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Aim: Aim the present stady was aimed at compareing the effects of career counseling methed based on Holland`s theory, social cognitive career theory, and solution-focused counseling on career well-being of high school students in Isfahan city. Methods: The research methodology was, semi- experimental method with pre-test design post- test is and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of all secondary school students in Isfahan was in the 98-97 academic year. The sampling was done in three steps. using simple random sampling, 10 subjects were selected for each group. Based on this, 3 experimental groups of boys with a control group and 3 experimental groups of girls with a control group were formed. Findings: The results indicated that, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding (p

Trauma needs special attention during the sensitive period of adolescence, which already involves its own psychological challenges and vocational tasks. Coping with trauma requires adaptation. From the perspective of the career construction model of adaptation, career adaptability provides psycho-social resources that promote adaptation. Using this model, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between personality and post-traumatic growth via career adaptability. A total of 266 Iranian adolescents who had experienced the sudden death of a parent recruited. They then completed the Big Five Questionnaire, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and Career Adapt-abilities Scale. The results showed career adaptability partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and openness and post-traumatic growth. In addition, the findings confirmed the full mediator role of career adaptability in the relationship between conscientiousness and post-traumatic growth. The results also indicated a direct relationship between extraversion and post-traumatic growth, but no relationship between agreeableness and post-traumatic growth. These results emphasized the essential role of career adaptability in empowering traumatized adolescents.

Dispersive micro solid-phase extraction is a sample preparation procedure under the principles of green chemistry with the need for a small sample solution, little sorbent, low desorption solvent, and a proper extraction time. A selective and straightforward microextraction procedure based on dispersive micro solid-phase extraction was introduced to simultaneously separate and preconcentrate three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen, diclofenac, and paracetamol in human biological samples. The sorbent was prepared using Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite as a sorbent magnetic core, modified with a cationic surfactant (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) through an in situ physical modification. In the procedure, the sorbent surface modification and analyte extraction were performed at one step in the sample solution, leading to a simple sorbent modification and reduced analyte determination. The Influential parameters on the extraction of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were optimized based on one factor at a time technique. The procedure showed proper linearity of 0.015–100.0, 0.015–150.0, and 0.12–150.0 µg mL−1 for the determination of paracetamol, naproxen, and diclofenac in water samples with an excellent R2 (≥ 0.9937) and suitable enrichment factors (≥ 69.4), respectively. Besides, the detection limit and quantitation limit for the drug measurement were lower than 0.04 and 0.12 µg mL−1, respectively. Intra- and inter-day RSDs for five times determinations of naproxen, diclofenac, and paracetamol with three concentrations of 1.0, 10.0, and 50.0 µg mL−1 were determined and were in the ranges of 3.15–4.01% and 4.97–6.94%, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the procedure was utilized to analyze human urine samples, indicating high recoveries in the range of 92.0–102.2% and appropriate relative standard deviations (≤ 4.47%) to analyze the biological samples to determine NSAIDs.

Millions of adolescents around the world lost their loved ones due to the COVID-19 pandemic; at the same time, health protocols in many countries do not allow mourners to practice their familiar rituals around death and dying. This study explored the experience of 15 Iranian adolescents who had lost their parent(s) during the pandemic through a phenomenological approach. Two main themes including distress in a shattered life and crisis in crisis were extracted from the interviews. Findings highlight the importance of immediate and alternative ways of support for adolescents who lost their parents during the pandemic.

The present paper aims to study the effect of cooling air inlet methods on gas turbine compressors on increasing their efficiency. After modeling gas turbine cycles with absorption and compression systems in the EES software, these cycles' performance is investigated for all equipment of the cycle from thermodynamic, exergy, and exergoeconomic aspects. In the absorption system, the conventional solution of lithium bromide-water is used as a two-component fluid, and in the compression cycle, the R134a operating fluid is used. According to the results, with the rise in the system's inlet air temperature, the total output work of the gas turbine decreases. Based on the exergoeconomic analysis, the exergy destruction cost dominates the initial cost, resulting in the exergoeconomic factor's decline. Relationship predicted by Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) to reduce the computation time of optimization. The studied systems are then subjected to two-objective optimization by the Particle Swarm algorithm using MATLAB software. The objective functions are related to the exergy efficiency and total cost rate. The results reveal contradictory behavior in these two objective functions so that with the increase in the exergy efficiency, the total cost rate increases.

Tramadol is an analgesic drug that is mainly excreted in the urine. The entry of Tramadol into water samples causes their biological contamination. Therefore, three catalysts such as bismuth ferrite, cobalt-doped bismuth ferrite, and a magnetized Keggin type of polyoxometalate (α-Fe

The impact of digitalization on the topic of death and dying seems to be accelerated in recent years. This study aimed to explore the online ways people used to overcome grief and used the COVID-19 restrictions as an example. Thirty-two bereaved participants were interviewed and the data were analyzed using the constructive grounded theory method. Three main themes were extracted from the data: 1) an online way to remember; 2) digitalization of social support, and 3) continuing the bonds. Findings highlighted the important and inevitable role of the digital world in the grief process when there is a restriction in holding usual ceremonies.

Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of redemption narratives on generativity and consequently on psychological well-being in Iranian adults. In addition, the relationship between self-redemption and generativity with psychological well-being was examined separately. Methods: The study population consisted of all adults aged 22-65 years who had a bachelor's degree or higher and were invited through cyberspace. Sixty six Iranian adults aged 22-65 years were selected by convenience sampling method. The instruments of this study included McAdams’ life story questionnaire, Loyola Generativity Scale, and Ryff psychological well-being scale. The method of analysis was qualitative-quantitative, which qualitative analysis was thematic and quantitative analysis was Pearson correlation. Results: The results showed that in the Iranian adult population, there was a positive and significant relationship between the scores of self-redemption and generativity, self-redemption and psychological well-being, and generativity and psychological well-being (P

In this research, different electrodes were made by combining certain percentages of carbon paste for a range of cations. Then, ligand selectivity was calculated for each cation using a potentiometric method to identify the most sensitive cation. A modified carbon paste electrode was applied to the quantification of chromium cation based on carbon nanotubes. In addition, paraffin, graphite, and 1,13-bis(8-quinolyl)-l,4,7,10,13-pentaoxatridecane were utilized in the manufacture of the electrodes. To get an optimum composition, D-optimal test design method was employed to increase electrode sensitivity and placement accuracy. Upon combining optimal percentages, this electrode showed the Nernstian response within the concentration range of 1.0 × 10–10–1.0 × 10–2 M, slope of 19.63 mV/decade with a detection limit of 3 × 10–11 M. The potential was found to remain constant within the pH range of 5.0–9.0, while a gradual deviation was observed outside this range.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of compassion focused (CFT) and acceptance commitment (ACT) combined therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), on psychological well-being in women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This is quasi-experimental. This study consists of three groups (two experimental and one control groups) and three stages (pre-test, post-test, and follow up). The statistical population was all T2DM women of Shahid Shabani Diabetes Center in Isfahan, Iran in 2017. The studied sample was 47 patients who were randomly distributed in three groups. The experimental group received a combination of the package of ACT and CFT for ten weekly two-hour sessions, the CBT group received ten weekly two-hour sessions of therapeutic intervention and the control group did not receive any therapeutic interventions. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measurements using SPSS-24 software. Results: The results showed that the scores of experimental groups participants in the post test of compassion therapy-ACT and CBT improved significantly compared to the control group in self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, purposeful life, individual development, environmental dominance and autonomy subscales (P-value= 0.001) .There exist a significant difference between the experimental group of compassion focused- ACT combined therapy and CBT in self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, purposeful life and individual -development subscales (P-value< 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, the combination therapy of compassion focused – ACT and CBT can be used to promote psychological well-being in diabetic patients.

Background Different coping strategies have been associated with various effects on infertile couples’ mental health. Considering the close interaction between couples, the present study aims to develop coping strategies for infertile couples using a couple-based approach. Methods The present mixed-methods study will be conducted in three phases. In order to develop coping strategies, a qualitative study will be conducted in the first phase, during which semi-structured interviews will be implemented with infertile couples in order to collect data related to their lived experiences in using coping strategies. These data will be inductively analyzed using qualitative content analysis and interpretative phenomenological analysis. In the second phase, using the Delphi method, an initial draft of coping strategies will be designed using a couple-based approach based on the data obtained from the qualitative study and the related literature review. In the third phase, the designed couple-based strategies will be provided to two groups of infertile couples as a randomized field superiority trial study. The couples’ levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and adjustment will be evaluated using validated questionnaires before and 3 months after the intervention. Discussion Couple-based coping strategies encourage couples to become aware of each other’s feelings while interacting and choose a strategy based on such feelings. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20191014045102N1. Registered on 19 October 2021. Protocol version: Current protocol: version 1 (22 May 2022)

A highly sensitive and selective modified electrode was successfully developed for the monitoring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in the presence of folic acid. In this regard, a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was functionalized by the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots/tin oxide (N-CQDs/SnO

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time perspective counseling on career controlling of the female high school students in Esfahan. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental along with experimental and control group as well as pretest, posttest, and follow up. The population of this study was included all female high school students of Esfahan who studying at 2013- 2014 academic year. The sampling number of this research was 40 students who were selected through convenience sampling. For this study, two high schools from the high schools which informed their readiness for this research were selected and randomly the second grade high school students of one of them (20 cases) were assigned to experimental group and the second grade high school students of the other (20 cases) were assigned to the control group. After administrating pretest, counseling sessions for the experimental group in eight 2- hour sessions were held once in a week and the control group did not receive any session. The used instrument in this study was a career control questionnaire and for testing the hypothesis, variance analysis method with frequency measurement was used. Results: The research findings showed that time perspective was effective on career adaptability of female students, in other words, time perspective, causes increasing in controlling career (P

Introduction: Gender dysphoria is defined as the sustained desire for or insistence on belonging to the opposite sex as well as considerable discomfort with the assigned gender and gender role. Aim: The present study aimed to examine the role of early maladaptive schemata as cognitive factors, and the role of difficulty in emotion regulation as emotional factors in the emergence of gender dysphoria in transgender men. Method: This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all men with gender dysphoria, visiting the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization of Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, from 2014 to 2016, in order to follow legal proceedings for gender reassignment. Fifty participants were selected via convenience sampling, gave informed consent, and completed three questionnaires: the Gratz and Roemer’s Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Young’s Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Gender Identity Disorder Questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS using Pearson’s correlation and simultaneous multivariate regression. Results: Based on the regression analysis, the most important variable in emotion regulation was limited access to emotion regulation strategies. Moreover, with regard to early maladaptive schemata, mistrust and emotional inhibition were found to predict gender dysphoria in transsexual men. Conclusion: Results revealed that the simultaneous role of cognitive and emotional factors is significant in the emergence of gender dysphoria in transsexual men.

Background: Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is a chronic problem that is more prevalent among women than men. Various studies have revealed that these people experience many problems in their interpersonal relationships, which increase their suffering. Objectives: The present study was done to identify how people suffering from PDD experience interpersonal relationships that often seem troubled and broken. Methods: A phenomenological approach was adopted for this qualitative study. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 individuals with PDD, focusing on exploring their experience and suffering in interpersonal relationships. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and the transcripts were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological descriptive method. Results: In general, five main themes and 16 sub-themes emerged. The main themes were: (1) Feeling empty of love and compassion; (2) feeling ignored; (3) ignoring others’ needs, conditions, and suffering; (4) feeling of being annoying to others; and (5) feeling confused and helpless in relationships. Conclusions: It seems that all five themes convey the message that these individuals demonstrate less skill in feeling compassion and receiving it from others. Therefore, it appears that long-term compassion-based interventions can effectively reduce the interpersonal suffering of these individuals. It should be noted that although these themes have commonalities in different cultural contexts, the culture can influence the content and intensity of these feelings.

In delay-sensitive industrial internet of things (IIoT) applications, the age of information (AoI) is employed to characterize the freshness of information. Meanwhile, the emerging network function virtualization provides flexibility and agility for service providers to deliver a given network service using a sequence of virtual network functions (VNFs). However, suitable VNF placement and scheduling in these schemes is NP-hard and finding a globally optimal solution by traditional approaches is complex. Recently, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has appeared as a viable way to solve such problems. In this paper, we first utilize single agent low-complex compound action actor-critic RL to cover both discrete and continuous actions and jointly minimize VNF cost and AoI in terms of network resources under end-to-end Quality of Service constraints. To surmount the single-agent capacity limitation for learning, we then extend our solution to a multi-agent DRL scheme in which agents collaborate with each other. Simulation results demonstrate that single-agent schemes significantly outperform the greedy algorithm in terms of average network cost and AoI. Moreover, multi-agent solution decreases the average cost by dividing the tasks between the agents. However, it needs more iterations to be learned due to the requirement on the agents’ collaboration.

The current study was performed with the aim of the psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire for measuring factors related to women's mental health in an earthquake. This descriptive instrumental study was carried out on a population of 378 women with an earthquake experience in Kerman Province, Iran, in 2017-2018. The formal validity, content validity, criterion validity, factor analysis, and reliability of the questionnaire were measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Moreover, descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to report data. In the content validity stage, 34out of 85 items of the questionnaire were eliminated. In the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) stage, 2 items out of the remaining 51 items were removed due to weak factor loading and 49 items were defined in 6 factors. The convergent and divergent validities of the questionnaire were confirmed in relation to the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (r = -0.23

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Background and Objective: Career well-being is one of the elements of positive psychology which could enhance one’s flourishing and development in life. The objective of this study was to explore the key elements of career well-being based on the new definitions in this field. Materials and Methods: The present study was of qualitative design with exploration method. The statistical population included all employees of Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, from whom 73 people were selected via purposeful sampling. Data were gathered using interview method and thematic analysis technique was used for data analysis. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 38 (8.8). Among participants, 34 (46.6%) were women and 39 (53.4%) men. As many as 31 (42.5%) had less than 10 years of work experience and 42 (57.5%) had more than 10 years of work experience. The key elements of career well-being among employees of Shahid Beheshti University included: a sense of satisfaction and happiness to career (65.7%), positive interpersonal relationships (58.9%), engagement (52%), positive organizational relationships (50.6%), job performance (42.4%), work-life balance (39.7%), learning and development (36.9%), career transitions (30.1%), emotional stability (28.7%), sense of purpose and meaning (24.6%), fulfillment and competence (21.9%), and environmental mastery (19.1%). Conclusion: The study showed that a sense of satisfaction and happiness to career, positive interpersonal relationships, engagement, positive organizational relationships, job performance, work-life balance, learning and development, career transitions, emotional stability, sense of purpose and meaning, fulfillment and competence, and environmental mastery were the key elements of career well-being among the employees of Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran.

This paper addresses the four enabling technologies, namely multi-user sparse code multiple access (SCMA), content caching, energy harvesting, and physical layer security for proposing an energy and spectral efficient resource allocation algorithm for the access and backhaul links in heterogeneous cellular networks. Although each of the above mentioned issues could be a topic of research, in a real situation, we would face a complicated scenario where they should be considered jointly, and hence, our target is to consider these technologies jointly in a unified framework. Moreover, we propose two novel content delivery scenarios: 1) single frame content delivery (SFCD), and 2) multiple frames content delivery (MFCD), where the time duration of serving user requests is divided into several frames. In the first scenario, the requested content by each user is served over one frame. However, in the second scenario, the requested content by each user can be delivered over several frames. We formulate the resource allocation for the proposed scenarios as optimization problems where our main aim is to maximize the energy efficiency of access links subject to the transmit power and rate constraints of access and backhaul links, caching and energy harvesting constraints, and SCMA codebook allocation limitations. Due to the practical limitations, we assume that the channel state information values between eavesdroppers and base stations are uncertain and design the network for the worst case scenario. Since the corresponding optimization problems are mixed integer non-linear and nonconvex programming, NP-hard, and intractable, we propose an iterative algorithm based on the well-known alternate and successive convex approximation methods. In addition, the proposed algorithms are studied from the computational complexity, convergence, and performance perspectives. Moreover, the proposed caching scheme outperforms the existing traditional caching schemes like random caching and most popular caching. We also study the effect of joint and disjoint considerations of enabling technologies for the performance of next-generation networks. On the one hand, our proposed caching strategy increases slightly the computational complexity by 3%, 1.1%, and 2% compared to no caching, SFCD, and disjoint solution, respectively. On the other hand, the proposed caching scheme achieves a performance gain of 43%, 9.4%, and 51.3% compared to the three state-of-the-art schemes.

In the present work, a novel sensitive electrochemical potentiometric sensor for sensing Fe3+ ions based on 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) as a hydrophobic selector element was prepared to implement as an ion selective carbon paste electrode in the aqueous solutions. The adequate amounts of ionophore (5%), paraffin oil (25%) as a binder, Nanosilica (NS: 0.5%) multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs: 1%) as a modifier, and graphite powder (68.5%) as an inert matrix was occupied to form the paste. This new FeCP sensor demonstrated a Nernstian slope of 19.7 ± 0.7 mV per decade over widish linear range between 1.0 × 10–8 to 1.0 × 10–2 mol L–1 at working pH range of 1.9–5.0 in the optimized conditions. The average elapsed time to response of electrode was about ~6 s for concentrations from lower (1.0 × 10−8 mol L–1) to higher (1.0 × 10−2 mol L–1) of Fe3+ ion solution. The selectivity of electrode toward Fe3+ ions in comparison with other cations was studied by matched potential method. The making FeCP sensor has been put to use successfully as an indicator electrode in analytical applications such as the potentiometric titration and determination of iron(III) ion in blend of different ions.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy focused on self -compassion on social anxiety of adolescent girls. Thirty two female adolescents with social anxiety were randomly selected in Isfahan. The participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (sixteen persons in each group). The study performed in pretest, posttest and follow up stages. Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) and demographical information questionnaires were used to gather the data. The interventions were consisted of self-compassion focused therapy with acceptance and commitment therapy method (8 sessions for experimental group). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy focused on self -compassion had a significant effect on Reducing of social anxiety in adolescent girls in posttest(P≤0.01) and follow up (P

A highly sensitive and selective modified electrode was successfully developed for the monitoring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in the presence of folic acid. In this regard, a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was functionalized by the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots/tin oxide (N-CQDs/SnO2) nanocomposite and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4DMIM][PF6]) ionic liquid (IL). The structure and surface morphology of the nanocomposite were characterized by various methods, including field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The modified electrode displayed powerful and long-lasting electron mediating activity, with well-separated NADH and folic acid oxidation peaks. The sensing response of the developed [C4DMIM][PF6]/N-CQDs/SnO2/CPE platform was evaluated by determining NADH via the voltammetric technique under the optimized operating conditions. The current peaks of the square wave voltammograms of NADH and folic acid increased linearly with enhancing its concentrations within the ranges of 0.003–275 μM NADH and 0.4–380 μM folic acid. The detection limits for NADH and folic acid were obtained at 0.8 nM and 0.1 μM, respectively. Interference species such as glucose, urea, tryptophan, glycine, methionine, and vitamin B12 had no influence on the ability of the fabricated modified electrode to detect the target species. The low detection limit, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, superior stability, and cost-effectiveness made it suitable for the quantification of NADH in the real biological samples with the recovery percent values in the range of 97.5%–103%.

Two new potentiometric methods for determination of titanium in pure form and in its pharmaceutical form are developed. In the first method, new modified carbon paste electrode based on(SAPD) as a chemical modifier. The construction of carbon paste electrodetitanium ion-selective electrode and its use in the potentiometric determination of titanium in pharmaceutical preparations and orthodontic cages is described. The electrode displays a linear log [Ti3+] versus EMF response over a wide concentration range of 4.1×10−7 to 1.2×10−3 with nernstian slope of 19.1±0.1 mV/decade with limit of detection 1.1×10−7 over the pH range 3.8–7.8; a response time of

The sufficient amounts of bis(salicylaldehyde) thiocarbohydrazone (STCH) as a lipophilic selective element (3%, w/w), sodium nitrobenzene (NB) as a plasticizer (64%, w/w), tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB) as an anionic additive (3%, w/w), and poly vinyl chloride (PVC) as a polymeric matrix (30%, w/w) was employed to form a PVC membrane of a new Pr3+ ions selective sensor to apply as an indicator electrode in analytical applications. The best electrode response was observed in the slope (19.5 ± 0.7 mV per decade) over a wide concentrations from lower (1.0 × 10−6 mol L–1) to higher (1.0 × 10−2 mol L–1) of Pr3+ ion solution with a detection limit of 8.5 × 10–7 mol L–1. This electrode showed the fast response time about 10 second for praseodymium ion concentration range of 1.0 × 10–6 to 1.0 × 10–2 mol L–1, in the pH range of 2.3–7.9. The matched potential method was applied to study the selectivity of electrode toward Pr3+ ions in comparison with many common cations. The results showed the negligible disturbance of all other cations on the proposed praseodymium(III) electrode. The making sensor has been employed successfully as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of praseodymium(III) solution with EDTA at pH 6.0. Moreover the applicability of the sensor was studied in determination of Pr3+ ion in mixtures of different ions.