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We present the first results from the ISO-IRASFaint Galaxy Survey (IIFGS), a program designed to obtain ISOobservations of the most distant and luminous galaxies in the IRASFaint Source Survey by filling short gaps in the ISOobserving schedule with pairs of 12 ?m ISOCAM and 90 ?m ISOPHOT observations. As of 1997 October, over 500 sources have been observed, with an ISOCAM detection rate over 80%, covering over 1.25 deg2of sky to an 11.5 ?m point-source completeness limit of approximately 1.0 mJy (corresponding to a ~10 ? detection sensitivity). Observations are presented for nine sources detected by ISOPHOT and ISOCAM early in the survey for which we have ground-based G- and I-band images and optical spectroscopy. The ground-based data confirm that the IIFGS strategy efficiently detects moderate-redshift (z= 0.11-0.38 for this small sample) strong emission line galaxies with L60 ?m1011L?; one of our sample has L60 ?m> 1012L?(H0= 75 km s-1Mpc-1, ? = 1). The infrared-optical spectral energy distributions are comparable to those of nearby luminous infrared galaxies, which span the range from pure starburst (e.g., Arp 220) to infrared QSO (Mrk 231). Two of the systems show signs of strong interaction, and four show active galactic nucleus (AGN)-like excitation; one of the AGNs, F15390+6038, which shows a high excitation Seyfert 2 spectrum, has an unusually warm far- to mid-infrared color and may be an obscured QSO. The IIFGS sample is one of the largest and deepest samples of infrared-luminous galaxies available, promising to be a rich sample for studying infrared-luminous galaxies up to z~ 1 and for understanding the evolution of infrared galaxies and the star formation rate in the universe.