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664 results on '"Kawachi, Y."'

53. A randomized phase III trial comparing 4 courses and 8 courses of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy for p-stage II gastric cancer: JCOG1104 (OPAS-1)

Author

Yoshikawa, T., primary, Terashima, M., additional, Mizusawa, J., additional, Nunobe, S., additional, Nishida, Y., additional, Kaji, M., additional, Fukushima, N., additional, Hato, S., additional, Choda, Y., additional, Yabusaki, H., additional, Yoshida, K., additional, Ito, S., additional, Takeno, A., additional, Yasuda, T., additional, Kawachi, Y., additional, Katayama, H., additional, Fukuda, H., additional, Boku, N., additional, Sano, T., additional, and Sasako, M., additional

Published
2017
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60. Lessons from loricrin-deficient mice: compensatory mechanisms maintaining skin barrier function in the absence of a major cornified envelope protein

Author

Koch, P. J., Viragh, P. A., Scharer, E., Bundman, D., Longley, M. A., Bickenbach, J., Kawachi, Y., Suga, Y., Zhou, Z., Marcel Huber, Hohl, D., Kartasova, T., Jarnik, M., Steven, A. C., and Roop, D. R.

Subjects
integumentary system, Adaptation, Biological Amino Acid Sequence Animals Biomechanics Cell Membrane Cloning, Molecular Epidermis/*physiology Intermediate Filament Proteins/biosynthesis Membrane Proteins/deficiency/*genetics Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Molecular Sequence Data Permeability S100 Proteins/biosynthesis Skin Physiology/*genetics Up-Regulation
Abstract

The epidermal cornified cell envelope (CE) is a complex protein-lipid composite that replaces the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. This lamellar structure is essential for the barrier function of the skin and has the ability to prevent the loss of water and ions and to protect from environmental hazards. The major protein of the epidermal CE is loricrin, contributing approximately 70% by mass. We have generated mice that are deficient for this protein. These mice showed a delay in the formation of the skin barrier in embryonic development. At birth, homozygous mutant mice weighed less than control littermates and showed skin abnormalities, such as congenital erythroderma with a shiny, translucent skin. Tape stripping experiments suggested that the stratum corneum stability was reduced in newborn Lor(-/-) mice compared with wild-type controls. Isolated mutant CEs were more easily fragmented by sonication in vitro, indicating a greater susceptibility to mechanical stress. Nevertheless, we did not detect impaired epidermal barrier function in these mice. Surprisingly, the skin phenotype disappeared 4-5 d after birth. At least one of the compensatory mechanisms preventing a more severe skin phenotype in newborn Lor(-/-) mice is an increase in the expression of other CE components, such as SPRRP2D and SPRRP2H, members of the family of "small proline rich proteins", and repetin, a member of the "fused gene" subgroup of the S100 gene family.

Published
2000

76. [Thymidine kinase activities in sera and liver tissues during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats treated with 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB)]

Author

Sakamoto S, Kuwa K, Kawachi Y, Kudo H, Noriyuki Kasahara, Kato T, Okamoto R, Taga H, Hirai H, and Sunaga T

Subjects
Male, Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene, Liver Neoplasms, Experimental, Liver, Animals, Thymidine Kinase, Rats
Abstract

It is known that a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in rat liver can be induced with 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB). In the present study, we investigated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and thymidine kinase (TK), DNA-synthesizing enzyme in the salvage pathway, and tissue TK and its isozyme activities in the liver of rats treated with 3'-MeDAB. Serum TK activities rose abruptly right after the onset of 3'-MeDAB treatment, peaking after one week and then gradually decreasing. At 3 weeks, though serum TK was decreasing, serum AFP and tissue TK began to increase, and oval cells appeared in the liver. At 5 weeks, though serum TK reached a nadir, serum AFP and tissue TK formed transient peaks, and oval cells occupied a major part of the hepatic lobules with hyperplastic nodules. Thereafter, serum TK continued to increase, and serum AFP and tissue TK, after transiently decreasing, re-increased; at 20 weeks, each value was at high level, and mixed type hepatocarcinoma was observed. The liver TK isozymes were separated into 3 types by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. A 3'-MeDAB induced a remarkable increase in activity of cytosolic and fetal type isozyme in non-tumorous regions of livers at 5 weeks and tumorous regions at 20 weeks. These results indicate that biochemical changes in 3'-MeDAB-treated rat liver may provide a valuable insight into two step process in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Published
1990

77. [Effects of hyperthermochemotherapy on activities of DNA-synthesizing enzymes in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinomas in rats]

Author

Sakamoto S, Kudo H, Kuwa K, Kawasaki T, Noriyuki Kasahara, Kato T, Okamoto R, Kawachi Y, Tominaga S, and Sagara T

Subjects
Dimethylhydrazines, Rats, Inbred Strains, Hyperthermia, Induced, Thymidylate Synthase, Adenocarcinoma, Combined Modality Therapy, Thymidine Kinase, 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, Rats, Isoenzymes, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Colonic Neoplasms, Animals, Uracil, Tegafur
Abstract

It has been known that a high incidence of adenocarcinoma in distal colon can be induced by s.c. injection of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) into rats at weekly intervals. We investigated effects of radiofrequency hyperthermia (RF-HT) in combination with anti-cancer drug UFT (a combination of tegafur and uracil) on activities of DNA-synthesizing enzymes, using colon carcinomas induced by DMH treatment in rats. 1) Thymidylate synthetase (TS), DNA-synthesizing enzyme in de novo pathway of pyrimidine metabolism, increased to approximately 7-fold that of normal control colon in DMH-induced colon carcinomas in activity, but was markedly reduced to 48% of that in the carcinomas by administration of UFT. 2) Thymidine kinase (TK) in salvage pathway increased to approximately 8-fold that of the control in the carcinomas in activity, but was markedly reduced to 25% of that in the carcinomas by RF-HT treatment. 3) The TK-isozyme, that was thought to be a fetal type in the intracellularly cytoplasmic fraction and closely involved in rapid DNA replication, increased to approximately 24-fold that of the control in the carcinomas in activity, but was reduced to the nearly same level as that of the control by RF-HT treatment. This isozyme was labile in thermostability and easy to be inactivated in low pH. 4) The activities of TS and TK in the carcinomas were extremely suppressed by UFT administration in combination with RF-HT treatment. These results indicate that hyperthermochemotherapy with UFT may serve as an available treatment for colon carcinomas.

Published
1990

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