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57. Drought and plant litter chemistry alter microbial gene expression and metabolite production

Author

Malik, Ashish A, Swenson, Tami, Weihe, Claudia, Morrison, Eric W, Martiny, Jennifer BH, Brodie, Eoin L, Northen, Trent R, and Allison, Steven D

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Droughts, Gene Expression, Microbiota, Plant Leaves, Plants, Environmental Sciences, Technology, Microbiology, Biological sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

Drought represents a significant stress to microorganisms and is known to reduce microbial activity and organic matter decomposition in Mediterranean ecosystems. However, we lack a detailed understanding of the drought stress response of microbial decomposers. Here we present metatranscriptomic and metabolomic data on the physiological response of in situ microbial communities on plant litter to long-term drought in Californian grass and shrub ecosystems. We hypothesised that drought causes greater microbial allocation to stress tolerance relative to growth pathways. In grass litter, communities from the decade-long ambient and reduced precipitation treatments had distinct taxonomic and functional profiles. The most discernable physiological signatures of drought were production or uptake of compatible solutes to maintain cellular osmotic balance, and synthesis of capsular and extracellular polymeric substances as a mechanism to retain water. The results show a clear functional response to drought in grass litter communities with greater allocation to survival relative to growth that could affect decomposition under drought. In contrast, communities on chemically more diverse and complex shrub litter had smaller physiological differences in response to long-term drought but higher investment in resource acquisition traits across precipitation treatments, suggesting that the functional response to drought is constrained by substrate quality. Our findings suggest, for the first time in a field setting, a trade off between microbial drought stress tolerance, resource acquisition and growth traits in plant litter microbial communities.

Published
2020

58. Linking microbial communities to soil carbon cycling under anthropogenic change using a trait-based framework

Author

Malik, Ashish, Griffiths, Robert, and Allison, Steven

Abstract

Microbial physiology may be critical for projecting future changes in soil carbon. Still, predicting the ecosystem implications of microbial processes remains a challenge. We argue that this challenge can be met by identifying microbial life history strategies based on their phenotypic characteristics, or traits, and representing these strategies in models simulating different environmental conditions. By adapting several theories from macroecology, we define microbial high yield (Y), resource acquisition (A), and stress tolerance (S) strategies. Using multi-omics and carbon stable isotope probing tools, we empirically validated our Y-A-S framework by studying variations in community traits along gradients of resource availability and abiotic conditions arising from anthropogenic change. Across a Britain-wide land use intensity gradient, we used isotope tracing and metaproteomics to show that microbial resource acquisition and stress tolerance traits trade off with growth yield measured as carbon use efficiency. Reduced community growth yield with intensification was linked to decreased microbial biomass and increased biomass-specific respiration which subsequently translated into lower organic carbon storage in such soil systems. We concluded that less-intensive management practices have more potential for carbon storage through increased microbial growth yield by greater channelling of substrates into biomass synthesis. In Californian grass and shrub ecosystems, we used metatranscriptomics and metabolomics to infer traits of in situ microbial communities on plant leaf litter in response to long-term drought. This experimental set-up provided gradients of resource availability and water stress. We observed that drought causes greater microbial allocation to stress tolerance. The most discernable physiological adaptations to drought in litter communities were production or uptake of compatible solutes like trehalose and ectoine as well as inorganic ions to maintain cellular osmotic balance. Grass communities also increased expression of genes for synthesis of capsular and extracellular polymeric substances possibly as a mechanism to retain water. These results showed a clear functional response to drought in grass litter communities with greater allocation to survival relative to growth that reduced decomposition under drought. In contrast, communities on chemically complex shrub litter had smaller differences in gene expression and metabolite profiles in response to drought, suggesting that the drought stress response is constrained by litter chemistry which also reduces decomposition rates. Overall, our findings suggest trade-offs between drought stress tolerance, resource acquisition and growth yield in communities across different ecosystems. These empirical studies demonstrate how trade-offs in key microbial traits can have consequences on soil carbon decomposition and storage. We recommend the use of our Y-A-S framework in experimental and modelling studies to mechanistically link microbial communities to system-level processes.

Published
2020

63. Contributors

Author

Adefegha, Stephen A., primary, Ajiboye, Itunu O., additional, Ambi, Senthil Visaga, additional, Anandakumar, Pandi, additional, Atale, Neha, additional, Bae, Geon Ho, additional, Bae, Yoe-Sik, additional, Bagchi, Angshuman, additional, Baisakhiya, Shreya, additional, Bali, Moses, additional, Banerjee, Antara, additional, Benitez, Sonia, additional, Bhagat, Gaurav Kumar, additional, Bhagya, N., additional, Bhattacharyya, Sankar, additional, Boeno, Charles Nunes, additional, Chaudhuri, Rupa, additional, Correa, Fernando, additional, Coward, Kevin, additional, da Silva Setubal, Sulamita, additional, Dahiya, Kiran, additional, Dalal, Deepika, additional, Das, Simita, additional, Das, Undurti N., additional, De Laurentiis, Andrea, additional, Delgado-Bermúdez, Ariadna, additional, Dhananjaya, G., additional, Diniz-Sousa, Rafaela, additional, Ejike, Uju Dorathy Iliemene, additional, Esmeeta, Akanksha, additional, Gangadharan, Gireesh, additional, Ghosh, Sukanya, additional, Gopal, Gayathri, additional, Hegde, Kshema Umesh, additional, Jones, Celine, additional, Kamalakkannan, Abishek, additional, Kang, Ji Hyeon, additional, Krishnaswami, Venkateshwaran, additional, Krushnamurthy, P.H., additional, Liman, Mubarak Labaran, additional, Lopes, Jéssica Amaral, additional, Loushambam, Borish, additional, Mahanta, Nilkamal, additional, Maiti, Amit K., additional, Malik, Ashish Kumar, additional, Mehak, Sonam Fathima, additional, Molehin, Olorunfemi R., additional, Muralidar, Shibi, additional, Nagarajan, Devipriya, additional, Natarajan, Balakrishnan, additional, Naveenkumar, Chandrashekar, additional, Ogunleye, Tiwalola M., additional, Olonishuwa, Paul T., additional, Padmanabhan, Praviene, additional, Parashar, Soumya, additional, Park, Seon Hyang, additional, Pathak, Surajit, additional, Pillai, Vikram Gopalakrishna, additional, Prakash, Diwahar, additional, Puig, Nuria, additional, Rani, Vibha, additional, Rojas, Karen, additional, Ryu, Sung Ho, additional, Saha, Priyanka, additional, Samanta, Anurima, additional, Sánchez-Quesada, José Luis, additional, Sarkar, Debanjan, additional, Shruthi, N.R., additional, Singh, Harshita, additional, Singhal, Shivani, additional, Sinha, Dona, additional, Spandana, K.J., additional, Sunnagatta Nagaraja, Sunilgowda, additional, Valdivia-Najar, Jason, additional, Vallejo-Cardona, Alba Adriana, additional, Velázquez-Fernández, Jesús Bernardino, additional, Verdugo-Molinares, Maritza Guadalupe, additional, Vijayaraghavalu, Sivakumar, additional, Wolfson, Manuel L., additional, Yeste, Marc, additional, Zabel, Brian A., additional, Zamuner, Stella Regina, additional, Zhu, Chao, additional, and Zuliani, Juliana Pavan, additional

Published
2023
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66. 2D Image to Standard Triangle Language (STL) 3D Image Conversion

Author

Sharma, Manoj K., Malik, Ashish, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Nanda, Priyadarsi, editor, Verma, Vivek Kumar, editor, Srivastava, Sumit, editor, Gupta, Rohit Kumar, editor, and Mazumdar, Arka Prokash, editor

Published
2022
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68. Enhanced recovery for liver transplantation: recommendations from the 2022 International Liver Transplantation Society consensus conference

Author

Mayr, Andreas, Dominguez, Beatriz, Muller, Elmi, Rando, Karina, Enoch, Mary Anne, Tamir, Noam, Healy, Pamela, Manser, Tanja, Briggs, Tim, Chaudhary, Abhideep, Humar, Abhinav, Jafarian, Ali, Soin, Arvinder Singh, Eghtesad, Bijan, Miller, Charles, Cherqui, Daniel, Samuel, Didier, Broering, Dieter, Pomfret, Elizabeth, Villamil, Federico, Durand, Francois, Berlakovich, Gabriela, McCaughan, Geoffrey, Auzinger, Georg, Testa, Giuliano, Klintmalm, Goran, Belghiti, Jacques, Findlay, James, Lai, Jennifer, Fung, John, Klinck, John, Roberts, John, Liu, Linda, Cattral, Mark, Ghobrial, Mark, Selzner, Markus, Ramsay, Michael, Rela, Mohamed, Ascher, Nancy, Man, Nancy Kwan, Selzner, Nazia, Burra, Patrizia, Friend, Peter, Busuttil, Ronald, Hwang, Shin, McCluskey, Stuart, Mas, Valeria, Vohra, Vijay, Vij, Vivek, Merritt, William, Tokat, Yaman, Kang, Yoogoo, Chan, Albert, Mazzola, Alessandra, Hessheimer, Amelia, Rammohan, Ashwin, Hogan, Brian, Vinaixa, Carmen, Nasralla, David, Victor, David, De Martin, Eleonora, Alconchel, Felipe, Roll, Garrett, Kabacam, Gokhan, Sapisochin, Gonzalo, Campos-Varela, Isabel, Liu, Jiang, Patel, Madhukar S., Izzy, Manhal, Kalisvaart, Marit, Adams, Megan, Goldaracena, Nicholas, Tinguely, Pascale, Hernandez-Alejandro, Roberto, Chadha, Ryan, Shaker, Tamer Mahmoud, Klair, Tarunjeet S., Pan, Terry, Tanaka, Tomohiro, Yoon, Uzung, Kirchner, Varvara, Hannon, Vivienne, Cheah, Yee Lee, Frola, Carlo, Morkane, Clare, Milliken, Don, Lurje, Georg, Potts, Jonathan, Fernandez, Thomas, Badenoch, Adam, Mukhtar, Ahmed, Zanetto, Alberto, Montano-Loza, Aldo, Chieh, Alfred Kow Wei, Shetty, Amol, DeWolf, Andre, Olmos, Andrea, Mrzljak, Anna, Blasi, Annabel, Berzigotti, Annalisa, Malik, Ashish, Rajakumar, Akila, Davidson, Brian, O'Farrell, Bryan, Kotton, Camille, Imber, Charles, Kwon, Choon Hyuck David, Wray, Christopher, Ahn, Chul-Soo, Krenn, Claus, Quintini, Cristiano, Maluf, Daniel, Mina, Daniel Santa, Sellers, Daniel, Balci, Deniz, Patel, Dhupal, Rudow, Dianne LaPointe, Monbaliu, Diethard, Bezinover, Dmitri, Krzanicki, Dominik, Kim, Dong-Sik, Brombosz, Elizabeth, Blumberg, Emily, Weiss, Emmanuel, Wey, Emmanuel, Kaldas, Fady, Saliba, Faouzi, Pittau, Gabriella, Wagener, Gebhard, Song, Gi-Won, Biancofiore, Gianni, Crespo, Gonzalo, Rodríguez, Gonzalo, Palli, Graciela Martinez, McKenna, Gregory, Petrowsky, Henrik, Egawa, Hiroto, Montasser, Iman, Pirenne, Jacques, Eason, James, Guarrera, James, Pomposelli, James, Lerut, Jan, Emond, Jean, Boehly, Jennifer, Towey, Jennifer, Hillingsø, Jens G, de Jonge, Jeroen, Caicedo, Juan, Heimbach, Julie, Emamaullee, Juliet Ann, Bartoszko, Justyna, Ma, Ka Wing, Kronish, Kate, Forkin, Katherine T., Chok, Kenneth Siu Ho, Olthoff, Kim, Reyntjens, Koen, Lee, Kwang-Woong, Suh, Kyung-Suk, Denehy, Linda, van der Laan, Luc J.W., McCormack, Lucas, Gorvin, Lucy, Ruffolo, Luis, Bhat, Mamatha, Ramírez, María Amalia Matamoros, Londoño, Maria-Carlota, Gitman, Marina, Levstik, Mark, de Santibañes, Martin, Lindsay, Martine, Parotto, Matteo, Armstrong, Matthew, Kasahara, Mureo, Schofield, Nick, Rizkalla, Nicole, Akamatsu, Nobuhisa, Scatton, Olivier, Keskin, Onur, Imventarza, Oscar, Andacoglu, Oya, Muiesan, Paolo, Giorgio, Patricia, Northup, Patrick, Matins, Paulo, Abt, Peter, Newsome, Philip N, Dutkowski, Philipp, Bhangui, Pooja, Bhangui, Prashant, Tandon, Puneeta, Brustia, Raffaele, Planinsic, Raymond, Brown, Robert, Porte, Robert, Barth, Rolf, Ciria, Rubén, Florman, Sander, Dharancy, Sebastien, Pai, Sher-Lu, Yagi, Shintaro, Nadalin, Silvio, Chinnakotla, Srinath, Forbes, Stuart J, Rahman, Suehana, Hong, Suk Kyun, Liying, Sun, Orloff, Susan, Rubman, Susan, Eguchi, Susumu, Ikegami, Toru, Reichman, Trevor, Settmacher, Utz, Aluvihare, Varuna, Xia, Victor, Yoon, Young-In, Soejima, Yuji, Genyk, Yuri, Jalal, Arif, Borakati, Aditya, Gustar, Adrian, Mohamed, Ahmed, Ramirez, Alejandro, Rothnie, Alex, Scott, Aneya, Sharma, Anika, Munro, Annalise, Mahay, Arun, Liew, Belle, Hidalgo, Camila, Crouch, Cara, Yan, Cheung Tsz, Tschuor, Christoph, Shaw, Conrad, Schizas, Dimitrios, Fritche, Dominic, Huda, Fabia Ferdousi, Wells, Gemma, Farrer, Giselle, Kwok, Hiu Tat, Kostakis, Ioannis, Mestre-Costa, Joao, Fan, Ka Hay, Fan, Ka Siu, Fraser, Kyra, Jeilani, Lelia, Pang, Li, Lenti, Lorenzo, Kathirvel, Manikandan, Zachiotis, Marinos, Vailas, Michail, Milan, Michele Mazza, Elnagar, Mohamed, Alradhawi, Mohammad, Dimitrokallis, Nikolaos, Machairas, Nikolaos, Morare, Nolitha, Yeung, Oscar, Khanal, Pragalva, Satish, Pranav, Ghani, Shahi Abdul, Makhdoom, Shahroo, Arulrajan, Sithhipratha, Bogan, Stephanie, Pericleous, Stephanos, Blakemore, Timon, Otti, Vanessa, Lam, Walter, Jackson, Whitney, Abdi, Zakee, Pollok, Joerg M, Berenguer, Marina, Niemann, Claus U, Raptis, Dimitri A, and Spiro, Michael

Published
2023
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75. Soil microbial communities with greater investment in resource acquisition have lower growth yield

Author

Malik, Ashish A, Puissant, Jeremy, Goodall, Tim, Allison, Steven D, and Griffiths, Robert I

Subjects
Carbon, Microbial communities, Enzymes, Carbon use efficiency, Nitrogen, Traits, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Agronomy & Agriculture
Abstract

Resource acquisition and growth yield are fundamental microbial traits that affect biogeochemical processes and have consequences for ecosystem functioning. However, there is a lack of empirical observations linking these traits. Using a landscape-scale survey of temperate near-neutral pH soils, we show tradeoffs in key community-level parameters linked to these traits. Increased investment into extracellular enzymes estimated using specific potential enzyme activity was associated with reduced growth yield obtained using carbon use efficiency measures from stable isotope tracing. Reduction in growth yield was linked more to carbon than nitrogen acquisition highlighting smaller stoichiometric than energetic constraints on community metabolism in examined soils.

Published
2019

87. Febrile Neutropenia: A Review

Author

Singh, Sunder, primary, Malik, Ashish Kumar, additional, Dhankhar, Rakesh, additional, Dahiya, Kiran, additional, and Dalal, Deepika, additional

Published
2022
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91. Higher Education

Author

Connell, Julia, Malik, Ashish, Nankervis, Alan, editor, Connell, Julia, editor, Montague, Alan, editor, and Burgess, John, editor

Published
2021
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