2,134 results on '"Lang, Thomas"'
Search Results
52. Quantum Monte Carlo simulation of the chiral Heisenberg Gross-Neveu-Yukawa phase transition with a single Dirac cone
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Lang, Thomas C. and Läuchli, Andreas M.
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,High Energy Physics - Lattice - Abstract
We present quantum Monte Carlo simulations for the chiral Heisenberg Gross-Neveu-Yukawa quantum phase transition of relativistic fermions with $N=4$ Dirac spinor components subject to a repulsive, local four fermion interaction in 2+1$d$. Here we employ a two dimensional lattice Hamiltonian with a single, spin-degenerate Dirac cone, which exactly reproduces a linear energy-momentum relation for all finite size lattice momenta in the absence of interactions. This allows us to significantly reduce finite size corrections compared to the widely studied honeycomb and $\pi$-flux lattices. A Hubbard term dynamically generates a mass beyond a critical coupling of ${U_c = 6.76(1)}$ as the system acquires antiferromagnetic order and SU(2) spin rotational symmetry is spontaneously broken. At the quantum phase transition we extract a self-consistent set of critical exponents ${\nu = 0.98(1)}$, ${\eta_{\phi} = 0.53(1)}$, ${\eta_{\psi} = 0.18(1)}$, ${\beta = 0.75(1)}$. We provide evidence for the continuous degradation of the quasi-particle weight of the fermionic excitations as the critical point is approached from the semimetallic phase. Finally we study the effective "speed of light" of the low-energy relativistic description, which depends on the interaction $U$, but is expected to be regular across the quantum phase transition. We illustrate that the strongly coupled bosonic and fermionic excitations share a common velocity at the critical point., Comment: 6+6 pages, 12 figures
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- 2018
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53. Changes in Lean Mass, Absolute and Relative Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance After Gastric Bypass Surgery.
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Alba, Diana L, Wu, Lucy, Cawthon, Peggy M, Mulligan, Kathleen, Lang, Thomas, Patel, Sheena, King, Nicole J, Carter, Jonathan T, Rogers, Stanley J, Posselt, Andrew M, Stewart, Lygia, Shoback, Dolores M, and Schafer, Anne L
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Muscle ,Skeletal ,Humans ,Obesity ,Morbid ,Weight Loss ,Absorptiometry ,Photon ,Hand Strength ,Treatment Outcome ,Gastric Bypass ,Prospective Studies ,Body Composition ,Adult ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Physical Functional Performance ,Muscle ,Skeletal ,Obesity ,Morbid ,Absorptiometry ,Photon ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Clinical Sciences ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine - Abstract
ContextBariatric surgery results in reduced muscle mass as weight is lost, but postoperative changes in muscle strength and performance are incompletely understood.ObjectiveTo examine changes in body composition, strength, physical activity, and physical performance following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).Design, participants, outcomesIn a prospective cohort of 47 adults (37 women, 10 men) aged 45 ± 12 years (mean ± SD) with body mass index (BMI) 44 ± 8 kg/m2, we measured body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip strength, physical activity, and physical performance (chair stand time, gait speed, 400-m walk time) before and 6 and 12 months after RYGB. Relative strength was calculated as absolute handgrip strength/BMI and as absolute strength/appendicular lean mass (ALM).ResultsParticipants experienced substantial 12-month decreases in weight (-37 ± 10 kg or 30% ± 7%), fat mass (-48% ± 12%), and total lean mass (-13% ± 6%). Mean absolute strength declined by 9% ± 17% (P < 0.01). In contrast, relative strength increased by 32% ± 25% (strength/BMI) and 9% ± 20% (strength/ALM) (P < 0.01 for both). There were clinically significant postoperative improvements in all physical performance measures, including mean improvement in gait speed of >0.1 m/s (P < 0.01) and decrease in 400-m walk time of nearly a full minute.ConclusionsIn the setting of dramatic weight loss, lean mass and absolute grip strength declined after RYGB. However, relative muscle strength and physical function improved meaningfully and are thus noteworthy positive outcomes of gastric bypass.
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- 2019
54. Disentangling the genetics of lean mass.
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Karasik, David, Zillikens, M Carola, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Aghdassi, Ali, Akesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Bochud, Murielle, Borecki, Ingrid B, Broer, Linda, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos-Obando, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Chambers, John C, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Choi, Hyung Jin, Chou, Wen-Chi, Cummings, Steven R, de Groot, Lisette CPGM, De Jager, Phillip L, Demuth, Ilja, Diatchenko, Luda, Econs, Michael J, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Eriksson, Joel, Eriksson, Johan G, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Gieger, Christian, Grallert, Harald, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lenore, Launer J, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Homuth, Georg, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Johnson, Toby, Biffar, Reiner, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koller, Daniel L, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lill, Christina, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, Liu, Yongmei, Livshits, Gregory, Ljunggren, Östen, Loos, Ruth JF, Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Luben, Robert N, Malkin, Ida, McGuigan, Fiona E, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Meitinger, Thomas, Melhus, Håkan, Mellström, Dan, Michaëlsson, Karl, Mitchell, Braxton D, Morris, Andrew P, Mosekilde, Leif, Nethander, Maria, Newman, Anne B, O'Connell, Jeffery R, Oostra, Ben A, Orwoll, Eric S, Palotie, Aarno, Peacock, Munro, and Perola, Markus
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Muscle ,Skeletal ,Adipose Tissue ,Body Fluid Compartments ,Humans ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Receptor ,Melanocortin ,Type 4 ,Extracellular Matrix Proteins ,Absorptiometry ,Photon ,Body Composition ,Electric Impedance ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Middle Aged ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Female ,Male ,Versicans ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Young Adult ,ADAMTS Proteins ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,body composition ,skeletal muscle ,body fat ,meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies ,metabolic profile ,Prevention ,Genetics ,Human Genome ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Nutrition & Dietetics ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences - Abstract
BackgroundLean body mass (LM) plays an important role in mobility and metabolic function. We previously identified five loci associated with LM adjusted for fat mass in kilograms. Such an adjustment may reduce the power to identify genetic signals having an association with both lean mass and fat mass.ObjectivesTo determine the impact of different fat mass adjustments on genetic architecture of LM and identify additional LM loci.MethodsWe performed genome-wide association analyses for whole-body LM (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, age2, and height with or without fat mass adjustments (Model 1 no fat adjustment; Model 2 adjustment for fat mass as a percentage of body mass; Model 3 adjustment for fat mass in kilograms).ResultsSeven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in separate loci, including one novel LM locus (TNRC6B), were successfully replicated in an additional 47,227 individuals from 29 cohorts. Based on the strengths of the associations in Model 1 vs Model 3, we divided the LM loci into those with an effect on both lean mass and fat mass in the same direction and refer to those as "sumo wrestler" loci (FTO and MC4R). In contrast, loci with an impact specifically on LM were termed "body builder" loci (VCAN and ADAMTSL3). Using existing available genome-wide association study databases, LM increasing alleles of SNPs in sumo wrestler loci were associated with an adverse metabolic profile, whereas LM increasing alleles of SNPs in "body builder" loci were associated with metabolic protection.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we identified one novel LM locus (TNRC6B). Our results suggest that a genetically determined increase in lean mass might exert either harmful or protective effects on metabolic traits, depending on its relation to fat mass.
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- 2019
55. Hip load capacity cut-points for Astronaut Skeletal Health NASA Finite Element Strength Task Group Recommendations.
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Michalski, Andrew S, Amin, Shreyasee, Cheung, Angela M, Cody, Dianna D, Keyak, Joyce H, Lang, Thomas F, Nicolella, Daniel P, Orwoll, Eric S, Boyd, Steven K, and Sibonga, Jean D
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Osteoporosis ,Aging ,Musculoskeletal - Abstract
Concerns raised at a 2010 Bone Summit held for National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center led experts in finite element (FE) modeling for hip fracture prediction to propose including hip load capacity in the standards for astronaut skeletal health. The current standards for bone are based upon areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurements by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and an adaptation of aBMD cut-points for fragility fractures. Task Group members recommended (i) a minimum permissible outcome limit (POL) for post-mission hip bone load capacity, (ii) use of FE hip load capacity to further screen applicants to astronaut corps, (iii) a minimum pre-flight standard for a second long-duration mission, and (iv) a method for assessing which post-mission physical activities might increase an astronaut's risk for fracture after return. QCT-FE models of eight astronaut were analyzed using nonlinear single-limb stance (NLS) and posterolateral fall (NLF) loading configurations. QCT data from the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) Reykjavik cohort and the Rochester Epidemiology Project were analyzed using identical modeling procedures. The 75th percentile of NLS hip load capacity for fractured elderly males of the AGES cohort (9537N) was selected as a post-mission POL. The NLF model, in combination with a Probabilistic Risk Assessment tool, was used to assess the likelihood of exceeding the hip load capacity during post-flight activities. There was no recommendation to replace the current DXA-based standards. However, FE estimation of hip load capacity appeared more meaningful for younger, physically active astronauts and was recommended to supplement aBMD cut-points.
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- 2019
56. Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With Greater Bone Marrow Adiposity.
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Woods, Gina, Ewing, Susan, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Xu, Kaipin, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Vittinghoff, Eric, Harris, Tamara, Rosen, Clifford, Li, Xiaojuan, Schwartz, Ann, Ix, Joachim, Lang, Thomas, Kado, Deborah, and Hue, Trisha
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Adipose Tissue ,Adiposity ,Aged ,80 and over ,Bone Marrow ,Female ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Humans ,Male ,Renal Insufficiency ,Chronic - Abstract
Bone marrow adiposity is associated with aging, osteoporosis, and reduced hematopoiesis, as well as anorexia nervosa, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms that affect marrow adiposity. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may influence bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), possibly through loss of lean mass or higher circulating levels of sclerostin. To test these hypotheses, we investigated the cross-sectional association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as a measure of kidney function and 1 H-MRS-based measurement of vertebral BMAT (L1 to L4) in 475 older adults from the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik study. Mean BMAT was compared in those with eGFR >60 (n = 297) versus those with eGFR 45 to 60 (n = 120) or eGFR 60 (adjusted mean 53.8%; 95% CI, 52.8 to 54.8) (p = 0.0002). BMAT did not differ in those with eGFR 45 to 60 (adjusted mean 54.3%; 95% CI, 52.8 to 55.9) compared with those with eGFR >60 (p = 0.58). In a subgroup of participants with serum sclerostin available (n = 253), additional adjustment for sclerostin attenuated the difference in adjusted mean vertebral BMAT between those with eGFR 60 from 3.7% (p = 0.04) to 2.4% (p = 0.20). CKD stage 3b or worse was associated with greater bone marrow adiposity; this association may be partially mediated by sclerostin. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2018
57. Simulation-Guided Analysis towards Trench Depth Optimization for Enhanced Flexibility in Stretch-Free, Shape-Induced Interconnects for Flexible Electronics.
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Joch, Daniel, Lang, Thomas, Sanctis, Shawn, and Jank, Michael P. M.
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SPIN coating , *FLEXIBLE electronics , *STRESS concentration , *SHEARING force , *STRUCTURAL design - Abstract
In this paper, we present an optimization of the planar manufacturing scheme for stretch-free, shape-induced metal interconnects to simplify fabrication with the aim of maximizing the flexibility in a structure regarding stress and strain. The formation of trenches between silicon islands is actively used in the lithographic process to create arc shape structures by spin coating resists into the trenches. The resulting resist form is used as a template for the metal lines, which are structured on top. Because this arc shape is beneficial for the flexibility of these bridges. The trench depth as a key parameter for the stress distribution is investigated by applying numerical simulations. The simulated results show that the increase in penetration depth of the metal bridge into the trench increases the tensile load which is converted into a shear force Q(x), that usually leads to increased strains the structure can generate. For the fabrication, the filling of the trenches with resists is optimized by varying the spin speed. Compared to theoretical resistance, the current–voltage measurements of the metal bridges show a similar behavior and almost every structural variation is capable of functioning as a flexible electrical interconnect in a complete island-bridge array. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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58. Spontaneous particle-hole symmetry breaking of correlated fermions on the Lieb lattice
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Bercx, Martin, Hofmann, Johannes S., Assaad, Fakher F., and Lang, Thomas C.
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We study spinless fermions with nearest-neighbor repulsive interactions ($t$-$V$ model) on the two-dimensional three-band Lieb lattice. At half-filling, the free electronic band structure consists of a flat band at zero energy and a single cone with linear dispersion. The flat band is expected to be unstable upon inclusion of electronic correlations, and a natural channel is charge order. However, due to the three-orbital unit cell, commensurate charge order implies an imbalance of electron and hole densities and therefore doping away from half-filling. Our numerical results show that below a finite-temperature Ising transition a charge density wave with one electron and two holes per unit cell and its partner under particle-hole transformation are spontaneously generated. Our calculations are based on recent advances in auxiliary-field and continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo simulations that allow sign-free simulations of spinless fermions at half-filling. It is argued that particle-hole symmetry breaking provides a route to access levels of finite doping, without introducing a sign problem., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, added data for strong Coulomb repulsion and classical Ising-limit
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- 2016
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59. Sex differences in the spatial distribution of bone in relation to incident hip fracture: Findings from the AGES-Reykjavik study
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Marques, Elisa A, Carballido-Gamio, Julio, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Aspelund, Thor, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Launer, Lenore, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Lang, Thomas, and Harris, Tamara B
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Osteoporosis ,Clinical Research ,Prevention ,Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects ,Musculoskeletal ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Aging ,Bone Density ,Cohort Studies ,Female ,Femur ,Hip Fractures ,Humans ,Iceland ,Male ,Sex Characteristics ,Bone ,Quantitative computed tomography ,Bone mineral density ,Cortical bone thickness ,Voxel-based morphometry (VBM ,Statistical parametric mapping ,Tensor-based morphometry ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
In this case-cohort study, we used data-driven computational anatomy approaches to assess within and between sex spatial differences in proximal femoral bone characteristics in relation to incident hip fracture. One hundred male and 234 female incident hip fracture cases, and 1047 randomly selected noncase subcohort participants (562 female) were chosen from the population-based AGES-Reykjavik study (mean age of 77 years). The baseline -i.e. before hip fracture- hip quantitative computed tomography scans of these subjects were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry, tensor-based morphometry, and surface-based statistical parametric mapping to assess the spatial distribution of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), internal structure, and cortical bone properties (thickness, vBMD and trabecular vBMD adjacent to the endosteal surface) of the proximal femur, respectively, in relation to incident hip fracture. Results showed that in both men and women: 1) the superior aspect of the femoral neck and the trochanteric region (except for cortical bone thickness) were consistently identified as being associated with incident hip fracture, and 2) differences in bone properties between noncases and incident hip fracture cases followed similar trends, were located at compatible regions, and manifested heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of their magnitude with focal regions showing larger differences. With respect to sex differences, most of the regions with a significant interaction between fracture group and sex showed: 1) differences of greater magnitude in men between noncases and incident hip fracture cases with different spatial distributions for all bone properties with the exception of cortical bone thickness, and 2) that while most of these regions showed better bone quality in male cases than in female cases, female cases showed higher vBMD in the principal compressive group and higher endotrabecular vBMD at several regions including the anterior, posterior, and lateral aspects of the proximal femur. These findings indicate the value of these image analysis techniques by providing unique information about the specific patterns of bone deterioration associated with incident hip fracture and their sex differences, highlighting the importance of looking to men and women separately in the assessment of hip fracture risk.
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- 2018
60. Cigarette smoking and hip volumetric bone mineral density and cortical volume loss in older adults: The AGES-Reykjavik study
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Marques, Elisa A, Elbejjani, Martine, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, Lang, Thomas, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Aspelund, Thor, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Launer, Lenore, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, and Harris, Tamara B
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Prevention ,Osteoporosis ,Clinical Research ,Aging ,Tobacco ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,and promotion of well-being ,3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing ,Cancer ,Musculoskeletal ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Bone Density ,Bone Resorption ,Cigarette Smoking ,Cortical Bone ,Female ,Humans ,Iceland ,Male ,Pelvic Bones ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,Bone QCT ,General population studies ,Proximal femur ,Smoker ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationships of several indicators of cigarette smoking habits (smoking status, pack-years, age at smoking initiation and smoking cessation) with quantitative computed tomographic (QCT)-derived proximal femur bone measures (trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD and the ratio of cortical to total tissue volume (cvol/ivol)) and with subsequent change in these measures over the next five years. A total of 2673 older adults (55.9% women), aged 66-92 years at baseline from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study, who had two QCT scans of the hip were studied. In multivariable linear regression models, compared to never-smokers, current smokers had lower cvol/ivol at baseline and former-smokers had poorer measures on all outcomes (lower trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD and cvol/ivol), even when adjusted for several potential confounders. Further, among former smokers, those with higher pack-years had worse bone outcomes and those with longer duration since smoking cessation had better bone health at baseline. Analyses of change in bone measures revealed that compared to never-smokers, current smokers had significantly greater loss of trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD, and cvol/ivol. The regression models included adjustment for sex, age, education, and baseline body mass index, creatinine, % weight change from age 50, 25OHD, physical activity level, high-sensitive C-Reactive protein levels, alcohol and coffee consumption, history of diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and respiratory diseases. In conclusion, both current and former smoking showed adverse associations with bone health assessed with QCT. Results suggest that current smoking in particular may aggravate the rate of bone loss at older age and highlight implications for targeting this risk factor in populations that present higher smoking prevalence and vulnerability to bone fragility.
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- 2018
61. Sex hormones are negatively associated with vertebral bone marrow fat
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Mistry, Swaroop D, Woods, Gina N, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Ewing, Susan K, Hue, Trisha F, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Xu, Kaipin, Hilton, Joan F, Kado, Deborah M, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harris, Tamara B, Rosen, Clifford J, Lang, Thomas F, Li, Xiaojuan, and Schwartz, Ann V
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Aging ,Women's Health ,Estrogen ,Adiposity ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Bone Marrow ,Estradiol ,Female ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Humans ,Male ,Testosterone ,Sex hormones ,Vertebral bone marrow fat ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
ContextHigher bone marrow fat (BMF)1 is associated with osteoporosis and reduced hematopoiesis. Exogenous estradiol reduces BMF in older women, but effects of endogenous sex hormones are unknown.ObjectiveTo determine if endogenous sex hormones are associated with BMF in older men and women.Design, setting and participantsCross-sectional study in the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) Reykjavik cohort. Participants using medications that may affect BMF were excluded.Main outcome measuresVertebral BMF was measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Estradiol, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin were measured on archived serum. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, total percent body fat and visit window.ResultsAnalyses included 244 men and 226 women, mean age 81.5 (SD 4.1) years. Mean BMF was 54.1% (SD 8.6) (men) and 54.7% (SD 8.1) (women). In adjusted models, per 1pg/ml increase in total estradiol, there was a statistically significant 0.26% decrease in BMF in men (95% CI: -0.41, -0.11) and a non-significant 0.20% decrease in women (95% CI: -0.55, 0.15), with no evidence of interaction by gender (p=0.88). Per 10ng/dl increase in total testosterone, there was a significant 0.10% decrease in BMF in men (95% CI: -0.17, -0.03) and a non-significant 0.13% (95% CI: -0.79, 0.53) decrease in women, with no evidence of interaction by gender (p=0.97).ConclusionHigher bone marrow fat is associated with lower total estradiol and testosterone levels in older men, with a similar but statistically non-significant association in older women. Sex hormone levels appear to play a role in the regulation of bone marrow fat in older adults.
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- 2018
62. 11 C- L -methyl methionine dynamic PET/CT of skeletal muscle: response to protein supplementation compared to L -[ring 13 C 6 ] phenylalanine infusion with serial muscle biopsy
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Arentson-Lantz, Emily J, Saeed, Isra H, Frassetto, Lynda A, Masharani, Umesh, Harnish, Roy J, Seo, Youngho, VanBrocklin, Henry F, Hawkins, Randall A, Mari-Aparici, Carina, Pampaloni, Miguel H, Slater, James, Paddon-Jones, Douglas, and Lang, Thomas F
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- 2017
63. Erratum: Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass.
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Zillikens, M Carola, Demissie, Serkalem, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Chou, Wen-Chi, Stolk, Lisette, Livshits, Gregory, Broer, Linda, Johnson, Toby, Koller, Daniel L, Kutalik, Zoltán, Luan, Jian'an, Malkin, Ida, Ried, Janina S, Smith, Albert V, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Hua Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Weihua, Aghdassi, Ali, Åkesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Baier, Leslie J, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Biffar, Rainer, Bochud, Murielle, Boehnke, Michael, Borecki, Ingrid B, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos Obanda, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Cederberg, Henna, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Jin Choi, Hyung, Claussnitzer, Melina, Collins, Francis, Cummings, Steven R, De Jager, Philip L, Demuth, Ilja, Dhonukshe-Rutten, Rosalie AM, Diatchenko, Luda, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Erdos, Mike, Eriksson, Johan G, Eriksson, Joel, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Garcia, Melissa, Gieger, Christian, Girke, Thomas, Glazer, Nicole L, Grallert, Harald, Grewal, Jagvir, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hanson, Robert L, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Hoffman, Eric P, Homuth, Georg, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Hubal, Monica J, Hubbard, Alan, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Launer, Lenore J, Lee, Jong-Young, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, and Liu, Yongmei
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Epidemiology ,Biological Sciences ,Health Sciences ,Genetics - Abstract
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this article.
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- 2017
64. Osteocyte-Intrinsic TGF-β Signaling Regulates Bone Quality through Perilacunar/Canalicular Remodeling
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Dole, Neha S, Mazur, Courtney M, Acevedo, Claire, Lopez, Justin P, Monteiro, David A, Fowler, Tristan W, Gludovatz, Bernd, Walsh, Flynn, Regan, Jenna N, Messina, Sara, Evans, Daniel S, Lang, Thomas F, Zhang, Bin, Ritchie, Robert O, Mohammad, Khalid S, and Alliston, Tamara
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Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Underpinning research ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Musculoskeletal ,Animals ,Bone Remodeling ,Bone and Bones ,Cell Line ,Immunohistochemistry ,Male ,Mice ,Osteocytes ,Signal Transduction ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,TGF-β ,bone fragility ,bone quality ,osteocyte ,perilacunar/canalicular remodeling ,Medical Physiology ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Poor bone quality contributes to bone fragility in diabetes, aging, and osteogenesis imperfecta. However, the mechanisms controlling bone quality are not well understood, contributing to the current lack of strategies to diagnose or treat bone quality deficits. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is a crucial mechanism known to regulate the material quality of bone, but its cellular target in this regulation is unknown. Studies showing that osteocytes directly remodel their perilacunar/canalicular matrix led us to hypothesize that TGF-β controls bone quality through perilacunar/canalicular remodeling (PLR). Using inhibitors and mice with an osteocyte-intrinsic defect in TGF-β signaling (TβRIIocy-/-), we show that TGF-β regulates PLR in a cell-intrinsic manner to control bone quality. Altogether, this study emphasizes that osteocytes are key in executing the biological control of bone quality through PLR, thereby highlighting the fundamental role of osteocyte-mediated PLR in bone homeostasis and fragility.
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- 2017
65. Acute abdominal aortic occlusion: A 16-year single-center experience
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Sieber, Sabine, Stoklasa, Kerstin, Reutersberg, Benedikt, Stadlbauer, Thomas, Salvermoser, Michael, Lang, Thomas, Busch, Albert, and Eckstein, Hans-Henning
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- 2021
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66. Fighting Panic with an App: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Effectiveness of a Smartphone-Based Self-Management Tool
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Spies, Justine Marie-Louise, primary, Lang, Thomas, additional, and Helbig-Lang, Sylvia, additional
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- 2024
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67. Krankheiten der extrahepatischen Gallenwege
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Lang, Thomas, Lentze, Michael J., Section editor, Hoffmann, Georg F., editor, Lentze, Michael J., editor, Spranger, Jürgen, editor, Zepp, Fred, editor, Berner, Reinhard, editor, Schaub, Jürgen, Founding Editor, and Schulte, Franz-Josef, Founding Editor
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- 2020
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68. Motivierende Interventionsstrategien
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Hoyer, Jürgen, Lang, Thomas, Hoyer, Jürgen, editor, and Knappe, Susanne, editor
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- 2020
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69. Reizkonfrontationsmethoden
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Neudeck, Peter, Lang, Thomas, Hoyer, Jürgen, editor, and Knappe, Susanne, editor
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- 2020
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70. Transfer of exposure therapy effects to a threat context not considered during treatment in patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia: Implications for potential mechanisms of change
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Richter, Jan, Pané-Farré, Christiane A., Gerlach, Alexander L., Gloster, Andrew T., Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lang, Thomas, Alpers, Georg W., Helbig-Lang, Sylvia, Deckert, Jürgen, Fydrich, Thomas, Fehm, Lydia, Ströhle, Andreas, Kircher, Tilo, Arolt, Volker, and Hamm, Alfons O.
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- 2021
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71. Genome-wide association study of panic disorder reveals genetic overlap with neuroticism and depression
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Forstner, Andreas J., Awasthi, Swapnil, Wolf, Christiane, Maron, Eduard, Erhardt, Angelika, Czamara, Darina, Eriksson, Elias, Lavebratt, Catharina, Allgulander, Christer, Friedrich, Nina, Becker, Jessica, Hecker, Julian, Rambau, Stefanie, Conrad, Rupert, Geiser, Franziska, McMahon, Francis J., Moebus, Susanne, Hess, Timo, Buerfent, Benedikt C., Hoffmann, Per, Herms, Stefan, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Kockum, Ingrid, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, Weber, Heike, Alpers, Georg W., Arolt, Volker, Fehm, Lydia, Fydrich, Thomas, Gerlach, Alexander L., Hamm, Alfons, Kircher, Tilo, Pané-Farré, Christiane A., Pauli, Paul, Rief, Winfried, Ströhle, Andreas, Plag, Jens, Lang, Thomas, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Mattheisen, Manuel, Meier, Sandra, Metspalu, Andres, Domschke, Katharina, Reif, Andreas, Hovatta, Iiris, Lindefors, Nils, Andersson, Evelyn, Schalling, Martin, Mbarek, Hamdi, Milaneschi, Yuri, de Geus, Eco J. C., Boomsma, Dorret I., Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E., Steinberg, Stacy, Stefansson, Kari, Stefansson, Hreinn, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Hansen, Thomas Folkmann, Børglum, Anders D., Werge, Thomas, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Nordentoft, Merete, Hougaard, David M., Hultman, Christina M., Sullivan, Patrick F., Nöthen, Markus M., Woldbye, David P. D., Mors, Ole, Binder, Elisabeth B., Rück, Christian, Ripke, Stephan, Deckert, Jürgen, and Schumacher, Johannes
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- 2021
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72. Quantum simulation of 2D antiferromagnets with hundreds of Rydberg atoms
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Scholl, Pascal, Schuler, Michael, Williams, Hannah J., Eberharter, Alexander A., Barredo, Daniel, Schymik, Kai-Niklas, Lienhard, Vincent, Henry, Louis-Paul, Lang, Thomas C., Lahaye, Thierry, Läuchli, Andreas M., and Browaeys, Antoine
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- 2021
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73. Interaction induced Dirac fermions from quadratic band touching in bilayer graphene
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Pujari, Sumiran, Lang, Thomas C., Murthy, Ganpathy, and Kaul, Ribhu K.
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
We revisit the effect of local interactions on the quadratic band touching (QBT) of Bernal stacked bilayer graphene models using renormalization group (RG) arguments and quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbard model. We present an RG argument which predicts, contrary to previous studies, that weak interactions do not flow to strong coupling even if the free dispersion has a QBT. Instead they generate a linear term in the dispersion, which causes the interactions to flow back to weak coupling. Consistent with this RG scenario, in unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbard model we find compelling evidence that antiferromagnetism turns on at a finite $U/t$, despite the $U=0$ hopping problem having a QBT. The onset of antiferromagnetism takes place at a continuous transition which is consistent with a dynamical critical exponent $z=1$ as expected for 2+1 d Gross-Neveu criticality. We conclude that generically in models of bilayer graphene, even if the free dispersion has a QBT, small local interactions generate a Dirac phase with no symmetry breaking and that there is a finite-coupling transition out of this phase to a symmetry-broken state.
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- 2016
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74. Therapygenetic effects of 5-HTTLPR on cognitive-behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis
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Schiele, Miriam A., Reif, Andreas, Lin, Jiaxi, Alpers, Georg W., Andersson, Evelyn, Andersson, Gerhard, Arolt, Volker, Bergström, Jan, Carlbring, Per, Eley, Thalia C., Esquivel, Gabriel, Furmark, Tomas, Gerlach, Alexander L., Hamm, Alfons, Helbig-Lang, Sylvia, Hudson, Jennifer L., Lang, Thomas, Lester, Kathryn J., Lindefors, Nils, Lonsdorf, Tina B., Pauli, Paul, Richter, Jan, Rief, Winfried, Roberts, Susanna, Rück, Christian, Schruers, Koen R.J., Thiel, Christiane, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Domschke, Katharina, Weber, Heike, and Lueken, Ulrike
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- 2021
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75. Spatial Differences in the Distribution of Bone Between Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures
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Yu, Aihong, Carballido‐Gamio, Julio, Wang, Ling, Lang, Thomas F, Su, Yongbin, Wu, Xinbao, Wang, Manyi, Wei, Jie, Yi, Chen, and Cheng, Xiaoguang
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Osteoporosis ,Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects ,Musculoskeletal ,Injuries and accidents ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Bone Density ,Female ,Femoral Neck Fractures ,Hip Fractures ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,PROXIMAL FEMUR ,QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ,VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY ,STATISTICAL PARAMETRIC MAPPING ,FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE ,TROCHANTERIC FRACTURE ,BONE MINERAL DENSITY ,CORTICAL BONE THICKNESS ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
There is little knowledge about the spatial distribution differences in volumetric bone mineral density and cortical bone structure at the proximal femur between femoral neck fractures and trochanteric fractures. In this case-control study, a total of 93 women with fragility hip fractures, 72 with femoral neck fractures (mean ± SD age: 70.6 ± 12.7 years) and 21 with trochanteric fractures (75.6 ± 9.3 years), and 50 control subjects (63.7 ± 7.0 years) were included for the comparisons. Differences in the spatial distributions of volumetric bone mineral density, cortical bone thickness, cortical volumetric bone mineral density, and volumetric bone mineral density in a layer adjacent to the endosteal surface were investigated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based statistical parametric mapping (SPM). We compared these spatial distributions between controls and both types of fracture, and between the two types of fracture. Using VBM, we found spatially heterogeneous volumetric bone mineral density differences between control subjects and subjects with hip fracture that varied by fracture type. Interestingly, femoral neck fracture subjects, but not subjects with trochanteric fracture, showed significantly lower volumetric bone mineral density in the superior aspect of the femoral neck compared with controls. Using surface-based SPM, we found that compared with controls, both fracture types showed thinner cortices in regions in agreement with the type of fracture. Most outcomes of cortical and endocortical volumetric bone mineral density comparisons were consistent with VBM results. Our results suggest: 1) that the spatial distribution of trabecular volumetric bone mineral density might play a significant role in hip fracture; 2) that focal cortical bone thinning might be more relevant in femoral neck fractures; and 3) that areas of reduced cortical and endocortical volumetric bone mineral density might be more relevant for trochanteric fractures in Chinese women. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2017
76. Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass.
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Zillikens, M Carola, Demissie, Serkalem, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Chou, Wen-Chi, Stolk, Lisette, Livshits, Gregory, Broer, Linda, Johnson, Toby, Koller, Daniel L, Kutalik, Zoltán, Luan, Jian'an, Malkin, Ida, Ried, Janina S, Smith, Albert V, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Hua Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Weihua, Aghdassi, Ali, Åkesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Baier, Leslie J, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Biffar, Rainer, Bochud, Murielle, Boehnke, Michael, Borecki, Ingrid B, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos Obanda, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Cederberg, Henna, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Jin Choi, Hyung, Claussnitzer, Melina, Collins, Francis, Cummings, Steven R, De Jager, Philip L, Demuth, Ilja, Dhonukshe-Rutten, Rosalie AM, Diatchenko, Luda, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Erdos, Mike, Eriksson, Johan G, Eriksson, Joel, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Garcia, Melissa, Gieger, Christian, Girke, Thomas, Glazer, Nicole L, Grallert, Harald, Grewal, Jagvir, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hanson, Robert L, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Hoffman, Eric P, Homuth, Georg, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Hubal, Monica J, Hubbard, Alan, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Launer, Lenore J, Lee, Jong-Young, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, and Liu, Yongmei
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Humans ,Thinness ,17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ,Aldehyde Oxidoreductases ,Extracellular Matrix Proteins ,Body Composition ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,Regulatory Elements ,Transcriptional ,Versicans ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ,ADAMTS Proteins ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,Human Genome ,Genetics ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning - Abstract
Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p
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- 2017
77. Associations of 24-hour sleep duration and CT-derived measurements of muscle and bone: The AGES-Reykjavik Study
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Marques, Elisa A, Figueiredo, Pedro, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lang, Thomas, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Aspelund, Thor, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Launer, Lenore, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, and Harris, Tamara B
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Health Sciences ,Sleep Research ,Prevention ,Musculoskeletal ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Aging ,Bone Density ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Femur ,Humans ,Male ,Muscle ,Skeletal ,Sleep ,Thigh ,Time Factors ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,Computed tomography ,Proximal femur ,Muscle composition ,Fat infiltration ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Gerontology ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the importance of sleep on preservation of several physiological functions is well known, the relationship with the two interconnected tissues - muscle and bone is less understood.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association of 24-hour sleep duration with mid-thigh muscle composition and proximal femur volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD).Methods2438 men and 3326 women aged 66 to 96years, residents in the Reykjavik area, were included in this cross-sectional study. Proximal femur integral vBMD, mid-thigh muscle area and muscle attenuation were assessed with computed tomography. Sleep and nap habits were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsWe found that after adjustment for age and BMI long sleep duration (>8h/d) was negatively associated with thigh lean area in both men (B=-2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.01, -0.40) and women (B=-2.39, 95% CI: -3.75, -1.03) and with muscle attenuation (B=-0.95, 95% CI: -1.47, -0.43) only in women. After adjustments for age, health and lifestyle factors the association between long sleep duration and muscle lean area was attenuated and became nonsignificant while associations with muscle attenuation remained marginally significant (B=-0.51, 95% CI: -1.03, -0.002). Sleep duration was not associated with proximal femur integral vBMD in the multivariate models.ConclusionLong sleep duration, particularly in old women, can affect thigh muscle attenuation (increase in intramuscular fat). Whether optimization of sleep can ameliorate age-associated intramuscular or intermuscular adipose tissue warrants further studies.
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- 2017
78. Proximal Femur Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Mortality: 13 Years of Follow‐Up of the AGES‐Reykjavik Study
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Marques, Elisa A, Elbejjani, Martine, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, Lang, Thomas, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Aspelund, Thor, Meirelles, Osorio, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Launer, Lenore, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, and Harris, Tamara B
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Prevention ,Aging ,Clinical Research ,Brain Disorders ,Osteoporosis ,Good Health and Well Being ,Aged ,Bone Density ,Bone Resorption ,Cancellous Bone ,Cortical Bone ,Demography ,Female ,Femur ,Follow-Up Studies ,Humans ,Male ,Mortality ,Organ Size ,Risk Factors ,ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY ,BONE LOSS ,TRABECULAR ,CORTICAL ,COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) has been linked to mortality, but little is known about the independent contribution of each endosteal bone compartment and also the rate of bone loss to risk of mortality. We examined the relationships between (1) baseline trabecular and cortical volumetric BMD (vBMD) at the proximal femur, and (2) the rate of trabecular and cortical bone loss and all-cause mortality in older adults from the AGES-Reykjavik study. The analysis of trabecular and cortical vBMD and mortality was based on the baseline cohort of 4654 participants (aged ≥66 years) with a median follow-up of 9.4 years; the association between rate of bone loss and mortality was based on 2653 participants with bone loss data (median follow-up of 5.6 years). Analyses employed multivariable Cox-proportional models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with time-varying fracture status; trabecular and cortical variables were included together in all models. Adjusted for important confounders, Cox models showed that participants in the lowest quartile of trabecular vBMD had an increased risk of mortality compared to participants in other quartiles (HR = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01 to 1.25); baseline cortical vBMD was not related to mortality (HR = 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.20). After adjustment for time-dependent fracture status, results were attenuated and not statistically significant. A faster loss (quartile 1 versus quartiles 2-4) in both trabecular and cortical bone was associated with higher mortality risk (HR = 1.37 and 1.33, respectively); these associations were independent of major potential confounders including time-dependent incident fractures (HR = 1.32 and 1.34, respectively). Overall, data suggest that faster bone losses over time in both the trabecular and cortical bone compartments are associated with mortality risk and that measurements of change in bone health may be more informative than single-point measurements in explaining mortality differences in older adults. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2017
79. 11C-L-methyl methionine dynamic PET/CT of skeletal muscle: response to protein supplementation compared to L-[ring 13C6] phenylalanine infusion with serial muscle biopsy
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Arentson-Lantz, Emily J, Saeed, Isra H, Frassetto, Lynda A, Masharani, Umesh, Harnish, Roy J, Seo, Youngho, VanBrocklin, Henry F, Hawkins, Randall A, Mari-Aparici, Carina, Pampaloni, Miguel H, Slater, James, Paddon-Jones, Douglas, and Lang, Thomas F
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Biomedical Imaging ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Biopsy ,Needle ,Carbon Isotopes ,Female ,Humans ,Methionine ,Muscle ,Skeletal ,Phenylalanine ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Postprandial Period ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,Sarcopenia ,Thigh ,Whey Proteins ,PET/CT ,Human ,Muscle protein synthesis ,FSR ,Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine if clinical dynamic PET/CT imaging with 11C-L-methyl-methionine (11C-MET) in healthy older women can provide an estimate of tissue-level post-absorptive and post-prandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis that is consistent with the more traditional method of calculating fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of muscle protein synthesis from skeletal muscle biopsies obtained during an infusion of L-[ring 13C6] phenylalanine (13C6-Phe).MethodsHealthy older women (73 ± 5 years) completed both dynamic PET/CT imaging with 11C-MET and a stable isotope infusion of 13C6-Phe with biopsies to measure the skeletal muscle protein synthetic response to 25 g of a whey protein supplement. Graphical estimation of the Patlak coefficient Ki from analysis of the dynamic PET/CT images was employed as a measure of incorporation of 11 C-MET in the mid-thigh muscle bundle.ResultsPost-prandial values [mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM)] were higher than post-absorptive values for both Ki (0.0095 ± 0.001 vs. 0.00785 ± 0.001 min-1, p
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- 2017
80. Statistical Parametric Mapping of HR-pQCT Images: A Tool for Population-Based Local Comparisons of Micro-Scale Bone Features
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Carballido-Gamio, Julio, Bonaretti, Serena, Kazakia, Galateia J, Khosla, Sundeep, Majumdar, Sharmila, Lang, Thomas F, and Burghardt, Andrew J
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Engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biomedical Imaging ,Osteoporosis ,Bioengineering ,Adult ,Bone Density ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Radius ,Tibia ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography ,Bone ,Statistical parametric mapping ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Tensor-based morphometry ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
HR-pQCT enables in vivo multi-parametric assessments of bone microstructure in the distal radius and distal tibia. Conventional HR-pQCT image analysis approaches summarize bone parameters into global scalars, discarding relevant spatial information. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) techniques for HR-pQCT studies, which enable population-based local comparisons of bone properties. We present voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to assess trabecular and cortical bone voxel-based features, and a surface-based framework to assess cortical bone features both in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. In addition, we present tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to assess trabecular and cortical bone structural changes. The SPM techniques were evaluated based on scan-rescan HR-pQCT acquisitions with repositioning of the distal radius and distal tibia of 30 subjects. For VBM and surface-based SPM purposes, all scans were spatially normalized to common radial and tibial templates, while for TBM purposes, rescans (follow-up) were spatially normalized to their corresponding scans (baseline). VBM was evaluated based on maps of local bone volume fraction (BV/TV), homogenized volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and homogenized strain energy density (SED) derived from micro-finite element analysis; while the cortical bone framework was evaluated based on surface maps of cortical bone thickness, vBMD, and SED. Voxel-wise and vertex-wise comparisons of bone features were done between the groups of baseline and follow-up scans. TBM was evaluated based on mean square errors of determinants of Jacobians at baseline bone voxels. In both anatomical sites, voxel- and vertex-wise uni- and multi-parametric comparisons yielded non-significant differences, and TBM showed no artefactual bone loss or apposition. The presented SPM techniques demonstrated robust specificity thus warranting their application in future clinical HR-pQCT studies.
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- 2017
81. Operator variability in scan positioning is a major component of HR-pQCT precision error and is reduced by standardized training.
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Bonaretti, S, Vilayphiou, N, Chan, C, Yu, A, Nishiyama, K, Liu, D, Boutroy, S, Ghasem-Zadeh, A, Boyd, S, Chapurlat, R, McKay, H, Shane, E, Bouxsein, M, Orwoll, E, Khosla, S, Black, Dennis, Majumdar, Sharmila, Lang, Thomas, and Burghardt, Andrew
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HR-pQCT ,Multicenter studies ,Operator reproducibility ,Precision ,Standardization ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Anatomic Landmarks ,Clinical Competence ,Female ,Humans ,Inservice Training ,Male ,Osteoporosis ,Radius ,Reproducibility of Results ,Software Design ,Tibia ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed - Abstract
UNLABELLED: In this study, we determined that operator positioning precision contributes significant measurement error in high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Moreover, we developed software to quantify intra- and inter-operator variability and demonstrated that standard positioning training (now available as a web-based application) can significantly reduce inter-operator variability. INTRODUCTION: HR-pQCT is increasingly used to assess bone quality, fracture risk, and anti-fracture interventions. The contribution of the operator has not been adequately accounted in measurement precision. Operators acquire a 2D projection (scout view image) and define the region to be scanned by positioning a reference line on a standard anatomical landmark. In this study, we (i) evaluated the contribution of positioning variability to in vivo measurement precision, (ii) measured intra- and inter-operator positioning variability, and (iii) tested if custom training software led to superior reproducibility in new operators compared to experienced operators. METHODS: To evaluate the operator in vivo measurement precision, we compared precision errors calculated in 64 co-registered and non-co-registered scan-rescan images. To quantify operator variability, we developed software that simulates the positioning process of the scanners software. Eight experienced operators positioned reference lines on scout view images designed to test intra- and inter-operator reproducibility. Finally, we developed modules for training and evaluation of reference line positioning. We enrolled six new operators to participate in a common training, followed by the same reproducibility experiments performed by the experienced group. RESULTS: In vivo precision errors were up to threefold greater (Tt.BMD and Ct.Th) when variability in scan positioning was included. The inter-operator precision errors were significantly greater than the short-term intra-operator precision (p
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- 2017
82. Towards human exploration of space: the THESEUS review series on muscle and bone research priorities
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Lang, Thomas, Van Loon, Jack JWA, Bloomfield, Susan, Vico, Laurence, Chopard, Angele, Rittweger, Joern, Kyparos, Antonios, Blottner, Dieter, Vuori, Ilkka, Gerzer, Rupert, and Cavanagh, Peter R
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Engineering ,Health Sciences ,Biomedical Engineering ,Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects ,Osteoporosis ,Aging ,Musculoskeletal - Abstract
Without effective countermeasures, the musculoskeletal system is altered by the microgravity environment of long-duration spaceflight, resulting in atrophy of bone and muscle tissue, as well as in deficits in the function of cartilage, tendons, and vertebral disks. While inflight countermeasures implemented on the International Space Station have evidenced reduction of bone and muscle loss on low-Earth orbit missions of several months in length, important knowledge gaps must be addressed in order to develop effective strategies for managing human musculoskeletal health on exploration class missions well beyond Earth orbit. Analog environments, such as bed rest and/or isolation environments, may be employed in conjunction with large sample sizes to understand sex differences in countermeasure effectiveness, as well as interaction of exercise with pharmacologic, nutritional, immune system, sleep and psychological countermeasures. Studies of musculoskeletal biomechanics, involving both human subject and computer simulation studies, are essential to developing strategies to avoid bone fractures or other injuries to connective tissue during exercise and extravehicular activities. Animal models may be employed to understand effects of the space environment that cannot be modeled using human analog studies. These include studies of radiation effects on bone and muscle, unraveling the effects of genetics on bone and muscle loss, and characterizing the process of fracture healing in the mechanically unloaded and immuno-compromised spaceflight environment. In addition to setting the stage for evidence-based management of musculoskeletal health in long-duration space missions, the body of knowledge acquired in the process of addressing this array of scientific problems will lend insight into the understanding of terrestrial health conditions such as age-related osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
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- 2017
83. Association of bone turnover markers with volumetric bone loss, periosteal apposition, and fracture risk in older men and women: the AGES-Reykjavik longitudinal study.
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Sigurdsson, G, Sigurdsson, S, Aspelund, T, Siggeirsdottir, K, Launer, L, Eiriksdottir, G, Harris, T, Marques, E, Gudnason, V, and Lang, Thomas
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Aging ,Bone turnover ,Endosteal bone loss ,Fracture risk ,Periosteal apposition ,QCT ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Biomarkers ,Bone Density ,Bone Remodeling ,Female ,Femur Neck ,Fractures ,Bone ,Humans ,Iceland ,Longitudinal Studies ,Male - Abstract
UNLABELLED: Association between serum bone formation and resorption markers and cortical and trabecular bone loss and the concurrent periosteal apposition in a population-based cohort of 1069 older adults was assessed. BTM levels moderately reflect the cellular events at the endosteal and periosteal surfaces but are not associated with fracture risk. INTRODUCTION: We assessed whether circulating bone formation and resorption markers (BTM) were individual predictors for trabecular and cortical bone loss, periosteal expansion, and fracture risk in older adults aged 66 to 93 years from the AGES-Reykjavik study. METHODS: The sample for the quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-derived cortical and trabecular BMD and periosteal expansion analysis consisted of 1069 participants (474 men and 595 women) who had complete baseline (2002 to 2006) and follow-up (2007 to 2011) hip QCT scans and serum baseline BTM. During the median follow-up of 11.7 years (range 5.4-12.5), 54 (11.4 %) men and 182 (30.6 %) women sustained at least one fracture of any type. RESULTS: Increase in BTM levels was associated with faster cortical and trabecular bone loss at the femoral neck and proximal femur in men and women. Higher BTM levels were positively related with periosteal expansion rate at the femoral neck in men. Markers were not associated with fracture risk. CONCLUSION: This data corroborates the notion from few previous studies that both envelopes are metabolically active and that BTM levels may moderately reflect the cellular events at the endosteal and periosteal surfaces. However, our results do not support the routine use of BTM to assess fracture risk in older men and women. In light of these findings, further studies are justified to examine whether systemic markers of bone turnover might prove useful in monitoring skeletal remodeling events and the effects of current osteoporosis drugs at the periosteum.
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- 2016
84. Novel Genetic Variants Associated With Increased Vertebral Volumetric BMD, Reduced Vertebral Fracture Risk, and Increased Expression of SLC1A3 and EPHB2
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Nielson, Carrie M, Liu, Ching‐Ti, Smith, Albert V, Ackert‐Bicknell, Cheryl L, Reppe, Sjur, Jakobsdottir, Johanna, Wassel, Christina, Register, Thomas C, Oei, Ling, Alonso, Nerea, Oei, Edwin H, Parimi, Neeta, Samelson, Elizabeth J, Nalls, Mike A, Zmuda, Joseph, Lang, Thomas, Bouxsein, Mary, Latourelle, Jeanne, Claussnitzer, Melina, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Srikanth, Priya, Lorentzen, Erik, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Langefeld, Carl, Raffield, Laura, Terry, Greg, Cox, Amanda J, Allison, Matthew A, Criqui, Michael H, Bowden, Don, Ikram, M Arfan, Mellström, Dan, Karlsson, Magnus K, Carr, John, Budoff, Matthew, Phillips, Caroline, Cupples, L Adrienne, Chou, Wen‐Chi, Myers, Richard H, Ralston, Stuart H, Gautvik, Kaare M, Cawthon, Peggy M, Cummings, Steven, Karasik, David, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Orwoll, Eric S, Harris, Tamara B, Ohlsson, Claes, Kiel, Douglas P, and Hsu, Yi‐Hsiang
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Biological Sciences ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Genetics ,Human Genome ,Aging ,Osteoporosis ,Biomedical Imaging ,Aetiology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Musculoskeletal ,Animals ,Biopsy ,Bone Density ,Cancellous Bone ,Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Genetic Association Studies ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Humans ,Linkage Disequilibrium ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,Mice ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,Organ Size ,Osteoblasts ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,Receptor ,EphB2 ,Risk Factors ,Spinal Fractures ,Spine ,BONE QCT ,CT ,ANALYSIS ,QUANTITATION OF BONE ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF ,RELATED TO BONE ,GENERAL POPULATION STUDIES ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,HUMAN ASSOCIATION STUDIES ,GENETIC RESEARCH ,FRACTURE RISK ASSESSMENT ,ANALYSIS/QUANTITATION OF BONE ,BONE QCT/μCT ,DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF/RELATED TO BONE ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,HUMAN ASSOCIATION STUDIES ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed numerous loci for areal bone mineral density (aBMD). We completed the first GWAS meta-analysis (n = 15,275) of lumbar spine volumetric BMD (vBMD) measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), allowing for examination of the trabecular bone compartment. SNPs that were significantly associated with vBMD were also examined in two GWAS meta-analyses to determine associations with morphometric vertebral fracture (n = 21,701) and clinical vertebral fracture (n = 5893). Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses of iliac crest biopsies were performed in 84 postmenopausal women, and murine osteoblast expression of genes implicated by eQTL or by proximity to vBMD-associated SNPs was examined. We identified significant vBMD associations with five loci, including: 1p36.12, containing WNT4 and ZBTB40; 8q24, containing TNFRSF11B; and 13q14, containing AKAP11 and TNFSF11. Two loci (5p13 and 1p36.12) also contained associations with radiographic and clinical vertebral fracture, respectively. In 5p13, rs2468531 (minor allele frequency [MAF] = 3%) was associated with higher vBMD (β = 0.22, p = 1.9 × 10-8 ) and decreased risk of radiographic vertebral fracture (odds ratio [OR] = 0.75; false discovery rate [FDR] p = 0.01). In 1p36.12, rs12742784 (MAF = 21%) was associated with higher vBMD (β = 0.09, p = 1.2 × 10-10 ) and decreased risk of clinical vertebral fracture (OR = 0.82; FDR p = 7.4 × 10-4 ). Both SNPs are noncoding and were associated with increased mRNA expression levels in human bone biopsies: rs2468531 with SLC1A3 (β = 0.28, FDR p = 0.01, involved in glutamate signaling and osteogenic response to mechanical loading) and rs12742784 with EPHB2 (β = 0.12, FDR p = 1.7 × 10-3 , functions in bone-related ephrin signaling). Both genes are expressed in murine osteoblasts. This is the first study to link SLC1A3 and EPHB2 to clinically relevant vertebral osteoporosis phenotypes. These results may help elucidate vertebral bone biology and novel approaches to reducing vertebral fracture incidence. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2016
85. Thromboprophylaxis with argatroban in critically ill patients with sepsis: a review
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Bachler, Mirjam, Asmis, Lars M., Koscielny, Jürgen, Lang, Thomas, Nowak, Hartmuth, Paulus, Patrick, Schewe, Jens-Christian, von Heymann, Christian, and Fries, Dietmar
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- 2022
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86. Detection of chemical warfare agent related phenylarsenic compounds and multibiomarker responses in cod (Gadus morhua) from munition dumpsites
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Niemikoski, Hanna, Straumer, Katharina, Ahvo, Aino, Turja, Raisa, Brenner, Matthias, Rautanen, Tomi, Lang, Thomas, Lehtonen, Kari K., and Vanninen, Paula
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- 2020
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87. Elevated accuracy in recognition of subliminal happy facial expressions in patients with panic disorder after psychotherapy.
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Zirong Qian, Yunbo Yang, Domschke, Katharina, Gerlach, Alexander L., Hamm, Alfons, Richter, Jan, Herrmann, Martin J., Deckert, Jürgen, Arolt, Volker, Zwanzger, Peter, Lotze, Martin, Pfleiderer, Bettina, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lang, Thomas, Ströhle, Andreas, Konrad, Carsten, Rief, Winfried, Suslow, Thomas, Jansen, Andreas, and Kircher, Tilo
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COGNITIVE therapy ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,PANIC disorders ,FACIAL expression ,FACIAL expression & emotions (Psychology) ,RECOGNITION (Psychology) ,AGORAPHOBIA - Abstract
Background: Individuals with anxiety disorders (ADs) often display hypervigilance to threat information, although this response may be less pronounced following psychotherapy. This study aims to investigate the unconscious recognition performance of facial expressions in patients with panic disorder (PD) posttreatment, shedding light on alterations in their emotional processing biases. Methods: Patients with PD (n=34) after (exposure-based) cognitive behavior therapy and healthy controls (n=43) performed a subliminal affective recognition task. Emotional facial expressions (fearful, happy, or mirrored) were displayed for 33 ms and backwardly masked by a neutral face. Participants completed a forced choice task to discriminate the briefly presented facial stimulus and an uncovered condition where only the neutral mask was shown. We conducted a secondary analysis to compare groups based on their four possible response types under the four stimulus conditions and examined the correlation of the false alarm rate for fear responses to non-fearful (happy, mirrored, and uncovered) stimuli with clinical anxiety symptoms. Results: The patient group showed a unique selection pattern in response to happy expressions, with significantly more correct "happy" responses compared to controls. Additionally, lower severity of anxiety symptoms after psychotherapy was associated with a decreased false fear response rate with nonthreat presentations. Conclusion: These data suggest that patients with PD exhibited a "happy-face recognition advantage" after psychotherapy. Less symptoms after treatment were related to a reduced fear bias. Thus, a differential facial emotion detection task could be a suitable tool to monitor response patterns and biases in individuals with ADs in the context of psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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88. 10‐4: Late‐News Paper: Precise Compensation of Device Variability in IGZO‐based Ferroelectric Thin‐Film Transistors for Enhanced Transparent Display Performance.
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Joch, Daniel, Lehninger, David, Sunil, Athira, Sanctis, Shawn, Lang, Thomas, Zeltner, Johannes, Wartenberg, Philipp, Seidel, Konrad, and Jank, Michael P. M.
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THRESHOLD voltage ,HAFNIUM oxide ,TRANSISTORS - Abstract
We demonstrate the compensation of device‐to‐device variation in threshold voltage using programmable ferroelectric indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide thin‐film transistors. Furthermore, degradationinduced threshold voltage shift can be mitigated by programming, setting the characteristics back to their pristine state. This can be a promising alternative for the replacement of complex VT compensation circuits in display applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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89. Vaccine Development during a Pandemic: General Lessons for Clinical Trial Design.
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Hofner, Benjamin, Asikanius, Elina, Jacquet, Wolfgang, Framke, Theodor, Rengerink, Katrien Oude, Dávila, Lukas Aguirre, Grünewald, Maria, Klinglmüller, Florian, Posch, Martin, Leacy, Finbarr P., Lang, Thomas, Koch, Armin, Zinserling, Jörg, and Roes, Kit
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- 2024
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90. Chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
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Lang, Thomas, Ure, Benno, Melter, Michael, von Schweinitz, Dietrich, editor, and Ure, Benno, editor
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- 2019
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91. Erbrechen
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Lang, Thomas, Papan, Cihan, editor, and Weber, Lutz T., editor
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- 2019
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92. Gastroenterologie – Hepatologie
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Lang, Thomas, Hünseler, Christoph, Papan, Cihan, editor, and Weber, Lutz T., editor
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- 2019
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93. Influence of hunger on attentional engagement with and disengagement from pictorial food cues in women with a healthy weight
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Jonker, Nienke C., Bennik, Elise C., de Lang, Thomas A., and de Jong, Peter J.
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- 2020
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94. Studying the metabolism of toxic chemical warfare agent-related phenylarsenic chemicals in vitro in cod liver
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Niemikoski, Hanna, Koske, Daniel, Kammann, Ulrike, Lang, Thomas, and Vanninen, Paula
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- 2020
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95. First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (Limanda limanda L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea
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Koske, Daniel, Straumer, Katharina, Goldenstein, Nadine I., Hanel, Reinhold, Lang, Thomas, and Kammann, Ulrike
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- 2020
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96. Use of Quantitative Computed Tomography to Assess for Clinically-relevant Skeletal Effects of Prolonged Spaceflight on Astronaut Hips
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Sibonga, Jean D., Spector, Elisabeth R., Keyak, Joyce H., Zwart, Sara R., Smith, Scott M., and Lang, Thomas F.
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- 2020
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97. Are bone turnover markers associated with volumetric bone density, size, and strength in older men and women? The AGES-Reykjavik study.
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Marques, E, Gudnason, V, Sigurdsson, G, Johannesdottir, F, Siggeirsdottir, K, Launer, L, Eiriksdottir, G, Harris, T, and Lang, Thomas
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Bone turnover markers ,Cortical bone ,Osteoporosis ,QCT ,Trabecular bone ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Biomarkers ,Bone Density ,Bone Remodeling ,Collagen Type I ,Compressive Strength ,Female ,Femur Neck ,Humans ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,Male ,Osteocalcin ,Peptide Fragments ,Peptides ,Procollagen ,Prospective Studies ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed - Abstract
UNLABELLED: Association between serum bone formation and resorption markers and bone mineral, structural, and strength variables derived from quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in a population-based cohort of 1745 older adults was assessed. The association was weak for lumbar spine and femoral neck areal and volumetric bone mineral density. INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between levels of bone turnover markers (BTMs; osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and procollagen type 1N propeptide (P1NP)) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-derived bone density, geometry, and strength indices in the lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN). METHODS: A total of 1745 older individuals (773 men and 972 women, aged 66-92 years) from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik cohort were studied. QCT was performed in the lumbar spine and hip to estimate volumetric trabecular, cortical, and integral bone mineral density (BMD), areal BMD, bone geometry, and bone strength indices. Association between BTMs and QCT variables were explored using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS: Major findings showed that all BMD measures, FN cortical index, and compressive strength had a low negative correlation with the BTM levels in both men and women. Correlations between BTMs and bone size parameters were minimal or not significant. No associations were found between BTMs and vertebral cross-sectional area in women. BTMs alone accounted for only a relatively small percentage of the bone parameter variance (1-10 %). CONCLUSION: Serum CTX, OC, and P1NP were weakly correlated with lumbar spine and FN areal and volumetric BMD and strength measures. Most of the bone size indices were not associated with BTMs; thus, the selected bone remodeling markers do not reflect periosteal bone formation. These results confirmed the limited ability of the most sensitive established BTMs to predict bone structural integrity in older adults.
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- 2016
98. Muscle Quality and Myosteatosis: Novel Associations With Mortality Risk: The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study.
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Reinders, Ilse, Murphy, Rachel, Brouwer, Ingeborg, Visser, Marjolein, Launer, Lenore, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Jonsson, Palmi, Harris, Tamara, and Lang, Thomas
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adipose tissue ,aging ,computed tomography ,mortality risk ,muscle ,muscle composition ,strength ,Adiposity ,Age Factors ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Body Mass Index ,Environment ,Female ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Health Behavior ,Health Status ,Humans ,Iceland ,Male ,Mortality ,Muscle Strength ,Muscle ,Skeletal ,Obesity ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Risk Factors ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Thigh ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed - Abstract
Muscle composition may affect mortality risk, but prior studies have been limited to specific samples or less precise determination of muscle composition. We evaluated associations of thigh muscle composition, determined using computed tomography imaging, and knee extension strength with mortality risk among 4,824 participants aged 76.4 (standard deviation (SD), 5.5) years from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study (2002-2006). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios. After 8.8 years of follow-up, there were 1,942 deaths. For men, each SD-increment increase in muscle lean area, muscle quality, and strength was associated with lower mortality risk, with decreases ranging between 11% and 22%. Each SD-increment increase in intermuscular adipose tissue and intramuscular adipose tissue was associated with higher mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.22) and HR = 1.23 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.30), respectively). For women, each SD-increment increase in muscle lean area, muscle quality, and strength was associated with lower mortality risk, with decreases ranging between 12% and 19%. Greater intramuscular adipose tissue was associated with an 8% higher mortality risk (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16). This study shows that muscle composition is associated with mortality risk. These results also show the importance of improving muscle strength and area and lowering muscle adipose tissue infiltration.
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- 2016
99. Muscle Quality and Myosteatosis: Novel Associations With Mortality RiskThe Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study
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Reinders, Ilse, Murphy, Rachel A, Brouwer, Ingeborg A, Visser, Marjolein, Launer, Lenore, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Jonsson, Palmi V, Lang, Thomas F, and Harris, Tamara B
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Aging ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adiposity ,Age Factors ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Body Mass Index ,Environment ,Female ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Health Behavior ,Health Status ,Humans ,Iceland ,Male ,Mortality ,Muscle Strength ,Muscle ,Skeletal ,Obesity ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Risk Factors ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Thigh ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,adipose tissue ,aging ,computed tomography ,mortality risk ,muscle ,muscle composition ,strength ,Age ,Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study ,Mathematical Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Epidemiology - Abstract
Muscle composition may affect mortality risk, but prior studies have been limited to specific samples or less precise determination of muscle composition. We evaluated associations of thigh muscle composition, determined using computed tomography imaging, and knee extension strength with mortality risk among 4,824 participants aged 76.4 (standard deviation (SD), 5.5) years from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study (2002-2006). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios. After 8.8 years of follow-up, there were 1,942 deaths. For men, each SD-increment increase in muscle lean area, muscle quality, and strength was associated with lower mortality risk, with decreases ranging between 11% and 22%. Each SD-increment increase in intermuscular adipose tissue and intramuscular adipose tissue was associated with higher mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.22) and HR = 1.23 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.30), respectively). For women, each SD-increment increase in muscle lean area, muscle quality, and strength was associated with lower mortality risk, with decreases ranging between 12% and 19%. Greater intramuscular adipose tissue was associated with an 8% higher mortality risk (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16). This study shows that muscle composition is associated with mortality risk. These results also show the importance of improving muscle strength and area and lowering muscle adipose tissue infiltration.
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- 2016
100. Trajectories of insomnia following bereavement
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de Lang, Thomas A., primary, Buyukcan-Tetik, Asuman, additional, de Jong, Peter J., additional, Lancel, Marike, additional, and Eisma, Maarten C., additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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