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343 results on '"Komatsu, Hikaru"'

94. Is knowledge capital theory degenerate? PIAAC, PISA, and economic growth.

Author

Rappleye, Jeremy and Komatsu, Hikaru

Subjects
*ECONOMIC development, *GROSS domestic product, *HUMAN capital
Abstract

Extending recent analyses using PISA data, the current study utilises the OECD's Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) to test the central claims of knowledge capital theory. PIAAC has a distinct advantage over PISA in that it more directly tests levels of purported 'knowledge capital' across an entire national workforce, rather than offering approximations based on the performance of 15-year-old students. Findings from our two original studies reported herein further refute the tight linkage between cognitive levels and GDP growth per capita envisaged by proponents of knowledge capital, most notably the OECD and World Bank. These results suggest that knowledge capital theory is now degenerate. If scholars are willing to extend this reporting of results refuting knowledge capital theory, this will likely accelerate the theory's loss of momentum in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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96. 樹液流計測と切り木実験により推定したQuercus serrataの蒸散量の比較

Author

Chiu, Chen-Wei, Tateishi, Makiko, Komatsu, Hikaru, and Otsuki, Kyoichi

Subjects
Quercus, 蒸散, cutting-tree experiment, sap flux, 環孔材, 切り木実験, ring-porous, コナラ, calibration, 樹液流, transpiration, キャリブレーション
Abstract

Although the sap-flux method has been widely used to estimate tree transpiration, the accuracy of the estimates has not been sufficiently examined, especially for ring-porous species. Quercus serrata is a ring-porous species that is widely distributed in warm-temperate forests in East Asia, including Japan. We compared the tree transpiration estimated by the sap-flux method using Granier sensors and by a cutting-tree experiment to evaluate the applicability of the sap-flux method to this species. The transpiration estimated by the sap-flux method correlated well (r = 0.985, p < 0.05) with that measured in the cutting-tree experiment, indicating that the sap-flux method succeeded in detecting diurnal changes in transpiration. However, the slope of the regression line was 1.84, indicating that transpiration was underestimated by the sap-flux method. These results suggest that Granier sensors can be used to estimate transpiration in Q. serrata but that calibration is necessary., 樹液流計測は樹木蒸散を推定するために広く用いられているが、環孔材樹種で用いる際の推定精度に関しては十分に検討されていない。コナラ(Quercus serrata)は日本を含む東アジアの温帯林に広く分布する環孔材樹種である。本研究では、樹液流計測(グラニエ法)で推定した樹液流量と切り木実験により得られた吸水量を比較することで、コナラへの樹液流計測の適用可能性を評価した。樹液流量は切り木実験による吸水量と高い相関を示し(r=0.985, p

Published
2014

97. 'Better policies for better lives'?: constructive critique of the OECD's (mis)measure of student well-being.

Author

Rappleye, Jeremy, Komatsu, Hikaru, Uchida, Yukiko, Krys, Kuba, and Markus, Hazel

Subjects
*STUDENT well-being, *HAPPINESS, *COLLEGE students
Abstract

Facing increasing critique that PISA focuses too narrowly on cognitive achievement and human/knowledge capital, the OECD has recently shifted some of its focus to student happiness. The 2017 Students' Well-Being report distinguishes between 'happy schools' and 'unhappy schools', showing that among students who combined high performance and life satisfaction, northern European countries topped the charts. Meanwhile, students in East Asian countries including Japan, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea registered the lowest 'life satisfaction' scores among all participating countries. This piece points out some of the problems inherent in the OECD's recent turn to happiness, problematizing the OECD yardstick of life satisfaction. Attempting to keep the critique constructive, we suggest that the OECD may want to consider using alternative metrics, then briefly highlight one developed in East Asia from different first assumptions: the Interdependent Happiness Scale. In conclusion we flag, but cannot answer, some related educational questions concerning policy, pedagogy, and priorities for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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