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Background: Increasing evidence indicated that metabolic reprograming is essential and has been regarded as a hallmark of cancer. Although the biological functions of Myosin 1b (Myo1b) have been reported in several malignancies, the correlation between Myo1b and cancer metabolism, and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive, particularly in cervical cancer (CC)., Methods: Myo1b and other glycolytic enzymes expression levels were examined in CC cells and tumor tissues from xenograft models by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The biological impacts and regulatory mechanisms of Myo1b on cell migration, invasion and glycolysis were explored. Also, the effects of Myo1b on carcinogenesis and metastasis in nude mice were investigated., Results: Upregulation of Myo1b was found in CC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Overexpressed Myo1b not only significantly elevated CC cell glycolysis, migration and invasion in vitro, but also promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Conversely, Myo1b knockdown had opposite consequences. Moreover, our study suggested that Myo1b stimulated ERK/HIF-1α pathway and its downstream glycolysis associated genes to modulate the glycolysis, migration and invasion of CC., Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that Myo1b regulates migration, invasion and glycolysis in CC through ERK/HIF-1α pathway, suggesting a promising remedial target in treatment of CC., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2021.)

In the current study, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of conventional ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced US (CEUS), combined US and CEUS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting focal solid breast lesions. Totally 117 patients with 120 BI-RADS category 4A-5 breast lesions were evaluated by conventional US and CEUS, and MRI, respectively. SonoVue was used as contrast agent in CEUS and injected as an intravenous bolus; nodule scan was performed 4 minutes after bolus injection. A specific sonographic quantification software was used to obtain color-coded maps of perfusion parameters for the investigated lesion, namely the time-intensity curve. The pattern of contrast enhancement and related indexes regarding the time-intensity curve were used to describe the lesions, comparatively with pathological results. Histopathologic examination revealed 46 benign and 74 malignant lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US in detecting malignant breast lesions were 90.14%, 95.92%, and 92.52%, respectively. Meanwhile, CE-MRI showed sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 88.73%, 95.92%, and 91.67%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for combined US and CEUS in discriminating benign from malignant breast lesions was 0.936, while that of MRI was 0.923, with no significant difference between them, as well as among groups. The time-intensity curve of malignant hypervascular fibroadenoma and papillary lesions mostly showed a fast-in/fast-out pattern, with no good correlation between them (kappa < 0.20). In conclusion, the combined use of conventional US and CEUS displays good agreement with MRI in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.

Objective: To explore the method of Gel card identifying ABO blood group, determine the inconsistent cause and the distribution of disease affecting factors, and put forward a method of its solutions., Methods: To collect 240 positive and negative typing-discordant blood speciments from patients examined by Gel card and send these speciments to blood type reference laboratory for examining with the classic tube method and serological test, such as salivary blood-group substance, in order to performe genotyping method when serologic test can not be determined., Results: Among 240 positive and negative typing-discordant blood speciments from patients examined by Gel card, 107 blood speciments were positive and negative consistent examined by false agglutination test (44.58%), 133 blood specinents were discordent examined by false agglutination (55.42%), out of them, 35 cases (14.58%) with inconsistent cold agglutination test, 22 cases (9.17%) with weakened AB antigenicity, 16 cases (6.67%) with ABO subtyping, 12 cases (5.00%) with positive direct antiglobulin test, 11 cases (4.58%) with reduced or without antibodies, 11 cases (4.58%) with false aggregation caused by drugs or protein, 11 cases (4.58%) with salivary blood-type substances, 8 cases (3.33%) with non-ABO alloantibody, and 7 cases (2.92%) with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The distribution of disease were following: blood disease (16.83%), tumor (11.88%), and cardiopulmonary diseases (11.39%); chi-square test results indicated that the distribution significantly different., Conclusion: The analysis of ABO blood grouping shows a variety factors influencing positive and negative blood typing, and the Gel Card identification can produc more false positive blood types. Therefore, more attention should be paid on the high incidence diseases, such as blood disease, tumor, and cardiopulmonary disease.

In order to evaluate differentiate genetic differences among Schistosoma japonicum isolates from Dali Ancient City, Xizhou and Yongsheng County, Yunnan Province, China, mitochondrial col, cytb, nd1, nd6, and nd4l were PCR amplified and sequenced, revealing nucleotide difference(s) among these strains of 8, 1, 5, 4, and 0, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. japonicum from the three different geographical locations of Yunnan Province were clustered genetically together and were more similar to S. malayensis and S. mekongi than S. haematobium or S. mansoni. For intra-species differentiation purposes, Schistosoma mitochondrial col, nd1, and nd6 are better genetic markers than cytb and nd41.

Objective: To analyze the distribution of irregular antibody of red blood cells in Han population of Chinese Sichuan area, so as to provide valuable information for the safety of transfusion and decrease of immune hemolytic transfusion reaction., Methods: Blood samples from June 2006 to May 2013 were tested for irregular antibody screening and identification, calculating the composition rate, group characteristics and the positive detection rate of irregular antibody., Results: A total of 36287 blood samples were tested, out of them 571 samples were the irregular antibody positive, the positive rate was 1.574%(571/36 287), specific alloantibodies were found in 312 samples, the positive rate was 0.860%(312/36287). And autoantibody was found in 259 samples, the positive rate was 0.714%(259/36 287). The specific alloantibodies ratio in Rh system was the highest, reaching to 73.72%(230/312) with the positive rate of 0.634%;36 cases in Lewis system, account for 11.54%(36/312) with the positive rate of 0.099%; 34 cases in MNS system account for 10.89%(34/312) with the positive rate of 0.094%; direct coomb test showed positive result in 284 samples, the rate was 0.78%. The detected rate of positive irregular antibody in female is obviously higher than that in male patients (P<0.001), and it is also higher in people with pregnancy or transfusion than that in those without it (P<0.05)., Conclusion: The irregular antibody screening and identification are very important in blood transfusion, especially for female and people with transfusion or pregnant history.

Background: The Red Cross of China and Ministry of Health jointly started a pilot program of organ donation after cardiac death to overcome the shortage of available organs since 2010. The purpose of this qualitative study were to compare the consent rate of organ donation between young donor families and adult donor families; to explore and determine factors associated with differences in willingness to donate organs between them. Research objective was to provide a rationale for further preparation of professionals involved in this sensitive work., Methods: Between March 2010 and June 2012, 24 young deceased patients including donors and non-donors and 96 potential adult donors were collected, and consent rates of young donors' families and adult donors' families were calculated. A χ(2) test analysis to compare the consent rates of the two groups was conducted. We studied through semistructured interviews 15 parents of young donors and 15 relatives of old donors who were interviewed for petition of consent. Data collection and analysis of the overall study were performed according to the grounded theory methodology. Factors that influenced the families' decisions were identified and classified. We found the differences in willingness to donate organs between the two groups., Results: The consent rate of young donor families was 66.67%, while the consent rate of adult donor families was 26.04%. Young donor families easily consented to organ donation than adult donor families (P < 0.005). The donors' families had been affected by various factors throughout the process of deciding to give consent for donation. The findings led to the formulation of an empirically based model of interlinking categories that influence families' decision-making process in organ donation. These factors are grouped into five main categories: (1) personal factors, (2) conditions of organ request, (3) interpersonal factors, (4) ethical factors, and (5) traditional views. The funeral tradition influenced the young donor parents' consent to donation, but had no relation with family decision of adult donors. And the family members of young donors are relatively less, who are more likely to reach a consensus., Conclusions: Young donor families influenced by traditional funeral beliefs are easier to consent to organ donation than adult donor families. Family members of young donors are relatively less who are more likely to reach a consensus. Acceptance of the expanded criteria donors may improve the organ donation rates, especially those of the advanced age.

Objective: To review the situation of stomatological research projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and to analyze the status of stomatological research and obtained achievements in the past decade., Methods: The internet-based science information system of NSFC together with Yearbook of Chinese Stomatology was served as the basis of data collection. All of the data were arranged and analyzed by Excel., Results: A total of 866 projects and 234.4054 billion Yuan were supported by NSFC during the past decade, and they were increasing continuously. The average supportive strength of each single project was also enhanced. The percentage of projects supported by the NSFC for young scientists accounted for the biggest proportion. The approved projects of stomatology were covering an increasingly wide area of the subjects. The projects number of different areas kept growing, and further investigations were done in these projects. The areas number were from 10 increasing to 26., Conclusions: With the support of NSFC, great progress has been made in stomatology, and the interdisciplinary research between stomatology and other disciplines is more active.

This paper presents a review of the contribution, revision and defects of the 5th edition of WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen published in 2010. The pity is that the book lacks the data from China. The normal spermatozoon morphology as 4% seems incredible and hard to be applied in practice. The reference values provided by WHO are important records of past findings, but do not hold good for all time. The Manual cannot be looked upon as a "Bible" but a new starting point. It is an inescapable responsibility of Chinese andrologists to establish a set of criteria for human semen analysis specifically applicable to Chinese males.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ginsenoside Rg3 on hepatic fibrosis in murine schistosomiasis japonica., Methods: 54 ICR-strain male mice were divided into 4 groups named as normal control group (A), infected control group (B), praziquantel+Rg3 treated group (C) and praziquantel treated group (D). There were 12 mice in each group, but 18 in group A. Mice in groups B, C, and D were infected with 20 +/- 2 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum. At ten weeks post-infection, 10 mice of group A and 12 mice of group B were weighed and sacrificed. Specimens from left hepatic lobes were taken and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Mice in groups C and D were treated intragastrically with praziquantel at a single dose of 300 mg/kg. At the second day after praziquantel treatment, each mouse in group C was given 3 mg/(kg x d) ginsenoside Rg3 for 8 weeks. The rest mice were sacrificed on 8 weeks after treatment, and liver tissue samples from left hepatic lobes were prepared. The histological changes and collagen fiber deposition in the liver tissue sections were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining and van gieson staining. Liver fibrosis was graded according to semi-quantitative scoring system (SSS) method., Results: In group B, many eggs deposited in the hepatic lobules and portal areas, and eosinophilic abscesses and pseudo-tubercles developed in the liver, especially common in portal areas. There were many fibre hyperplasia and deposit inside abbacy and liver flocculus. Pipestem fibrosis formed around the portal areas, and some cord-like fibres extended into hepatic lobules, and formed in the fibrous septa. After 8-week treatment with ginsenoside Rg3, in group C, the livers were initially enlarged, firm and dust-color; and the degree of hepatomegaly varied from mild to marked; but the degree of fibre hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration were mitigated compared with that of group B. Mean percentage of collagen area in group C [(2.32 +/- 0.99)%] was lower than that of groups B [(11.08 +/- 4.43)%] and D [(11.19 +/- 4.91)%] (P < 0.05). The SSS scores of hepatic fibrosis in group C (2.83 +/- 1.09) was lower than that of groups B (7.42 +/- 1.16) and D (8.08 +/- 1.76) (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rg3 shows anti-hepatofibrosis effects in murine schistosomiasis japonica after praziquantel treatment.

Objective: To study anti-female fecundity effect in mice immunized with soluble immature egg antigen (SIEA) of Schistosoma japonicum, and observe possible mechanism., Methods: Immature eggs were collected from the liver of a rabbit 34 days after being infected with 3000 cercariae of S. japonicum, and soluble antigen was prepared routinely. 20 ICR mice were divided randomly to 2 groups. 11 mice were immunized with SIEA (100 microg per mouse) and Freund adjuvant and the other 9 were injected with equal volume of sterile normal saline and Freund adjuvant as control. All mice received injection 5 times in 2 weeks interval. One week following the last vaccination, mice were challenged with 30 +/- 2 cercariae of S. japonicum Yunnan isolate. Feces were collected on day 45. All mice were sacrificed on day 46. The number of worms collected, number of eggs in feces, female uterus and liver, and the number of egg granulomas on the liver surface were compared between the 2 groups. The vitelline gland of female and testes of male worms were examined by transmission electron microscopy., Results: There was no significant difference on the worm number between the immunized group and control (P > 0.05). The eggs per gram feces and liver, eggs in uterus per female, and egg granulomas on the liver surface were (56.68 +/- 24.78), (5 826 +/- 437), (49.94 +/- 12.53) and (10.04 +/- 1.13)/0.25 cm2, respectively in immunized group, while in control group these were (89.93 +/- 32.18), (10016 +/- 3541), (76.54 +/- 19.77) and (19.22 +/- 2.45)/0.25 cm2 respectively, all with significant difference (P < 0.05). Ultrastructure of the reproductive organs of paired adult worms showed that mature vitelline cells and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of the cells decreased in the vitelline glands of immunized mice. More sustentacular cells and fewer spermatids were seen in testes of immunized mice. Vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm of vitelline cells and sustentacular cells., Conclusion: The results indicated that SIEA may have an anti-fecundity effect possibly through inhibiting the maturation of germinal cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) on EDA region of fibronectin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma cells., Methods: Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique were used to detect the changes of EDA proteins and mRNAs expression., Results: The immunostaining ratio in Tca83 cells with TGF-beta1 was greatly higher than that in Tca83 cells without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.01), the immunostaining ratio in SACC-83 cells with TGF-beta1 was higher than that in SACC-83 cells without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between SACC-LM cells with TGF-beta1 and SACC-LM cells without TGF-beta1 (P > 0.05). In the three oral carcinoma cells, the expression of EDA(+) mRNAs in the group with TGF-beta1 was higher than that in the group without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05). The expression of EDA(-) mRNAs in the group with TGF-beta1 was lower than that in the group without TGF-beta1 (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: TGF-beta1 could influence EDA region splicings and upregulate the expression of EDA region in Tca83, SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells, and might play an important role in accelerating oral carcinoma cells adhesion and tumor invasion and metastasis.

Objective: To detect SH3BP2 gene mutation in a cherubism family., Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the family of cherubism. Genomic DNA was extracted. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were performed to identify the mutation., Results: A transition in exon 9 in SH3BP2 gene was detected in the family, which led to a missense mutation (Arg 415 Pro)., Conclusions: Missense mutation in the SH3BP2 gene was responsible for the phenotypes of this Chinese cherubism family.