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Cibanten river is one of the most potential to be developed as a source of raw water. Crucial issues at Cibanten river is the increasing load of water pollution as indicated by parameter BOD, COD and TSS. This study aimed to estimate the amount of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) in Cibanten river, analyze the quality Status of the Cibanten river water, analyze the capacity of assimilation, and determine management strategy of Cibanten river of Banten Province. TMDL of BOD were determined by modeling Qual2KW and the results were compared with the second class water quality standards to regulation No. 82/2001. Management strategy of Cibanten river determined by analysis of the results of an expert survey method with AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Quality Status of the Cibanten river water with pollution index was light raiment and storet method of Raw Water Quality class II belong was heavy raiment. Results of the simulation calculation of TMDL, the total load of pollution in the Cibanten BOD was730 tons/month while the TMDL of BOD was 146.801 tons/month. Results of the analysis of assimilation capacity COD was 24208 tons/month. Results of the analysis methods of survey expert with AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) is monitoring and surveillance as an alternative management strategies with the highest priority of the Cibanten river (agregate value 0.202)and following up the monitoring results.

Rice is a food crop which is grown in Indonesia widely and used as a staple food crop for filling domestic food needs. Rice husk is a solid waste that formed from rice grain milling. Along with the increase in national rice production per year, the rice husk also increase. There is silica content in rice husk have a potency that used as a tanning agent. It can be used as a material substitution of chrome sulfate as conventional tanning agent that have carcinogenic properties. This article will explain about tanning process, the potency of rice husk in Indonesia, rice husk utilization, and silica extraction process also nano-silica processing from rice husk. Besides that, it will describe silica and nano-silica usage in the tanning process, mechanism tanning nano-silica and leather properties that produced from the tanning process with nano-silica.

Nanosilica from boiler ash sugar cane industry can be utilized asfiller electrolyte membrane ofDirect Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC). The aim of the study was to determine the influenceof ammonium sulfate addition on chitosan and nanosilica addition to performance of chitosan sulfate membrane. This research was conducted through three stages: synthesisof nanosilica using presipitation method, synthesis of chitosan sulfate with ammonium sulfate in various concentration of 0.1 M, 0.5 M, 1 M, 1.5 M, and synthesisof chitosan sulfate membrane by adding nanosilica of 1%, 3%, 5% level. The result showed that nanosilica produced had characteristicsof amorphous, 330 nm of particles size, 47.49 nm of crystal size, 64% of crystalinization degree, and 0.3 of Podispersity Index (PDI). The degree of sulfonation produced by chitosan sulfate was 15.86%, 19.00%, 22.84%, and 24.75%. The sulfonation chitosan and nanosilica addition gave significant effect (α = 0,05) of membrane characteristics. Membrane with 0.1 M of ammonium sulfate and 3% of nanosilica had the highest performance with 40.75% of water absorption, 44.22% of methanol absorption, 0.66meq/g of ion exchange capacity, and 6.48 × 10−4 S/cm of ion conductivity. The composite membrane can be applied for DMFC.

Air limbah budidaya udang berjumlah relatif banyak dan mengandung bahan pencemar yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Di sisi lain, air limbah tersebut dapat diolah dan diresirkulasi dalam sistem budidaya udang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki kemampuan sistem lahan basah buatan-aliran air permukaan (LBB-AAP) yang ditanami dengan rumput vetiver ( Chrysopogon zizanioides , L) dalam menghilangkan pencemar (NO 2 - , NO 3 - , NH 3 , NH 4 + dan PO 4 3- ) dari air limbah budidaya udang vaname ( Litopenaeus vannamaei ) kondisi mesohaline dan mengevaluasi kinerja sistem tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem LBB-AAP mampu mengeliminasi parameter NO 2 - , NO 3 - , NH 3 , NH 4 + dan PO 4 3- secara signifikan. Rumput vetiver mampu tumbuh pada kondisi mesohaline dan dapat melakukan remediasi air limbah tersebut. Serapan rumput vetiver dalam sistem LBB-AAP untuk NO 3 - , NH 4 + dan PO 4 3- adalah 28, 63 dan 83 %. Desain konstruksi LBB-AAP tipe Hidroponik menunjukkan kinerja terbaik dalam pengendalian air limbah budidaya udang vaname dibandingkan dengan tipe e mergent , kombinasi hidroponik dan emergent . ABSTRACT The amount of wastewater shrimp cultivation is relatively/too much, contains a variety of pollutants and potentially pollute the environment. In other side, The wastewater can be treated and also recirculated in shrimp cultivation systems. The purpose of research is to investigate the ability of flow water surface-constructed wetland system (FWS-CWs) that planted vetiver grass ( Chrysopogon zizanioides, L ) that removes of pollutants ( NO 2 - , NO 3 - , NH 3 , NH 4 + and PO 4 3- ) from wastewater vaname shrimp cultivation ( Litopenaeus vannamaei ) on conditions mesohaline and with the aim of evaluating the performance of the system. The results of the research indicate that FWS-CWs able to eliminate the parameters significantly of NO 2 - , NO 3 - , NH 3 , NH 4 + and PO 4 3- . Vetiver grass could grow on mesohaline conditions and it can perform remediation of the wastewater. Uptake of vetiver grass in FWS-CWs system for NO 3 - , NH 4 + dan PO 4 3- is 28, 63 and 83%. Construction design FWS-CWs with Hydroponics type provide the best performance in the control of wastewater vaname shrimp cultivation when compared with emergent type and a combination of hydroponics-emergent.

The oil palm industry significantly contributes to environmental degradation if without waste management properly. The newest alternative waste management that might be developed is by utilizing the effluent of POME anaerobic digestion with EFB through integrated anaerobic decomposition process. The aim of this research was to examine and evaluate the integrated solid-liquid waste treatment technology in the view point of greenhouse gasses emission, compost, and biogas production. POME was treated in anaerobic digester with loading rate about 1.65 gCOD/L/day. Treated POME with dosis of 15 and 20 L/day was sprayed to the anaerobic digester that was filled of 25 kg of EFB. The results of research showed that after 60 days, the C/N ratio of EFB decreased to 12.67 and 10.96 for dosis of treated POME 15 and 20 L/day, respectively. In case of 60 day decomposition, the integrated waste treatment technology could produce 51.01 and 34.34 m3/Ton FFB which was equivalent with 636,44 and 466,58 kgCO2e/ton FFB for dosis of treated POME 15 and 20 L/day, respectively. The results of research also showed that integrated solid-liquid wastes treatment technology could reduce GHG emission about 421.20 and 251.34 kgCO2e/ton FFB for dosis of treated POME 15 and 20 L/day, respectively.

Dari jumlah penjualan barang elektronik yang terus meningkat, Indonesia memiliki potensi limbah elektronik yang cukup besar dan setiap tahun terus bertambah. Dari jumlah tersebut, perangkat elektronik bekas sebagian besar diolah oleh sektor informal dengan cara yang tidak ramah lingkungan karena ketiadaan kebijakan khusus tentang limbah ini. Jika hal ini terus terjadi, banyak pihak yang akan memanfaatkannya untuk menjadikan Indonesia menjadi salah satu tujuan pembuangan limbah elektronik ilegal di masa yang akan datang. Untuk mengatasinya, pemerintah harus memulai menjalankan sejumlah strategi pengelolaan limbah elektronik dengan dukungan berbagai stakeholder. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT dan QSPM dengan responden yang berasal dari beberapa pihak yang terkait dengan pengelolaan limbah elektronik, maka diketahui bahwa strategi prioritas yang harus dilakukan saat ini adalah mengembangkan infrastruktur pengelolaan limbah elektronik ramah lingkungan sehingga sistem pengolahan dan daur ulang dapat berjalan dengan skema ramah lingkungan.

Given the crucial role of knowledge creation in contemporary business enterprises, a fundamental question arises: what processes are facilitating knowledge creation? This study aims to find the answer.This study investigates the interrelations among four categories of knowledge assets (experiential, conceptual, systemic, and routine) and four categories of SECI model for knowledge creation processes (socialization, externalization, combination , and internalization). In our framework, we argue that different types of knowledge assets may have differing influences on knowledge creation. In order to test the feasibility of this framework, we conducted an empirical research exercise. Data were collected from three dairy cooperations in Java, Indonesia through a survey instrument. A total of 105 usable responses were analysed. We employed regression analysis, ANOVA and canonical correlation analysis to examine the separate correlations. We identified four responses interrelationhips from this study. Compared to other knowledge assets, conceptual knowledge assets have a greater effect on socialization of knowledge creation process. Experiential knowledge assets have a greater effect on combination. Routine knowledge assets have a greater effect on externalization of knowledge creation process. Systemic knowledge assets have a greater effect on internalization of knowledge creation process.

Bagasse ashes have high silica content thus it can be used in nanosilicaproduction to increase its benefit value. This study aimed to get the best time for synthesis and to determine the optimum synthesis time and temperature. This study used the hydrothermal method, a simple method with relatively low reaction temperature and provide a good chemical homogeneity. Time varieties in synthesizing silica were 8,10 and 12 hours, at the temperature of 150 °C. But the results were not as expected. Moreover, optimization of synthesis temperature and time used 4 hours at the temperature of 150 °C based on previous studies. Optimization was conducted using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Later, a testusing PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) was performed to obtain particle sizes and PDI values (Polydispersity Index). The results showed that the prediction model of temperature synthesis was 152.67 °C synthesis time of 6 hours, particle size of 276.288 nm and PDI value of 0.189642. The tests showed that the size of particle obtained was 330.39 nm and PDI value at 0.3580. Actual results and predicted results were not significant different.

Application of lactic acid probiotic bacteria in health food diversification currently is progressing rapidly. It is encouraged the study of searching the potential strains from local resources (Ponorogo Residence) namely noni fruits (badeg pace) and noni wine. Aims of this study were to perform the isolation, identification, and production of probiotic Lactobacillus sp. JR64 fermentation process as a producer of Omega-6 (ω-6) lowering cholesterol and design of probiotic creamy product. Beginning stages of research was strains isolating and in-vitro testing, the best result were used in molecular identification technology development for the production of metabolites through the manipulation of environmental variation of glucose 20 g / l, 30 g / l and 40 g / l that influenced the substrate concentration of linoleic acid productivity. The result of new isolates isolation showed that isolates that obtained from noni wine, Lactobacillus plantarum JR64, was potential as probiotic condidate. The effieciency of fermentation substrates using Yx/s and Yp /s in the exponential phase was the highest value for the fermentation of 24 hours of Yx/ s; 17.03% and Y p/s; 74.72%, while the results of design and the best formulation for viability cells of lactobacillus plantarum probiotics JR64 was composed of 15 g and 50g butter 15 g icing sugar as well as during storage of the refrigerant temperature was 8.92 x 108 CFU / ml.

Studi kasus pengelolaan sampah rumahtangga di Wedomartani (Sleman, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa) dan Banjarsari (Jakarta Selatan) memberikan perspektif alternatif untuk meminimalisasi timbunan sampah yang dikelola oleh pemerintah melalui skenario daur ulang sampah dengan mengkombinasikan aspek teknis, ekologi, ekonomi, sosial budaya, kebijakan dan kelembagaan. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan sampah rumahtangga dari sumbernya di Wedomartani dan Banjarsari; 2) untuk membuat sintesis pola pengelolaan sampah berbasis komunitas; 3) untuk menguji dan mengevaluasi efektivitas dan efisiensi pola dari kedua studi kasus tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Juni 2005 sampai Agustus 2006. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan pengambilan sampel. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif meliputi analisis efektivitas biaya, analisis regresi, analisis varian dan t-test. Pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat memberikan beberapa keuntungan yakni : 1) mengurangi 57 persen sampah 70 persen dari total jumlah sampah; 2) efisiensi biaya sebesar 23 persen sampai 37 persen dibandingkan pengelolaan secara konvensional; 3) peningkatan nilai ekonomi dengan penjualan barang daur ulang, pelayanan pelatihan daur ulang dan bentuk-bentuk diversifikasi yang lain; 4) menciptakan harmoni sosial antar banyak pihak. Implementasi kedua pola ini di Bogor belum dapat dilakukan secara optimal karena belum terpenuhinya prasyarat untuk mencapainya. Tingkat biaya operasional juga belum dapat dicapai secara menguntungkan.