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51. Polarization Sensitive Multi-Chroic MKIDs

Author

Johnson, Bradley R., Flanigan, Daniel, Abitbol, Maximilian H., Ade, Peter A. R., Bryan, Sean, Cho, Hsiao-Mei, Datta, Rahul, Day, Peter, Doyle, Simon, Irwin, Kent, Jones, Glenn, Kernasovskiy, Sarah, Li, Dale, Mauskopf, Phil, McCarrick, Heather, McMahon, Jeff, Miller, Amber, Pisano, Giampaolo, Song, Yanru, Surdi, Harshad, and Tucker, Carole

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on the development of scalable prototype microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) arrays tailored for future multi-kilo-pixel experiments that are designed to simultaneously characterize the polarization properties of both the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and Galactic dust emission. These modular arrays are composed of horn-coupled, polarization-sensitive MKIDs, and each pixel has four detectors: two polarizations in two spectral bands between 125 and 280 GHz. A horn is used to feed each array element, and a planar orthomode transducer, composed of two waveguide probe pairs, separates the incoming light into two linear polarizations. Diplexers composed of resonant-stub band-pass filters separate the radiation into 125 to 170 GHz and 190 to 280 GHz pass bands. The millimeter-wave power is ultimately coupled to a hybrid co-planar waveguide microwave kinetic inductance detector using a novel, broadband circuit developed by our collaboration. Electromagnetic simulations show the expected absorption efficiency of the detector is approximately 90%. Array fabrication will begin in the summer of 2016., Comment: To appear in the Proc. SPIE

Published
2016
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52. Development of dual-polarization LEKIDs for CMB observations

Author

McCarrick, Heather, Abitbol, Maximilian H., Ade, Peter A. R., Barry, Peter, Bryan, Sean, Che, George, Day, Peter, Doyle, Simon, Flanigan, Daniel, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, Glenn, LeDuc, Henry G., Limon, Michele, Mauskopf, Philip, Miller, Amber, Tucker, Carole, and Zmuidzinas, Jonas

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We discuss the design considerations and initial measurements from arrays of dual-polarization, lumped element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) nominally designed for cosmic microwave background (CMB) studies. The detectors are horn-coupled, and each array element contains two single-polarization LEKIDs, which are made from thin-film aluminum and optimized for a single spectral band centered on 150 GHz. We are developing two array architectures, one based on 160 micron thick silicon wafers and the other based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers with a 30 micron thick device layer. The 20-element test arrays (40 LEKIDs) are characterized with both a linearly-polarized electronic millimeter wave source and a thermal source. We present initial measurements including the noise spectra, noise-equivalent temperature, and responsivity. We discuss future testing and further design optimizations to be implemented., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Proc. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2016, Paper 9914-24

Published
2016
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53. Photon noise from chaotic and coherent millimeter-wave sources measured with horn-coupled, aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors

Author

Flanigan, Daniel, McCarrick, Heather, Jones, Glenn, Johnson, Bradley R., Abitbol, Maximilian H., Ade, Peter, Araujo, Derek, Bradford, Kristi, Cantor, Robin, Che, George, Day, Peter K., Doyle, Simon, Kjellstrand, Carl Bjorn, LeDuc, Henry G, Limon, Michele, Luu, Vy, Mauskopf, Philip, Miller, Amber, Mroczkowski, Tony, Tucker, Carole, and Zmuidzinas, Jonas

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

We report photon-noise limited performance of horn-coupled, aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors at millimeter wavelengths. The detectors are illuminated by a millimeter-wave source that uses an active multiplier chain to produce radiation between 140 and 160 GHz. We feed the multiplier with either amplified broadband noise or a continuous-wave tone from a microwave signal generator. We demonstrate that the detector response over a 40 dB range of source power is well-described by a simple model that considers the number of quasiparticles. The detector noise-equivalent power (NEP) is dominated by photon noise when the absorbed power is greater than approximately 1 pW, which corresponds to $\mathrm{NEP} \approx 2 \times 10^{-17} \, \mathrm{W} \, \mathrm{Hz}^{-1/2}$, referenced to absorbed power. At higher source power levels we observe the relationships between noise and power expected from the photon statistics of the source signal: $\mathrm{NEP} \propto P$ for broadband (chaotic) illumination and $\mathrm{NEP} \propto P^{1/2}$ for continuous-wave (coherent) illumination., Comment: Matches published version (which is open access) and includes supplemental material

Published
2015
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54. A CubeSat for Calibrating Ground-Based and Sub-Orbital Millimeter-Wave Polarimeters (CalSat)

Author

Johnson, Bradley R., Vourch, Clement J., Drysdale, Timothy D., Kalman, Andrew, Fujikawa, Steve, Keating, Brian, and Kaufman, Jon

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe a low-cost, open-access, CubeSat-based calibration instrument that is designed to support ground-based and sub-orbital experiments searching for various polarization signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). All modern CMB polarization experiments require a robust calibration program that will allow the effects of instrument-induced signals to be mitigated during data analysis. A bright, compact, and linearly polarized astrophysical source with polarization properties known to adequate precision does not exist. Therefore, we designed a space-based millimeter-wave calibration instrument, called CalSat, to serve as an open-access calibrator, and this paper describes the results of our design study. The calibration source on board CalSat is composed of five "tones" with one each at 47.1, 80.0, 140, 249 and 309 GHz. The five tones we chose are well matched to (i) the observation windows in the atmospheric transmittance spectra, (ii) the spectral bands commonly used in polarimeters by the CMB community, and (iii) The Amateur Satellite Service bands in the Table of Frequency Allocations used by the Federal Communications Commission. CalSat would be placed in a polar orbit allowing visibility from observatories in the Northern Hemisphere, such as Mauna Kea in Hawaii and Summit Station in Greenland, and the Southern Hemisphere, such as the Atacama Desert in Chile and the South Pole. CalSat also would be observable by balloon-borne instruments launched from a range of locations around the world. This global visibility makes CalSat the only source that can be observed by all terrestrial and sub-orbital observatories, thereby providing a universal standard that permits comparison between experiments using appreciably different measurement approaches.

Published
2015
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55. Design of Dual-Polarization Horn-Coupled Kinetic Inductance Detectors for Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimetry

Author

Bryan, Sean, Bradford, Kristi, Che, George, Day, Peter, Flanigan, Daniel, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, Glenn, Kjellstrand, Bjorn, Limon, Michele, Mauskopf, Philip, McCarrick, Heather, Miller, Amber, and Smiley, Brian

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Mapping the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background is yielding exciting data on the origin of the universe, the reionization of the universe, and the growth of cosmic structure. Kilopixel arrays represent the current state of the art, but advances in detector technology are needed to enable the larger detector arrays needed for future measurements. Here we present a design for single-band dual-polarization Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) at 20% bandwidths centered at 145, 220, and 280 GHz. The detection and readout system is nearly identical to the successful photon-noise-limited aluminum Lumped-Element KIDs that have been recently built and tested by some of the authors. Fabricating large focal plane arrays of the feed horns and quarter-wave backshorts requires only conventional precision machining. Since the detectors and readout lines consist only of a single patterned aluminum layer on a SOI wafer, arrays of the detectors can be built commercially or at a standard university cleanroom., Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proceedings of International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology 2015

Published
2015

56. The Simons Observatory : Beam Characterization for the Small Aperture Telescopes

Author

Dachlythra, Nadia, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Gudmundsson, Jón E., Hasselfield, Matthew, Coppi, Gabriele, Adler, Alexandre E., Alonso, David, Azzoni, Susanna, Chesmore, Grace E., Fabbian, Giulio, Ganga, Ken, Gerras, Remington G., Jaffe, Andrew H., Johnson, Bradley R., Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore S., Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Lungu, Marius, Matsuda, Frederick, Naess, Sigurd, Page, Lyman, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Simon, Sara M., Teply, Grant, Tsan, Tran, Wollack, Edward J., Wolz, Kevin, Xu, Zhilei, Dachlythra, Nadia, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Gudmundsson, Jón E., Hasselfield, Matthew, Coppi, Gabriele, Adler, Alexandre E., Alonso, David, Azzoni, Susanna, Chesmore, Grace E., Fabbian, Giulio, Ganga, Ken, Gerras, Remington G., Jaffe, Andrew H., Johnson, Bradley R., Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore S., Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Lungu, Marius, Matsuda, Frederick, Naess, Sigurd, Page, Lyman, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Simon, Sara M., Teply, Grant, Tsan, Tran, Wollack, Edward J., Wolz, Kevin, and Xu, Zhilei

Abstract

We use time-domain simulations of Jupiter observations to test and develop a beam reconstruction pipeline for the Simons Observatory Small Aperture Telescopes. The method relies on a mapmaker that estimates and subtracts correlated atmospheric noise and a beam fitting code designed to compensate for the bias caused by the mapmaker. We test our reconstruction performance for four different frequency bands against various algorithmic parameters, atmospheric conditions, and input beams. We additionally show the reconstruction quality as a function of the number of available observations and investigate how different calibration strategies affect the beam uncertainty. For all of the cases considered, we find good agreement between the fitted results and the input beam model within an ∼1.5% error for a multipole range ℓ = 30–700 and an ∼0.5% error for a multipole range ℓ = 50–200. We conclude by using a harmonic-domain component separation algorithm to verify that the beam reconstruction errors and biases observed in our analysis do not significantly bias the Simons Observatory r-measurement

Published
2024
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57. The Simons Observatory: Beam Characterization for the Small Aperture Telescopes

Author

Dachlythra, N, Duivenvoorden, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hasselfield, M, Coppi, G, Adler, A, Alonso, D, Azzoni, S, Chesmore, G, Fabbian, G, Ganga, K, Gerras, R, Jaffe, A, Johnson, B, Keating, B, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Krachmalnicoff, N, Lungu, M, Matsuda, F, Naess, S, Page, L, Puddu, R, Puglisi, G, Simon, S, Teply, G, Tsan, T, Wollack, E, Wolz, K, Xu, Z, Dachlythra, Nadia, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hasselfield, Matthew, Coppi, Gabriele, Adler, Alexandre E., Alonso, David, Azzoni, Susanna, Chesmore, Grace E., Fabbian, Giulio, Ganga, Ken, Gerras, Remington G., Jaffe, Andrew H., Johnson, Bradley R., Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore S., Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Lungu, Marius, Matsuda, Frederick, Naess, Sigurd, Page, Lyman, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Simon, Sara M., Teply, Grant, Tsan, Tran, Wollack, Edward J., Wolz, Kevin, Xu, Zhilei, Dachlythra, N, Duivenvoorden, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hasselfield, M, Coppi, G, Adler, A, Alonso, D, Azzoni, S, Chesmore, G, Fabbian, G, Ganga, K, Gerras, R, Jaffe, A, Johnson, B, Keating, B, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Krachmalnicoff, N, Lungu, M, Matsuda, F, Naess, S, Page, L, Puddu, R, Puglisi, G, Simon, S, Teply, G, Tsan, T, Wollack, E, Wolz, K, Xu, Z, Dachlythra, Nadia, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hasselfield, Matthew, Coppi, Gabriele, Adler, Alexandre E., Alonso, David, Azzoni, Susanna, Chesmore, Grace E., Fabbian, Giulio, Ganga, Ken, Gerras, Remington G., Jaffe, Andrew H., Johnson, Bradley R., Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore S., Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Lungu, Marius, Matsuda, Frederick, Naess, Sigurd, Page, Lyman, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Simon, Sara M., Teply, Grant, Tsan, Tran, Wollack, Edward J., Wolz, Kevin, and Xu, Zhilei

Abstract

We use time-domain simulations of Jupiter observations to test and develop a beam reconstruction pipeline for the Simons Observatory Small Aperture Telescopes. The method relies on a mapmaker that estimates and subtracts correlated atmospheric noise and a beam fitting code designed to compensate for the bias caused by the mapmaker. We test our reconstruction performance for four different frequency bands against various algorithmic parameters, atmospheric conditions, and input beams. We additionally show the reconstruction quality as a function of the number of available observations and investigate how different calibration strategies affect the beam uncertainty. For all of the cases considered, we find good agreement between the fitted results and the input beam model within an ∼1.5% error for a multipole range l = 30-700 and an ∼0.5% error for a multipole range l = 50-200. We conclude by using a harmonic-domain component separation algorithm to verify that the beam reconstruction errors and biases observed in our analysis do not significantly bias the Simons Observatory r-measurement

Published
2024

59. Millimeter-wave bolometer array receiver for the Atacama pathfinder experiment Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (APEX-SZ) instrument

Author

Schwan, Daniel, Ade, Peter A. R., Basu, Kaustuv, Bender, Amy N., Bertoldi, Frank, Cho, Hsaio-Mei, Chon, Guyong., Clarke, John, Dobbs, Matt, Ferrusca, Daniel, Gusten, Rolfe, Halverson, Nils W., Holzapfel, William L., Horellou, Cathy, Johansson, Daniel, Johnson, Bradley R., Kennedy, James, Kermish, Zigmund, Kneissl, Ruediger, Lanting, Trevor, Lee, Adrian T., Lueker, Martin, Mehl, Jared, Menten, Karl M., Muders, Dirk, Pacaud, Florian, Plagge, Thomas, Reichardt, Christian L., Richards, Paul L., Schaaf, Rienhold, Schilke, Peter, Sommer, Martin W., Spieler, Helmuth, Tucker, Carole, Weiss, Axel, Westbrook, Benjamin, and Zahn, Oliver

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Atacama pathfinder experiment Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (APEX-SZ) instrument is a millimeter-wave cryogenic receiver designed to observe galaxy clusters via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect from the 12 m APEX telescope on the Atacama plateau in Chile. The receiver contains a focal plane of 280 superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers instrumented with a frequency-domain multiplexed readout system. The bolometers are cooled to 280 mK via a three-stage helium sorption refrigerator and a mechanical pulse-tube cooler. Three warm mirrors, two 4 K lenses, and a horn array couple the TES bolometers to the telescope. APEX-SZ observes in a single frequency band at 150 GHz with 1' angular resolution and a 22' field-of-view, all well suited for cluster mapping. The APEX-SZ receiver has played a key role in the introduction of several new technologies including TES bolometers, the frequency-domain multiplexed readout, and the use of a pulse-tube cooler with bolometers. As a result of these new technologies, the instrument has a higher instantaneous sensitivity and covers a larger field-of-view than earlier generations of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich instruments. The TES bolometers have a median sensitivity of 890 uKcmb-sqrt(s) (NEy of 3.5e-4 sqrt(s)). We have also demonstrated upgraded detectors with improved sensitivity of 530 uKcmb-sqrt(s) (NEy of 2.2e-4 sqrt(s)). Since its commissioning in April 2007, APEX-SZ has been used to map 48 clusters. We describe the design of the receiver and its performance when installed on the APEX telescope., Comment: 27 pages, 20 figures, prepared with revtex 4.1

Published
2010
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60. The Simons Observatory: Development and Optical Evaluation of Achromatic Half-Wave Plates

Author

Sugiyama, Junna, primary, Terasaki, Tomoki, additional, Sakaguri, Kana, additional, Bixler, Bryce, additional, Sakurai, Yuki, additional, Arnold, Kam, additional, Crowley, Kevin T., additional, Datta, Rahul, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Hasegawa, Masaya, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lee, Adrian, additional, Matsumura, Tomotake, additional, Mcmahon, Jeffrey, additional, Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano, additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, and Yamada, Kyohei, additional

Published
2024
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61. The Simons Observatory: Beam Characterization for the Small Aperture Telescopes

Author

Dachlythra, Nadia, primary, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., additional, Gudmundsson, Jon E., additional, Hasselfield, Matthew, additional, Coppi, Gabriele, additional, Adler, Alexandre E., additional, Alonso, David, additional, Azzoni, Susanna, additional, Chesmore, Grace E., additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Ganga, Ken, additional, Gerras, Remington G., additional, Jaffe, Andrew H., additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Keskitalo, Reijo, additional, Kisner, Theodore S., additional, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, additional, Lungu, Marius, additional, Matsuda, Frederick, additional, Naess, Sigurd, additional, Page, Lyman, additional, Puddu, Roberto, additional, Puglisi, Giuseppe, additional, Simon, Sara M., additional, Teply, Grant, additional, Tsan, Tran, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Wolz, Kevin, additional, and Xu, Zhilei, additional

Published
2024
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62. Impact of modulation on CMB B-mode polarization experiments

Author

Brown, Michael L., Challinor, Anthony, North, Chris E., Johnson, Bradley R., O'Dea, Daniel, and Sutton, David

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate the impact of both slow and fast polarization modulation strategies on the science return of upcoming ground-based experiments aimed at measuring the B-mode polarization of the CMB. Using simulations of the Clover experiment, we compare the ability of modulated and un-modulated observations to recover the signature of gravitational waves in the polarized CMB sky in the presence of a number of anticipated systematic effects. The general expectations that fast modulation is helpful in mitigating low-frequency detector noise, and that the additional redundancy in the projection of the instrument's polarization sensitivity directions onto the sky when modulating reduces the impact of instrumental polarization, are borne out by our simulations. Neither low-frequency polarized atmospheric fluctuations nor systematic errors in the polarization sensitivity directions are mitigated by modulation. Additionally, we find no significant reduction in the effect of pointing errors by modulation. For a Clover-like experiment, pointing jitter should be negligible but any systematic mis-calibration of the polarization coordinate reference system results in significant E-B mixing on all angular scales and will require careful control. We also stress the importance of combining data from multiple detectors in order to remove the effects of common-mode systematics (such as 1/f atmospheric noise) on the measured polarization signal. Finally we compare the performance of our simulated experiment with the predicted performance from a Fisher analysis. We find good agreement between the Fisher predictions and the simulations except for the very largest scales where the power spectrum estimator we have used introduces additional variance to the B-mode signal recovered from our simulations., Comment: Replaced with version accepted by MNRAS. Analysis of half-wave plate systematic (differential transmittance) added

Published
2008
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63. Analysis of performance of three- and five-stack achromatic half-wave plates at millimeter wavelengths

Author

Matsumura, Tomotake, Hanany, Shaul, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, Terry J., and Jonnalagadda, Prashanth

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the performance of achromatic half-wave plates (AHWP) as a function of their construction parameters, the detection bandwidth of a power detector operating in the millimeter wave band, and the spectral shape of the incident radiation. We focus particular attention on the extraction of the degree of incident polarization and its orientation angle from the intensity measured as a function of AHWP rotation angle, which we call the IVA (intensity versus angle). We quantify the phase offset of the IVA and point to potential systematic errors in the extraction of this offset in cases where the incident spectrum is not sufficiently well known. We show how the phase offset and modulation efficiency of the AHWP depend on the relative angles between the plates in the stack and find that high modulation efficiency can be achieved with alignment accuracy of few degrees., Comment: submitted to Applied Optics

Published
2008
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64. Systematic errors in cosmic microwave background polarization measurements

Author

O'Dea, Daniel, Challinor, Anthony, and Johnson, Bradley R.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate the impact of instrumental systematic errors on the potential of cosmic microwave background polarization experiments targeting primordial B-modes. To do so, we introduce spin-weighted Muller matrix-valued fields describing the linear response of the imperfect optical system and receiver, and give a careful discussion of the behaviour of the induced systematic effects under rotation of the instrument. We give the correspondence between the matrix components and known optical and receiver imperfections, and compare the likely performance of pseudo-correlation receivers and those that modulate the polarization with a half-wave plate. The latter is shown to have the significant advantage of not coupling the total intensity into polarization for perfect optics, but potential effects like optical distortions that may be introduced by the quasi-optical wave plate warrant further investigation. A fast method for tolerancing time-invariant systematic effects is presented, which propagates errors through to power spectra and cosmological parameters. The method extends previous studies to an arbitrary scan strategy, and eliminates the need for time-consuming Monte-Carlo simulations in the early phases of instrument and survey design. We illustrate the method with both simple parametrized forms for the systematics and with beams based on physical-optics simulations. Example results are given in the context of next-generation experiments targeting tensor-to-scalar ratios r ~ 0.01., Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures; Minor changes to match version accepted by MNRAS

Published
2006
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65. The Simons Observatory: Large-Scale Characterization of 90/150 GHz TES Detector Modules

Author

Dutcher, Daniel, primary, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Groh, John C., additional, Healy, Erin, additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Jones, Dante, additional, Keller, Ben, additional, Lin, Lawrence T., additional, Link, Michael J., additional, Lucas, Tammy J., additional, Morgan, Samuel, additional, Seino, Yudai, additional, Sonka, Rita F., additional, Staggs, Suzanne T., additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, and Zheng, Kaiwen, additional

Published
2023
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66. The Simons Observatory: Development and Optical Evaluation of Achromatic Half-wave Plates

Author

Sugiyama, Junna, primary, Terasaki, Tomoki, additional, Sakaguri, Kana, additional, Bixler, Bryce, additional, Sakurai, Yuki, additional, Arnold, Kam, additional, Datta, Rahul, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Hasegawa, Masaya, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lee, Adrian, additional, Matsumura, Tomotake, additional, Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano, additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, and Yamada, Kyohei, additional

Published
2023
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68. The Simons Observatory: dark characterization of the large aperture telescope

Author

Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Haridas, Saianeesh K., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Bhandarkar, Tanay, Devlin, Mark, Dicker, Simon, Duff, Shannon M., Dutcher, Daniel, Harrington, Kathleen, Henderson, Shawn W., Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Kofman, Anna, Manduca, Alex, Niemack, Michael D., Randall, Michael J., Satterthwaite, Thomas P., Orlowski-Scherer, John, Schmitt, Benjamin L., Sierra, Carlos, Silva-Feaver, Max, Thornton, Robert J., Wang, Yuhan, and Zheng, Kaiwen

Published
2024
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71. The Case for Probe-Class NASA Astrophysics Missions

Author

Elvis, Martin, Arenberg, Jon, Ballantyne, David, Bautz, Mark, Beichman, Charles, Booth, Jeffrey, Buckley, James, Burns, Jack O, Camp, Jordan, Conti, Alberto, Cooray, Asantha, Danchi, William, Delabrouille, Jacques, De Zotti, Gianfranco, Flauger, Raphael, Glenn, Jason, Grindlay, Jonathan, Hanany, Shaul, Hartmann, Dieter, Helou, George, Herranz, Diego, Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R, Jones, William, Kasdin, N. Jeremy, Kouvoliotou, Chryssa, Kunze, Kerstin E, Lawrence, Charles, Lazio, Joseph, Lipscy, Sarah, Lillie, Charles F, Maccarone, Tom, Madsen, Kristin C, McEnergy, Julie E, Mcentaffer, Randall, Mushotzky, Richard, Olinto, Angela, Plavchan, Peter, Pogosian, Levon, Ptak, Andrew, Ray, Paul, Rocha, Graca M, Scowen, Paul, Seager, Sara, Tinto, Massimo, Tomsick, John, Tucker, Gregory, Ulmer, Mel, Wang, Yun, and Wollack, Edward J

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Astrophysics spans an enormous range of questions on scales from individual planets to the entire cosmos. To address the richness of 21st century astrophysics requires a corresponding richness of telescopes spanning all bands and all messengers. Much scientific benefit comes from having the multi-wavelength capability available at the same time. Most of these bands, or measurement sensitivities, require space-based missions. Historically, NASA has addressed this need for breadth with a small number of flagship-class missions and a larger number of Explorer missions. While the Explorer program continues to flourish, there is a large gap between Explorers and strategic missions.

Published
2019

72. Simons Observatory Focal-Plane Module: In-lab Testing and Characterization Program

Author

Wang, Yuhan, primary, Zheng, Kaiwen, additional, Atkins, Zachary, additional, Austermann, Jason, additional, Bhandarkar, Tanay, additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Healy, Erin, additional, Huber, Zachary B., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Lashner, Jack, additional, Li, Yaqiong, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Seibert, Joseph, additional, Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano, additional, Sonka, Rita, additional, Staggs, Suzanne T., additional, Vavagiakis, Eve, additional, and Xu, Zhilei, additional

Published
2022
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73. The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Shielding Measurements for the Universal Multiplexing Module

Author

Huber, Zachary B., primary, Li, Yaqiong, additional, Vavagiakis, Eve M., additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cothard, Nicholas F., additional, Duell, Cody J., additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Healy, Erin, additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keller, Ben, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, and Zheng, Kaiwen, additional

Published
2022
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77. The Simons Observatory 220 and 280 GHz Focal-Plane Module: Design and Initial Characterization

Author

Healy, Erin, primary, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Atkins, Zachary, additional, Austermann, Jason, additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Duell, Cody J., additional, Duff, Shannon, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Huber, Zachary B., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Sonka, Rita, additional, Staggs, Suzanne T., additional, Vavagiakis, Eve, additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, and Zheng, Kaiwen, additional

Published
2022
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78. Simons Observatory : characterizing the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver with radio holography

Author

Chesmore, Grace E., Harrington, Kathleen, Sierra, Carlos E., Gallardo, Patricio A., Sutariya, Shreya, Alford, Tommy, Adler, Alexandre E., Bhandarkar, Tanay, Coppi, Gabriele, Dachlythra, Nadia, Golec, Joseph, Gudmundsson, Jón, Haridas, Saianeesh K., Johnson, Bradley R., Kofman, Anna M., Iuliano, Jeffrey, Mcmahon, Jeff, Niemack, Michael D., Orlowski-Scherer, John, Perez Sarmiento, Karen, Puddu, Roberto, Silva-Feaver, Max, Simon, Sara M., Robe, Julia, Wollack, Edward J., Xu, Zhilei, Chesmore, Grace E., Harrington, Kathleen, Sierra, Carlos E., Gallardo, Patricio A., Sutariya, Shreya, Alford, Tommy, Adler, Alexandre E., Bhandarkar, Tanay, Coppi, Gabriele, Dachlythra, Nadia, Golec, Joseph, Gudmundsson, Jón, Haridas, Saianeesh K., Johnson, Bradley R., Kofman, Anna M., Iuliano, Jeffrey, Mcmahon, Jeff, Niemack, Michael D., Orlowski-Scherer, John, Perez Sarmiento, Karen, Puddu, Roberto, Silva-Feaver, Max, Simon, Sara M., Robe, Julia, Wollack, Edward J., and Xu, Zhilei

Abstract

We present near-field radio holography measurements of the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver optics. These measurements demonstrate that radio holography of complex millimeter-wave optical systems comprising cryogenic lenses, filters, and feed horns can provide detailed characterization of wave propagation before deployment. We used the measured amplitude and phase, at 4 K, of the receiver near-field beam pattern to predict two key performance parameters: 1) the amount of scattered light that will spill past the telescope to 300 K and 2) the beam pattern expected from the receiver when fielded on the telescope. These cryogenic measurements informed the removal of a filter, which led to improved optical efficiency and reduced sidelobes at the exit of the receiver. Holography measurements of this system suggest that the spilled power past the telescope mirrors will be less than 1%, and the main beam with its near sidelobes are consistent with the nominal telescope design. This is the first time such parameters have been confirmed in the lab prior to deployment of a new receiver. This approach is broadly applicable to millimeter and submillimeter instruments.

Published
2022
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79. The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Shielding Measurements for the Universal Multiplexing Module

Author

MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Huber, Zachary B., Li, Yaqiong, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Choi, Steve K., Connors, Jake, Cothard, Nicholas F., Duell, Cody J., Galitzki, Nicholas, Healy, Erin, Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Keller, Ben, McCarrick, Heather, Niemack, Michael D., Wang, Yuhan, Xu, Zhilei, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Huber, Zachary B., Li, Yaqiong, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Choi, Steve K., Connors, Jake, Cothard, Nicholas F., Duell, Cody J., Galitzki, Nicholas, Healy, Erin, Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Keller, Ben, McCarrick, Heather, Niemack, Michael D., Wang, Yuhan, and Xu, Zhilei

Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) includes four telescopes that will measure the temperature and polarization of the cosmic microwave background using over 60,000 highly sensitive transition-edge bolometers (TES). These multichroic TES bolometers are read out by a microwave RF SQUID multiplexing system with a multiplexing factor of 910. Given that both TESes and SQUIDs are susceptible to magnetic field pickup and that it is hard to predict how they will respond to such fields, it is important to characterize the magnetic response of these systems empirically. This information can then be used to limit spurious signals by informing magnetic shielding designs for the detectors and readout. This paper focuses on measurements of magnetic pickup with different magnetic shielding configurations for the SO universal multiplexing module (UMM), which contains the SQUIDs, associated resonators, and TES bias circuit. The magnetic pickup of a prototype UMM was tested under three shielding configurations: no shielding (copper packaging), aluminum packaging for the UMM, and a tin/lead-plated shield surrounding the entire dilution refrigerator 100 mK cold stage. We also present measurements of the pickup in the UMM when aluminum feedhorns are installed. The measurements show that the aluminum packaging outperforms the copper packaging by a shielding factor of 8-10, and adding the tin/lead-plated 1K shield further increases the relative shielding factor in the aluminum configuration by 1-2 orders of magnitude. The addition of feedhorns provides a factor of 30 improvement when the tin/lead shield is not installed and a factor of 5 improvement when it is.

Published
2022

80. The Simons Observatory 220 and 280 GHz Focal-Plane Module: Design and Initial Characterization

Author

MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Healy, Erin, Dutcher, Daniel, Atkins, Zachary, Austermann, Jason, Choi, Steve K., Duell, Cody J., Duff, Shannon, Galitzki, Nicholas, Huber, Zachary B., Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., McCarrick, Heather, Niemack, Michael D., Sonka, Rita, Staggs, Suzanne T., Vavagiakis, Eve, Wang, Yuhan, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Healy, Erin, Dutcher, Daniel, Atkins, Zachary, Austermann, Jason, Choi, Steve K., Duell, Cody J., Duff, Shannon, Galitzki, Nicholas, Huber, Zachary B., Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., McCarrick, Heather, Niemack, Michael D., Sonka, Rita, Staggs, Suzanne T., Vavagiakis, Eve, and Wang, Yuhan

Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) will detect and map the temperature and polarization of the millimeter-wavelength sky from Cerro Toco, Chile, across a range of angular scales, providing rich data sets for cosmological and astrophysical analysis. The SO focal planes will be tiled with compact hexagonal packages, called universal focal-plane modules (UFMs), in which the transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors are coupled to 100 mK microwave-multiplexing electronics. Three different types of dichroic TES detector arrays with bands centered at 30/40, 90/150, and 220/280 GHz will be implemented across the 49 planned UFMs. The 90/150 GHz and 220/280 GHz arrays each contain 1764 TESes, which are read out with two 910x multiplexer circuits. The modules contain a series of routed silicon chips, which are packaged together in a controlled electromagnetic environment and operated at 100 mK. Following an overview of the module design, we report on early results from the first 220/280 GHz UFM, including detector yield, as well as readout and detector noise levels.

Published
2022

81. Simons Observatory Focal-Plane Module: In-lab Testing and Characterization Program

Author

MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Wang, Yuhan, Zheng, Kaiwen, Atkins, Zachary, Austermann, Jason, Bhandarkar, Tanay, Choi, Steve K., Duff, Shannon M., Dutcher, Daniel, Galitzki, Nicholas, Healy, Erin, Huber, Zachary B., Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Lashner, Jack, Li, Yaqiong, McCarrick, Heather, Niemack, Michael D., MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Wang, Yuhan, Zheng, Kaiwen, Atkins, Zachary, Austermann, Jason, Bhandarkar, Tanay, Choi, Steve K., Duff, Shannon M., Dutcher, Daniel, Galitzki, Nicholas, Healy, Erin, Huber, Zachary B., Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Lashner, Jack, Li, Yaqiong, McCarrick, Heather, and Niemack, Michael D.

Abstract

The Simons Observatory is a ground-based cosmic microwave background instrument to be sited in the Atacama Desert in Chile. SO will deploy 60,000 transition-edge sensors (TES) bolometers in 49 separate focal-plane modules across a suite of four telescopes covering three dichroic bands termed low frequency (LF), mid-frequency and ultra-high frequency. Each MF and UHF focal-plane module packages 1720 feedhorn-coupled detectors with cryogenic components for highly multiplexed readout using microwave SQUID multiplexing. In this paper, we describe the testing program we have developed for high-throughput validation of modules after they are assembled. The validation requires measurements of the yield, saturation powers, time constants, noise properties and optical efficiencies. Additional measurements will be performed for further characterization as needed. We describe the methods developed and demonstrate preliminary results from the initial testing of a prototype module.

Published
2022

82. The Simons Observatory: A large-diameter truss for a refracting telescope cooled to 1 K

Author

Crowley, Kevin D., primary, Dow, Peter, additional, Shroyer, Jordan E., additional, Groh, John C., additional, Dober, Bradley, additional, Spisak, Jacob, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Bhandarkar, Tanay, additional, Devlin, Mark J., additional, Dicker, Simon, additional, Gallardo, Patricio A., additional, Harrington, Kathleen, additional, Iuliano, Jeffrey, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Johnson, Delwin, additional, Kofman, Anna M., additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lee, Adrian, additional, Limon, Michele, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Orlowski-Scherer, John, additional, Page, Lyman, additional, Randall, Michael, additional, Teply, Grant, additional, Tsan, Tran, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, and Zhu, Ningfeng, additional

Published
2022
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83. The Simons Observatory: Galactic Science Goals and Forecasts

Author

Hensley, Brandon S., primary, Clark, Susan E., additional, Fanfani, Valentina, additional, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Poletti, Davide, additional, Puglisi, Giuseppe, additional, Coppi, Gabriele, additional, Nibauer, Jacob, additional, Gerasimov, Roman, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Ashton, Peter C., additional, Baccigalupi, Carlo, additional, Baxter, Eric, additional, Burkhart, Blakesley, additional, Calabrese, Erminia, additional, Chluba, Jens, additional, Errard, Josquin, additional, Frolov, Andrei V., additional, Hervías-Caimapo, Carlos, additional, Huffenberger, Kevin M., additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Jost, Baptiste, additional, Keating, Brian, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Sathyanarayana Rao, Mayuri, additional, van Engelen, Alexander, additional, Walker, Samantha, additional, Wolz, Kevin, additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Zhu, Ningfeng, additional, and Zonca, Andrea, additional

Published
2022
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86. CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, primary, Addison, Graeme E., additional, Adshead, Peter, additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Akerib, Daniel, additional, Ali, Aamir, additional, Allen, Steven W., additional, Alonso, David, additional, Alvarez, Marcelo, additional, Amin, Mustafa A., additional, Anderson, Adam, additional, Arnold, Kam S., additional, Ashton, Peter, additional, Baccigalupi, Carlo, additional, Bard, Debbie, additional, Barkats, Denis, additional, Barron, Darcy, additional, Barry, Peter S., additional, Bartlett, James G., additional, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, additional, Battaglia, Nicholas, additional, Bean, Rachel, additional, Bebek, Chris, additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Benson, Bradford A., additional, Bianchini, Federico, additional, Bischoff, Colin A., additional, Bleem, Lindsey, additional, Bock, James J., additional, Bocquet, Sebastian, additional, Boddy, Kimberly K., additional, Richard Bond, J., additional, Borrill, Julian, additional, Bouchet, François R., additional, Brinckmann, Thejs, additional, Brown, Michael L., additional, Bryan, Sean, additional, Buza, Victor, additional, Byrum, Karen, additional, Hervias Caimapo, Carlos, additional, Calabrese, Erminia, additional, Calafut, Victoria, additional, Caldwell, Robert, additional, Carlstrom, John E., additional, Carron, Julien, additional, Cecil, Thomas, additional, Challinor, Anthony, additional, Chang, Clarence L., additional, Chinone, Yuji, additional, Sherry Cho, Hsiao-Mei, additional, Cooray, Asantha, additional, Coulton, Will, additional, Crawford, Thomas M., additional, Crites, Abigail, additional, Cukierman, Ari, additional, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, additional, de Haan, Tijmen, additional, Delabrouille, Jacques, additional, Devlin, Mark, additional, Di Valentino, Eleonora, additional, Dierickx, Marion, additional, Dobbs, Matt, additional, Duff, Shannon, additional, Dvorkin, Cora, additional, Eimer, Joseph, additional, Elleflot, Tucker, additional, Errard, Josquin, additional, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Feng, Chang, additional, Ferraro, Simone, additional, Filippini, Jeffrey P., additional, Flauger, Raphael, additional, Flaugher, Brenna, additional, Fraisse, Aurelien A., additional, Frolov, Andrei, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Gallardo, Patricio A., additional, Galli, Silvia, additional, Ganga, Ken, additional, Gerbino, Martina, additional, Gluscevic, Vera, additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Green, Daniel, additional, Grin, Daniel, additional, Grohs, Evan, additional, Gualtieri, Riccardo, additional, Gudmundsson, Jon E., additional, Gullett, Ian, additional, Gupta, Nikhel, additional, Habib, Salman, additional, Halpern, Mark, additional, Halverson, Nils W., additional, Hanany, Shaul, additional, Harrington, Kathleen, additional, Hasegawa, Masaya, additional, Hasselfield, Matthew, additional, Hazumi, Masashi, additional, Heitmann, Katrin, additional, Henderson, Shawn, additional, Hensley, Brandon, additional, Hill, Charles, additional, Colin Hill, J., additional, Hložek, Renée, additional, Patty Ho, Shuay-Pwu, additional, Hoang, Thuong, additional, Holder, Gil, additional, Holzapfel, William, additional, Hood, John, additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Huffenberger, Kevin M., additional, Hui, Howard, additional, Irwin, Kent, additional, Jeong, Oliver, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Jones, William C., additional, Hwan Kang, Jae, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Katayama, Nobuhiko, additional, Keskitalo, Reijo, additional, Kisner, Theodore, additional, Knox, Lloyd, additional, Koopman, Brian J., additional, Kosowsky, Arthur, additional, Kovac, John, additional, Kovetz, Ely D., additional, Kuhlmann, Steve, additional, Kuo, Chao-lin, additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lähteenmäki, Anne, additional, Lawrence, Charles R., additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Lewis, Antony, additional, Li, Dale, additional, Linder, Eric, additional, Loverde, Marilena, additional, Lowitz, Amy, additional, Lubin, Phil, additional, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., additional, Mantz, Adam, additional, Marques, Gabriela, additional, Matsuda, Frederick, additional, Mauskopf, Philip, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, McMahon, Jeffrey, additional, Daniel Meerburg, P., additional, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Menanteau, Felipe, additional, Meyers, Joel, additional, Millea, Marius, additional, Mohr, Joseph, additional, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, additional, Monzani, Maria, additional, Mroczkowski, Tony, additional, Mukherjee, Suvodip, additional, Nagy, Johanna, additional, Namikawa, Toshiya, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Natoli, Tyler, additional, Newburgh, Laura, additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Nishino, Haruki, additional, Nord, Brian, additional, Novosad, Valentine, additional, O’Brient, Roger, additional, Padin, Stephen, additional, Palladino, Steven, additional, Partridge, Bruce, additional, Petravick, Don, additional, Pierpaoli, Elena, additional, Pogosian, Levon, additional, Prabhu, Karthik, additional, Pryke, Clement, additional, Puglisi, Giuseppe, additional, Racine, Benjamin, additional, Rahlin, Alexandra, additional, Sathyanarayana Rao, Mayuri, additional, Raveri, Marco, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, Remazeilles, Mathieu, additional, Rocha, Graca, additional, Roe, Natalie A., additional, Roy, Anirban, additional, Ruhl, John E., additional, Salatino, Maria, additional, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, additional, Schaan, Emmanuel, additional, Schillaci, Alessandro, additional, Schmitt, Benjamin, additional, Schmittfull, Marcel M., additional, Scott, Douglas, additional, Sehgal, Neelima, additional, Shandera, Sarah, additional, Sherwin, Blake D., additional, Shirokoff, Erik, additional, Simon, Sara M., additional, Slosar, Anže, additional, Spergel, David, additional, St. Germaine, Tyler, additional, Staggs, Suzanne T., additional, Stark, Antony, additional, Starkman, Glenn D., additional, Stompor, Radek, additional, Stoughton, Chris, additional, Suzuki, Aritoki, additional, Tajima, Osamu, additional, Teply, Grant P., additional, Thompson, Keith, additional, Thorne, Ben, additional, Timbie, Peter, additional, Tomasi, Maurizio, additional, Tristram, Matthieu, additional, Tucker, Gregory, additional, Umiltà, Caterina, additional, van Engelen, Alexander, additional, Vavagiakis, Eve M., additional, Vieira, Joaquin D., additional, Vieregg, Abigail G., additional, Wagoner, Kasey, additional, Wallisch, Benjamin, additional, Wang, Gensheng, additional, Watson, Scott, additional, Westbrook, Ben, additional, Whitehorn, Nathan, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Kimmy Wu, W. L., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Eric Yang, H. Y., additional, Yasini, Siavash, additional, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., additional, Won Yoon, Ki, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, and Zonca, Andrea, additional

Published
2022
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88. Erratum: “The Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver” (2021, ApJS, 256, 23)

Author

Zhu, Ningfeng, primary, Bhandarkar, Tanay, additional, Coppi, Gabriele, additional, Kofman, Anna M., additional, Orlowski-Scherer, John L., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Adachi, Shunsuke, additional, Ade, Peter, additional, Aiola, Simone, additional, Austermann, Jason, additional, Bazarko, Andrew O., additional, Beall, James A., additional, Bhimani, Sanah, additional, Bond, J. Richard, additional, Chesmore, Grace E., additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cothard, Nicholas F., additional, Devlin, Mark, additional, Dicker, Simon, additional, Dober, Bradley, additional, Duell, Cody J., additional, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Dünner, Rolando, additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Gallardo, Patricio A., additional, Golec, Joseph E., additional, Haridas, Saianeesh K., additional, Harrington, Kathleen, additional, Healy, Erin, additional, Patty Ho, Shuay-Pwu, additional, Huber, Zachary B., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Iuliano, Jeffrey, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Kiuchi, Kenji, additional, Koopman, Brian J., additional, Lashner, Jack, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Li, Yaqiong, additional, Limon, Michele, additional, Link, Michael, additional, Lucas, Tammy J, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Moore, Jenna, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Newburgh, Laura B., additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Pierpaoli, Elena, additional, Randall, Michael J., additional, Sarmiento, Karen Perez, additional, Saunders, Lauren J., additional, Seibert, Joseph, additional, Sierra, Carlos, additional, Sonka, Rita, additional, Spisak, Jacob, additional, Sutariya, Shreya, additional, Tajima, Osamu, additional, Teply, Grant P., additional, Thornton, Robert J., additional, Tsan, Tran, additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Ullom, Joel, additional, Vavagiakis, Eve M., additional, Vissers, Michael R., additional, Walker, Samantha, additional, Westbrook, Benjamin, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, and Zannoni, Mario, additional

Published
2021
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89. The Simons Observatory Microwave SQUID Multiplexing Detector Module Design

Author

McCarrick, Heather, primary, Healy, Erin, additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Arnold, Kam, additional, Atkins, Zachary, additional, Austermann, Jason E., additional, Bhandarkar, Tanay, additional, Beall, James A., additional, Bruno, Sarah Marie, additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cothard, Nicholas F., additional, Crowley, Kevin D., additional, Dicker, Simon, additional, Dober, Bradley, additional, Duell, Cody J., additional, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Frisch, Josef C., additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Gralla, Megan B., additional, Gudmundsson, Jon E., additional, Henderson, Shawn W., additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, additional, Huber, Zachary B., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Iuliano, Jeffrey, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Kofman, Anna M., additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lashner, Jack, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Li, Yaqiong, additional, Link, Michael J., additional, Lucas, Tammy J., additional, Lungu, Marius, additional, Mates, J. A. B., additional, McMahon, Jeffrey J., additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Orlowski-Scherer, John, additional, Seibert, Joseph, additional, Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano, additional, Simon, Sara M., additional, Staggs, Suzanne, additional, Suzuki, Aritoki, additional, Terasaki, Tomoki, additional, Thornton, Robert, additional, Ullom, Joel N., additional, Vavagiakis, Eve M., additional, Vale, Leila R., additional, Van Lanen, Jeff, additional, Vissers, Michael R., additional, Wang, Yuhan, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Young, Edward, additional, Yu, Cyndia, additional, Zheng, Kaiwen, additional, and Zhu, Ningfeng, additional

Published
2021
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90. Simons Observatory HoloSim-ML: machine learning applied to the efficient analysis of radio holography measurements of complex optical systems

Author

Chesmore, Grace E., primary, Adler, Alexandre E., additional, Cothard, Nicholas F., additional, Dachlythra, Nadia, additional, Gallardo, Patricio A., additional, Gudmundsson, Jon, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Limon, Michele, additional, McMahon, Jeff, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Puglisi, Giuseppe, additional, Simon, Sara M., additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Wolz, Kevin, additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, and Zhu, Ningfeng, additional

Published
2021
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91. The Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver

Author

Zhu, Ningfeng, primary, Bhandarkar, Tanay, additional, Coppi, Gabriele, additional, Kofman, Anna M., additional, Orlowski-Scherer, John L., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Adachi, Shunsuke, additional, Ade, Peter, additional, Aiola, Simone, additional, Austermann, Jason, additional, Bazarko, Andrew O., additional, Beall, James A., additional, Bhimani, Sanah, additional, Bond, J. Richard, additional, Chesmore, Grace E., additional, Choi, Steve K., additional, Connors, Jake, additional, Cothard, Nicholas F., additional, Devlin, Mark, additional, Dicker, Simon, additional, Dober, Bradley, additional, Duell, Cody J., additional, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Dünner, Rolando, additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Gallardo, Patricio A., additional, Golec, Joseph E., additional, Haridas, Saianeesh K., additional, Harrington, Kathleen, additional, Healy, Erin, additional, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, additional, Huber, Zachary B., additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Iuliano, Jeffrey, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Kiuchi, Kenji, additional, Koopman, Brian J., additional, Lashner, Jack, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Li, Yaqiong, additional, Limon, Michele, additional, Link, Michael, additional, Lucas, Tammy J, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Moore, Jenna, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Newburgh, Laura B., additional, Niemack, Michael D., additional, Pierpaoli, Elena, additional, Randall, Michael J., additional, Sarmiento, Karen Perez, additional, Saunders, Lauren J., additional, Seibert, Joseph, additional, Sierra, Carlos, additional, Sonka, Rita, additional, Spisak, Jacob, additional, Sutariya, Shreya, additional, Tajima, Osamu, additional, Teply, Grant P., additional, Thornton, Robert J., additional, Tsan, Tran, additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Ullom, Joel, additional, Vavagiakis, Eve M., additional, Vissers, Michael R., additional, Walker, Samantha, additional, Westbrook, Benjamin, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, and Zannoni, Mario, additional

Published
2021
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93. Performance of three- and five-stack achromatic half-wave plates at millimeter wavelengths

Author

Matsumura, Tomotake, Hanany, Shaul, Ade, Peter, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, Terry J., Jonnalagadda, Prashanth, and Savini, Giorgia

Subjects
Wave plates -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We study the performance of achromatic half-wave plates (AHWPs) as a function of the detection band-width of a power detector operating in the millimeter wave band and the spectral shape of the incident radiation. We focus particular attention on the extraction of the degree of incident polarization and its orientation angle from the intensity measured as a function of AHWP rotation angle, which we call the IVA (intensity versus angle). We describe the formalism to extract the two incident polarization parameters. We use this formalism to quantify the phase offset of the IVA and point to potential systematic errors in the extraction of this offset in cases where the incident spectrum is not sufficiently well known. We quantify the phase offset and modulation efficiency as a function of the relative angles between the plates in the stack and find that high modulation efficiency can be achieved with alignment accuracy of a few degrees. We present measurements of the spectral response of an AHWP made with five plates. The measurements predict a modulation efficiency that is higher than 98% for three bands centered at 150, 250, and 410 GHz. OCIS codes: 120.5410, 230.4110.

Published
2009

94. DC ionization conductivity of amorphous semiconductors for radiation detection applications

Author

Johnson, Bradley R., Crum, Jarrod V., Sundaram, S.K., Van Ginhoven, Renee M., Seifert, Carolyn E., Riley, Brian J., and Ryan, Joseph V.

Subjects
Amorphous semiconductors -- Properties, Radiation warning systems -- Usage, Ionization -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

DC ionization conductivity measurements were used to characterize the electrical response of amorphous semiconductors to ionizing radiation. Two different glass systems were examined: a chalcopyrite glass (Cd[Ge.sub.x][As.sub.2]; for x = 0.45 - 1.0) with a tetrahedrally coordinated structure and a chalcogenide glass ([As.sub.40][Se.sub.(60-x)][Te.sub.x]; where x = 0-12), with a layered or three dimensionally networked structure, depending on Te content. Changes in DC ionization current were measured as a function of the type of radiation ([alpha] or [gamma]), dose rate, applied field, specimen thickness and temperature. The greatest DC ionization response was measured with Cd[Ge.sub.0.85][As.sub.2] at -40[degrees]C from an alpha source (which is the first reported result for radiation response from an amorphous chalcopyrite semiconductor). Avalanche gain was observed in [As.sub.40][Se.sub.60] with exposure to alpha radiation at fields [greater than or equal to] 7 x [10.sup.3] V/cm. These results demonstrate the potential of these materials for radiation detection applications. Index Terms--Amorphous semiconductors, arsenic tri-selenide [As.sub.2] [Se.sub.3] DC ionization, cadmium germanium di-arsenide, CdGe[As.sub.2].

Published
2009

96. Millimeter-wave achromatic half-wave plate

Author

Hanany, Shaul, Hubmayr, Johannes, Johnson, Bradley R., Matsumura, Tomotake, Oxley, Paul, and Thibodeau, Matthew

Subjects
Optical instruments -- Research, Optics -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We have constructed an achromatic half-wave plate (AHWP) suitable for the millimeter wavelength band. The AHWP was made from a stack of three sapphire a-cut birefringent plates with the optical axes of the middle plate rotated by 50.5 deg with respect to the aligned axes of the other plates. The measured modulation efficiency of the AHWP at 110 GHz was 96 [+ or -] 1.5%. In contrast, the modulation efficiency of a single sapphire plate of the same thickness was 43 [+ or -] 4%. Both results are in close agreement with theoretical predictions. The modulation efficiency of the AHWP was constant as a function of incidence angles between 0 and 15 deg. We discuss design parameters of an AHWP in the context of astrophysical broadband polarimetry at the millimeter wavelength band. OCIS codes: 120.5410, 230.5440, 260.5430, 350.1260.

Published
2005

100. The Simons Observatory Small Aperture Telescope overview

Author

Kiuchi, Kenji, primary, Adachi, Shunsuke, additional, Ali, Aamir M., additional, Arnold, Kam, additional, Ashton, Peter, additional, Austermann, Jason E., additional, Bazako, Andrew, additional, Beall, James A., additional, Chinone, Yuji, additional, Coppi, Gabriele, additional, Crowley, Kevin D., additional, Crowley, Kevin T., additional, Dicker, Simon, additional, Dober, Bradley, additional, Duff, Shannon M., additional, Fabbian, Giulio, additional, Galitzki, Nicholas, additional, Golec, Joseph E., additional, Gudmundsson, Jon E., additional, Harrington, Kathleen, additional, Hasegawa, Masaya, additional, Hattori, Makoto, additional, Hill, Charles A., additional, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, additional, Hubmayr, Johannes, additional, Johnson, Bradley R., additional, Kaneko, Daisuke, additional, Katayama, Nobuhiko, additional, Keating, Brian, additional, Kusaka, Akito, additional, Lashner, Jack, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Matsuda, Frederick, additional, McCarrick, Heather, additional, Murata, Masaaki, additional, Nati, Federico, additional, Nishinomiya, Yume, additional, Page, Lyman, additional, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, Sakaguri, Kana, additional, Sakurai, Yuki, additional, Sibert, Joseph, additional, Spisak, Jacob, additional, Tajima, Osamu, additional, Teply, Grant P., additional, Terasaki, Tomoki, additional, Tsan, Tran, additional, Walker, Samantha, additional, Wollack, Edward J., additional, Xu, Zhilei, additional, Yamada, Kyohei, additional, Zannoni, Mario, additional, and Zhu, Ningfeng, additional

Published
2020
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