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Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T17:40:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-03-06 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance caused by an obligate aerobic spirochaete that infects a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. Natural hosts are asymptomatic or show moderate signs of the disease. Accidental hosts develop a severe, often lethal, form of the disease. All young southern tamanduas died suddenly at the zoo in the city of Joao Pessoa, Brazil. The animals were found dead without any noticeable clinical signs. Necropsy revealed extensive haemorrhage in the subcutaneous tissues, kidneys, lungs in addition to the presence of red fluid in the thoracic, abdominal and pericardial cavities. Histopathology of kidneys exhibited acute interstitial nephritis and tubular necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed typical leptospiral wavy forms and aggregates in the lumen of several kidney tubules and lungs. Pathological and molecular investigations confirmedLeptospira interrogansinfection. The adult tamanduas did not present with clinical alterations. To our knowledge, this investigation is the first study to report that leptospirosis should be considered as a possible cause of death in tamanduas. This article warns of the risks of anthropization with respect to Leptospira transmission to tamanduas, other animals and humans. Univ Fed Paraiba, Areia, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Fed Campina Grande, Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Parque Zoobot Arruda Camara, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil CNPq: 429862/2016-4

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:04:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782020001200454.pdf: 850016 bytes, checksum: 77e5fcaa5c1275c720ca5b83a4e453a6 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) We used 12 tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae) from northeastern Brazil, and we reported nine (75%) Leptospira sp. PCR-positive animals and six (50%) seropositive. Leptospira sp. DNA sequencing revealed 99% similarity with L. interrogans. Our findings indicated that this species may play a role in the transmission of human leptospirosis. Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) CNPq: 404039/2016-2

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:54:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-07-09 Although some studies in sheep have indicated leptospire colonization of the genital tract, further studies are needed to clarify the role of genital carriers in this species. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the colonization of pathogenic leptospires in the genital and urinary tract of slaughtered sheep. Fifty-seven adult, female woolless sheep destined for slaughter were used. Renal (n = 57), bladder (n = 57), ovary (n = 34), uterine tube (n = 44), and uterus (n = 33) samples were collected for molecular detection of Leptospira sp. DNA, and blood samples (n = 57) for serological testing. The molecular testing was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the serological testing was performed using microscopic serum agglutination test (MAT). Samples with amplifying DNA were subjected to genetic sequencing. In total, leptospiral DNA was found in the tissues of 44 (77.2%) sheep, whereas only nine animals were positive on both PCR and MAT; there was slight agreement between PCR and MAT techniques (k = 0.0268; p = 0.684). In 61 (54.9%) genital tract and in five (4.4%) urinary tract samples, the leptospiral DNA was detected, with significant difference (p < 0.001). The genes of one sample from the uterine tube and another from the bladder were sequenced and demonstrated 99% similarity to Leptospira interrogans. Anti-Leptospira antibodies were detected in 11 (19.3%) of the tested animals. The results reinforce the importance of the genital tract as an extra-renal site of colonization, suggesting the possibility of venereal transmission in sheep. Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Av. Universitária, s/n, Santa Cecília Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Instituto de Biotecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Instituto de Biotecnologia

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:37:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-07-03 The aim of the present study was to describe the strategies of the control of an outbreak of leptospiral infection in dairy cattle in Maranhão State, Northeastern Brazil. In the period from January to July 2015, 18 (17%) out of 106 cows presented abortion, six (5.7%) stillbirth, and 12 (11.3%) repeated estrus, totaling 24 animals with reproductive problems. The diagnosis of leptospirosis was based on serology (microscopic agglutination test—MAT), bacteriological culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic therapy, vaccination protocols, and changes in management practices were suggested as control measures. Of all animals on the farm (n = 280), 136 (48.6%) were seropositive for at least one serovar of Leptospira sp. No pure leptospiral culture was obtained. Eight of the animals with reproductive problems yielded positive PCR results (vaginal fluid of seven animals and urine and vaginal fluid of one animal). Genetic sequencing of a vaginal fluid/urine PCR-positive sample revealed Leptospira borgpetersenii. One year after the adoption of control measures, no reproductive problems were observed. Thus, leptospirosis probably caused the reproductive failures in the herd, and the control and prevention measures implemented were efficient in controlling the disease. Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural (CSTR) Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Av. Universitária, s/n, Santa Cecília Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Rodovia BR 079 - Km 12 Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Campus de Botucatu Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Campus de Botucatu

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-02-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) COVID-19 has posed a worldwide public health challenge affecting millions of people in different countries. Rapid and efficient detection of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for pandemic control. Reverse Transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of nasopharyngeal swabs is the gold standard method for the virus detection, but the high demand for tests has substantially increased the costs and reduced the availability of reagents, including genetic material purification kits. Thus, the present study aimed to compare two bead-based RNA extraction methods (an in-house and a commercial kit) from nasopharyngeal swabs and RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-five positive and five negative nasopharyngeal swab samples were subjected to extraction of nucleic acids using both methods in an automated platform. Both protocols revealed a high correlation between Cycle Quantifications (Cqs) (r = 0.99, p < 0.0001). In addition, the in-house kit was 89.5 % cheaper when compared to the mean cost of commercial RNA extraction kits. The results show that the in-house protocol is an affordable and reliable option for RNA extraction for SARS-CoV-2 detection from nasopharyngeal swabs. São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Veterinary Clinics School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Veterinary Clinics School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science FAPESP: 19/18581-6

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:29:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-10-01 Food safety is essential to the development of a society, and foodborne diseases affect thousands of people worldwide every year. Among the main foodborne disease agents, Salmonella stands out as the most often associated with hospitalizations and deaths. Pork products are an important source of nutrients for the population, considered the most consumed meat in the world. Several reports revealed the presence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Salmonella strains along the pork production chain, and the occurrence of elements that allow for the transference of resistance genes between bacterial populations is a public health concern. The present work aimed to evaluate the resistance genes and integrons in MDR Salmonella strains isolated from swine mesenteric lymph nodes. Nine strains had the genome sequenced with the Illumina NextSeq system. The results were submitted to the Resfinder server for evaluation of acquired genes and point mutations related to AMR and the presence and sequences of integrons were determined with a BLAST search. Different resistance genes for the same antimicrobial class were present in each strain. In two samples, resistance genes for olaquindox, a growth promoter outlawed in Brazil since 2004, were found. All observed phenotypic resistance had a genetic basis. Five isolates harbored class 1 integrons, which were classified in three distinct Integron Profiles (IPs). The IPs were also reported in animal source food and human clinical isolates. The diversity of resistance genes for the same antimicrobial class in each strain and the presence of Class 1 Integrons, reflect the high selection pressure that these bacterial lineages face along the pork production chain, and reinforces the role of animal production as a reservoir and disseminator of AMR genes. São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute for Biotechnology, Tecomarias Av. São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute for Biotechnology, Tecomarias Av.

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonoses distributed worldwide. It can undertake any animalspecies, maintaining the agent in the nature via renal chronical infection of carriers animals,which can secrete the organism through the urine into the environment, being able to infectother animals and the human. Regarding Leptospira spp., diagnostic techniques have helpedunderstand important eco-epidemiological aspects such as environmental serovar distributionand new hosts, in addition to improve the clinical diagnosis of the disease. This review focuseson present diverse techniques used in leptospirosis diagnosis to biological samples, includingsome studies on practical applications for the molecular detection of Leptospira spp.,reinforcing the importance of the knowledge and the choice of the correct technique in thediagnosis of the disease.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:11:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-04-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are bacteria distributed worldwide and affect domestic and wildlife animals and human beings. Hemoplasmas have been described infecting hematophagous and non-hematophagous bats; however, transmission risk and zoonotic potential in vampire bats remain to be fully established. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of hemotropic mycoplasma species in free-ranging bats from this area using a universal PCR protocol for hemoplasmas. Accordingly, ten blood samples were collected from six male common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus), two male hairy-legged vampire bats (Diphylla ecaudata), and two female non-hematophagous Pallas's mastiff bats (Molossus sp.) from the Curitiba's region, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. A total of eight (8/10) blood samples were positive byconventional PCR; five (5/6) Desmodus rotundus, two (2/2) Diphylla ecaudata, and one (1/2) Molossus sp. bats. The analyses of the partial sequence of the 16S rDNA gene suggest that the hemoplasma detected in Desmodus rotundus in South Brazil has a high identity compared to the hemoplasma circulating in vampire bats from Central and South America. Engineering and Exact Sciences Center Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Department of Veterinary Medicine Universidade Federal do Paraná, R. dos Funcionários, 1540 Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Universidade Estadual de Londrina Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, s/n Department of Comparative Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine Purdue University Biotechnology Institute Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Al. das Tecomarias, s/n, Chácara Capão Bonito Biotechnology Institute Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Al. das Tecomarias, s/n, Chácara Capão Bonito FAPESP: 2014/23159-8

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T06:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-07-01 The rapid development of efficacious and safe vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been instrumental in mitigating the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Moreover, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raised concerns on the efficacy of these vaccines. Herein, we report two cases of breakthrough infections with the P1 variant in patients vaccinated with CoronaVac, which is one of the two vaccines authorized for emergency use in the Brazilian immunization program. Our observations suggest that the vaccine reduced the severity of the disease and highlight the potential risk of illness following vaccination and subsequent infection with the P1 variant as well as for continued efforts to prevent and diagnose infection in vaccinated persons. Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia (LPV) Medicine School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) Hospital de Base Biotecnology Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) Intitute of Biosciences Languages and Exact Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Veterinary Medicine FZEA-USP University of São Paulo (USP) Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd Sealy Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd Center for Tropical Diseases University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd Institute for Human Infection and Immunity University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd Biotecnology Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP) Intitute of Biosciences Languages and Exact Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Porcine virus type 2 (PCV2) is an emergent virus found in commercial pig farms and may cause clinical or subclinical infection. Wild pigs such as collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) and white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) may also be infected by PCV2. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to molecularly identify PCV2 in whole blood samples of captive peccaries (16 collared and 6 white-lipped) by conventional and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Although the housekeeping gene (?-actin) DNA was successfully amplified, all 22 peccaries tested negative for PCV2 by both molecular methods. Previous studies have shown no antibodies against PCV2 in 49 free-range collared peccaries of Southern Brazil but PCV2 DNA was detected by PCR in tissue samples of 9/10 (90.0%) collared and 3/3 (100%) white-lipped free-ranging peccaries from Central and Northern Brazil. In conclusion, although PCV2 may be endemic in free ranging wild pigs of Central and Northern Brazil, lack of serological and molecular PCV2 evidence (in whole blood) of both captive and free-range wild pigs may indicate low risk of disease in Southern Brazil.

Leptospirosis has been investigated in several species of wild animals. The white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris) is a mammal common in the brazilian semi-arid, so, this study aimed to investigate its role in the occurrence of the leptospirosis in the region Northeast of Brazil. 12 animals were used, from which samples were collected for the attempt of isolation, molecular detection and serological examination. There was no microbial growth, nor were any anti-Leptospira sp. antibodies found in the serological samples. The PCR detected leptospiric DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) of five animals (41.7 %). The gene in one of the samples was sequenced and showed identity with Leptospira interrogans. The presence of Leptospira sp. in the CNS of Didelphis albiventris does not allow the characterization of the studied animals as reservoirs with potential for transmission of the pathogen in the region, however it represents a site that needs to be further investigated.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:53:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Background: Bat rabies surveillance data and risk factors for rabies spillover without human cases have been evaluated in Curitiba, the ninth biggest city in Brazil, during a 6-year period (2010-2015). A retrospective analysis of bat complaints, bat species identification and rabies testing of bats, dogs and cats has been performed using methodologies of seasonal decomposition, spatial distribution and kernel density analysis. Results: Overall, a total of 1003 requests for bat removal have been attended to, and 806 bats were collected in 606 city locations. Bat species were identified among 13 genera of three families, with a higher frequency of Nyctinomops in the central-northern region and Molossidae scattered throughout city limits. Out of the bats captured alive, 419/806 (52.0%) healthy bats were released due to absence of human or animal contacts. The remaining 387/806 (48.0%) bats were sent for euthanasia and rabies testing, which resulted in 9/387 (2.32%) positives. Linear regression has shown an increase on sample numbers tested over time (regression: y = 2.02 + 0.17×; p < 0.001 and r2 = 0.29), as well as significant seasonal variation, which increases in January and decreases in May, June and July. The Kernel density analysis showed the center-northern city area to be statistically important, and the southern region had no tested samples within the period. In addition, a total of 4769 random and suspicious samples were sent for rabies diagnosis including those from dogs, cats, bats and others from 2007 to 2015. While all 2676 dog brains tested negative, only 1/1136 (0.088%) cat brains tested positive for rabies. Conclusion: Only non-hematophagous bats were collected during the study, and the highest frequency of collections occurred in the center-northern region of the city. Rabies spillover from bats to cats may be more likely due to the registered exposure associated with cats' innate hunting habits, predisposing them to even closer contact with potentially infected bats. Although associated with a very low frequency of rabies, cats should always be included in rabies surveillance and vaccination programs. Federal University of Parana Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology City Secretary of Health Zoonoses Control Center University of São Paulo Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health Institute of Biotechnology Botucatu São Paulo UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista Campus de Botucatu Federal University of Paraná Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540 Institute of Biotechnology Botucatu São Paulo UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista Campus de Botucatu

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:02:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01 National Institutes of Health In Africa, Old World Primates are involved in the maintenance of sylvatic circulation of ZIKV. However, in Brazil, the hosts for the sylvatic cycle remain unknown. We hypothesized that free-living NHPs might play a role in urban/periurban ZIKV dynamics, thus we undertook an NHP ZIKV investigation in two cities in Brazil. We identified ZIKV-positive NHPs and sequences obtained were phylogenetically related to the American lineage of ZIKV. Additionally, we inoculated four C. penicillata with ZIKV and our results demonstrated that marmosets had a sustained viremia. The natural and experimental infection of NHPs with ZIKV, support the hypothesis that NHPs may be a vertebrate host in the maintainance of ZIKV transmission/circulation in urban tropical settings. Further studies are needed to understand the role they may play in maintaining the urban cycle of the ZIKV and how they may be a conduit in establishing an enzootic transmission cycle in tropical Latin America. São José do Rio Preto School of Medicine (FAMERP) Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5416 CEP: 15090-000, Vila São Pedro Laboratório de Vírus - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627 CEP: 31270-901 Pampulha Center for Drug Research and Development Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627 CEP: 31270-901 Pampulha Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 351 − 7 Andar Sala 706 CEP: 01246-000 Pacaembú Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology Department of Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of São Paulo (LAPOCM-FMVZ-USP) Avenida Orlando Marques de Paiva 87 CEP: 05508-270 Department of Biology Institute of Biosciences Letters and Exact Sciences – São Paulo State University São José do Rio Preto – (IBILCE/UNESP), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, CEP: 15054-000 Epidemiological Surveillance Departament of São José do Rio Preto Avenida Romeu Strazzi 199 CEP: 15084-010 Vila Sinibaldi São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute for Biotechnology Alameda das Tecomarias s/n CEP: 18607-440 Chácara Capão Bonito Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Texas Medical Branch 301 University Blvd Centro de Controle de Zoonoses Belo Horizonte Council Rua Édna Quintel 173 CEP: 31270-705 São Bernardo Faceres Medical School Avenida Anísio Haddad 6751 CEP: 15090-305 Jardim Francisco Fernandes Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health of the University of São Paulo Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 715 CEP: 01246-904 Department of Pathology and Center of Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Center for Tropical Diseases Institute for Human Infections and Immunity University of Texas Medical Branch 301 University Blvd Department of Biology Institute of Biosciences Letters and Exact Sciences – São Paulo State University São José do Rio Preto – (IBILCE/UNESP), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, CEP: 15054-000 São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute for Biotechnology Alameda das Tecomarias s/n CEP: 18607-440 Chácara Capão Bonito National Institutes of Health: R24AI120942

Multiple pathogens may cause and sustain respiratory infection in horses, either alone or as co-infection, leading to disruption and interruption of training, racing and other competitions. Molecular approaches have successfully provided opportunity for pathogen involvement and characterization, particularly from samples of horse upper respiratory tract. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to molecularly assess bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from 10 healthy training horses at the Jockey Club of Parana State, southern Brazil. Virus-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were applied as panel for concomitant detection of Equine Adenovirus, Equine Influenza Virus, Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1), Type 2 (EHV-2), Type 4 (EHV-4), and Type 5 (EHV-5), Equine Rhinitis A Virus, Equine Rhinitis B Virus, and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. Amplicons from positive samples were amplified and sequenced to confirm the virus identification. Results have confirmed the first molecular detection of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in healthy training horses of Brazil, with an overall 3/10 (30%) EHV positivity. Two horses were positive for at least one EHV, and one was positive for both EHV-2 and EHV-5. No horse presented clinical signs of respiratory disease at the time or following samplings. These findings may provide new insights on the epidemiological situation of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazil, highlighting the importance of molecular detection and active surveillance in clinically healthy horses, which may act as spreading infection source for younger equines.

Madariaga virus (MADV), the new species designation for the South American isolates of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), is genetically divergent and substantially different in ecology and pathogenesis from North American EEEV strains. We isolated and characterized a MADV isolate obtained from a horse in Brazil. Our results support previous phylogenetic studies showing there are three genetically distinct MADV lineages. The MADV isolate from Paraíba State belongs to the South American lineage III and is closely related to Peruvian, Colombian and Venezuelan isolates.

Metagenomics was used to characterize viral genomes in clinical specimens of horses with various organ-specific diseases of unknown aetiology. A novel parvovirus as well as a previously described hepacivirus closely related to human hepatitis C virus and equid herpesvirus 2 were identified in the cerebrospinal fluid of horses with neurological signs. Four co-infecting picobirnaviruses, including an unusual genome with fused RNA segments, and a divergent anellovirus were found in the plasma of two febrile horses. A novel cyclovirus genome was characterized from the nasal secretion of another febrile animal. Lastly, a small circular DNA genome with a Rep gene, from a virus we called kirkovirus, was identified in the liver and spleen of a horse with fatal idiopathic hepatopathy. This study expands the number of viruses found in horses, and characterizes their genomes to assist future epidemiological studies of their transmission and potential association with various equine diseases.

St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, is a causative agent of encephalitis in the Americas. In Brazil, sporadic cases of SLEV infection have been reported since 1953, but the first outbreak of SLEV in Brazil was identified only in 2007, concomitant with an outbreak of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 3. This finding, along with other reports, indicates that SLEV circulation in Brazil is largely unknown, and there may be epidemiological implications of the co-circulation of SLEV, DENV and other flaviviruses in Brazil. Here, we describe the first complete genome sequence of an SLEV strain isolated from a human patient in Brazil, strain BeH 355964. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the genotype of BeH 355964 using the full-length genome and envelope (E) gene sequences separately. Both analyses showed that BeH 355964 could be classified as genotype V. Although the number of single gene sequences available is greater (such as for the E gene), the phylogenetic tree based on the complete genome sequence was better supported and provided further information about the virus.

RESUMO Doenças infecciosas são as maiores responsáveis por falhas reprodutivas (FR) em cadelas, causando aborto, morte fetal e natimortalidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre agentes infecciosos, FR inexplicáveis e anemia em cadelas. Todas as amostras maternas e fetais foram negativas para a presença dos principais agentes infecciosos causadores de FR: herpes vírus canino 1, Neospora caninum, Brucella spp. e B. canis, enquanto agentes como o de Leishmania spp., parvovírus canino, Ehrlichia canis e Anaplasma platys foram encontrados em sangue materno. Coinfecções de A. platys/E. canis e A. platys/Leishmania spp. foram diagnosticadas. Os resultados indicam que os animais com anemia causadas por doenças transmitidas por vetores podem ser mais suscetíveis a sofrerem FR do que animais com valores hematológicos normais.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:33:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-08-01 The Hobi-like virus presents antigenic and molecular differences in relation to bovine virus diarrhea virus 1 and 2. The description of the complete genome of the Hobi-like virus SV757/15, isolated from a Nelore cow with gastroenteric disease in Brazil, will help in understanding the evolution and diversity of pestiviruses. Universidade Santo Amaro–UNISA Curso de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”–UNESP Instituto de Biociências Departamentde Medicina Veterinária Preventiva Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”– UNESP Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade de São Paulo– USP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”–UNESP Instituto de Biociências Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”– UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:34:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:26:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0037-86822017000200248.pdf: 834119 bytes, checksum: d3ac14ba62c1cf63015a1700a856a7df (MD5) Introduction: Brazilian native species are reemerging as increasingly free-ranging populations. Methods: Sera from 31 capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and 28 peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari) were tested for anti-Leptospira and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using microscopic seroagglutination test. Results: Nineteen percent of free-ranging and 10.0% of captive capybaras, along with 31.8% of collared peccaries, were seropositive for T. gondii. None was seropositive for Leptospira sp. Conclusions: The present findings indicated low risk of disease, particularly among capybaras and white-lipped peccaries; however, active surveillance programs are important for monitoring wildlife health and public health once they are in public parks around cities. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Microbiol & Imunol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Dept Med Vet, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Itaipu Binacl, Refugio Biol Bela Vista, Foz Do Iguacu, PR, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Microbiol & Imunol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Higiene Vet & Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T18:18:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352014000100001.pdf: 134074 bytes, checksum: 0d75227daf3dfeeb20a54373c2b4f89d (MD5) No Brasil existem poucos estudos sobre a ocorrência da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV), assim como a determinação dos subtipos circulantes, o que é indispensável para o desenvolvimento de vacinas e novos testes diagnósticos. O presente trabalho investigou a ocorrência da infecção pelo FIV entre os anos de 2010 e 2011 em gatos domésticos submetidos a atendimento clínico na cidade de Pelotas e região. Amostras de sangue total de 70 animais, incluindo suspeitos (28) ou não suspeitos (42) da infecção pelo FIV, foram submetidas à reação de PCR nested. Os resultados indicaram uma frequência de infecção de 15,7% (11/70) e a análise dos fatores associados (sexo, idade e condição clínica) evidenciou uma maior ocorrência em gatos com idade superior a 10 anos e acometidos por infecções crônicas e recidivantes. Oito amostras positivas na PCR nested foram submetidas a sequenciamento genômico e somente o subtipo B foi detectado na região estudada. In Brazil there are few studies on the occurrence of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection and its subtypes, which are essential for the development of vaccines and new diagnostic tests. The present study investigated the occurrence of the FIV infection between 2010 and 2011 in domestic cats submitted to medical attendance in the city of Pelotas and nearby area. Total blood samples of seventy cats, suspected (28) or not (42) of infection by FIV were analyzed by nested PCR in order to perform a diagnosis. The results pointed to a FIV infection frequency of 15.7% (11/70) and the analysis of the risk factors related to infection (sex, age and clinical condition) evidenced a greater occurrence in cats up to 10 years of age with chronic and recurrent infections. Eight samples found positive by nested PCR were submitted to DNA sequencing indicating that only the subtype B was detected in the studied region. Universidade Federal de Pelotas Faculdade de Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T11:57:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Previous phylogenetic studies involving dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV 1) have shown several lineages of genotype V circulating worldwide. After sequencing the complete genome of strains from Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, we identified a list of 50 different amino acids that differ between the two lineages, announced here. Fac Med Sao Jose Do Rio Preto FAMERP, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2013/21719-3

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf: 68218 bytes, checksum: 5b27e7f77d3e6742478a3716dd1e5378 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf: 68218 bytes, checksum: 5b27e7f77d3e6742478a3716dd1e5378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:24:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf: 68218 bytes, checksum: 5b27e7f77d3e6742478a3716dd1e5378 (MD5) S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf.txt: 30497 bytes, checksum: ca738e988f4098a9538dc79cb5f7579c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:38:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf: 68218 bytes, checksum: 5b27e7f77d3e6742478a3716dd1e5378 (MD5) S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf.txt: 30497 bytes, checksum: ca738e988f4098a9538dc79cb5f7579c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:38:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf: 68218 bytes, checksum: 5b27e7f77d3e6742478a3716dd1e5378 (MD5) S0100-736X2012001100017.pdf.txt: 30497 bytes, checksum: ca738e988f4098a9538dc79cb5f7579c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) A leptospirose é considerada uma zoonose de distribuição mundial, causada por bactérias do gênero Leptospira spp. Uma vez que muitas espécies de animais selvagens são consideradas como reservatórios, o objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer a epidemiologia da leptospirose no Zoológico de Sorocaba, sudeste do Brasil. Amostras de soro de mamíferos selvagens cativos das ordens Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Didelphimorphia, Diprotodontia, Perissodactyla, Pilosa, Primates, Proboscidea e Rodentia, assim como dos funcionários do zoo foram analisados pela soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM). Sangue total, urina e amostras de tecidos dos animais selvagens e sinantrópicos foram analisados pela reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR). Um questionário epidemiológico foi aplicado para se avaliar os fatores de risco de infecção por leptospira dos animais e também para avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos funcionários do parque sobre a leptospirose. Um total de 13/229 (5,68%; CI95% 3.37-9.47%) amostras de soro dos mamíferos selvagens foram reagentes na SAM. A sorologia dos animais sinantrópicos, funcionários do zoológico e a análise molecular lograram-se negativas. O conhecimento dos funcionários sobre a leptospirose foi considerado médio. em conclusão, a infecção leptospírica ocorre no parque zoológico estudado, porém devido à baixa ocorrência encontrada, a menor descrita na literatura, os mamíferos cativos não desempenham um papel de fonte de infecção para outros animais e para o homem. Leptospirosis is considered a worldwide distributed zoonosis, caused by the bacteria Leptospira spp. Since several species of wildlife animals are reportedly reservoirs, the aim of the present study was to know the epidemiology of leptospirosis at the Sorocaba Zoo, Southern Brazil. Serum samples of wild mammals from Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Didelphimorphia, Diprotodontia, Perissodactyla, Pilosa, Primates, Proboscidea and Rodentia orders, kept in captivity as well as from zoological staff were assayed by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Whole blood, urine and tissue samples from wild mammals and synanthropic animals were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An epidemiological survey was applied to evaluate the risk factors for animal infection and staff level of knowledge on leptospirosis. A total of 13/229 (5.68%; CI95% 3.37-9.47%) serum samples from wild mammals were reagent on MAT. Serology from synanthropic animals, zoo staff and molecular analysis of animal samples were all negative. Leptospirosis knowledge of zoo park staff was considered medium. In conclusion, leptospiral infection occurs at the studied zoo but due to the low occurrence found, the lowest reported in literature, wild captive mammals do not act as source of infection of leptospirosis to other animals and human beings. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departmento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departmento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública FAPESP: 08/08781-3

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis of worldwide distribution and is endemic in tropical countries, where rodents and other wild mammals are abundant and may act as reservoirs. Leptospirosis has become a concern in captive wild animals, due mostly to their exposure to contaminated urine or environment. Although domestic cats (Felis catus) have been reported refractory to leptospirosis, serology and disease in captive wild felids is still unclear. In this study 57 adult, clinically healthy felids, including 1 Geoffroy's cat (Leopardus geoffroyi), 3 jaguarundis (Puma yagouaroundi), 17 margays (Leopardus wiedii), 22 little spotted cats (Leopardus tigrinus), and 14 ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) kept in captivity at the Sanctuary at the Itaipu Binacional hydroelectric power plant (Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary), Foz do Iguacu City, Paraná State, Brazil, were serologically surveyed for the presence of antibodies against 28 serovars of Leptospira spp. by microagglutination test (MAT). Two animals (3.5%) were seropositive: one male ocelot to the serovar Cynopteri (titer 100) and one female margay to Autumnalis (100) and Butembo (200). The captive-born, 5-yr-old ocelot had been solitary housed in an individual cage. The approximately 21-yr-old wild-caught margay was also kept individually. None of the tested animals showed signs ofleptospirosis. During a study conducted 4 yr previously in the same facility, this particular margay also tested positive for the same two serovars, among others. The present study indicates that the felids tested for Leptospira spp. by MAT were exposed to serovars, but did not demonstrate clinical signs of disease. Comparison with a previous study suggests that serovar titers may vary over time and that leptospirosis dynamics remains unclear in wild felids.

Neosporosis and toxoplasmosis are two important infections in young and adult sheep, leading to low production and abortion. This study aimed to determine the frequency of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep from the eastern region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples (382) were collected from the sheep and assayed for T. gondii through modified agglutination test (MAT) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), and for N. caninum antibodies, through IFAT, with cut-off titers equal to 16 (T. gondii) and 25 (N. caninum). All frozen samples were sent to the Center for Zoonoses Research (NUPEZO), Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health (DHSVP), FMVZ, UNESP, for serological tests. A total of 71/382 (18.6%) samples reacted to T. gondii, especially at titers 16 (28; 39.4%), 64 (15; 21.1%), 256 (21; 29.6%) and 1024 (6; 8.5%) by MAT, and 16 (34; 47.9%), 64 (18; 25.4%), 256 (14; 19.7%) and 1024 (5; 7%) by IFAT. As regards N. caninum, 49/382 (12.8%) samples reacted at titers 25 (17; 34.7%), 50 (11; 22.5%), 100 (11; 22.5%), and ≥200 (10; 20.4%). These animals presented infection but no clinical signs. Six and ten animals had high titers for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis. No significant association was observed between antibodies for both parasites (P = 0.535) according to Fisher's exact test, and no correlation was found between T. gondii (MAT) and N. caninum antibody titers (r = −0.0068; P = 0.895), T. gondii (IFAT) and N. caninum antibody titers (r = −0.0025; P = 0.961). Thus, T. gondii and N. caninum infections were observed in farms located in Sao Paulo State, where sheep play an important economical role for the national and regional business.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T18:01:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:14:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:31:20Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:31:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-01 The serological profile of 300 mongrel dogs of various ages and gender were investigated. Animals were captured in the streets and afterwards directed to a private kennel in Avare city (SP) to search for leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and neosporosis. Blood samples were obtained from jugular or cephalic vein for the obtention of sera. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used to leptospirosis. MAT detect the prevalence of 9.3%. The most frequent reactant serovars were Bratislava (35.7%), Cynopteri (17.9%), Autumnalis (14.3%), and Copenhageni (10.7%), besides 7.1% to others serovars: Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, and Hardjo. The modified agglutination test used for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis showed 26% of positive animals, with titers varying from 16 to 256, with 16 in 3.3%, 64 in 13.7%, and 256 in 9% of the samples. To canine neosporosis, it was used the indirect fluorescent antibody test, and two animals (0.7%) demonstrated antibodies with titers 25 and 100. The results show the participation of the animals in the epidemiological chain of the researched diseases. Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FMVZ UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FMVZ UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family, which consists of vector-borne viruses. These viruses can provoke two infection types: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) - which occurs in the Old World - and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) - an emergent zoonosis that can be found in many countries of the western hemisphere. Rodents are hantavirus reservoirs and each species seems to host a different virus type. Humans acquire the infection by inhaling contaminated aerosol particles eliminated by infected animals. The factors involved in the emergence of hantavirus infections in the human population include ecological modifications and changes in human activities. The most important risk factor is contact between man and rodents, as a result of agricultural, forestry or military activities. Rodent control remains the primary strategy for preventing hantavirus diseases, including via health education and hygienic habits.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T13:11:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Sequence-independent methods for viral discovery have been widely used for whole genome sequencing of viruses. Different protocols for viral enrichment, library preparation and sequencing have increasingly been more available and at lower costs. However, no study to date has focused on optimization of viral sample preparation for commercial deep sequencing. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate an In-House enzymatic protocol for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) synthesis and also compare the use of a commercially available kit protocol (Nextera XT, Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA) and its combination with a library quantitation kit (Kapa, Kapa Biosystems, Wilmington, MA, USA) for deep sequencing (Illumina Miseq). Two RNA viruses (canine distemper virus and dengue virus) and one ssDNA virus (porcine circovirus type 2) were tested with the optimized protocols. The tested method for dsDNA synthesis has shown satisfactory results and may be used in laboratory setting, particularly when enzymes are already available. Library preparation combining commercial kits (Nextera XT and Kapa) has yielded more reads and genome coverage, probably due to a lack of small fragment recovering at the normalization step of Nextera XT. In addition, libraries may be diluted or concentrated to provide increase on genome coverage with Kapa quantitation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Lab Anim &Human Virol, Dept Microbiol &Immunol, Biosci Inst, BR-18618970 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Dept Vet Med, BR-80035050 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Illinois, Dept Pathobiol, Urbana, IL 61802 USA UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Lab Anim &Human Virol, Dept Microbiol &Immunol, Biosci Inst, BR-18618970 Sao Paulo, Brazil FAPESP: 2011/09424-2 FAPESP: 2014/13532-3

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T13:11:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:52:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0037-86822015000100050.pdf: 725670 bytes, checksum: e9c87606e95fb81e142e5bde7f5f77cc (MD5) Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects both humans and animals. Dogs may serve as sentinels and indicators of environmental contamination as well as potential carriers for Leptospira. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and seroincidence of leptospirosis infection in dogs in an urban low-income community in southern Brazil where human leptospirosis is endemic. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed that consisted of sampling at recruitment and four consecutive trimestral follow-up sampling trials. All households in the area were visited, and those that owned dogs were invited to participate in the study. The seroprevalence (MAT titers >= 100) of Leptospira infection in dogs was calculated for each visit, the seroincidence (seroconversion or four-fold increase in serogroup-specific MAT titer) density rate was calculated for each follow-up, and a global seroincidence density rate was calculated for the overall period. Results: A total of 378 dogs and 902.7 dog-trimesters were recruited and followed, respectively. The seroprevalence of infection ranged from 9.3% (95% CI; 6.7 - 12.6) to 19% (14.1 - 25.2), the seroincidence density rate of infection ranged from 6% (3.3 - 10.6) to 15.3% (10.8 - 21.2), and the global seroincidence density rate of infection was 11% (9.1 - 13.2) per dog-trimester. Canicola and Icterohaemorraghiae were the most frequent incident serogroups observed in all follow-ups. Conclusions: Follow-ups with mean trimester intervals were incapable of detecting any increase in seroprevalence due to seroincident cases of canine leptospirosis, suggesting that antibody titers may fall within three months. Further studies on incident infections, disease burden or risk factors for incident Leptospira cases should take into account the detectable lifespan of the antibody. Univ Fed Parana, Dept Vet Med, BR-80060000 Curitiba, PR, Brazil Secretaria Municipal Meio Ambiente, Dept Pesquisa Conservacao Fauna, BR-80810000 Curitiba, PR, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Botucatu, Dept Microbiol &Imunol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Saude Colet, Salvador, BA, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet &Zootecnia, Dept Higiene &Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Botucatu, Dept Microbiol e Imunol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet e Zootecnia, Dept Higiene &Saude Publ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution and different wild species either are involved in maintenance of the pathogen in the environment as definitive or intermediate hosts serving as font of feeding or prey to definitive hosts. The present study aimed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the risk factors relating to infection in mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples collected from 153 animals were analyzed using the modified agglutination test (MAT; cutoff ? 25). Seropositivity was found in 62 animals (40.5%; 95% CI: 33.1-48.5%), with different titers. Significant differences were observed in relation to the ages of the animals, origin, presence of free-ranging animals in the enclosure and feeding habits, through univariate analysis (p ? 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only age (p = 0.03) had significance for the study. Adult animals were 3.5 more likely to become infected than were young ones. In relation to feeding habits, herbivores (80%) and carnivores (46.5%) were the animals most affected. These results highlight the presence of T. gondii in animals at Brazilian zoos, and suggest that continuous transmission is occurring at zoos.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:45:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-29612011000300016.pdf: 110266 bytes, checksum: f0892faf0907484148ee599d495167e7 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:45:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-29612011000300016.pdf: 110266 bytes, checksum: f0892faf0907484148ee599d495167e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:26:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1984-29612011000300016.pdf: 110266 bytes, checksum: f0892faf0907484148ee599d495167e7 (MD5) S1984-29612011000300016.pdf.txt: 15281 bytes, checksum: 9e022d666c5c237694b489d50aeba2ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1984-29612011000300016.pdf: 110266 bytes, checksum: f0892faf0907484148ee599d495167e7 (MD5) S1984-29612011000300016.pdf.txt: 15281 bytes, checksum: 9e022d666c5c237694b489d50aeba2ed (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1984-29612011000300016.pdf: 110266 bytes, checksum: f0892faf0907484148ee599d495167e7 (MD5) S1984-29612011000300016.pdf.txt: 15281 bytes, checksum: 9e022d666c5c237694b489d50aeba2ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 A toxoplasmose é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial, causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii que infecta os vertebrados de sangue quente. Este estudo objetiva estabelecer a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e o estudo de associação em uma população de gatos domésticos atendidos em uma clínica veterinária exclusiva de gatos localizada em Curitiba, estado do Paraná, Brasil. As amostras de soro foram obtidas e processadas pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta IgG. Títulos de anticorpos foram encontrados em 46/282 (16,3%) das amostras analisadas, com título de 16 em oito gatos, 64 em 23, 256 em 14 e 1024 em um gato. Diferenças estatísticas não foram encontradas no estudo de associação entre idade, gênero e região da cidade (p > 0,05). Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada para qualquer variável, quando comparando a soropositividade com a ocorrência do possível fator de risco. A soroprevalência foi relativamente menor quando comparada a outras regiões brasileiras, provavelmente por serem gatos de proprietários, que tinham hábito domiciliado e alimentação restrita baseada em alimentos industrializados, com acesso restrito a rua e sem acesso a caça. em conclusão, a baixa soroprevalência de toxoplasmose felina pode estar relacionada a gatos com proprietários devido aos cuidados alimentares e acesso restrito à rua, e também pode estar associada à baixa exposição ambiental local Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii which infects all warm-blood vertebrates. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in a population of domestic cats seen at a major cat-only veterinary clinic in Curitiba, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. Serum samples were processed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA) for the detection of IgG. Antibody titers were found in 16.3% (46/282) of sera analyzed, with titers to T. gondii of 16 in eight cats, 64 in 23 cats, 256 in 14 cats and 1024 in one cat. Statistical differences were not found regarding the association with age, gender and different areas of the city (p > 0.05). No significant differences were found in any variable when comparing seropositivity with potential risk factors. The seroprevalence was relatively lower when compared to other Brazilian regions, probably due to the fact that the cats studied were owned, domiciled with restricted dietary habits based on processed foods, restricted access to the street and no prey access. In conclusion, low feline toxoplasmosis seroprevalence may be associated to owned cats due to adequate dietary care and restricted outdoor access, as well as low local environmental exposure. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Clínica Veterinária Mania de Gato Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Publica University of Illinois Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Publica

Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-03T15:27:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-11-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-11-04T10:15:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0036-46652014000600473.pdf: 89677 bytes, checksum: 7ca0933b5a94800dc9dd4d216a6b21a9 (MD5) Introdução: Cavalos carroceiros são uma população reemergente empregada para transportar materiais recicláveis em cidades. Métodos: Em área endêmica para leptospirose humana foram amostrados 62 cavalos. Soroaglutinação microscópica e reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real foram empregadas. Resultados: Observou-se soropositividade em 75,8% com sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae em 80,8% cavalos. Amostras de sangue e urina foram negativas no qPCR. Observou-se correlação positiva entre SAM e pluviosidade (p = 0,02) e alagamentos (p = 0,03). Conclusão: Embora cavalos possam estar constantemente expostos a Leptospira spp. no ambiente, principalmente por chuvas e inundações, leptospiremia e leptospiruria não foram encontradas neste estudo. Introduction: Cart horses are a re-emerging population employed to carry recyclable material in cities. Methods: Sixty-two horses were sampled in an endemic area of human leptospirosis. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed. Results: A seropositivity of 75.8% with serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae in 80.8% of the horses was observed. Blood and urine were qPCR negative. MAT showed positive correlations with rainfall (p = 0.02) and flooding (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Although horses may be constantly exposed to Leptospira spp. in the environment mostly because of rainfall and flooding, no leptospiremia or leptospiruria were observed in this study. Real Time PCR Core Facility, Idexx Reference Laboratories. 2825 Kovr Dr, West Sacramento, CA, 95605, USA Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 80035 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Dr. Biondo is also a visiting professor at the Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA. Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Veterinary School, São Paulo State University, 18618 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Toxoplasma gondii is the causative intracellular protozoan of toxoplasmosis in human being and animals. Members of the Felidae family are considered the single definitive host for the infection; both wild and domestic cats are able to excrete oocysts in the environment. Wild cats maintained in captivity may serve as source of infection for other clinically susceptible animals in the same environment. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of T. gondii IgG antibodies in 57 neotropical felids (1 Leopardus geoffroyi; 3 Puma yagouaroundi; 17 Leopardus wiedii; 22 Leopardus tigrinus; and 14 Leopardus pardalis) kept at the Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary, Itaipu Binacional, Southern Brazil, by the modified agglutination test (MAT) using titer 16 as cut-off point. Seropositivity was observed in 38/57 (66.67%; 95% CI 53.66-77.51%) samples, with higher frequency in ocelots (71.43%). Wild-caught felids were three times more likely to be infected when compared to zoo-born animals (P

Leishmaniasis is an important re-emergent parasitosis worldwide, particularly in tropical countries. There are no reports of autochthonous disease in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil. No surveillance has been carried out in the most populated areas such as the city of Curitiba and its surroundings. The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs at the Center for Zoonosis Control of São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, before euthanasia. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were used to detect antibody levels against Leishmania sp. in dog sera. Imprints of the popliteal lymph nodes that were also randomly collected from 50 dogs with suspected clinical signs of visceral leishmaniasis, and evaluated under light microscopy for the detection of amastigote forms, were negative. A total of 364 dog samples were tested. The results showed only one positive sample (0.0027%) by ELISA test but negative by IFAT, however, the dog had no clinical signs. Random surveillance of dog populations from several districts of a metropolitan area may be a means of preventing Leishmania spreading. Based on our results, the city of Curitiba and its metropolitan area were considered at low risk for visceral leishmaniasis.A leishmaniose é uma importante parasitose re-emergente observada no mundo, particularmente em países tropicais. Não há ainda relatos de casos autóctones no estado do Paraná. Não há até o momento referência de vigilância no reservatório canino, tais como Curitiba e região metropolitana do estado. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a soroprevalência da leishmaniose visceral em cães entregues ao Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de São José dos Pinhais, Paraná para eutanásia. A detecção sorológica da presença de anticorpos contra Leishmania sp. foi realizada por (ELISA) indireto e pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI). Além disso, impressão de linfonodo poplíteo coletadas ao acaso de 50 cães com sinais clínicos suspeitos para leishmaniose visceral e analisados sob microscopia óptica para detecção de formas amastigotas, foram negativas. Amostras de soro de 364 animais foram testadas, e os resultados mostraram somente uma amostra positiva (0,0027%), reagente ao ELISA e negativa à RIFI, entretanto, o cão não apresentava sinais clínicos. A vigilância ao acaso em uma população de vários locais de uma área metropolitana pode ser uma forma de prevenção da disseminação da doença. Com base nos resultados observados, Curitiba e região metropolitana foram consideradas de baixo risco para a leishmaniose visceral.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:51:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf: 1593658 bytes, checksum: 2245effdad7a55153cb1b42256846598 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:51:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf: 1593658 bytes, checksum: 2245effdad7a55153cb1b42256846598 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf: 1593658 bytes, checksum: 2245effdad7a55153cb1b42256846598 (MD5) S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf.txt: 29760 bytes, checksum: 58247f84badbc86627ab7889f90f4f55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:38:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf: 1593658 bytes, checksum: 2245effdad7a55153cb1b42256846598 (MD5) S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf.txt: 29760 bytes, checksum: 58247f84badbc86627ab7889f90f4f55 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:38:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf: 1593658 bytes, checksum: 2245effdad7a55153cb1b42256846598 (MD5) S0100-736X2013000100013.pdf.txt: 29760 bytes, checksum: 58247f84badbc86627ab7889f90f4f55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-01 A leptospirose é uma grave zoonose associada às áreas de baixa renda dos centros urbanos. Embora roedores urbanos sejam considerados como principal reservatório para a leptospirose, o cão também pode desenvolver a doença e se tornar carreador assintomático. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi utilizar a metodologia estatística baseada na teoria de processos pontuais espaciais, buscando identificar a forma como se distribuem os cães sororreagentes para a leptospirose e seus determinantes de risco em uma vila na cidade de Curitiba. A análise do modelo possibilitou identificar as regiões de sobre-risco, onde o risco de soropositividade canina à leptospirose é significativamente maior. A relação significativa do efeito espacial no desenvolvimento da doença, além das variáveis estudadas, revela que não apenas um, mas a ação conjunta dos fatores relacionados ao animal, ao proprietário e ao ambiente influencia o risco maior da doença nos locais de maior efeito espacial. O resultado da análise indica claramente os territórios em maior risco na região da Vila Pantanal, possibilitando o planejamento de ações mais específicas e dirigidas a essas áreas em um contexto de vigilância da saúde. Leptospirosis is a serious zoonotic disease associated to low income areas of urban settings. Although rodents are considered the main reservoir for urban leptospirosis, dogs may also develop the disease and become asymptomatic carriers. The objective of this study was to apply a statistical method based on the spatial point processes theory for canine leptospirosis to identify how seroreagents dogs are spatially distributed and their risk determinants in a village of Curitiba city. The model analysis allowed the identification of over-risk regions, where seropositivity risk for canine leptospirosis was significantly higher, revealing that not just one, but the combination of animal, owner and environment factors influenced the disease risk within areas with greater spatial effect. Analysis of results clearly identified the highest risk areas in the Pantanal Village, allowing the establishment of more specific preventive actions and focused on risk areas as priority for public health surveillance. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) Setor de Ciências Agrárias Departamento de Medicina Veterinária UFPR Setor de Ciências Exatas Departamento de Estatística Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública

Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T18:18:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:04:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0037-86822013000600772.pdf: 643281 bytes, checksum: 4e466ea11922f225d07b61c30b35713d (MD5) Introduction The incidence of canine leptospirosis in Brazil needs to be assessed Methods The same dogs in southern Brazil were sampled over two years to determine the prevalence, incidence and association of canine leptospirosis with various risk factors. Results In 2009, the prevalence was 33 (14.4%) of 228 dogs, with a predominance of serovar Canicola (33.4%). In 2010, 90 dogs were re-evaluated (the remaining dogs were lost to deaths, address changes and donations), and the prevalence was found to be 35 (38.9%) of 90, with the predominant serovar being Icterohaemorrhagiae (51.4%). Moreover, the incidence was 26 of 90 (28.9%), and the disease was statistically associated with age (2009) and street access (2010). Conclusions Our findings revealed instability in the dog population and age to be relevant risk factors for canine leptospirosis. Universidade de Sao Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva e Saude Animal Secretaria da Saude Departamento de Vigilancia em Saude Universidade Federal do Parana Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Universidade Estadual de Sao Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Ciencias Animais Departamento de Higiene e Saude Publica Ministerio da Saude Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude Departamento de Vigilancia Epidemiologica

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T18:03:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:26:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:39:57Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:39:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Leptospirosis is a globally distributed emerging zoonosis. Dogs are commonly affected and although other serovars can cause canine leptospirosis, Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola is primary found in these animals. A retrospective study was conducted using a database of 1195 dogs tested for Leptospira infection from 2003 to 2010 at the Laboratory of Zoonosis Diagnosis at the Veterinary Hospital of São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Botucatu, São Paulo state, Brazil. The seroprevalence of infected dogs was 20.08% (240/1195), and the most prevalent serovars were Canicola (6.7%), Copenhageni (5.0%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (2.9%), Autumnalis (2.9%), Pyrogenes (2.8%), Pomona (2.0%), Hardjo (2.0%), Australis (1.8%), Bratislava (1.6%), Cynopteri (1.4%), Grippotyphosa (1.3%) and Djasiman (1.0%). By univariate analysis, the variables age and breed were not statistically related to the infection, while gender and season were. The effects of gender were also noticeable related to serovars Australis, Canicola and Hardjo. In multivariate analysis, the level of significance (p-value) of season was suppressed by gender, indicating possible collinearity between those two variables. UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med & Anim Husb, Dept Vet Hyg & Publ Hlth, Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med & Anim Husb, Dept Vet Hyg & Publ Hlth, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T22:37:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-13 Leptospirosis, a worldwide distributed zoononis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira (antigenically classified into serovars), may be direct or indirectly transmitted through infected urine or environment. Several domestic and wild animals are leptospirosis reservoirs. The disease presents occupational character since it is widely reported in professionals that work in humid environments - such as sewage workers and fishermen - and in places where rodents or susceptible animals are found, like slaughterhouses and veterinary clinics. In developing countries, outbreaks are related to lack of sanitation, overcrowding in inadequate housing and climatic conditions. In developed countries, sporadic cases occur in aquatic recreational activities including swimming and triathlon. The diagnosis of leptospirosis is complex due to the variety of symptoms, disease severity and the lack of techniques that are able to early detect the infection. Thus, leptospirosis causes numerous public health problems and educational activities are very important to its control. © CEVAP 2011. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T13:51:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-07-19T14:03:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-29612010000100012.pdf: 57620 bytes, checksum: 9a57abf65cab07043baffb894e2afa4e (MD5) A leishmaniose é uma importante parasitose re-emergente observada no mundo, particularmente em países tropicais. Não há ainda relatos de casos autóctones no estado do Paraná. Não há até o momento referência de vigilância no reservatório canino, tais como Curitiba e região metropolitana do estado. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a soroprevalência da leishmaniose visceral em cães entregues ao Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de São José dos Pinhais, Paraná para eutanásia. A detecção sorológica da presença de anticorpos contra Leishmania sp. foi realizada por (ELISA) indireto e pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI). Além disso, impressão de linfonodo poplíteo coletadas ao acaso de 50 cães com sinais clínicos suspeitos para leishmaniose visceral e analisados sob microscopia óptica para detecção de formas amastigotas, foram negativas. Amostras de soro de 364 animais foram testadas, e os resultados mostraram somente uma amostra positiva (0,0027%), reagente ao ELISA e negativa à RIFI, entretanto, o cão não apresentava sinais clínicos. A vigilância ao acaso em uma população de vários locais de uma área metropolitana pode ser uma forma de prevenção da disseminação da doença. Com base nos resultados observados, Curitiba e região metropolitana foram consideradas de baixo risco para a leishmaniose visceral. Leishmaniasis is an important re-emergent parasitosis worldwide, particularly in tropical countries. There are no reports of autochthonous disease in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil. No surveillance has been carried out in the most populated areas such as the city of Curitiba and its surroundings. The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs at the Center for Zoonosis Control of São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, before euthanasia. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were used to detect antibody levels against Leishmania sp. in dog sera. Imprints of the popliteal lymph nodes that were also randomly collected from 50 dogs with suspected clinical signs of visceral leishmaniasis, and evaluated under light microscopy for the detection of amastigote forms, were negative. A total of 364 dog samples were tested. The results showed only one positive sample (0.0027%) by ELISA test but negative by IFAT, however, the dog had no clinical signs. Random surveillance of dog populations from several districts of a metropolitan area may be a means of preventing Leishmania spreading. Based on our results, the city of Curitiba and its metropolitan area were considered at low risk for visceral leishmaniasis. Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departameno de Medicina Veterinária, Curitiba, PR, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Botucatu, SP, Brasil

Toxoplasma gondii, the agent for toxoplasmosis, has worldwide distribution. Horses normally play a secondary role in its life cycle, but movement around urban areas, feeding on grass and the increasing use of carthorses for gathering recyclable material in some urban areas of Brazil may increase their exposure to T. gondii infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies in carthorses in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, PR. IgG antibodies against T. gondii were detected using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (titers ≥ 64). Seventeen (17.0%) of the 100 horses sampled were seropositive. There were no statistical differences in relation to sex (p = 0.28) or age (p = 0.15). Our findings suggest that carthorses are exposed to T. gondii infections and that no associations with age or sex exist. Toxoplasma gondii, agente da toxoplasmose, tem distribuição mundial. Geralmente cavalos desempenham papel secundário no ciclo de vida do T. gondii. Entretanto, a circulação em meio urbano, a alimentação com gramíneas e o aumento no uso de cavalos carroceiros para recolhimento de material reciclável em algumas áreas urbanas do Brasil podem aumentar a exposição desses cavalos ao T. gondii. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a frequência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em cavalos carroceiros da região metropolitana de Curitiba, PR. Os anticorpos da classe IgG contra T. gondii foram detectados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) (títulos ≥ 64). Dezessete (17%) dos 100 cavalos avaliados foram positivos e não houve diferença entre sexos (p = 0,28) ou idade (p = 0,15). Esses achados sugerem que cavalos carroceiros estão expostos a infecções por T. gondii, não existindo associação com a idade ou o sexo dos animais.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-09-23 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Background: Culex Flavivirus (CxFV) is an insect-specific virus that is widely distributed and primarily infects mosquito species from the genus Culex. Its hosts include Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles sinensis mosquitoes. Since its original identification, CxFV has been reported in several countries. Despite the increasing number of reports on CxFV, little is known about its genomic characteristics. It is unclear whether the phylogenetic relationships between the strains are influenced by host species and geographic location. Results: We characterized the Brazilian CxFV strain and performed a comprehensive genetic and phylogenetic characterization of CxFV based on all ORF sequences described so far. Our results revealed that the Brazilian strain is in a monophyletic clade with the Mexican strain. Overall, selective pressure indicates that the ORF is undergoing purifying selection. Conclusions: The phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong association between climate and CxFV ancestry. Also, based on phylogeny and the genetic distance between the main branches of the tree, we propose the classification of the available sequences into two different genotypes. We also suggest the existence of two different subtypes within Genotype 1. UNESP - São Paulo State University, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265 - Jardim Nazareth FAMERP - Faculdade de Medicina de São José Do Rio Preto, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Bloco U6 - Vila Sao Pedro UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin S/N Bairro UNESP - São Paulo State University, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265 - Jardim Nazareth UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin S/N Bairro