Search

The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) is a self-report instrument which has been tested in several countries with mixed support. The current research examined the factor structure, construct validity, and reliability in a sample of university students in New Zealand (n = 1028). Our findings add support for a five-factor structure with two recommended cross-loadings, adequate internal consistency, and strong measurement invariance between male and female students. Significant correlations were found between most FMPS subscales, wellbeing, and semester GPA. Regression-based results indicated that several FMPS factors were predictors of wellbeing and semester GPA, respectively. An interaction effect was found between gender and the Parental Expectations subscale when predicting wellbeing. Overall, these results indicate that the FMPS is a reliable, valid instrument for New Zealand university students with a five-factor model which shows relevance to gender, wellbeing, and performance.

Background. Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality trait related to an individual’s desire to achieve optimal performance. From this perspective, perfectionism plays an important role in students’ motivation and their interpretation of the contexts for achievement. However, perfectionism which is encouraged by the views of others may result in increased performance levels of undergraduate university students. Objective. This study sought to identify the level of multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation among a group of undergraduate students in Jordan, while also investigating the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation. Design. To collect the data, questionnaires measuring multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation, were administered to a sample of 406 male and female undergraduate students at Hashemite University and Al-Hussein Bin Talal University during the academic year 2016/2017. Results. It was shown that the level of multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation was moderate, with no significant differences between the dimensions of multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation attributable to gender. Moreover, the results showed a positive and statistically significant relationship between the multidimensional perfectionism and motivational orientation subscales. Conclusion. Our study provides valuable insight into perfectionist trends and their relationship to motivational orientation in Arab countries. It contributes to the literature by demonstrating that perfectionism contributes to performance and achievement through its relationship to motivational orientation.

This study aimed to examine the effects of socially prescribed perfectionism, sleep duration, and sleep quality on suicidal ideation in Korean high school students and to investigate if sleep duration and quality moderated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and suicidal ideation. The participants of this study were 840 students (544 boys and 296 girls) from six high schools located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (Reynolds, 1988) was used to measure suicidal ideation. And the socially prescribed perfectionism was assessed by the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 1991). The students were asked to respond to a question regarding how long they slept a day as well as the Sleep Quality Scale (Yi, 2005). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions. The moderating effect of sleep duration and quality were investigated using the analysis procedures proposed by Baron and Kenny (1986). The results showed that the level of socially prescribed perfectionism and sleep quality increased the level of suicidal ideation. In addition, sleep quality moderated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and suicidal ideation. The effect of socially prescribed perfectionism on suicidal ideation was greater when sleep quality was poor, compared to when it was good.

Introduction: Perfectionism is a capacity belonging with high action criteria and critical self-appraisals. It is necessary to check its psychometric properties in Iranian samples to use Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) as perfectionism assessing tool. Aim: The aim of current research has been the determination of FMPS psychometric properties in Iranian non-clinical samples. Method: In this descriptive study, 304 B. A. and M. D. students of Shahed University completed FMPS. The methods internal consistency and splitting were utilized to investigate reliability of FMPS. The tools Experiences in Close Relationship-Revised and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Short Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 item were applied to investigate convergent validity of FMPS. FMPS factorial structure was checked with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results: Data analysis showed acceptable reliability and validity of FMPS in Iranian non-clinical samples. Six-factor structure of FMPS was also confirmed. Conclusion: Findings of the current research confirmed the usage of FMPS in psychological research and clinical Trails.

Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process which may be implicated in the onset and maintenance of non-suicidal self-injury. No study has evaluated whether reported differences in perfectionism between individuals with and without a history of self-injury represent genuine group differences or measurement artefacts. The present study reports an investigation of the measurement invariance of two common scales of perfectionism, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-Brief (FMPS-Brief) and the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ), among university students (Mage = 20.48, SDage = 2.22, 75.3% female, 22.8% male) with and without a history of self-injury (total n = 711). Results revealed full residual error invariance for the two-factor model of FMPS-Brief, while the bifactor model of the FMPS-Brief and the two-factor model of the CPQ demonstrated partial metric invariance. Accounting for partial metric invariance, the bifactor model of the FMPS-Brief also demonstrated partial residual error invariance. The current findings suggest that observed differences using the FMPS-Brief reflect genuine differences in perfectionism between individuals with and without a history of self-injury. Further, while researchers using the bi-factor model can have confidence that the general factor can adequately assess group differences, differential item functioning should be considered if using the strivings and concerns factors. Finally, in the current data, the CPQ did not perform as expected in baseline model fit and future research should replicate assessments of measurement invariance in this measure.

Perfectionism is a risk and maintaining factor for anorexia nervosa (AN) but studies on its classification are lacking. This study aimed to classify patients with AN and healthy controls (HCs) according to their perfectionism; to evaluate the association between perfectionism clusters and severity of general and eating psychopathology for both groups; to investigate the relationship between baseline perfectionism and hospitalization outcome for patients. A sample of 207 inpatients with AN and 292 HCs completed: Eating Disorders Inventory-2, Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and State- Trait Anxiety Inventory. Cluster analyses were run to classify participants according to their perfectionism scores. Three clusters (i.e., high, medium, low perfectionism) emerged for both patients with AN and HCs. The high perfectionism cluster was over-represented among patients. Both groups reported significant differences across clusters in eating-related difficulties. In AN, anxiety and depression severity varied across clusters according to perfectionism, but patients' baseline perfectionism was unrelated to hospitalization outcome. Inpatients with AN and HCs could be grouped in clusters of high, medium, and low perfectionism which also mirrored their eating psychopathology severity. Finally, hospitalization outcome was unrelated to inpatients' baseline perfectionism.

Objective This study was aimed to examine the factor structure and factorial invariance across gender of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-Chinese version (FMPS-CV). Methods The FMPS-CV was completed by 2451 undergraduates. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to verify its factorial validity, and Multigroup CFA were performed to examine its factorial invariance across gender. Gender differences were compared on scores of FMPS-CV. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were also detected. Clinical characteristics were compared between adaptive and maladaptive perfectionists categorized by positive and negative scores of FMPS-CV. Results CFA supported the six-factor structure of FMPS-CV, and Multigroup CFA evidenced its factorial invariance across gender. No significant gender differences were found. The adaptive perfectionists scored significantly lower on clinical variables than maladaptive perfectionists. Moreover, the reliability indicators met the standards. Conclusions The good psychometrics properties of FMPS-CV supported it could be used to assess perfectionism in Chinese young adults.

Because of the increased pressure on Asian international students to fit into American society while still maintaining ties to their country of origin, maladaptive perfectionism is very prominent in these students. This study’s purpose was to investigate the impact of diversity on acculturation in addition to acculturation and parental influence on maladaptive perfectionism in Asian international students. A survey consisting of the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students and The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale was sent out to all willing Asian international students. A preliminary analysis was conducted to analyze the impact of diversity on acculturative stress, and a multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the impact of parental influence and acculturation on maladaptive perfectionism. These analyses revealed that diversity has a positive effect on acculturative stress and when comparing parental influence and acculturation, parental influence has a greater impact on maladaptive perfectionism. Based on the current gap in research, these findings provide vital evidence regarding the positive impact of diversity in the process of acculturation.

This study aimed to show that academic rumination is an important risk factor for the quality of achievement goal orientations, especially in Socially- Prescribed Perfectionist (SPP) late adolescents. SPP personality trait and academic rumination are risk factors for the quality of achievement goal orientations. Surprisingly, there is no research investigating the effect of academic rumination on achievement goal orientations in SPP adolescents. The present research had two studies. In the Study I, 420 late adolescents completed the Hewitt & Flett’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS-HF), Achievement Goal Orientation Questionnaire (AGOQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The purpose of this study is to test the factor features of the MPS-HF and AGOQ and to determine the participants who meet the SPP criteria. In the Study II, 32 late adolescents who have SPP and 32 late adolescents who have not SPP (i.e., non- SPP) trait were induced academic rumination. Their achievement goal orientation sub- type levels were measured at the pre-rumination and post-rumination induction stages. The results demonstrated that the academic rumination had no significant effect on any achievement goal orientation sub-type. Also, the academic rumination had no significant higher effect on any achievement goal orientation sub- type of SPP group than non- SPP group. In discussion section, developments that can be made in the content of academic rumination task are suggested for future studies. In addition, it was thought that the importance of the academic failure memory for the individual should be take into consideration.

Perfectionism is considered to be an important personality factor within the dance context given the high number of dancers whose psychological health is influenced by its consequences. The relationship between perfectionism and dancers&rsquo, well- and ill-being can be mediated by a range of variables. The present study explores the role of forms of motivation (i.e., autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and amotivation) as mediators in the relationship between perfectionism (i.e., self-oriented and socially prescribed) and an indicator of well-being (i.e., subjective vitality) and ill-being (i.e., burnout). Participants of the study were 146 male and female Spanish vocational dancers aged between 12 and 26 years old (Mean age = 15.40 &plusmn, 2.96) who completed questionnaires measuring the variables of interest. Results of multiple mediator regression analyses showed that amotivation mediated the relationships between self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism with burnout and subjective vitality. Self-oriented perfectionism was negatively correlated, and socially prescribed perfectionism positively associated with amotivation. Amotivation of dancers was a positive predictor of burnout and a negative predictor of subjective vitality. Overall, the findings corroborate the importance of amotivation in the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and well-being and ill-being in dancers.

The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) is one of the most popular questionnaires for measuring perfectionism. Although this scale is in common use, its psychometric parameters still remain in dispute. The aim of this article is to present the Polish adaptation of the FMPS in a non-clinical sample. 696 university students aged 18 to 42 (M = 26.74, SD = 7.56) took part in the study. Confirmatory Factor Analyses suggested that the most appropriate factor structure of the adapted version of the FMPS contains 5 correlated factors: CM (concerns over mistakes), DAA (doubts about actions), PE (parental expectations), PC (parental criticism), and PS (personal standards). The ORG (organization) subscale was removed after evaluation. The evaluation of the specific relationships of each dimension of the adapted version of the FMPS with shame, guilt, worry, rumination, and indecisiveness revealed that when controlling for the variances of the remaining dimensions, significant relationships occurred almost only in the case of the CM, DAA and PS scales, suggesting that they constitute the three core facets of perfectionism as measured by the FMPS.

This study examined the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism, social support, and two outcomes (depression and anxiety) in a sample of 1785 undergraduate students. Perfectionistic concerns had a negative relationship with social support, and perfectionistic strivings had a positive relationship with social support. The relationships between both dimensions of perfectionism and both outcomes were mediated by social support.

Multidimensional perfectionism includes the dimensions perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic strivings. Many studies have investigated the nomological network of multidimensional perfectionism by relating perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic strivings to the Big Five personality traits. Results from these studies were largely inconsistent. In the present study, we meta–analytically integrated 672 effect sizes from 72 samples ( N = 21 573) describing relations between multidimensional perfectionism and the Big Five personality traits. Perfectionistic concerns correlated positively with Neuroticism ( r = 0.383) and negatively with Extraversion ( r = −0.198), Agreeableness ( r = −0.198), Conscientiousness ( r = −0.111), and Openness ( r = −0.087). Perfectionistic strivings correlated positively with Conscientiousness ( r = 0.368), Openness ( r = 0.121), Neuroticism ( r = 0.090), and Extraversion ( r = 0.067) and were unrelated to Agreeableness ( r = 0.002). The measures of perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic strivings moderated most of these relations. Meta–analytic structural equation modelling allowed controlling each perfectionism dimension for the respective other. This partialling increased all correlations with the exception of the previously positive correlation between perfectionistic strivings and Neuroticism, which ceased to be significant. The findings support the distinction between perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns and demonstrate how multidimensional perfectionism is situated in the context of broader personality traits. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

This study provided the first test of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism with respect to dancers’ goals for dancing in competitive dance. Four hundred twenty-five young female North American competitive dancers (M = 11.33 years; SD = 2.14) completed questionnaires assessing multidimensional perfectionism and goals for participation in dance. The latent moderated structural equations approach along with procedures outlined by Gaudreau indicated partial support for the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism. Pure Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism was associated with fewer intrinsic goals for dance and greater extrinsic goals for dance relative to nonperfectionism. Pure Personal Standards Perfectionism was related to less endorsement of extrinsic goals relative to nonperfectionism. Findings were complex with respect to mixed perfectionism, with this form of perfectionism being related to greater endorsement of both intrinsic and extrinsic goals for dance. Results provide partial support for the 2 × 2 model in youth dance.

This study analyzed the psychometric properties of the Italian translation of both the Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS) and the Short Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (SMPS), and the academic implications of perfectionism on 414 Italian college students aged between 18 and 58 years. Results revealed some limitations with the SAPS factor structure that, once addressed, yielded scores with good internal consistency and convergent validity. The SMPS had adequate psychometric properties. Higher perfectionistic strivings scores were associated with better academic performance and with higher rates of studying. This study provides support for the usefulness of both the SAPS and the SMPS in understanding relationships between different perfectionism dimensions and academic outcomes for Italian students.

The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) is widely used to measure the construct of perfectionism. Previous studies evaluating the factor structure of the FMPS have reported inconsiste...

Despite evidence highlighting the debilitating nature of perfectionism in sport, few studies have examined how it develops. In explaining the development of perfectionism, theorists emphasize controlling parental practices in family contexts replete with conditional regard. This study, then, tested the role of parental conditional regard in the development of perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns among adolescent athletes. It also tested the mediating role of competence contingent self-worth in these associations. One hundred and forty-eight (M age = 15.12 years, SD = 1.64) adolescent athletes competing at the regional level or above in their primary sport completed measures of multidimensional perfectionism, competence contingent self-worth, and parental conditional regard. In line with hypotheses, structural equation modeling showed that perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns were positively predicted by parental conditional regard. As expected, competence contingent self-worth mediated both relationships. The findings are the first to suggest that conditional regard from parents is important in the development of perfectionism among adolescent athletes because these behaviors contribute to contingencies of self-worth that are based on competence.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms focusing on interpersonal relationships may include obsessive doubts and preoccupation centered on the relationship (i.e., relationship-centered) or the relationship partner (i.e. partner-focused). Although general obsessive beliefs have been associated with relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (ROCD), perfectionism and catastrophic relationship beliefs may particularly relevant to the maintenance and development of such symptoms. We assessed the unique contributions of specific perfectionism dimensions and catastrophic relationship beliefs to relationship-centered and partner-focused ROCD symptoms. Participants included 124 individuals recruited online reporting that they had received a diagnosis of ROCD by a qualified clinician completed a battery of questionnaire tapping maladaptive beliefs previously associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), multidimensional perfectionism and catastrophic relationship beliefs. Perfectionistic concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, catastrophic beliefs regarding being in the wrong relationship and of being alone were found to be unique predictors of relationship-centered ROCD symptoms over and above mood symptoms. Only catastrophic fears of being in the wrong relationships predicted partner-focused ROCD symptoms. Perfectionistic tendencies as well as specific relationship-related beliefs may be more strongly implicated than OCD-related maladaptive beliefs in the development and maintenance of relationship-centered ROCD symptom. More research is needed to identify more specific beliefs associated with partner-focused ROCD symptoms.

Despite experiencing higher levels of psychological distress, individuals with high levels of perfectionism are more reluctant to seek treatment for psychological issues and they are often treatment resistant when in treatment. Mental illness stigma has been shown to be a significant barrier to treatment seeking in other populations and it stands to reason that it may play a key role for individuals with high levels of perfectionism as well. As such, the primary goal of this study was to discern whether individuals who differ along the continuum of various types of perfectionism also differ in terms of mental illness beliefs in ways that suggest awareness of and concern about being stigmatized. In addition, we examined links between perfectionism and attitudes towards seeking help and self-stigma for seeking help. A sample of 140 university students completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale and separate measures of mental illness beliefs, help-seeking attitudes, and self-stigma for seeking help. Analyses found that perfectionistic self-presentation was associated with unfavorable mental illness attitudes overall. Our results suggest that targeted interventions to reduce mental illness stigma should be tailored to address the beliefs and concerns of perfectionistic people who are vulnerable to distress.

Human beings can express their emotions through various ways, such as facial expressions, bodily expressions, prosody, or language. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a life-long neuro developmental disorder, characterized by varying levels of deficit in social and communication skills. A "serious game" called "JeStimule" has been developed to improve on the facial emotion recognition skills of children with autism. As many as 17 autistic children with distinctive characteristics were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The level of language comprehension and academic learning is slightly heterogeneous. The participants are predominantly boys, with an average age of 11.23. Our finding shows that children have gradual ease in recognizing the following emotions: Happiness, surprise, sadness, anger, pain and fear. However, they find it challenging to recognize the remaining three emotions, namely neutral, funny face, and disgust. JeStimule is an effective educational game for children with autism that could improve their skills in recognizing others’ emotion. However, further research needs to be carried out to test the game in the context of Moroccan children. Autism recognition of emotions is a cognitive remediation area of great interest to this population.

espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto del perfeccionismo estado y las orientaciones de meta, sobre la ansiedad precompetitiva, a traves de dos modelos que prueban las relaciones secuenciales. Un primer modelo analizo el efecto del perfeccionismo global en competicion, sobre las orientaciones de meta, y consecuencias de ansiedad precompetitiva. Posteriormente, el perfeccionismo se separo en dos dimensiones, positiva y negativa, a partir de las facetas de esfuerzo por la perfeccion, y reacciones negativas ante la imperfeccion, respectivamente. Tal modelo probo la secuencia: dos facetas del perfeccionismo multidimensional en competicion, orientaciones de meta, y consecuencias de ansiedad precompetitiva. Adicionalmente, en este segundo modelo se analizo el papel mediador de las orientaciones de meta. Participaron 171 deportistas de alto rendimiento, de ambos sexos, con una edad de 23.5 anos (DT = 6.1), quienes respondieron a un conjunto de cuestionarios para medir las variables de estudio previo a una competicion. Los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales mostraron que el perfeccionismo global predice la orientacion al ego, y esta la ansiedad cognitiva. No obstante, cuando dos dimensiones del perfeccionismo son diferenciadas, ambas facetas del perfeccionismo predicen positivamente la orientacion al ego y los sintomas de ansiedad; contrariamente el esfuerzo por la perfeccion tambien predice positivamente la orientacion a la tarea, y esta negativamente ambas ansiedades. En conclusion, se refuerza que el perfeccionismo estado puede ser adaptativo, ya que el esfuerzo por la perfeccion en competicion reduce los sintomas de ansiedad precompetitiva a traves de la orientacion a la tarea; por lo que las orientaciones de meta explican teoricamente la relacion entre el esfuerzo por la perfeccion y la ansiedad precompetitiva. EnglishThe aim of this study was to analyze a predictive model of state perfectionism on goal orientations, and precompetitive anxiety and self-confidence, through two models that analyze sequential relationships. A first model analyzed the effect of global perfectionism in competition, on goal orientations, and consequences of precompetitive anxiety and self-confidence. Subsequently, perfectionism was separated into two dimensions, positive and negative, from the facets of striving for perfection, and negative reactions to imperfection, respectively. Such a model proved the sequence: two facets of multidimensional perfectionism in competition, goal orientations, and consequences of precompetitive anxiety and self-confidence. Additionally, the mediating role of goal orientations within the second model was analyzed. 171 high-performance athletes of both sexes, with an age of 23.5 years participated in the study, who answered a set of questionnaires to measure the study variables before the competition. The results of structural equation models showed that global perfectionism predicts ego orientation and cognitive anxiety. However, the two facets of perfectionism positively predict ego orientation and anxiety symptoms. Contrary to the striving for perfection also positively predicts the orientation in the task, and this negatively both anxieties. In conclusion, it is reinforced that state perfectionism can be an adaptive trait, since the striving for perfection, if accompanied by a predominance of task orientation. So the goal orientations theoretically explain the relationship between the striving for perfection and precompetitive anxiety.

Objectives This study investigated the incidence of lived experience of mental health problems amongst UK-based trainee clinical psychologists and factors associated with anticipated disclosure for trainees both with and without lived experience. Methods A web-based survey comprising the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, an adapted version of the Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale, and questions about lived experience and anticipated likelihood of disclosure. Results The survey was completed by 348 trainees across 19 UK training institutions. Sixty-seven percent reported lived experience of a mental health problem. For these trainees, there was no difference in anticipated likelihood of disclosing to different recipient types after controlling for maladaptive perfectionism. However, across all participants, anticipated disclosure was associated with maladaptive perfectionism, temporal proximity, anticipated stigma (past), and recipient type. Anticipated stigma (present) was not associated with anticipated disclosure. Conclusions Results support an approach to communicating about mental health disclosure that incorporates responsibility, interdependency, and transparency. Suggestions for further research are discussed.

본 연구는 다차원적 완벽주의와 청소년 수면의 관계에서 불안과 우울의 매개효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경기도에 거주하는 고등학생 382명을 대상으로 다차원적 완벽주의 척도, 불안척도, 우울척도, 주간졸음척도, 불면증 척도를 사용하여 설문을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 다차원적 완벽주의가 불면증에는 영향을 미치나 주간졸음에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났고 다차원적 완벽주의 하위변인 중 사회부과가 불면증에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 다차원적 완벽주의가 높을수록 불안과 우울도 높은 것으로 나타났으며 우울보다는 불안에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 불안과 우울이 높을수록 주간졸음과 불면증도 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 불안과 우울이 다차원적 완벽주의와 불면증과의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 다차원적 완벽주의가 높을수록 불면증이 심해지며, 다차원적 완벽주의로 인한 불면증을 관리하기 위해서는 정서적인 요인에 대한 개입도 필요함을 시사한다.

Given the inconclusive findings regarding the relation between perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms, it is important that we determine whether this relation is modulated by emotion dysregulation, which is a prominent risk factor for eating disorders. We sought to identify specific cognitive emotion regulatory strategies—rumination, self-blame, and catastrophizing—that interact with multidimensional perfectionism to shape eating disorder symptoms (i.e., shape, weight, eating concerns, and dietary restraint). Using latent moderated structural equation modeling, we analyzed data from 167 healthy young female adults. We found that only rumination significantly moderated the relation between socially prescribed perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms. However, this was not observed for self-oriented perfectionism or other regulatory strategies. These findings held true when a host of covariates were controlled for. Our findings underscore the crucial role of rumination, a modifiable emotion regulatory strategy, in augmenting the relation between socially prescribed perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms in young women.

This study examined the relationship between perfectionism and anger states of Physical Education and Sports Teacher candidates (PESTC), and whether or not perfectionism sub-dimension scores were predictive of anger scores. A total of 130 students were participated. The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and The State-Trait Anger Scale were used to determine the perfectionism and anger states. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Analysis results indicated that a positive significant relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and the anger subscales state anger, anger-in and anger-out, while a negative significant relationship was found between socially prescribed perfectionism and anger-control. Additionally, Multi-Directional Regression Analysis results revealed that only socially prescribed perfectionism predicts anger subscale scores were at a significant level. Self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism were not found to be significant in the prediction of anger subscales. In conclusion, the perfectionism as a personality character for PESTC should not be result in anger behavior during physical education processes.

This study examined the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism, four types of coping (task-oriented, emotion-oriented, social diversion, distraction), and perceived stress in a sample of 323 undergraduate students. Specifically, results of the study offered support for the tripartite model of perfectionism with three classes (adaptive, maladaptive, and non-perfectionists) who differed from one another on levels of stress and coping. The relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and perceived stress was mediated by task-oriented, emotional-oriented, and distraction coping in support of the general vulnerability model of perfectionism. In regard to adaptive perfectionism, only task-oriented and emotion-oriented coping were significant mediators.

The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) is one of the most used instruments to assess perfectionism. The FMPS assesses six dimensions: Concern over Mistakes (CM), Parental Expectations (EP), Parental Criticism (PC), Doubts about Actions (DA), Organization (OR), and Personal Standards (PS). CM, PE, PC, and DA are facets of a more general dimension considered Maladaptive Perfectionism. PS is frequently considered Adaptive Perfectionism. FMPS psychometric properties have been studied in adults but scarcely in children. We adapted the FMPS for Spanish children and adolescents and studied these properties in a sample of 1,648 Spanish young people (mean age = 13.36; SD = 2.28). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were used to test whether the FMPS dimensions found in adults are applicable to children. Results supported this hypothesis. The FMPS dimensional structure was invariant across gender and age. FMPS subscales showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α: .71-.92) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlations: .70-.85). Moderate and high correlations with measures of dysfunctional beliefs, anxiety, and depression supported the validity of the FMPS scores. Results from regression equations showed that the relationship of perfectionism with anxiety and depression is mostly due to Maladaptive Perfectionism.

Introduction Perfectionism and rumination both seem to be involved in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (ED), but the underlying studies have been performed almost exclusively in females. The aims of this study were to examine whether rumination is a potential mediator of the link between perfectionism and ED symptoms, and whether gender is a moderator of the link between perfectionism and ED symptoms and/or between perfectionism and brooding rumination. Method 390 participants (269 women, 121 men), aged between 18 and 25, completed three questionnaires: the Ruminative Response Scale for Eating Disorders, the Eating Attitudes Test, and the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Results Results showed that maladaptive evaluative-concerns perfectionism and positive strivings perfectionism both had indirect effects on ED symptoms via brooding rumination. Gender moderated only the direct effect between maladaptive evaluative-concerns perfectionism and ED symptoms. Conclusions These results highlighted gender differences, and support the literature on the importance of including rumination and perfectionism in the treatment and the prevention of eating disorders.

This study explored the relationships between multidimensional perfectionism (adaptive and maladaptive), shame (characterological, behavioral, and bodily), and trichotillomania (TTM) symptom severity in a nonclinical sample of 284 college students and a clinical sample of 125 individuals with TTM. Results suggested that the clinical sample reported significantly higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, all three subtypes of shame, and TTM compared to the nonclinical sample. While none of the three subtypes of shame mediated the relationship between either form of perfectionism and TTM for the nonclinical sample, behavioral shame was a significant mediator between maladaptive perfectionism and TTM for the clinical sample. Implications for mental health counselors are discussed.

The relationships between multidimensional perfectionism, burnout, and motivation were examined. In so doing, this study aimed to replicate and extend the study by Cumming and Duda (2012). Ninety-one ballet dancers completed questionnaires assessing the target constructs. Using cluster analysis, four profiles emerged that replicated Cumming and Duda's findings and generally supported Gaudrau and Thompson's 2x2 model of perfectionism. As such, these profiles represented pure personal standards perfectionism, mixed perfectionism, pure evaluative concerns perfectionism, and non-perfectionism. Extending previous literature, the four profiles were then compared on a range of burnout symptoms and motivational regulations. It was found that the four clusters differed significantly on these constructs, in a manner partly supportive of the hypotheses associated with the 2x2 model of perfectionism. In particular, our results reflect and extend those of Cumming and Duda, in that mixed perfectionism and pure evaluative concerns perfectionism did not differ on any of the measures. Thus, the higher personal standards of dancers exhibiting mixed perfectionism did not appear to be associated with better functioning than that experienced by dancers with pure evaluative concerns perfectionism. Altogether, the study extends our current understanding of perfectionism in dance and its potential effects, including those on burnout and motivation.