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In this study, primarily, tetrachloro‐2‐pyridylmethylspiro‐N/N‐ethylenediamino‐cyclotriphosphazenes (4 and 5) were prepared from the reactions of equimolar amounts of N‐alkyl‐N′‐2‐pyridylmethylethylenediamines, [PyCH2NH(CH2)2NHR (R:CH3, 2 and R:C2H5, 3)], and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene [(HCCP, trimer), N3P3Cl6 (1)]. Compounds 4 and 5 react with secondary amines to yield the fully substituted tetraamino‐2‐pyridylmethylspiro‐N/N‐ethylenediamino‐cyclotriphosphazenes (4a–5c) in dry THF, respectively. These derivatives were obtained by both conventional and microwave‐assisted reactions, and their yields were compared. In addition, it should also be noted that these cyclotriphosphazenes were obtained for use in the investigation of their spectral, crystallographic, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectral data. The crystal structures of 4, 5a, and 5c were clarified by the single crystal X‐ray diffraction technique. Antibacterial activities and biofilm preventions of 4a–c and 5a–c against bacteria, and their antifungal activities against fungi were investigated. According to broth microdilution method, the results showed that all compounds were highly effective against C. albicans. The interactions of these compounds with DNA and their cytotoxic activities against L929 fibroblast and A549 lung cancer cell lines were investigated. In addition, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations of 4, 5a, and 5c were made, and molecular docking studies with DNA and cytochrome P450 enzyme were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, two types of starting compounds; hexachloro(N/O)-cyclotetraphosphazenes containing mono-ferrocenyl-pendant arm, namely, mono-ferrocenyl-2-cis-4-dichloro-ansa-(2,4-ansa; 2) and mono-ferrocenyl-spiro-(spiro; 3) were prepared by the reaction of N4P4Cl8 (1) with sodium 3-(N-ferrocenylmethylamino)-1-propanoxide (L). Reactions of 2,4-ansa (2) with excess benzylamine and n-hexylamine resulted in the formation of partly substituted 2-cis-4-dichloro-ansa-cyclotetraphosphazenes (2a and 2b). In contrast, spiro (3) gave fully substituted mono-ferrocenyl-spiro-cyclotetraphosphazenes (3a and 3b) with excess benzylamine and n-hexylamine. As expected, the 2,4-ansa cyclotetraphosphazenes (2, 2a, and 2b) have two distinct stereogenic P-centers. The structures of cyclotetraphosphazenes were evaluated by elemental analysis, ESI-MS, FTIR, 1H, 13C, and 31P-NMR techniques. The antibacterial and antifungal activities against some selected bacteria and yeast strains, antituberculosis activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, and DNA cleavage activities of mono-ferrocenyl-cyclotetraphosphazenes were also discussed. Compounds 2b, 3a, and 3b exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans (MIC= 156.3 µM) higher than reference antibiotic Ketoconazole. Moreover, four compounds displayed antituberculosis activity against the M. tuberculosis H37RV. Compound 2a (20 μg/mL) is the most potent of the four compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quaternized compounds (PzIL1–9) reacted with sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4) to generate phosphazene based ionic liquids (PzILs), PzIL1a–9a. The newly synthesized ionic compounds (PzIL1a–9a) were verified using elemental CHN analyses and functional and spectroscopic (FTIR and 1H, 13C, 31P-NMR) analyses techniques. The thermal properties of PzIL1a–9a were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). According to the initial decomposition temperature values calculated based on the TGA thermograms, PzIL7a (213 °C) was recognized to be more thermally stable than the other PzILs studied. PzIL1a–9a exhibited good solubility in the water and demonstrate a typical dielectric relaxation behavior, conductivity levels for both low and high-frequency regions. AC conductivity mechanisms and dielectric relaxation behavior of each sample are investigated by fabricating parallel plate capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phosphazenium salts (protic ionic liquids, PILs/protic molten salts, PMOSs) (6a-6d and 7a) of the free phosphazene bases (4a-4d and 5a) have been prepared by the reactions of the corresponding cyclotriphosphazenes with the bulky gentisic acid. The structures of the PMOS have been evaluated using the elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H, 13C{1H} and 31P{1H} NMR data. The molecular and crystal structures of 4a and 6c are established by X-ray crystallography. The thermal properties of the PMOS are determined using TG and DTA techniques. On the other hand, the antimicrobial activities of the free phosphazene bases (4a-4d and 5a-5d) and PMOSs (6a-6d and 7a) are screened against the selected bacteria and yeast strains. The antimicrobial activities of the free phosphazene bases and the PMOSs are compared. The interactions of the phosphazenes and their salts with plasmid DNA are elucidated by the agarose gel electrophoresis. The evaluations of the cytotoxic activities of these compounds are also studied against to L929 fibroblast and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]