S10–1 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) score groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S11 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score groups before cessation in former smokers. Table S11–1 Association of SNPs with central obesity in different Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score groups before cessation in former smokers (additive model). Table S12 Odds ratios (ORs) (95%CI) of general obesity for different SNPs in different smoke exposure groups (excluding participants with body mass index (BMI)

Published
2021
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99. Smoking and nasopharyngeal cancer: individual data meta-analysis of six prospective studies on 334 935 men

Author

Lin, Jia Huang, primary, Wen, Chi Pang, additional, Jiang, Chao Qiang, additional, Yuan, Jian-Min, additional, Chen, Chien Jen, additional, Ho, Sai Yin, additional, Gao, Wayne, additional, Zhang, Weisen, additional, Wang, Renwei, additional, Chien, Yin-Chu, additional, Xu, Lin, additional, Wu, Xifeng, additional, Jin, Ya Li, additional, Koh, Woon-Puay, additional, Hsu, Wan-Lun, additional, Zhu, Feng, additional, Wen, Christopher, additional, Zhu, Tong, additional, Lee, June Han, additional, Mai, Zhi-Ming, additional, Lung, Maria Li, additional, and Lam, Tai-Hing, additional

Published
2021
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100. Additional file 2 of Glycaemia and hand grip strength in aging people: Guangzhou biobank cohort study

Author

Liang, Xue, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Zhang, Wei Sen, Zhu, Feng, Jin, Ya Li, Kar Keung Cheng, Lam, Tai Hing, and Xu, Lin

Subjects
body regions, human activities
Abstract

Additional file 2 Supplementary Table 2. Grip strength by post-load glucose (in quartiles and as continuous, mmol/l) in 1178 men and 3080 women with normoglycaemia. Results were shown as mean (95% confidence interval), except for numbers. Relative grip strength max, maximal of the average of the right or the left grip strength divided by body mass index (BMI); Relative grip strength mean, the mean of the average of both the right and the left grip strength divided by BMI; Relative grip strength left, the average of the left grip strength divided by BMI; Relative grip strength right, the average of the right grip strength divided by BMI; Absolute grip strength, maximal of the average of the right or the left grip strength. †: Adjusted for age, education, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, body fat percentage and waist circumference. ††: Adjusted for age, education, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, body fat percentage and waist circumference and BMI. $: Adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, body fat percentage and waist circumference. $$: Adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, body fat percentage and waist circumference and BMI. #: P value for sex interaction with post-load glucose in terms of relative grip strength mean and relative grip strength right was 0.04 and 0.03 respectively. **: P

Published
2020
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