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215 results on '"Lipavský, P."'

51. Simulation of Heavy Ion Reactions with Nonlocal Kinetic Equations

Author

Morawetz, K., Špička, V., Lipavský, P., and Kuhrts, Ch.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The incorporation of realistic trajectories of two-particle scattering into existing BUU or QMD codes meets considerable difficulties. We propose a method of replacing the scattering event by a tractable non-local scenario reproducing the correct asymptotics. The first principle derivation justifies the use of corresponding nonlocal kinetic equations. The nonlocal shifts are necessary if the system should approach an equation of state with second quantum virial coefficient. The modifications of QMD and BUU codes are discussed and comparison are presented with resent data. We find a pre-equilibrium production of particles leading to higher energetic distributions of protons., Comment: Hirschegg99 proceedings

Published
1999

52. The influence of mineral fertilisers, farmyard manure, liming and sowing rate on winter wheat grain yields

Author

Mikuláš MADARAS, Markéta MAYEROVÁ, Jitka KUMHÁLOVÁ, and Jan LIPAVSKÝ

Subjects
triticum aestivum, long-term field trials, seeding density, soil productivity, nutrients, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

The influence of mineral fertilisers, liming, farmyard manure and sowing rate on the winter wheat grain yields was studied in a long-term field experiment at 4 sites under different soil and climatic conditions in the Czech Republic. A total of 135 partial fraction-factorial experiments were performed between 1980 and 2013 and evaluated using a statistical model with linear and quadratic terms for each factor. Yield trends demonstrated remarkable influence of fertilisation at two sites of lower starting productivity. Here, grain yields increased by 50% and 25% since the trial commencement, while the rate of yield increase was low at more productive sites. Yields were the most frequently influenced by nitrogen (N) fertilisation, uniformly at all sites. N response curves were strongly curvilinear, but these differed between sites and were affected by preceding crops. The relative frequency of statistically significant influences decreased in the following order: N (significant at α < 0.05 in 89% of all partial trials) > sowing rate (29%) > phosphorus (22%) > farmyard manure (15%) > potassium (12%) > liming (8%). This order and the frequencies of these influences are discussed with regard to relevant site and soil conditions.

Published
2018
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53. Non-instant collisions and two concepts of quasiparticle

Author

Lipavský, Pavel, Špička, Václav, and Morawetz, Klaus

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

The kinetic theory recently implemented in heavy ion reactions combines a non-local and non-instant picture of binary collisions with quasiparticle features. We show that the non-instant description is compatible with the spectral concept of quasiparticles while the commonly used variational concept is consistent only with instant collisions. The rearrangement energy, by which the variational concept surpasses the spectral one, is shown to be covered by a medium effect on non-instant collisions., Comment: PRE 59,1 rap. comm

Published
1998
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54. Duration and non-locality of a nucleon-nucleon collision

Author

Morawetz, Klaus, Lipavský, Pavel, Špička, Václav, and Kwong, Nai-Hang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

For a set of realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials we evaluate microscopic parameters of binary collisions: a time duration of the scattering state, a mean distance and a rotation of nucleons during a collision. These parameters enter the kinetic equation as non-instantaneous and non-local corrections of the scattering integral, i.e., they can be experimentally tested. Being proportional to off-shell derivatives of the scattering T-matrix, non-instantaneous and non-local corrections make it possible to compare the off-shell behavior of different potentials in a vicinity of the energy shell. The Bonn one-Boson-exchange (A-C) and Paris potentials are found to yield very close results, while the separable Paris potential differs., Comment: Phys. Rev. C sub

Published
1998
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55. Nonlocal Kinetic Equation and Simulations of Heavy Ion Reactions

Author

Morawetz, Klaus, Lipavský, Pavel, and Špička, Václav

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

A kinetic equation which combines the quasiparticle drift of Landau's equation with a dissipation governed by a nonlocal and noninstantaneous scattering integral in the spirit of Enskog corrections is discussed. Numerical values of the off-shell contribution to the Wigner distribution, of the collision duration and of the collision nonlocality are presented for different realistic potentials. On preliminary results we show that simulations of quantum molecular dynamics extended by the nonlocal treatment of collisions leads to a broader proton distribution bringing the theoretical spectra closer towards the experimental values than the local approach., Comment: Proceedings of the Erice School, published as Vol. 42 of "Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics" by ELSEVIER

Published
1998
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56. Virial corrections to simulations of heavy ion reactions

Author

Morawetz, Klaus, Špička, Václav, Lipavský, Pavel, Kortemeyer, Gerd, Kuhrts, Christiane, and Nebauer, Regina

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Within QMD simulations we demonstrate the effect of virial corrections on heavy ion reactions. Unlike in standard codes, the binary collisions are treated as non-local so that the contribution of the collision flux to the reaction dynamics is covered. A comparison with standard QMD simulations shows that the virial corrections lead to a broader proton distribution bringing theoretical spectra closer towards experimental values. Complementary BUU simulations reveal that the non-locality enhances the collision rate in the early stage of the reaction. It suggests that the broader distribution appears due to an enhanced pre-equilibrium emission of particles.

Published
1998
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57. Chaotic scattering on surfaces and collisional damping of collective modes

Author

Morawetz, Klaus, Vogt, Michael, Fuhrmann, Uwe, Lipavský, Pavel, and Špička, Václav

Subjects
Astrophysics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Nuclear Theory, Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Abstract

The damping of hot giant dipole resonances is investigated. The contribution of surface scattering is compared with the contribution from interparticle collisions. A unified response function is presented which includes surface damping as well as collisional damping. The surface damping enters the response via the Lyapunov exponent and the collisional damping via the relaxation time. The former is calculated for different shape deformations of quadrupole and octupole type. The surface as well as the collisional contribution each reproduce almost the experimental value, therefore we propose a proper weighting between both contributions related to their relative occurrence due to collision frequencies between particles and of particles with the surface. We find that for low and high temperatures the collisional contribution dominates whereas the surface damping is dominant around the temperatures $\sqrt{3}/2\pi$ of the centroid energy., Comment: PRC sub

Published
1998
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58. Kinetic equation consistent with the equation of state of nuclear matter

Author

Špička, Václav, Lipavský, Pavel, and Morawetz, Klaus

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

A kinetic equation which combines the quasiparticle drift of Landau's equation with a dissipation governed by a nonlocal and noninstant scattering integral in the spirit of Snider's equation for gases is derived. Consequent balance equations for the density, momentum and energy include quasiparticle contributions and the second order quantum virial corrections. The medium effects on binary collisions are shown to mediate the latent heat, i.e., an energy conversion between correlation and thermal energy. An implementation to heavy ion collisions is discussed.

Published
1998
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59. Quasiparticle transport equation with collision delay. II. Microscopic Theory

Author

Špička, Václav, Lipavský, Pavel, and Morawetz, Klaus

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

For a system of non-interacting electrons scattered by neutral impurities, we derive a modified Boltzmann equation that includes quasiparticle and virial corrections. We start from quasiclassical transport equation for non-equilibrium Green's functions and apply limit of small scattering rates. Resulting transport equation for quasiparticles has gradient corrections to scattering integrals. These gradient corrections are rearranged into a form characteristic for virial corrections.

Published
1998
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60. Quasiparticle transport equation with collision delay. I. Phenomenological approach

Author

Špička, Václav, Lipavský, Pavel, and Morawetz, Klaus

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

For a system of non-interacting electrons scattered by resonant levels of neutral impurities, we show that virial and quasiparticle corrections have nearly equal magnitudes. We propose a modification of the Boltzmann equation that includes quasiparticle and virial corrections and discuss their interplay on a dielectric function.

Published
1998

61. Formation of correlations in strongly coupled plasmas

Author

Morawetz, K., Špička, V., and Lipavský, P.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - General Physics
Abstract

The formation of binary correlations in plasma is studied from the quantum kinetic equation. It is shown that this formation is much faster than dissipation due to collisions. In a hot (dense) plasma the correlations are formed on the scale of inverse plasma frequency (Fermi energy). We derive analytical formulae for the time dependency of the potential energy which measures the extent of correlations. We discuss the dynamical formation of screening and compare with the statical screened result. Comparisons are made with molecular dynamic simulations., Comment: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Atomic Physics for Ion-Driven Fusion, Heidelberg 1997, appear in Laser and Particle Beams

Published
1998
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62. Formation of binary correlations in plasma

Author

Morawetz, Klaus, Špička, Václav, and Lipavský, Pavel

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

The formation of binary correlations in plasma is studied from the quantum kinetic equation. It is shown that this formation is much faster than dissipation due to collisions, in hot (dense) plasma the correlations form on the timescale of inverse plasma frequency (Fermi energy). This hierarchy of characteristic times is used to derive analytical formulae for time dependency of the potential energy of binary interactions which measures the extent of correlations. We discuss the dynamical formation of screening and compare with the statical screened result.Comparisons are made with molecular dynamic simulations. In the low temperature limit we find an analytical expression for the formation of correlation which is general for any binary interaction. It can be applied in nuclear situations as well as dense metals., Comment: Phys. Lett. A sub

Published
1998

63. Transport theory with nonlocal corrections

Author

Morawetz, K., Spička, V., and Lipavský, P.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - General Physics
Abstract

A kinetic equation which combines the quasiparticle drift of Landau's equation with a dissipation governed by a nonlocal and noninstant scattering integral in the spirit of Snider's equation for gases is derived. Consequent balance equations for the density, momentum and energy include quasiparticle contributions and the second order quantum virial corrections and are proven to be consistent with conservation laws., Comment: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Atomic Physics for Ion-Driven Fusion, Heidelberg 1997, appear in Laser and Particle Beams

Published
1998
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65. Multiband tight--binding approach to tunneling in semiconductor heterostructures: Application to $\Gamma X$ transfer in GaAs

Author

Støvneng, J. A. and Lipavský, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

We study tunneling in semiconductor heterostructures where the constituent materials can have a direct or indirect bandgap. In order to have a good description of the lowest conduction band, we have used the nearest-- neighbour $sp^3s^*$ tight--binding model put forward by P. Vogl {\em et al.}. A recursive Green--function method yields transmission coefficients from which an expression for the current density may be written down. The method is applied to GaAs/AlAs heterostructures. Electrons may traverse the AlAs barriers via different tunneling states $\psi_{\Gamma}$ and $\psi_X$ ($\Gamma X$ mixing). With an applied bias $V>0.5$ V electrons may enter the GaAs collector contact in both the $\Gamma$ and the $X$ valley ($\Gamma X$ transfer). We have studied a number of GaAs/AlAs structures. For very narrow barriers there is little $\Gamma X$ transfer, but AlAs barriers wider than about 25 \AA act as ``$\Gamma X$ filters'', i.e., most transmitted electrons have been transfered to the $X$ valley., Comment: 25 pages (6 figures upon request)

Published
1993
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66. Non-local Corrections

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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67. Quasi-neutral Limit

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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68. Diamagnetic Current at Surface

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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69. Electrostatic Potential Above a Surface with Vortices

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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70. Outlook and Perspectives

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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71. Layered Structures

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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72. Extended Ginzburg–Landau Theory

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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73. Thermodynamical Correction

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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74. Phenomenological Description

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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75. Effect of the Electrostatic Field on the Superconductor

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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76. Balance of Forces

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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77. Matching of Electrostatic Potentials at Surfaces

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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78. History of the Bernoulli Potential

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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79. Basic Concepts

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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80. Diamagnetic Currents Deep in the Bulk

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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81. Charge Transfer in Layered Structures

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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82. Surfaces

Author

Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, Yang, Tzong-Jer, Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Lipavský, P., Koláček, Jan, Morawetz, Klaus, Brandt, Ernst Helmut, and Yang, Tzong-Jer

Published
2008
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84. Study on some soil quality changes obtained from long-term experiments

Author

I. Stehlíková, M. Madaras, J. Lipavský, and T. Šimon

Subjects
crop production, land management, farmyard manure, fraction, soil susceptibility, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Agricultural practice often causes soil structure degradation and as a result it leads to changes in soil fertility and quality. The aim of this study was to compare soil aggregate stability (SAS) and soil organic matter (OM) quantity and quality in different systems of soil management. Three adjoining long-term experiments established on Chernozem were chosen; they were all set up in different years with different crop rotations and comparable fertilization treatments: control (without fertilization); NPK; manure; NPK + manure; N + manure; OM and NPK + OM. SAS was statistically significantly lower in the trial with the highest proportion of cereals in the crop rotation. Differences among the fertilization treatments were noticeable, but not significant; the lowest SAS was observed at treatments with the mineral NPK fertilization. Significant correlation was found out between SAS and C/N ratio (R = -0.571; P < 0.05) and between SAS and soil pH (R = 0.30; P < 0.05). Further, the individual trials differed in soil pH. A significant positive influence of the treatment NPK + manure was observed in the content of hot water-extractable carbon (Chwl) and total soil organic carbon and nitrogen. The significant correlation between the 3000-2800/cmpeak area of fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and labile organic compounds in soil (Chwl) was confirmed.

Published
2016
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87. Evaluation of crop yield under different nitrogen doses of mineral fertilization

Author

Š. Matějková, J. Kumhálová, and J. Lipavský

Subjects
crop yield variability, site-specific zone, variable dose of fertilizer, winter wheat, winter rape, oats, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Yields of winter wheat, winter rape and oats were evaluated in the field; the field was divided into the site-specific zones and treated with variable doses of nitrogen fertilizer in years 2004-2006. Measurements of the yields were carried out with a yield monitor placed in a combine harvester. The measured data were processed into the yield maps by means of ArcGIS 9.2 software. Variable application of fertilizer should balance yield potential of the field. Generally, total yield variability on the field after the application of various doses of experimental fertilizer was similar in the years 2004 (11.3%), 2005 (14.7%) and 2006 (11.7%) in comparison with the year 2003 (25.02%). Variable application of nitrogen in the site-specific zones, created on the basis of the yield levels, decreased the yield variability in comparison with the uniform dose. Different doses of nitrogen fertilizer also enabled to increase utilization of production potential of the experimental field.

Published
2010
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88. Effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch

Author

I. Burešová, I. Sedláčková, O. Faměra, and J. Lipavský

Subjects
triticale, starch, amylose, amylopectin, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

The effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch was studied on winter triticale cvs. Kitaro, Lupus, Lamberto and Ticino harvested in 2006 and 2007 in Humpolec and Pernolec, Czech Republic. Dry matter of the investigated triticale grain contained 62.4-70.9% of starch. The starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly affected by cultivar and year. Statistical analysis did not confirm that starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly influenced by growing variant or location. The protein content was significantly affected only by year. The differences in protein content among cultivars, growing variants and locations were not significant. The protein content was negatively correlated with starch content (r = -0.83). Statistical analysis of data also confirmed a positive correlation between the starch content and amylose content in starch (r = 0.45).

Published
2010
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89. Interannual dynamics of available potassium in a long-term fertilization experiment

Author

M. Madaras and J. Lipavský

Subjects
long-term experiments, potassium, soil, nutrient balance, crop station, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Dynamics of the plant-available potassium (K) has been studied in polyfactorial long-term fertilization experiments since 1980. The fertilization scheme includes 10 combinations of K muriate and farmyard manure application rates (annually 0-230 kg K/ha). At medium treatment (annually 153 kg K/ha), the K balance within an 8-year crop rotation reflected crop specific K application rates with positive annual balances in years of growing silage maize and sugar beet (high K input), and negative in two years of growing alfalfa. Available K clearly corresponded to the dynamics of the K balance, with statistically significant fluctuations from 88 to 149 mg K/kg within one crop rotation cycle. Periodic fluctuations of available K induced by crop rotation were observed also in non-fertilized treatments. The variability of available K contents was influenced primarily by crop plants and experimental unexplained factors; interannual weather fluctuations and field differences were of low significance. In the paper, the importance of interannual K dynamics for the construction of correct long-term time trends is shown and discussed.

Published
2009
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90. Topography impact on nutrition content in soil and yield

Author

J. Kumhálová, Š. Matějková, M. Fifernová, J. Lipavský, and F. Kumhála

Subjects
precision agriculture, topography, gis, flow accumulation, yield, nutrition content, management zones, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

The main aim of this study was to determine the dependence of yield and selected soil properties on topography of the experimental field by using topographical data (elevation, slope and flow accumulation). The topography and yield data were obtained from a yield monitor for combine harvester, and soil properties data were taken from sampling points of our experimental field. Initially, the topographical parameters of elevation and slope were estimated and then the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) grid was created. On the basis of field slope the flow direction model and the flow accumulation model were created. The flow accumulation model, elevation and slope were then compared with the yield and content of nitrogen and organic carbon in soil in the years 2004, 2005 and 2006 in relation to the sum of precipitation and temperatures in crop growing seasons of these years. The correlation analysis of all previously mentioned elements was calculated and statistical evaluation proved a significant dependence of yield and soil nutrition content on flow accumulation. For the wettest evaluated year the correlation coefficient 0.25 was calculated, for the driest year it was 0.62.

Published
2008
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93. The spatial variability of mineral nitrogen content in topsoil and subsoil

Author

J. Haberle, M. Kroulík, P. Svoboda, J. Lipavský, J. Krejčová, and D. Cerhanová

Subjects
mineral nitrogen, nmin, spatial variability, kriging, roots, winter wheat, oats, mustard, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Spatial variability of soil mineral nitrogen Nmin (N-NH4+, N-NO3-) in a soil profile down to 60 cm was determined in a 19-ha experimental field in Prague-Ruzyně for four years. Winter wheat was grown in the years 2000 and 2001, oats in 2002 and mustard in 2003. Root length distribution and depth of the crops were determined at four locations representing different soil conditions within the experimental field. The coefficient of variation as the measure of the variability of nitrate N in topsoil and subsoil (0-30 and 30-60 cm, respectively) in the experimental years ranged between 18-39 and 20-37%, respectively. It was mostly the same or slightly greater in subsoil than in topsoil in respective years. The variability of ammonium N in topsoil and subsoil ranged between 4-58 and 11-27%, respectively. It was similar in topsoil and subsoil, except for autumn 2000. There was a positive relation between nitrate content in top and subsoil on all sampling terms. We did not find a relationship between Nmin contents in experimental years. Spatial dependencies were evaluated on the basis of model variogram parameters. The nugget value expressed as a percentage value of the total variogram's sill was used for the class of spatial dependence determination. When a spatial dependence of the observed factor was found it was within a range of medium-strong dependence. Only in two cases a strong spatial dependence was found. A considerable variability was also found out in the variogram's range, which was between 61 and396 m. All these facts pose a problem for further actions, such as appropriate design of a sampling grid, measured data spatial interpolation and application maps design.

Published
2004
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