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ABSTRACTThis study involved the exploration of hydro-distilled essential oil (EsO) from the aerial parts of Cordia dichotoma fruits, stems, seeds and leaves via gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry. Approximately 33 volatile components were detected throughout the study. Almost 27 and 23 compounds (comprising 64.83% and 31.55%, respectively, of the total components) were detected in the fruits and stems, whereas 25 compounds (57.12% of the total components) were detected in the seeds, and 25 compounds (52.48% of the total components) were found in the leaves. The main components of the fruit oil were Nonanal (5.77%), Oleic acid (4.30%), β-Damascenone (4.12%), 3, 4-Dehydro-β-ionone (4.06%), Methyl jasmonate (3.32%), Sabinene (3.31%), Phytol (3.22%) and Vitispirane (3.11%). From stem oil, the major components were Nonanal (6.52%), Nonadecane (3.22%) and 2, 3-Octanedione (2.16%). Whereas, the major components of the seed oils were Nonanal (12.14%), Oleic acid (5.13%), Dihydroactindiolide (3.35%), 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (3.18%), Dodecanoic acid (3.16%) and Methyl jasmonate (3.11%). Similarly, the major components of the leaf oils were 2, 4-di-t-Butylphenol (10.25%), 3-Methylnonane (4.73%), 2-Undecanol (4.64%), 3, 4-Dehydro-β-ionone (3.52%) and Nonanal (3.16%). These EsO were used for antibacterial activity against two bacteria i.e. E. coli (G-ve) and the S. aureus (G+ve) by disc diffusion method to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (maximum bactericidal concentration). However, among the four parts of C. dichotoma, fruit and seed EsO were highly effective against E. coli (MIC and MBC were 125 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL respectively) compared to S. aureus (MICs of 250 and 500 μg/mL with an MBC of 1000 μg/mL)

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of Semaglutide (a GLP-1 receptor agonist) in obese patients with and without Type-II Diabetes Mellitus. Methods This observational analytic cohort study was conducted in a private medical institute in Karachi Pakistan; from August 2022 to January 2023. A total of 65 obese individuals >18 years of age, with or without T2D were included. Semaglutide was started with an initial dose of 0.25 mg with an increase in dose to 0.5 mg, 1 mg and 2 mg with gap of 4 weeks between each dose escalation. Patients were kept on the maximally tolerated dose, not exceeding 2 mg/week. Patients were evaluated on the first and second follow-up at 3 and 6 months respectively, for the same parameters as noted at the initial visit, along with documentation of any adverse effect. Results Out of 65 patients, 49.2% were female and 50.8% were male. Mean age was 49.16 ± 14.20 years. 47.7% of the patients had hypertension, 46.2% had diabetes mellitus, 35.4% had dyslipidemia and 13.8% had ischemic heart disease. All patients were using 0.5 mg of semaglutide after three months, however by six months 33.8% were using 1 mg, and 24.6% were on 2 mg, whereas 40% decided to adhere to 0.5 mg and only 1.5% decided to reduce the dose to 0.25 mg due to adverse effects. Patients reported start of the first adverse effect by 3.44 ± 2.27 weeks of starting the drug. By the end of three months, 55.4% of patients in our study reported adverse effect, which declined to 34.5% by the end of six months, and the majority being mild to moderate and the most frequent side effects were gastrointestinal in origin. There was no significant difference in side effect profile in between those with and without diabetes mellitus. The average weight loss was 5.81 ± 2.64 kg and 9.86 ± 3.54 kg after three and six months respectively and the amount of weight loss was almost equal in those with and without T2D. A significant decline was observed in the average HbA1c levels, body mass index (p =

Abstract Background Tetanus is a clinical rarity due to the successful globally adopted childhood vaccination programme. The rising elderly population in the United Kingdom creates a subset of individuals whom are prone to develop Tetanus as they preceded this vaccination drive. Case summary A 76 year old Caucasian lady presented with a soil contaminated laceration injury on her knee following a fall. Though she received urgent assessment and wound care, the relevance of the injury in the backdrop of her age was not appreciated and her tetanus post exposure prophylaxis was overlooked. She readmitted seeking further management 1 week later with an infected wound with Trismus and clinical features favoring Generalized tetanus. During her stay she developed Takotsubo-cardiomyopathy with congestive cardiac failure and required prolonged care in the intensive unit with mechanical ventilation and rehabilitation before being discharged home. Conclusion First contact physicians should have a greater appreciation of the types of injuries and at-risk individuals who are more prone to develop tetanus upon exposure to ensure early and appropriate identification. There should be greater situational awareness with regard to the elderly in view of their heightened risk of development of tetanus specially those born before the vaccination drive. Knowledge regarding post exposure prophylaxis measures for tetanus should be regularly updated using local guidance to ensure awareness, so as to despite its rarity Tetanus remains an adequately appreciated disease.

Abstract The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Image Data Commons (IDC) offers publicly available cancer radiology collections for cloud computing, crucial for developing advanced imaging tools and algorithms. Despite their potential, these collections are minimally annotated; only 4% of DICOM studies in collections considered in the project had existing segmentation annotations. This project increases the quantity of segmentations in various IDC collections. We produced high-quality, AI-generated imaging annotations dataset of tissues, organs, and/or cancers for 11 distinct IDC image collections. These collections contain images from a variety of modalities, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). The collections cover various body parts, such as the chest, breast, kidneys, prostate, and liver. A portion of the AI annotations were reviewed and corrected by a radiologist to assess the performance of the AI models. Both the AI’s and the radiologist’s annotations were encoded in conformance to the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard, allowing for seamless integration into the IDC collections as third-party analysis collections. All the models, images and annotations are publicly accessible.

Abstract Background Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common cause of chronic foot pain that leads to functional limitations in individuals. There has been recent research on plantar fasciitis, but no studies have compared the effects of the active release technique and post-isometric relaxation in patients to determine which manual therapy technique improves foot pain and function. Objective This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the active release technique and post-isometric relaxation on proximal foot pain and functional status and to assess muscular tightness among patients with traffic police wards and plantar fasciitis. Methods A quasi-experimental study (pre-test, post-test) was conducted in the Physiotherapy Department of Police Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan, between October 2022 and April 2023. We included 30 consecutively aged 25- to 60-year-old symptomatic police wardens diagnosed with planter fasciitis, who complained of pain on walking and standing for more than 3 months and met the inclusion criteria. They were equally assorted into two groups (n = 15 in each group) using convenient sampling. Group A received an active release exercise technique, group B received a post-isometric relaxation technique, and the participants in both groups received a similar baseline treatment protocol that consisted of calf stretching and stretching of the plantar fascia (5 repetitions and holding for 15 s). In the outcome measures, we included the Foot Function Index to assess the function of the foot and the Visual Analog Scale to examine the pain intensity measured during rest. The participants in both groups performed the selective protocol 3 days per week for 3 weeks, and we calculated the results at baseline and on the third day of the third week. We analyzed the data using SPSS software version 24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). We compared within-group differences in the VAS score and FFI using paired t tests and analyzed between-group differences in the VAS score and FFI before and after performing the ART and PIR using independent t tests. Results The 8-week intervention therapy revealed a demographic age mean and standard deviation of 36.60 ± 6.11 for group A and 35.60 ± 4.85 for group B. Within-group analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in VAS (pain) score following ART intervention (1.80 ± 0.862, p 0.05), suggesting non-significant differences. Conclusion The active release exercise intervention is more effective than post-isometric relaxation in improving pain and foot function disability in patients with plantar fasciitis. The present study aimed to help physical therapists choose the most efficient manual therapy exercise intervention to improve functional limitations.

Abstract Background Radiologic technologists (RTs) are at the forefront of radiology departments and require optimal skills to demonstrate professionalism and effective provider–patient communication. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the reliability of 360-degree evaluation as a feedback tool to improve competencies in this crucial workforce. Methods A planned 360-degree evaluation was conducted using a 10-item tool to evaluate communication skills and professionalism among radiological technologists working at Dow University Hospital, Karachi. In total, 311 evaluations of fifteen radiological technologists were conducted while performing various diagnostic radiology procedures at the radiology department of Dow University Hospital. The data were analysed using SPSS version 26 to compute the evaluation scores and the reliability of 360-degree evaluation. Results A total of 311 RT-patient interactions were recorded over 48 days, with scores from all three raters. The evaluation tool was found to have good internal consistency for patients, faculty, and RT, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.89, 087, and 0.74, respectively. The study found an intraclass correlation of 0.66 (95% CI; 0.58–0.72), showing moderate reliability of the 360-degree evaluation across different raters. Conclusion We conclude that 360-degree evaluation is a valid and reliable tool for determining the professionalism and communication skills of radiologic technologists and should be incorporated into training programs for formative and summative assessments. However, large-scale multicenter studies are crucial for generalizing these findings and incorporating 360 evaluations in radiological technologist training programs for formative and summative assessments.

Fast consumption of conventional ingredients of concrete and waste generated due to demolishing old buildings is a multi-fold problem in the concrete industry. Hence the sustainable alternative of it is the need of the day. In this research work effect of binary blending of demolished waste and fly ash on the flexural strength of plain concrete prism is presented. The properties of aggregates and cement are evaluated. The physical and chemical properties of fly ash were determined. Recycled aggregates from demolished waste with different mix ratios (1:2:4 and 1:1.5:3) were used. Optimization of recycled aggregates; by evaluating concrete cylinders in 12 batches; showed 35% as optimum. At the optimum dosage of recycled aggregates fly ash was used from 2.5% to 15% with an increment of 2.5% to optimize its dosage. Compressive strength test of the standard-size cylinders and their comparison with control concrete showed a 10% dosage of a fly as the optimum percentage to replace the cement in the concrete matrix. Using both optimized dosages of recycled aggregates and fly ash prism specimens of 900mmx150mmx300mm were cast in four batches. The beam specimens were cured for 28 days followed by an evaluation of flexural strength and deflection under centric load in the universal testing machine. Test results of flexural strength (only 15% loss) showed good potential for both waste materials in the concrete matrix. Recycled aggregate with higher parent strength showed better performance than its other counterparts. With higher-strength recycled aggregates residual flexural strength was recorded as equal to 93%. For all specimens recorded deflection was within the allowable limits of ACI-318.

Abstract This study explored the drought resistance mechanisms of different populations of Sporobolus ioclados (Poaceae), locally known as “Sawri,” “Drabhri” and “Dhrbholi” native to Africa and the Indian Subcontinent. These populations were grown in conventional nursery practices at Khawaja Fareed Government College in Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, and subsequently subjected to four distinct levels of drought within carefully monitored experimental settings. The experiment was conducted in a two-factorial design involving populations and drought treatments and was repeated three times. The physiological and morphological responses of S. ioclados, including plant height, number of roots, root length, flag leaf area, stomatal features, proline concentration and nitrogen content, displayed significant variability in response to the imposed drought stress. Drought resulted in increases in proline concentration and nitrogen content. The number of roots decreased, while the length and width of the stomata increased in various populations. A combination of advanced statistical techniques, such as ANOVA, PCA, HCA, and DFA, provided a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of plant adaptation and the extent of population diversity within the species. The Yazman and Nwab Wala populations exhibited the highest rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, while S. ioclados demonstrated notable drought tolerance at the T4 level of drought stress. A negative correlation was found between proline levels, nitrogen contents, and photosynthesis, suggesting that proline has a protective role in drought. The diverse adaptation strategies indicated by S. ioclados populations have revealed the potential of this species for afforestation and climate change mitigation in dry environments.

Background: The data on Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) resulting from biallelic Luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) inactivating variants is limited to case series. Methods: We aim to describe our patients and perform systematic review of the patients with LHCGR inactivating variants in the literature. Detailed phenotype and genotype data of three patients from our centre and 85 (46,XY: 67; 46,XX: 18) patients from 59 families with LHCGR-inactivating variants from literature were described. Results: Three 46,XY patients (age 6–18 years) from our center, with two reared as females, had two novel variants in LHCGR. Systematic review (including our patients) revealed 72 variants in 88 patients. 46,XY patients (n = 70, 56 raised as females) presented with pubertal delay (n = 41) or atypical genitalia (n = 17). Sinnecker score ≥3 (suggesting antenatal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) inaction) was seen in 80% (56/70), and hCG-stimulated testosterone was low (

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a sustainable green approach utilizing deodorizer distillates of canola (CODD) and soybean oil (SODD) as both reducing and capping agents. This synthesis approach resulted in the formation of pale-yellow colored CODD-AgNPs and SODD-AgNPs, which was confirmed by distinctive absorption peaks at 420 nm and 408 nm, respectively via Ultraviolet-Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis provided insights into the functional group interactions between CODD and SODD with their AgNPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the face-centered cubic lattice structure of both CODD-AgNPs and SODD-AgNPs. Further characterization via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the sizes, shapes, and surface morphologies of CODD-AgNPs and SODD-AgNPs. Assessment of antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method demonstrated superior radical scavenging efficacy by CODD-AgNPs (IC50 value 1.07±0.04 µg/mL) and SODD-AgNPs (IC50 value 1.14±0.23 µg/mL) compared to CODD and SODD. Evaluation of antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) via disc diffusion method revealed potent antibacterial activities of CODD-AgNPs and SODD-AgNPs at 100 µg/mL concentration, surpassing the antibacterial efficacy of CODD and SODD. Furthermore, CODD-AgNPs and SODD-AgNPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory potential at 500 µg/mL concentration, with IC50 values of 187.2 ± 1.28 µg/mL and 203.9 ± 2.08 µg/mL, respectively, highlighting their potential therapeutic applications. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the effective utilization of CODD and SODD in synthesizing AgNPs with enhanced biological functionalities, making them promising candidates for various biomedical applications.

The continuous increase in energy demand strains distribution networks, resulting in heightened power losses and a decline in overall performance. This negatively impacts distribution companies' profits and increases consumer electricity costs. Optimal distributed generation (DG) allocation in distribution networks can mitigate these issues by enhancing power supply capabilities and improving network performance. However, achieving optimal DG allocation is a complex optimization problem that requires advanced mathematical techniques. Nature-inspired (NI) swarm intelligence (SI)-based optimization techniques offer potential solutions by emulating the natural collective behaviors of animals. This paper reviews the application of NI-SI algorithms for optimal DG allocation, specifically focusing on reducing power losses as a key objective function. The review analyzes a significant body of literature demonstrating the effectiveness of NI-SI techniques in addressing power loss challenges in distribution networks. Additionally, future research directions are provided to guide further exploration in this field.

Background: Numerous studies examining 24-h movement behaviours have been exponentially published globally. However, no comprehensive reviews summarized and synthesized the evidence on the Chinese population. This review aimed to map the most recent research state and fill the gaps related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population. Methods: Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and CNKI (Chinese database)) were searched from their inceptions through October 2023. Quantitative studies published in English and/or Chinese were included if they were related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population. Results: From 9431 documents screened, 53 met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies were published between 2019 and 2023, showing a notable increasing trend over the years. Most studies used cross-sectional designs (96.2 %) and self-reported measures (56.6 %). Nearly all the studies targeted general healthy population (96.2 %), especially children and adolescents (64.2 %). The main three research topics observed were health outcomes (81.1 %), prevalence (66.0 %), and correlates (15.1 %) of 24-h movement behaviours. Conclusion: 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population has been an increasingly important research topic in the literature, with predominant focus on children and adolescents (study population), self-report measure (measurement), cross-sectional design (study design), guidelines adherence (study topic), and health outcomes examination (study topic). These findings delineate a research landscape in the Chinese population, and highlight the research gaps needed to be addressed. Future studies are suggested to target these research gaps, expanding evidence base for the Chinese populations. For instance, more studies using device-based measures, longitudinal or interventional designs, as well as qualitative and mixed-methods approaches are required.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the disease-causing allele of retinitis pigmentosa, a heterogeneous genetic disorder in a single affected family. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Hyderabad from December 2022 to December 2023, with approval from the SIOVS ethical committee. A consanguineous pedigree with multiple affected members was included, while pedigrees with only one affected member or secondary causes of vision loss were excluded. After getting informed consent, each enrolled participant's blood samples (10 cc) were collected, and DNA was extracted. The family was subjected to Sanger sequencing for the CLCC1 gene. RESULTS: In this study, one reported c.C75A, p.Asp25Glu allele in the CLCC1 gene was identified from an endogamous pedigree in Sindh, Pakistan. The identified c.C75A, p.Asp25Glu allele is a common cause of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP) in Pakistani-affected individuals. This allele is estimated to have occurred 2000-5000 years ago and has been transmitted to affected individuals of Pakistani origin and global descent across various geographical regions. All the affected patients underwent detailed clinical investigations, including fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, to confirm the retinitis pigmentosa symptoms. The Sanger sequencing method was used to detect pathogenic variants, and bioinformatics tools were utilized to investigate the pathogenesis of identified alleles and compare phenotype-genotype correlations. CONCLUSION: The finding of frequent disease-causing alleles from Pakistani-affected patients will significantly improve existing genetic databases and facilitate more accurately the affected diagnosis of gene testing.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Unacylated Ghrelin (UAG) at varying doses in the management of acute liver injury in Wistar albino rats. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Department of Physiology, Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan from March to August 2023. Thirty Wistar albino rats (200-250 grams) were randomly divided into five groups (n=6). Group A served as the control, while liver injury was induced in Groups B, C, D, and E via intraperitoneal injection of 0.1% CCl₄. Groups C, D, and E were subsequently treated with low, medium, and high doses of UAG, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assessed, along with liver histopathology. RESULTS: Pre-experimental body weights (Mean±SD) for groups A, B, C, D, and E were 227.33±7.75 g, 229.80±2.08 g, 228.70±5.34 g, 231.33±8.69 g, and 236.38±10.63 g, respectively. The liver index was 4.36±0.28, 6.65±0.37, 5.80±0.17, 5.70±0.08, and 5.06±0.23, respectively, across the groups. A statistically significant (p

Abstract Introduction Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent diet-related disorder and mainly affects women and children. To determine the trend of anemia incidence in Pakistan, a current review was carried out. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and adult/adolescent nonpregnant women in Pakistan and to provide a 15-year trend analysis. Materials and methods Studies were identified by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct, complementing this digital exploration, and a manual review of reference lists from previously published prevalence studies was performed to enhance the scope of relevant articles. A total of twenty-seven population-based anemia studies on adolescent/adult females and pregnant women published in Pakistan from January 1st-2007 until December 2021 were included. Systematic data extraction was facilitated through the implementation of a standardized and rigorously pretested data extraction checklist. For the subsequent analysis, the sophisticated capabilities of R statistical software were harnessed. The I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity among studies, and the pooled prevalence of anemia was calculated. Results The final analysis included 27 research articles as well as two extensive National Nutrition survey reports, NNS 2011 and NNS 2018. The forest plot of sixteen studies on pregnant women revealed that the overall pooled prevalence of anemia among pregnant females in Pakistan was 70.4% (95% CI: 0.619, 0.789), and the forest plot of eleven studies on non-pregnant adolescent and adult females reported the pooled prevalence was 54.6% (95% CI: 0.422, 0.669). Subgroup analysis among pregnant women based on region, trimester and socioeconomic status revealed that the highest anemia incidence was observed in Punjab (77.4%). Similarly, females in the second trimester reported a higher prevalence of anemia 78% (95% CI, 0.556 1.015), and the status-wise group with a mixed background reported a higher prevalence 72.8% (95% CI, 0.620 0.835). According to the subgroup analysis, eleven studies of adult nonpregnant groups of mixed socioeconomic status reported a higher prevalence of 56.9% (95% CI, 0.292 0.845). Conclusion In Pakistan, anemia, is widespread among pregnant women and nonpregnant adolescent/adult females. A deeper understanding of anemia in Pakistani women is necessary for targeted interventions and policy decisions to predict demographic shifts.

Machine learning-based crop recommendation models are invaluable tools for enhancing modern AI-based farming, assisting in decisions about the selection of crops to optimize yield performance and growth. This research introduces an intelligent strategy and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) principles based on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method due to the growing demand for interpretability in modern farming decision-making, Utilizing the "Smart Agricultural Production Optimizing Engine” dataset procured from Kaggle. The proposed CNN model gives remarkable results through a comprehensive examination of soil and environmental boundaries like Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) levels, temperature, moistness, pH, and precipitation. Our results illustrate that the proposed framework essentially moves forward the precision of trim suggestions, advertising a promising arrangement for modernizing agricultural practices and guaranteeing maintainable crop yields.

Abstract Background Beneficial effects from practising a Paleolithic diet as compared to a diabetes diet on weight, waist circumference, satiety, leptin, HbA1c and glucose control in randomised controlled trial participants with type 2 diabetes could be due to lower leptin resistance. Support for this hypothesis comes from an in vitro experiment that showed that digested wheat gluten, which is excluded from a Paleolithic diet, inhibits leptin from binding to its receptor, thus indicating a possible dietary cause of leptin resistance. However, the clinical relevance of the latter finding is unclear since removal of enzyme activity from the gluten digest by heat treatment also abolished leptin binding inhibition. Assessment of leptin binding inhibition in vivo is possible by comparison of total leptin levels with those of ‘biologically active’ leptin bound to its receptor (bioLep). Objectives To assess the effects of a Paleolithic diet compared to a diabetes diet on leptin binding inhibition and to replicate our in vitro study. Methods BioLep and total leptin levels were measured in secondary analysis of fasting plasma samples from our open label random order three plus three-month long cross-over trial performed in 2005–2007, that compared a Paleolithic diet with a diabetes diet in participants with type 2 diabetes without insulin treatment (per protocol). BioLep was also measured in vitro for known recombinant leptin concentrations incubated with a series of concentrations of 10 kDa spin-filtered digested wheat gluten, with or without prior heat treatment, at 100ºC for 30 min and centrifugation. Results There was no difference between diets when comparing differences between bioLep and total leptin levels and their ratio in the 13 participants, three women and 10 men, aged 52–74 years with a mean BMI of 30 kg/m2 and a mean diabetes duration of eight years. We found no carry-over or period effect for bioLep and total leptin. In vitro, wheat gluten digest inhibited leptin binding in a dose-dependent manner but not after heat treatment. Conclusions We found no leptin binding inhibition after the Paleolithic or diabetes diet, possibly due to its abolishment from cooking-related heat treatment of wheat gluten. Trial registration Registered on 14/02/2007 at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00435240.

This paper contributes to international scholarship on racial literacy in teacher education. Specifically, we consider filmic counter stories as bodies that carry an affective charge with the potential to ignite dialogic and embodied/emotional learning. The football documentary The Final Quarter is our case study. This film traces the racially explosive final years of First Nations Australian, Adam Goodes' elite playing career. The film floodlights football as a site for public pedagogy where people learn racism, with the film offering means of developing racial literacy through examining its encounters. The paper describes racial literacy and establishes affect/embodiment as a contribution to the field. We analyse the film using an affective-discursive lens and genealogical methodology and consider implications for teacher education. We argue that language is insufficient for understanding racism and that the affective intensities activated by film may help to pedagogically illuminate the role of emotions in reproducing racism.

Ontario education policy articulates an explicit commitment to equity and inclusion for increasingly diverse classrooms. Despite policy commitments, when equity and inclusion intersect with religion, enactments remain underwhelming. This paper draws on the voices of 30 Ontario public school educators, all of whom self-identify as Muslim, to share the ways they affect and have been affected in attempting to enact a responsive pedagogy for faith-centred learners. Through the use of dialogic portraits in two different school boards, the voices of Muslim educators express consistent sentiments of responsibility to advocate for basic religious accommodations while at the same time needing to tread carefully with anything to do with religion in order to not be marginalised by colleagues. Participants in this study reinforce the need for more robust conceptions of equity and inclusion that consider the complexities of the religious identities of learners and educators in public education.

"Dalits" are a historically marginalized caste group in India. In this study, we examine the impact that the institution of caste has on career change. Focusing on the shift from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to non-STEM careers, we ask why members of the Dalit communities in India leave their STEM careers. To present a comprehensive understanding of this career change, we also examine the factors that facilitate their retention in STEM careers. Deriving data from in-depth interviews with 42 STEM scholars from the Dalit communities in India, we illustrate their organizational experiences that are based on casteism. Qualitative data analyses were done using the grounded theory method. Results suggest that while caste operates in a unique way to drive away Dalit scholars from their STEM careers, doing gender plays an important role in their retention within the same careers.

Action recognition in videos is one of the essential, challenging and active area of research in the field of computer vision that adopted in various applications including automated surveillance systems, security systems and human computer interaction. In this paper, we present an in-depth comparative analysis of five CNN-RNN models based on pre-trained networks such as InceptionV3, VGG16, MobileNetV2, ResNet152V2 and InceptionResNetV2 with recurrent LSTM units for action recognition on Anomaly-5 dataset. The performance of these models is analyzed and compared in terms of accuracy, precision, recall & F1-scores and computational efficiency. The CNN-RNN architectures we considered for analysis in this paper, the ResNet152V2 based CNN-RNN model exhibits better performance and achieved highest accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score equal to 92.20% due to its ability to capture more complex spatial features. This comparative analysis may guide the researchers in selecting appropriate models for real-world applications for action recognition. In addition of this, a new dataset is developed called Anomaly-5 that can helps as a valuable resource for training and evaluating action recognition algorithms.

Objectives: In Sindh Province, Pakistan, confirmed Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) increased from zero in 2008 to 16 in 2015-2016. To counter this increase, in 2016, we initiated structured CCHF surveillance to improve estimates of risk factors for CCHF in Sindh and to identify potential interventions. Methods: Beginning in 2016, all referral hospitals in Sindh reported all CCHF cases to surveillance agents. We used laboratory-confirmed cases from CCHF surveillance from 2016 to 2020 to compute incidence rates and in a case–control study to quantify risk factors for CCHF. Results: For the 5 years, CCHF incidence was 4.2 per million for the Sindh capital, Karachi, (68 cases) and 0.4 per million elsewhere. Each year, the onset of new cases peaked during the 13 days during and after the 3-day Eid-al-Adha festival, when Muslims sacrificed livestock, accounting for 38% of cases. In Karachi, livestock for Eid were purchased at a seasonal livestock market that concentrated up to 700,000 livestock. CCHF cases were most common (44%) among the general population that had visited livestock markets (odds ratio = 102). Conclusions: Urban CCHF in Sindh province is associated with the general public's exposure to livestock markets in addition to high-risk occupations.