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Cardiac tumours can be classified as neoplastic or non-neoplastic, with secondary tumours being significantly more common than primary ones. Among secondary tumours, melanoma has the highest propensity for cardiac involvement. Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) is a rare skin neoplasm, with an estimated metastatic risk of 10% to 20%. This report presents the case of a 52-year-old male who, after a history of PDS, developed cardiac metastasis 4 years postexcision. Despite clear surgical margins and adjuvant radiotherapy, he later exhibited metastatic disease affecting the lungs and heart. Advanced imaging revealed tumour invasion into the left atrium, leading to palliative chemotherapy and ultimately the patient's transition to palliative care 7 months after diagnosis. This case underscores the need for vigilance in monitoring potential metastasis in rare tumours like PDS.

Introducción: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, se espera que alrededor de una de cada doce mujeres desarrolle CM durante el transcurso de su vida, siendo este, el tipo de cáncer con mayor morbilidad y la segunda causa de muerte a nivel de América Latina. Objetivo: revisar los hallazgos de la literatura de aplicación por parte del personal de enfermería para recomendar estrategias oportunas de prevención centrada en evitar el desarrollo y recurrencia del cáncer de mama en mujeres adultas. Método: revisión sistemática. Entre los años 2019-2023 se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos: Scopus, Pub Med y Science Direct, en idioma inglés. Los estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión para el análisis en profundidad fueron referenciados mediante el programa Mendeley. Resultados: se incluyó un total de 20 artículos (11 estudios observacionales y 9 Ensayos Clínicos Aleatorizados). Se utilizó el diagrama de flujo PRISMA para representar el proceso de la selección de estos artículos. Conclusión: los factores de riesgo modificables asociados al CM: consumo de comidas rápidas, carne de cerdo, obesidad, inactividad física, consumo de alcohol, fumar y trabajo nocturno. Las estrategias se basan en mejorar los conocimientos sobre el CM difundidos en los servicios de salud; programas de intervención de dieta saludable; de actividad física y de concienciación sobre peso; uso de tecnología con apoyo de enfermería.

This study investigates the rheological behavior of cellulose microfiber suspensions derived from kahili ginger stems (Hedychium gardnerianum), an invasive species, in two adhesive matrices: a commercial water-based adhesive (Coplaseal®) and a casein-based adhesive made from non-food-grade milk, referred to as K and S samples, respectively. Rheological analyses were performed using oscillatory and rotational shear tests conducted at 25 °C, 50 °C, and 75 °C to assess the materials’ viscoelastic properties more comprehensively. Oscillatory tests across a frequency range of 1–100 rad/s assessed the storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″), while rotational shear tests evaluated apparent viscosity and shear stress across shear rates from 0.1 to 1000 s−1. Fiber-free samples consistently showed lower moduli than fiber-containing samples at all frequencies. The incorporation of fibers increased the dynamic moduli in both K and S samples, with a quasi-plateau observed at lower frequencies, suggesting solid-like behavior. This trend was consistent in all tested temperatures. As frequencies increased, the fiber network was disrupted, transitioning the samples to fluid-like behavior, with a marked increase in G′ and G″. This transition was more pronounced in K samples, especially above 10 rad/s at 25 °C and 50 °C, but less evident at 75 °C. This shift from solid-like to fluid-like behavior reflects the transition from percolation effects at low frequencies to matrix-dominated responses at high frequencies. In contrast, S samples displayed a wider frequency range for the quasi-plateau, with less pronounced moduli changes at higher frequencies. At 75 °C, the moduli of fiber-containing and fiber-free S samples nearly converged at higher frequencies, indicating similar effects of the fiber and matrix components. Both fiber-reinforced and non-reinforced suspensions exhibited pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) behavior. Fiber-containing samples exhibited higher initial viscosity, with K samples displaying greater differences between fiber-reinforced and non-reinforced systems compared to S samples, where the gap was narrower. Interestingly, S samples exhibited overall higher viscosity than K samples, implying a reduced influence of fibers on the viscosity in the S matrix. This preliminary study highlights the complex interactions between cellulosic fiber networks, adhesive matrices, and rheological conditions. The findings provide a foundation for optimizing the development of sustainable biocomposites, particularly in applications requiring precise tuning of rheological properties.

Introduction: In kidney transplant (KT) recipients diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with an increased mortality and a poorer graft survival. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) have demonstrated cardiovascular and renal benefits in the general population. However, there is lacking evidence in KT recipients. Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor GLP1-RA in a cohort of KT recipients. Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of KT patients with DM who started subcutaneous GLP1-RA in 3 hospitals in the province of Cádiz between February 2016 and July 2022. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria, and weight at baseline and after 6 and 12 months were collected. We analyzed glycemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, and doses and trough levels of tacrolimus. We document episodes of acute rejection (AR), de novo donor-specific antibodies (dnDSA), and adverse effects. Results: During this period, 96 KT with DM started treatment with GLP1-RA, of which 84 had a minimum follow-up of 6 months and 61 were followed for 12 months. A significant reduction was observed in proteinuria (−19.1 mg/g, p = 0.000; −46.6 mg/g, p = 0.000), weight (−3.6 kg, p = 0.000; −3.6 kg, p = 0.000), glycosylated hemoglobin (−0.7%, p = 0.000; −0.9%, p = 0.000), systolic blood pressure (−7.5 mmHg, p = 0.013; −7.3 mmHg, p = 0.004), total cholesterol (−11.5 mg/dL, p = 0.001; −15.6 mg/dl, p = 0.002) and LDL cholesterol (−9.2 mg/dl, p = 0.002; −16.8 mg/dl, p = 0.000) at 6 months and 1 year of follow-up. The eGFR remained stable and the dose and trough levels of tacrolimus did not change. No episodes of AR or development of dnDSA were observed during follow-up. Conclusions: GLP1-RA in KT patients can be a safe and effective option for the management of DM in KT. Resumen: Introducción: En los pacientes receptores de trasplante renal (TR) la diabetes mellitus (DM) se relaciona con una mayor mortalidad y menor supervivencia del injerto. Los agonistas del receptor del péptido 1 similar al glucagón (ar-GLP1) han demostrado beneficios cardiovasculares y renales en la población general. Sin embargo, su evidencia en pacientes TR es limitada. Objetivo: Analizar la eficacia y seguridad de los ar-GLP1 en una cohorte de pacientes TR. Métodos: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo multicéntrico de los pacientes TR con DM que iniciaron ar-GLP1 de administración subcutánea en 3 hospitales de la provincia de Cádiz entre febrero de 2016 y julio de 2022. Se recogió filtrado glomerular estimado (FGe), proteinuria y peso al inicio del tratamiento y tras 6 y 12 meses. Analizamos control glucémico, tensión arterial, perfil lipídico y niveles valle y dosis de tacrolimus. Documentamos episodios de rechazo agudo (RA), anticuerpos donantes específicos de novo (DSAn) y efectos adversos. Resultados: En este periodo 96 TR con DM iniciaron tratamiento con ar-GLP1, de los cuales 84 cumplieron el seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses y 61 pacientes de 1 año. Se observó una reducción significativa de la proteinuria (−19.1 mg/g, p = 0.000; −46.6 mg/g, p = 0.000), peso (−3.6 kg, p = 0.000; −3.6 kg, p = 0.000), hemoglobina glicosilada (−0.7 %, p = 0.000; −0.9%, p = 0.000), tensión arterial sistólica (−7.5 mmHg, p = 0.013; −7.3 mmHg, p = 0.004), colesterol total (−11.5 mg/dL, p = 0.001; −15.6 mg/dl, p = 0.002) y LDL colesterol (− 9.2 mg/dl, p = 0.002; −16.8 mg/dl, p = 0.000) a los 6 meses y al año de seguimiento. El FGe se mantuvo estable y no se modificó ni la dosis ni los niveles valle de tacrolimus. No se objetivaron episodios de RA ni desarrollo de DSAn durante el seguimiento. Conclusiones: Los ar-GLP1 en pacientes TR demuestran que puede ser una opción segura y eficaz para el manejo de la DM en TR.

The karyotype of Pseudapanteles dignus (Muesebeck, 1938), an important parasitoid of a serious tomato pest Phthorimaea (= Tuta) absoluta Meyrick, 1917 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), in the Neotropics and adjacent regions, was studied for the first time using morphometric analysis and several techniques of differential chromosome staining, i.e., C-banding and staining with base-specific fluorochromes, together with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with an 18S rDNA probe. We found n = 7 and 2n = 14 in P. dignus, with seven metacentric chromosomes of similar size in the haploid set. C-banding revealed various C-positive bands, either centromeric or interstitial, on most chromosomes. Both AT-specific and GC-specific fluorochromes, 4’6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) respectively, showed uniform staining of chromosomes. FISH visualized a single subterminal rDNA site on a medium-sized metacentric. A brief review of known chromosome sets of the subfamily Microgastrinae (Braconidae) is given; certain features of karyotype evolution of this group are discussed.

Abstract Background The 24-h urine protein (24-hUP) excretion is the gold standard for evaluating proteinuria. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of protein/creatinine ratio (PCR) for estimating 24-hUP at various levels of renal function and proteinuria levels. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 and December 2023 in Salvador, Bahia-Brazil, as an extension of previously published data from the TUNARI study. The study included 217 samples from 152 patients with various levels of renal function and proteinuria. PCR in isolated samples and 24-hUP were determined conventionally within a 24-h timeframe. Patients were classified into three groups according to the level of renal function (Group 1 = 10 to 60 mL/min) and level of proteinuria ( 3.5 g/day). The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation (rs), coefficient of determination (r2), Bland–Altman plots and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Likelihood ratios, positive (LR +), and negative (LR-) were derived from the sensitivity and specificity of PCR. Results Mean age was 41.5 ± 15.7 years, 61.8% were women, 36.8% Black and 52% Mixed-race. Glomerulopathies constituted 80.3%; 46.1% with lupus nephritis. Of the total urine samples, we observed a high correlation between PCR in the total sample of 24-hUP sample (rs = 0.86, p 0.3–3.5 g/day, the sensitivity was 64.1%, the specificity was 84.6%, and the AUC was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.67; 0.84), PCR detected all cases > 3.5 g/day. Conclusions PCR is a suitable measure to be used as an indicator of 24-hUP at different levels of renal function, but may have limitations at higher levels of proteinuria. Analysis of PCR by proteinuria level found that agreement as well as sensitivity decreases at higher levels, but it maintains good specificity and is able to identify nephrotic range proteinuria.

Objetivo: Verifi car a associação entre a religiosidade e o sentimento de solidão em idosos viúvos. Métodos: Participaram 200 idosos viúvos com idade ≥ 60 anos que frequentam o ambulatório do Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia da PUC-RS. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a escala de solidão da Ucla e a Escala de Frequência de Práticas Religiosas e a Escala de Religiosidade Intrínseca/Extrínseca. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram um alto nível de solidão da amostra, tendo uma média de 48,4%. Para a estimativa da escala da solidão, 36,7% das variações ocorridas podem ser explicadas pela renda, em que quanto maior a renda maior o nível de solidão. Ainda foi encontrada signifi cância na correlação entre solidão e sexo, mostrando que viúvos demonstram maior satisfação social do que viúvas. A maior parte dos idosos apresentou tendência à religiosidade intrínseca (média = 25,5%). Outra relação signifi cativa encontrada foi entre a religiosidade e a faixa etária, sendo que quanto mais idoso, maior a tendência para a prática da religiosidade intrínseca. Foi encontrada diferença signifi cativa na relação entre a escala de solidão e a escala de religiosidade social. Conclusão: De modo geral, verifi cou-se que a renda é um fator preditivo para o sentimento de solidão e a faixa etária é um fator preditivo para a prática da religiosidade intrínseca entre idosos viúvos. Além disso, identifi cou-se que a prática da religiosidade social pode diminuir o sentimento de solidão de idosos viúvos.

Abstract This study adopts an integrative approach, combining quantitative and quantitative analysis based on Court judgements to uncover trends, dynamics and projections in the illegal drug trade. A quantitative analysis offers insight into drug specialisations. A Computer-Assisted Qualitative Document Analysis Software unveils socio-economic changes in a newly pivotal Italian region for international drug trade. The analysis highlights the intricate complexities of this underground activity and assesses the role of organised crime groups, shifts in criminal activities, and the emergence of complementary profitable crimes. The study offers a novel understanding of the multi-faceted nature of the drug trade, its impact on society, and its connection with other types of crimes, empowering policymakers to make evidence-based decisions on prevention and treatment policies.

Abstract Background Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs are essential to prevent and control the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare facilities (HCFs). The current implementation of these programs in Latin America remains largely unknown. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation of IPC program implementation in HCFs from Guatemala, Panama, Ecuador, and Argentina, March-July 2022. We used the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC Assessment Framework (IPCAF) survey, a previously validated structured questionnaire with an associated scoring system that evaluates the eight core components of IPC (IPC program; IPC guidelines; IPC education and training; healthcare-associated infection [HAI] surveillance; multimodal strategies; monitoring and audit of IPC practices and feedback; workload, staffing, and bed occupancy; and the built environment and materials and equipment for IPC). Each section generates a score 0–100. According to the final score, the HCF IPC program implementation is categorized into four levels: inadequate (0–200), basic (201–400), intermediate (401–600), or advanced (601–800). Additionally, we conducted semi-structured interviews among IPC personnel and microbiologists using the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model to evaluate barriers and facilitators for IPC program implementation. We performed directed content analysis of interview transcripts to identify themes that focused on barriers and facilitators of IPC program implementation which are summarized descriptively. Results Thirty-seven HCFs (15 for-profit and 22 non-profit) completed the IPCAF survey. The overall median score was 614 (IQR 569, 693) which corresponded to an “advanced” level of IPC implementation (32% [7/22] non-profit vs. 93% [14/15] for-profit HCFs in this category). The lowest scores were in workload, staffing and bed occupancy followed by IPC training and multimodal strategies. Forty individuals from 16 HCFs were interviewed. They perceived inadequate staffing and technical resources, limited leadership support, and cultural determinants as major barriers to effective IPC guideline implementation, while external accreditation and technical support from public health authorities were perceived as facilitators. Conclusions Efforts to strengthen IPC activities in Latin American HCFs should focus on improving support from hospital leadership and public health authorities to ensure better resource allocation, promoting safety culture, and improving training in quality improvement.

Abstract Background Very few studies to date investigated the prospective association of changes in exposure to the food environment with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aim to explore if time-varying exposure to the food environment was associated with hospitalization and mortality due to total and specific types of CVD in The Netherlands. Methods In this prospective cohort study, 4,641,435 Dutch adults aged 35 + years who did not change residence in 2002–2018 were identified through registry data. Exposure to the food environment was defined as time-varying Food Environment Healthiness Index (FEHI) scores (range: − 5 to 5) and time-varying kernel density of specific food retailers (e.g., fast food outlets, supermarkets) around the home location between 2004 and 2018. The main outcome measures were hospitalization and mortality due to overall CVD, stroke, HF, and CHD occurring between 2004 and 2020, based on hospital and death registries. Results In Cox regression models, each unit increase in the FEHI was associated with a lower hospitalization and mortality of CVD (hospitalization hazard ratio (HRh) = 0.90 (0.89 to 0.91), mortality hazard ratio (HRm) = 0.85 (0.82 to 0.89)), CHD (HRh = 0.88 (0.85 to 0.91), HRm = 0.80 (0.75 to 0.86)), stroke (HRh = 0.89 (0.84 to 0.93)), HRm = 0.89 (0.82 to 0.98)), and HF (HRh = 0.90 (0.84–0.96), HRm = 0.84 (0.76 to 0.92)). Increased density of local food shops, fast food outlets, supermarkets, and convenience stores and decreased density of food delivery outlets and restaurants were associated with a higher risk of CVD, CHD, stroke, and HF hospitalization and mortality. Conclusions In this observational longitudinal study, changes in exposure to a healthier food environment over 14 years were associated with a risk reduction in CVD hospitalization and mortality, in particular in urbanized areas and for younger adults and those with higher incomes.

Abstract Background Reduction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis is an early critical event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), contributing to progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Reduced levels of the nucleoporin 153 (Nup153), a key epigenetic regulator of NSC stemness, characterize the neural stem cells isolated from a mouse model of AD (3×Tg) (AD-NSCs) and determine their altered plasticity and gene expression. Methods Nup153-regulated mechanisms contributing to NSC function were investigated: (1) in cultured NSCs isolated from AD and wild type (WT) mice by proteomics; (2) in vivo by lentiviral-mediated delivery of Nup153 or GFP in the hippocampus of AD and control mice analyzing neurogenesis and cognitive function; (3) in human iPSC-derived brain organoids obtained from AD patients and control subjects as a model of neurodevelopment. Results Proteomic approach identified Nup153 interactors in WT- and AD-NSCs potentially implicated in neurogenesis regulation. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that Nup153-bound proteins in WT-NSCs were involved in RNA metabolism, nuclear import and epigenetic mechanisms. Nup153-bound proteins in AD-NSCs were involved in pathways of neurodegeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, proteasomal processing and RNA degradation. Furthermore, recovery of Nup153 levels in AD-NSCs reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers and recovered proteasomal activity. Lentiviral-mediated delivery of Nup153 in the hippocampal niche of AD mice increased the proliferation of early progenitors, marked by BrdU/DCX and BrdU/PSANCAM positivity and, later, the integration of differentiating neurons in the cell granule layer (BrdU/NeuN+ cells) compared with GFP-injected AD mice. Consistently, Nup153-injected AD mice showed an improvement of cognitive performance in comparison to AD-GFP mice at 1 month after virus delivery assessed by Morris Water Maze. To validate the role of Nup153 in neurogenesis we took advantage of brain organoids derived from AD-iPSCs characterized by fewer neuroepithelial progenitor loops and reduced differentiation areas. The upregulation of Nup153 in AD organoids recovered the formation of neural-like tubes and differentiation. Conclusions Our data suggest that the positive effect of Nup153 on neurogenesis is based on a complex regulatory network orchestrated by Nup153 and that this protein is a valuable disease target.

Deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSDs) consist of gravity-induced, large-scale, gradual rock mass movements. In the Aosta Valley region (Valle d’Aosta NW Italy), DSGDs affect wide valley slopes and produce several interconnected morpho-structures that involve bedrock and Quaternary cover. Some DSGSD effects are not visible at the surface because of subglacial abrasion or burial by sediments and, therefore, are difficult to map with standard geomorphological surveys. This is the case for the Pointe Leysser DSGSD in the Aosta Valley, which is heavily influenced by the historical movements of the Verrogne-Clusellaz Glacier and its tributaries. We conducted a new geological investigation, integrated with deep electrical resistivity tomography geophysical surveys (ERTs). The ERT results were initially compared with geological/geomorphological evidence at the surface to define the correlation between the values and spatial distributions of electrical resistivity and the sediments, rocks, or morpho-structures. The resistivity values at various depths were subsequently analysed, interpreted, and discussed in conjunction with geological hypotheses. The geological and geophysical survey revealed three wide buried glacial valleys filled with glacial sediments and mapped the locations of gravitational morpho-structures at depth. These new data allowed us to draw a relationship between glacialism and gravitational evolution, distinguishing between pre-singlacial movements and postglacial movements.

BackgroundUmbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived CD4+CD25+CD127low regulatory T cells (Tregs) can decrease albuminuria and anti-dsDNA IgG in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ruxolitinib, a JAK/STAT inhibitor, has been shown to improve cutaneous manifestations of SLE. We hypothesize that the addition of ruxolitinib to UCB-Tregs may improve SLE outcomes.MethodsIn vitro cell suppression, phenotype change, IL-10 secretion, and cytokine levels in coculture supernatants were determined to quantify the impact of adding ruxolitinib to UCB-Tregs. A xenogeneic SLE model was utilized to study their in vivo combination.ResultsIn a dose-dependent manner, ruxolitinib addition synergizes with UCB-Tregs to suppress SLE-PBMC proliferation, inhibit CD8+ T cells, and reduce phosphorylation of STAT3/STAT5/AKT in CD8+ T cells. UCB-Treg and ruxolitinib combination also downregulates the soluble form of inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, IP-10, TNF-α, IL-6, sCD40L, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-1α, and LIF in cocultures. The addition of ruxolitinib increases UCB-Treg cell persistence in peripheral blood in vivo and decreases the soluble form of human inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and sCD40L in plasma along with improvement of skin lesions in SLE xenografts. Compared to control, significantly lesser CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and Ki-67+ infiltrates are observed in the lung and kidney of UCB-Tregs and/or ruxolitinib recipients. No added benefit of addition of ruxolitinib is observed on the significant improvement in the urine albumin/creatinine ratio and the anti-dsDNA IgG levels induced by UCB-Tregs.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the addition of ruxolitinib to UCB-Tregs increases UCB-Tregs suppressor function and their persistence in vivo, downregulates systemic inflammation, and controls cutaneous SLE but does not add to UCB-Treg-mediated improvement in renal manifestations.

Introduction: The identification of factors that contribute to the failure of prosthetic rehabilitations is crucial to improve the clinical results and quality of life of patients. Objective: To describe the causes of prosthetic rehabilitation failures in patients treated in the Prosthetics Service at Arnaldo Milián Castro Hospital from January 2019 to March 2020. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample (547) selected by criteria. Document analysis of the medical records was used and the variables were worked on: the result of the rehabilitation (success/failure), sex, age group, type of prosthesis and causes of failure. Results: Of the total units of analysis (918), there were 825 (89.87%) successes and 93 (10.13%) failures. From these latter, 17 were due to functional clinical errors, 9were due to aesthetic and 74 were due to laboratory errors. By sex, there were 2 women with failure for every man; By age, older adults prevailed. The aesthetic errors causes related to the teeth and the plane in partial and total upper prostheses were common. In the functional ones, non-compliance with biomechanical principles and defective centric relation in lower total prosthesis were important. In the laboratory, packaging errors, fractures and lack of packaging material prevailed. Conclusions: The frequency of errors in patients with prosthetic rehabilitation indicates the need for continuous evaluation in order to achieve patient satisfaction.

The beech marten (Martes foina) is a small-size mustelid endangered according to the IUCN Red List. Despite the plethora of parasites potentially affecting its population decline, subcutaneous filarioids are occasionally reported in martens and their competent arthropod vectors are to date unknown. Therefore, from January 2023 to August 2024, this study investigated the presence of subcutaneous filarioids and ectoparasites of road-killed beech martens (n = 7) from southwestern Italy. One marten (14.3 %, 95 % CI: 2.6–51.3) was massively infected with subcutaneous filarioids, i.e., 18 specimens (11 males and 7 females) in the dorso-posterior region, where mild redness and sloughing of skin were found. All the filarioids were identified as Filaria martis via morphology and Sanger sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene that revealed a single sequence type (GenBank accession number PQ034642) having 100 % nucleotide identity with those available in the literature. The phylogenetic analysis displayed a bootstrap value of 100 % between the cox1 sequences of F. martis of this study and those of beech martens from Italy and European minks from Spain. Haemolymph, gut, and salivary glands of the Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from the infected marten scored negative for F. martis larvae and DNA by dissection and PCR, respectively. This study reported for the first time F. martis subcutaneous filariosis in southwestern Italy, previously outlined only in northern and southeastern areas, indicating the circulation of this poorly investigated filarioid. Knowledge of the competent vectors involved in the biological cycle of F. martis requires further experimental studies.

BackgroundThe 2022–2025 Italian Plan for vaccine prevention (PNPV), recognizes vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) as significant contributors to mortality, morbidity, and healthcare expenditure. The digitalization of the national vaccine registry is underway. Initiatives aimed at enhancing digital integration between hospitals and territories are limited, and there is still a gap in the development of automated systems for identifying patients who could benefit from vaccinations directly offered from hospitals.MethodsAdult frail patients who access the hospital will be recruited over 4 years, following the acquisition of informed consent. With the assistance of a privacy-preserving automated algorithm, electronic hospital and vaccination records will be utilized to assess eligibility for vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2, Herpes Zoster, Influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Hepatitis B. Eligible patients will be invited to schedule a vaccination appointment and will be asked to fill in a questionnaire evaluating patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). Outcomes of interest are the feasibility of the pathway, patients’ satisfaction and concerns with it, and its impact on vaccination coverage.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the ethics committee of the “Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli” -FPG- (comitato.etico@policlinicogemelli.it), with approval number 5819. Furthermore, it has been published on ClinicalTrial.gov with the approval number NCT06127563. The results of the study will be disseminated via conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06127563.

Introdução: A violência ocupacional é uma forma de violência influenciada por diferentes fatores laborais que se torna cada vez mais comum contra profissionais da saúde e gera repercussões na saúde física e mental. Objetivo: Identificar possíveis relações entre o modo de trabalho e as formas de violência, e a influência destas para o processo laboral e a saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática conduzida sob protocolo PRISMA nas bases de dados PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram triadas 1.194 publicações e selecionados 19 artigos, a partir dos critérios de elegibilidade. Resultados: Da análise, emergiram categorias relacionadas à violência ocupacional sofrida por profissionais da saúde: formas de violência descritas; agentes que perpetram a violência; profissionais que sofreram a violência; implicações da violência sobre saúde mental e laboral; e as respostas institucionais e legais frente à ocorrência da violência ocupacional. Conclusões: Esta revisão pode fornecer bases para o reconhecimento de formas de violência sofridas por profissionais de saúde, e apresenta apontamentos para enfrentá-la, sobretudo em âmbito institucional. Reforça-se a importância de mais pesquisas relacionadas à temática.

BackgroundThe revolving door phenomenon refers to patients with frequent hospital admissions and emerged after deinstitutionalization reforms have been implemented. Schizophrenia is a severe and debilitating mental disorder and has frequently been identified as one of the most prevalent disorders among revolving door patients. Therefore, this research aimed to identify socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with the revolving door phenomenon in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsWe conducted an observational and retrospective cohort study and collected data from the medical records of individuals admitted to the largest psychiatric hospital in Romania during a 2-year period. Patients with three or more admissions during a 12-month period were identified as revolving door.ResultsOf the total of 635 patients included in this study, 108 met the criteria for revolving door. Patients had a mean age of 44.55±12.83 years and most of them were single (81.7%) and receiving a disability pension (68.7%) and had an illness duration of more than 5 years (81.9%). Male gender (p=0.000), younger age (p

Beer, one of the most widely consumed alcoholic beverages globally, is typically produced from barley and hops, and contains carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, ethanol, and bioactive phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds. However, the knowledge of protein content, particularly bioactive peptides in beer, remains limited. Given that beer production involves raw materials rich in both proteins and proteolytic enzymes, which may remain active throughout the product’s shelf life, beer holds potential as a source of bioactive peptides. This study aimed to investigate the presence of bioactive di- and tripeptides in craft beer samples from Pilsner and IPA styles, after 3 or 6 months of storage. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed using the 46 Da neutral loss method and collision-induced dissociation, followed by peptide bioactivity screening through the BIOPEP database. Twelve di- and tripeptides, with masses ranging from 177 to 329 (m/z), were identified, exhibiting potential bioactivities such as dipeptidyl peptidase IV and III inhibition, ACE inhibition, and antioxidative properties. These activities are associated with reduced risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. After 3 months of storage, peptide intensity decreased in Pilsner samples but increased in IPA samples. Pilsner beers, typically clear due to added chill-proofing proteases, showed reduced peptide intensity over time, whereas IPA, which often remains hazy and lacks such enzymes, exhibited increased peptide levels. These findings suggest that Pilsner beers may benefit from quicker consumption, while IPA may be better suited for longer storage to maximize bioactive peptide intake.

Objective: To analyze the internal morphology of root canals in hypomineralized molars and compare them with healthy teeth and different lesion discolorations using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: CBCT scans of Nineteen teeth were collected: five hypomineralized teeth with a creamy-white color (maxilla=2; mandible=3); eight hypomineralized teeth with a brownish-yellow color (maxilla=3; mandible=5); six healthy teeth (maxilla=4; mandible=2). Parameters such as the number of canals, foramina, accessory canals, relevant distances, and linear measurements were evaluated. The Kruskal-Wallis test and descriptive analysis were performed to assess differences between the groups, with a 5% margin of error. Results: The number of major foramina was higher in hypomineralized teeth with yellow-brown discoloration in the lower arch (p=0.029) compared to the other groups. Hypomineralized teeth exhibited smaller linear measurements when compared to healthy teeth. Conclusion: Hypomineralized teeth tended to have more complex root canal systems when compared to healthy teeth. Further research should be conducted to evaluate these parameters in larger samples.

IntroductionThe decline of the European/western honeybee (Apis mellifera) population is on account of a plethora of microorganisms, such as Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, two microsporidian fungi responsible of nosemosis that affects welfare and production of the bee industry. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the presence of both pathogens in bees, pollen and honey from apiaries in Southwestern Italy.MethodsFrom March to July 2022 and 2023, apiaries (n = 10) were selected and classified as High Impact Areas (HIAs, n = 5) and Low Impact Areas (LIAs, n = 5) according to a 5-point environmental risk index based on factors affecting bee health sand related productions. Bee, pollen and honey samples, were collected and tested for Nosema spp. DNA by specific PCR protocols targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Signs/symptoms of nosemosis were monitored and collected by the cooperation of beekeepers.ResultsOut of 10 apiaries, 6 (i.e., 60%, 95% CI: 31.3–83.2) tested positive for at least one sample to Nosema spp. DNA, being 2 positives for N. apis, 2 for N. ceranae and 2 co-infected (i.e., 20%, 5.7–51.0). Based on the biological samples, honey was positive for N. apis in one apiary, pollen for N. ceranae in two apiaries, and bees for N. apis in 3 apiaries, N. ceranae in 1 apiary, and both species in 1 apiary. In all the apiaries positive to N. apis and N. ceranae, high mortality and low honey production were observed. A higher risk of infection was observed in apiaries from HIAs (OR = 6.00). The sequences of N. apis and N. ceranae had 99.5–100% homology with those in the GenBank database. Whereas all sequences of N. apis were identical to each other, four sequences types of N. ceranae characterized by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. The computation of polymorphisms revealed high haplotype diversity (i.e., Hd = 1.000) and low nucleotide diversity (i.e., Pi = 0.00913) of N. ceranae sequence types.DiscussionThis study reveals a high circulation of N. apis and N. ceranae in Southwestern Italy, indicating the need for improved monitoring of these microsporidia to protect bee welfare and bee industry.

Este artículo analiza el impacto de implementar techos verdes en cubiertas inaccesibles en la urbanización Ecovilla Challuabamba, Cuenca, Ecuador. Mediante el uso del programa SWMM, se comparó el sistema de alcantarillado convencional con uno que incorpora techos verdes, evaluando tormentas de diseño con periodos de retorno de 2 a 50 años. Para estimar la escorrentía, se utilizaron modelos como el Número de Curva, Horton y Green AMPT, considerando variables como clima, sustrato y pendiente. Los resultados muestran que los techos verdes reducen el caudal pico en un 44.5%, el calado en un 6.9% y la velocidad en un 38.1%, según el modelo de Número de Curva. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los techos verdes pueden mitigar inundaciones al disminuir la escorrentía superficial y permitir reducir el tamaño de las tuberías, destacando su potencial para aumentar la resiliencia urbana y promover la sostenibilidad en el desarrollo urbano.

The synergistic effects of soil acidity alleviation and nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil physical attributes and their impacts on crop yields in highly weathered soils have not been assessed. The study was carried out in southeastern Brazil, in a tropical climate environment, in a sandy clay textured Oxisol. In total there were 12 treatments, that investigated the effects of surface application of lime, phosphogypsum, and N fertilization on soil chemical and physical attributes and soybean and maize nutrition and yield in two seasons (2020–2022). The treatments consisted of a control (no lime or, phosphogypsum), lime (2.9 Mg ha−1), and lime + phosphogypsum (2.0 Mg ha−1) combined with four different N rates applied to maize (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha−1). Lime and gypsum increased maize and soybean yields, especially under low N input. Lime and gypsum enhanced soil aggregate stability up to a depth of 60 cm and increased aggregate size up to a depth of 40 cm at N rates of up to 160 kg ha−1. Lime and gypsum also increased soil surface and subsurface pH and soil calcium and magnesium levels up to a depth of 60 cm, particularly under low N input. Moreover, lime and gypsum increased soil organic matter content in both the surface and subsurface layers, particularly under high N input. Overall, our findings emphasize the benefits of combining lime and gypsum with moderate input of N-fertilizer for improving crop yields through enhanced soil physical and chemical properties.

Abstract Hearing loss is the most common sensory defect in humans, affecting normal communication. In most cases, hearing loss is a multifactorial disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, but single‐gene mutations can lead to syndromic or non‐syndromic hearing loss. Monoallelic variants in ACTG1, coding for gamma (γ)‐actin, are associated with classical Baraitser‐Winter Syndrome type 2 (BRWS2, nonsyndromic deafness, and a variety of clinical presentations not fitting the original BRWS2 description or nonsyndromic deafness. Here two unrelated patients with ACTG1 variants are reported, having severe hearing loss as a common phenotype but with different clinical presentations, supporting the extreme variability of ACTG1‐related disorders.

En un breve “Prospecto” manuscrito, el historiador David Peña (1862-1930) alentó el anhelo de publicar sus obras completas y dejó esbozada la presunción de que el material contenido en su “archivo particular” podía ser considerado “elemento de historia”. En esta “pulsión de archivo” (Derrida, 1997), Peña se erigía como la autoridad que diseñaba cuáles de sus papeles personales ameritaban ser seleccionados y dados a conocer al público, a la vez que vislumbraba las potencialidades inherentes a las escrituras de carácter autobiográfico para los estudios de historia. A la luz de las tendencias actuales, que destacan la importancia de las “escrituras del yo” o “egodocumentos” para la historia de la historiografía (Aurell, 2006), y de la reactualización de la noción de “archivo”, este artículo considera la valoración que David Peña realizó sobre su propia producción y la utilización que hizo de la escritura autobiográfica como recurso metodológico, y discurre sobre la idea de concebir al archivo personal de un autor, como formando parte de su obra histórica. Para llevar adelante esta exploración se ha consultado el Fondo David Peña, que se encuentra preservado en la Academia Nacional de la Historia de Argentina, complementado con otras producciones del autor.

Este estudo discute o processo de criação e validação do jogo digital Gametum, desenvolvido para ser um recurso para o ensino da divisão celular e gametogênese, no intuito de auxiliar o trabalho docente. Utilizamos uma abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, com coleta de dados por meio de questionários com perguntas, durante uma validação por pares com professores e graduandos, além de uma aplicação em uma turma de ensino médio. Os resultados e opiniões dos graduandos indicam uma recepção positiva do jogo, evidenciando a familiaridade desses discentes com a sua utilização e considerando-o como um recurso atrativo. Os professores participantes avaliaram Gametum como uma proposta válida para revisão de conteúdos, destacando sua utilidade como uma dinâmica para fixação. Dentre as sugestões de alterações fornecidas pelos avaliadores estão a inclusão de instruções mais detalhadas e modificações no design, as quais foram incorporadas à versão final. Concluímos que Gametum pode ser um recurso viável para professores utilizarem no ensino da divisão celular em Biologia, auxiliando no aprendizado dos conteúdos relacionados.

IntroductionHeat stress caused by global warming adversely affects wheat yield through declining most nutritional quality attributes in grains, excluding grain protein content.MethodsThis research investigated the biochemical, physiological, and antioxidant responses of wheat plants under heat stress, focusing on the role of plant growth-promoting bacteria (Micromonospora sp.). Two wheat genotypes were studied: one heat-sensitive and one heat-tolerant, examining their responses to heat stress with and without bacterial inoculation.ResultsUnder heat stress, the sensitive cultivar experienced significant reductions in photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, and RuBisCO activity (57-61%), while the tolerant cultivar had milder reductions (24-28%). Micromonospora sp. treatment notably improved these parameters in the sensitive cultivar (+48-78%), resulting in a substantial increase in biomass production (+43-53%), which was not seen in the tolerant cultivar. Additionally, oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA) were elevated more in the sensitive cultivar (82% and 90% higher) compared to the tolerant one. Micromonospora sp. treatment effectively reduced these markers in the sensitive cultivar (-28% and -27%). Enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and ASC-GSH pathway enzymes was particularly evident in Micromonospora sp.-treated sensitive plants. Carbohydrate metabolism shifted, with increased soluble sugars and significant rises in sucrose content in Micromonospora sp.-treated plants under stress.DiscussionThe higher soluble sugar levels facilitated amino acid synthesis, contributing to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthocyanins. This was reflected in increased activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate (CA) 4-hydroxylase, and chalcone synthase enzymes, indicating the activation of phenylpropanoid pathways. Overall, the findings suggest that Micromonospora sp. can mitigate heat stress effects by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense, and metabolic adaptations in heat-sensitive wheat cultivars.

El uso de herramientas de genética molecular ha abierto una cantidad de retos en el conocimiento de la diversidad biológica. Por otro lado, la actividad de la conservación requiere, cada vez más, de mejores conocimientos sobre el estado de las poblaciones y los ecosistemas, para lograr su permanencia en el planeta, dada la acelerada pérdida de especies y la transformación de los ecosistemas. En este sentido, el enlace de estas dos disciplinas generó en la década de 1980 el surgimiento de la genética para la conservación. En Latinoamérica, donde se encuentran varios de los países megadiversos y hotspots de biodiversidad, el desarrollo ha sido más lento, por lo que fue y es necesario incentivar la expansión, bien sustentada, de esta disciplina. De allí surgió la Red Latinoamericana de Genética para la Conservación (RegeneC), la cual, desde el 2004, se ha enfocado en apoyar la formación de profesionales que comprendan cómo enlazar las etapas del proceso de conservación con el uso adecuado de herramientas genéticas, para dar soluciones a la urgente preservación de la biodiversidad. El objetivo de la presente reseña es ofrecer un resumen del estado de esta disciplina en Latinoamérica y sobre cómo la Red ha impulsado la transformación de esa conexión en sinergia. Al final, se señalan algunos de los retos que aún quedan por superar en la región para ampliar el impacto de la genética para la conservación en la conservación de su biodiversidad.

En el campo de la ciencia, la creación de redes se ha convertido en un mecanismo fundamental para fomentar la colaboración, mejorar la transferencia de conocimientos y acelerar la innovación. Los desafíos, en particular los relacionados con la seguridad alimentaria, el cambio climático, la salud, la energía y la sostenibilidad, requieren una acción colectiva a través de disciplinas y fronteras. Es a través de redes eficaces que los científicos, investigadores, formuladores de políticas y profesionales pueden abordar los complejos problemas de hoy y de mañana.

Dear Editor, for many years the National Health Service has taken care of terminal illness in its clinical, ethical, and legal aspects...

La fractura coronal no complicada afecta al esmalte y la dentina sin exposición pulpar.1 Según las guías clínicas de la International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT), las lesiones traumáticas dentales (LTDs) ocurren con mayor frecuencia en niños y adultos jóvenes. Las LTDs más comunes en la dentición primaria son las luxaciones, mientras que en dentición permanente, las fracturas coronales se reportan con mayor frecuencia.2 El tratamiento de las fracturas coronales no complicadas abarcan una amplia gama de procedimientos terapéuticos como pulir los bordes filosos para evitar laceraciones en la lengua y los labios, protección provisional de la dentina, reconstrucción con resinas o con el mismo fragmento dental del paciente. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar los casos de dos fracturas coronales no complicadas que fueron tratadas con la técnica de recolocación de fragmento dental, en dos pacientes que acudieron por emergencia al Servicio de Odontopediatría del Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad.

O município de Petrópolis, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, enfrentou, em fevereiro de 2022, o maior desastre socioambiental de sua história, resultando em 244 mortes e milhares de desabrigados. Desastres como esse são definidos como sérias interrupções que excedem a capacidade da comunidade afetada de lidar com a situação utilizando seus próprios recursos. A vulnerabilidade a desastres resulta de processos sociais precários e mudanças ambientais que tornam certas populações e áreas mais suscetíveis. Os efeitos na saúde pública incluem danos materiais e humanos, com demandas de saúde emergindo ao longo do tempo, desde atendimentos de urgência até problemas de saúde mental. A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) desempenha um papel crucial em todas as fases de resposta a desastres. Este artigo visa relatar as ações das equipes de saúde da família ligadas ao Programa de Residência de Medicina de Família e Comunidade em resposta ao desastre de 2022, seja imediatamente atendendo feridos, fornecendo medicamentos, realizando curativos, vacinações e gerenciando condições crônicas, seja nas semanas subsequentes marcadas pelo acolhimento às vítimas, pela coordenação de doações e os cuidados nos abrigos. A atuação coordenada da APS foi essencial para fornecer cuidados de saúde adequados e organizar as ações nos abrigos. A experiência destacou a importância da preparação das equipes de saúde para lidar com desastres e a necessidade de incluir esse tema na formação profissional em APS.

Environmental challenges related to solid waste generation and disordered consumption are becoming increasingly prominent. The Circular Economy (CE) has emerged as a strategy for generating value through effective waste management, and RL plays an important role in the transition to CE. Sustainable Design (SD) and Design for Reverse Logistics (DfRL) have emerged as approaches to integrating RL into product design. This research aimed to explore the context of design guidelines for RL under the concept of DfRL. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was used. The research covered aspects of design guidelines, such as related DfX, product design context, relationship with LR, sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In addition, the research identified research gaps, such as the definition of the term and hierarchy around design guidelines and the need for integration between research and technique to share design information. Potential areas were identified for DfRL and for integrating LR into the product process, promoting the transition to a more sustainable and circular production model, in line with the SDGs and the needs of future generations.