Search

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of water extracts of Orychophragmus violaceus seeds on liver injury induced by thioacetamide(TAA) in mice. ICR male mice were randomly divided into seven groups: normal group, model group, bicyclol positive control group(200 mg·kg~(-1)), Kuihua Hugan Tablets group(350 mg·kg~(-1)), O. violaceus seeds low-dose water extract group(125 mg·kg~(-1)), middle-dose water extract group(250 mg·kg~(-1)), and high-dose water extract group(500 mg·kg~(-1)). Intragastric administration was given in all groups at 0.02 mL·g~(-1) body weight, 1 time a day for continuous 4 days. One h after the administration on the 4 th day, the liver injury model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of TAA(100 mg·kg~(-1)). The mice were put to death 24 hours later. Blood and tissues were taken and organ indexes were calculated. The activities of ALT, AST and TBiL in serum were detected. The content of MDA, GSH and the activity of SOD, GSH-Px in liver homogenate were examined by colorimetry method. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues in mice. The protein expression levels of NF-κB p65, Keap-1, Nrf2, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8 were detected by Western blot. The results showed that as compared with the model group, various O. violaceus seeds groups could significantly improve the pathological conditions of liver and reduce ALT, AST, TBiL activities in serum of mice with liver injury. In the high-dose group, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and the content of GSH were significantly increased, while MDA content was sharply declined. Meanwhile, O. violaceus seeds extract down-regulated the expressions of Bax, Keap-1, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, NF-κB p65, cleaved caspase-3 and up-regulated the expressions of Nrf2, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-8. In conclusion, O. violaceus seeds extract exhibited potent protective effect on liver injury induced by TAA in mice, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulating levels of Keap-1, up-regulating the expressions of Nrf2, inhibiting the expressions of p-p38, p-ERK and NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis by down-regulating the expressions of p-JNK and Bax and up-regulating the expressions of Bcl-2.

In this experiment,the antioxidant capacity of raspberry extract and the protective effect on liver injury induced by ConA in mice were investigated. Balb/C male mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal group,model group,bicyclol control group( 200 mg·kg~(-1)),low-dose raspberry extract group( 200 mg·kg~(-1)),middle-dose raspberry extract group( 400 mg·kg~(-1)),and highdose raspberry extract group( 800 mg·kg~(-1)). Each group was intragastrically administered with drugs according to the body weight once a day. Seven days later,all of the groups except for the normal group were treated with ConA( 20 mg·kg~(-1)) through tail vein injection to establish the acute liver injury model. The mice were put to death 8 hours later. The organ indexes were calculated. These rum levels of ALT,AST and LDH and the activities of SOD,CAT,GSH and MDA in liver tissue were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Bax,Bcl-2,Nrf2 and Keap-1. The antioxidant capacity of raspberry extract was measured by CAA assay. The results showed that,raspberry extract had a strong antioxidant capacity. Simultaneously,compared with the model group,raspberry extract can significantly improve the pathological conditions of liver,and significantly reduce ALT,AST and LDH activities in serum of liver injury mice( P0. 01). The activities of SOD,CAT in liver homogenate supernatant were significantly increased in the high-dose group,the content of GSH increased,while the content of MDA was sharply declined in the high-dose group( P0. 01). Meanwhile,raspberry extract down-regulated the expressions of Bax and Keap-1 and up-regulated the expressions of Bcl-2 and Nrf2. CAA showed that the compound raspberry extract had a strong antioxidant capacity. Therefore,raspberry extract has an obvious protective effect on acute liver injury induced by ConA in mice.

Large-scale fragments formed by packaging shell of stun grenade are easy to cause irreversible damage to human body in close range. In order to reduce the specific kinetic energy of shell fragments as much as possible, the pre-grooving method is proposed to optimize the safety of packaging shell. According to the process of fragment forming, flying and impacting, the shell breaking model, fragment dispersion model and average specific kinetic energy calculation model are established respectively. The non-grooved shell and inner grooved shell are simulated by the joint simulation method of HyperMesh, LS-DYNA and Matlab. The fragment mass distribution, initial velocity and average specific kinetic energy are obtained and compared. The results show that under the same main charge parameters, the mass distribution of fragments is more concentrated and the large mass fragments are less in the inner grooved shell than in the non-grooved shell; the average initial velocity of fragments in the inner grooved shell is lower than that in the non-grooved shell; the attenuation of average specific kinetic energy in the inner grooved shell is faster than that in the non-grooved shell, which is safer than that in the non-grooved structure.

Objective To observe the effect of comlex TIANPU tablets(cTP) on the immune and hematopoietic function of radiation-injured mice.Methods One hundred and eight male ICR mice(aged 6 weeks) were involved in present study and randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,positive control group,and cTP high-,middle-and low-dose group(18 each).Mice in cTP high-,middle-and low-dose group were administratered intragastrically with 0.24,0.12 and 0.06g/kg cTP,respectively;in positive control group with 20mg/kg leucogen;while in normal and model control group with same amount of distilled water.All the animals were administratered once a day for 21d.The radiation injury model was then established by radiation of 3.0 Gy 60Co γ rays in all mice except those in normal control group,and the intragastric administration was continued for 10 days after radiation(till the end of the experiment).The lymphocyte transformation,phagocytosis of phagocytes and the peripheral leukocyte count were determined,and the colony forming unit-erythroid(CFU-E),burst forming unit-erythroid(BFU-E),CFU-granulocyte and macrophage(CFU-GM),CFU-megakaryocyte(CFU-Meg) and CFU-multipotential(CFU-Mix) in bone marrow were tested.Results After 3.0Gy 60Co γ rays radiation,the T and B lymphocyte transformation and phagocytosis of phagocytes of model control group decreased significantly compared with those of normal control group(P < 0.01),while cTP increased the lymphocyte transformation and phagocytosis of phagocytes of model mice.Moreover,compared with normal control group,the CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-GM,CFU-Meg and CFU-Mix in bone marrow and peripheral leukocyte count of model control group decreased rapidly after 3.0Gy 60Co γ ray radiation(P < 0.01),while cTP promoted the recovery of leukocytes and increased the CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-GM,CFU-Meg and CFU-Mix.Conclusion cTP has a forceful effect against the radiation-induced damage in a possible mechanism of enhancing the immune and hematopoietic function.

High-dynamic bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar(HBFL-SAR) is the application of bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar to high dynamic radar platform, which is a new and special imaging mode. This paper establishes the geometry and the echo model under high dynamic conditions according to the moving feature of HBFL-SAR. And then a target location method based on the Newton iteration method is presented. The simulation results of ground point-targets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed location method. Furthermore, this method is applied to locating ship target on the sea, only part echo data is used at the price of reducing the azimuth resolution to improve the computational efficiency. The validity of the method is further indicated by the ship target simulation.

When we consider risk as a type of financial asset, and accordingly transform the measurement of risk into the pricing of asset (i.e. risk), a series of assets pricing methods in financial economics can be applied. Furthermore, Equilibrium Pricing Principle has proved the rationality and feasibility of this consideration, and points out that traditional risk measurement method, VaR (Value at Risk) is also under this framework. This research additionally discusses how to reflect people's risk aversion, a kind of subjective emotion through the risk measurement, and in the meanwhile makes risk measure consistent with the conditions of risk measurement in order to complete the development of risk measurement method. Referring former literature on stock market risk, we set up model of fluctuations in terms of quantile regression, practice this developed method, and preliminarily compare it with existing researches.