203 results on '"P, Dehon"'
Search Results
52. Subsoil Heat Exchangers for the Air Conditioning of Livestock Buildings
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D. Deglin, L. Van Caenegem, and P. Dehon
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Thermal efficiency ,Engineering ,Air conditioning ,business.industry ,Heat recovery ventilation ,Heat transfer ,Heat exchanger ,Plate heat exchanger ,Environmental engineering ,Plate fin heat exchanger ,Aquatic Science ,business ,Copper in heat exchangers - Abstract
Subsoil heat exchangers have the potential to improve ambient conditions in livestock buildings, especially in piggeries. However, the general characteristics of an optimal installation are not well known. A three-dimensional non-steady-state heat flow model was developed in order to simulate the heat transfer between the air circulating in the tubes and the surrounding ground. By combining the results of this heat flow model with those of an experimental subsoil heat exchanger, it was possible to study the influence of various parameters, such as the type of ground and the air speed, as well as the characteristics of the pipes (diameter, length, depth and spacing), on the efficiency of heat exchange. This computer model constitutes an efficient tool to optimize the geometry of the pipes in order to find the ideal compromise between cost and thermal efficiency.
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- 1999
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53. Planar Steiner triple systems
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Dehon, Michel
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- 1979
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54. Les influences du conte traditionnel dans le roman camerounais d'expression française
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Dehon, Claire L.
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- 1989
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55. Relationship of Conflict, Conflict Avoidance, and Conflict Resolution to Psychological Adjustment
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Bruce, Madeline J., Chang, Alexander, Evans, Luke, Streb, Madison, Dehon, Jewell, and Handal, Paul J.
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Background:Conflict has deleterious effects on the adjustment of children, adolescence, and emerging adults. The literature is less robust on the adverse effects of conflict avoidance on adjustment as well as the beneficial effect of resolution in these age groups. The literature is markedly sparser on these relationships in adults. Method:We recruited N= 1471 US adults between 18 and 86 years old (M= 33.94, SD= 11.67). They primarily identified as White with 51% holding at least a bachelor’s degree. Participants responded to the Perceived Family Conflict Subscale, Avoidant Conflict Scale, the Family Conflict Resolution Scale, and the Langner Symptom Survey. Results:A MANOVA modeling the four variables demonstrated a significant difference based on sex for the measure of distress and need for treatment (Mwomen= 5.31, Mmen= 3.93, p< .001). Separate analyses for men and women yielded the same pattern for each sex. Specifically, low conflict groups, as well as low conflict avoidance groups, scored significantly lower on a measure of distress than the high conflict and conflict avoidance group. For conflict resolution, the high groups scored significantly lower on distress than did the low resolution group. Discussion:The deleterious effect of conflict and conflict avoidance were found in both adult men and women, thereby extending results found in children, teens, and young adults. Similarly, the beneficial effect of conflict resolution manifest in adult men and women, which had been found in young adults. Interventions aimed at reducing conflict avoidance and increasing conflict resolution skills should theoretically reduce stress.
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- 2024
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56. [Electronic determination of the length of the root canal]
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P, Dehon and J P, Van Nieuwenhuysen
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Radiography ,Electrolytes ,Tooth Apex ,Humans ,Odontometry ,Reproducibility of Results ,Equipment Design ,Dental Pulp Cavity ,Root Canal Preparation ,Electronics, Medical - Abstract
The endpoint of an endodontic treatment must be situated at the cemen-to-dentinal junction to preserve the biological potential of the periapical area and to realize a complete disinfection of the principal root canal system. Thus, the determination of working length is a crucial factor in endodontic therapy. The conventional radiographic method cannot provide the accurate location of the apical constriction. For this reason, the electronic apex locators have been developed. Now, the last generation of apex locators has become more sophisticated and the electronic measurements seem to be accurate and reliable with electrolytic solutions in the canal.
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- 2003
57. [Multiple cholesterol emboli syndrome: beneficial effects of early heparin therapy. A case report]
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J B, Lekeufack, P, Delrée, M, Goergen, F, Bouazza, K, Salmon, P, Raynal, J S, Azagra, E, Sellitti, and P, Dehon
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Male ,Time Factors ,Arteriosclerosis ,Heparin ,Patient Selection ,Anticoagulants ,Syndrome ,Blindness ,Prognosis ,Aortography ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Risk Assessment ,Angina Pectoris ,Stroke ,Pancreatectomy ,Treatment Outcome ,Risk Factors ,Splenectomy ,Humans ,Renal Insufficiency ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,Aged ,Embolism, Cholesterol - Abstract
The multiple cholesterol emboli syndrome (MCES) is a rare, multi-organ disease than can occur spontaneously or after arterial or cardiac catheterization, arteriography, angioplasty, cardiovascular surgery, oral or intravenous anticoagulation, systemic fibrinolysis and cardiorespiratory resuscitation, predominantly in male subjects with disseminated atherosclerosis over the age of 60 years. Clinical signs of MCES vary considerably depending on the organs involved, but the signs most frequently encountered are renal failure, skin lesions (livedo reticularis, purple toc, ulcers, etc) and transient eosinophilia. Optimal treatment of this syndrome is controversial and is often symptomatic. However, the most effective measure remains prevention based on identification of high-risk patients, treatment with platelet antiaggregants and careful handling of catheters. This syndrome has a serious prognosis in the majority of cases. In this article, the authors describe a case of MCES. After thoracic aortography, this 73-years-old patient presented typical clinical sign of MCES (angina, cerebrovascular accident, bilateral blindness, transient renal failure and splenic infarction). The clinical course was favourable in response to heparin therapy and splenectomy and caudal pancreatectomy. Histology confirmed the presence of cholesterol emboli in the lumen of splenic arterioles. Except in the case of severe bleeding diathesis, the authors recommend early heparin therapy for MCES caused by catheterization, angioplasty or cardiovascular surgery. However, complementary studies must be performed to more clearly define the effects of heparin on MCES.
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- 2003
58. Emmanuel Dongala: La Parole en exil
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Dehon, Claire L.
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Abstract:Pendant la conférence organisée par la Mid-American Alliance for African Studies en 2000, le Congolais Emmanuel Dongala expliqua sa frustration d'écrivain exilé. Il voulait tant participer au développement culturel de son pays et, à la fois, préserver sa richesse littéraire: comment le faire de si loin? Ses deux romans, Johnny chien méchant et Photo de groupe au bord du fleuve, montrent qu'en utilisant le concept de littérature transnationale et qu'en choisissant des sujets, des formes littéraires et des thèmes particuliers, un romancier exilé comme lui parvient à s'adresser à tous les Africains où qu'ils vivent. De cette manière, il peut combattre l'afropessimisme, les injustices des sociétés africaines et encourager ses lecteurs à garder un esprit critique pendant qu'il les distrait avec des histoires et des personnages fascinants.
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- 2018
59. Abdominal aortic coarctation with splanchnic arterial occlusion
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T, Le Minh, A D, Hoang, P, Dupont, S, Motte, M, el Douaihy, J, Ferreira, P, Michel, P, Dehon, and J P, Dereume
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Adult ,Male ,Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ,Hypertension, Renovascular ,Humans ,Arterial Occlusive Diseases ,Aorta, Abdominal ,Splanchnic Circulation ,Aortic Coarctation - Abstract
Abdominal aortic coarctation is found in only 2% of aortic coarctation and is usually manifested by renovascular hypertension. Splanchnic arterial occlusive lesions occur in 22% of these patients and are exceptionally symptomatic. We present a case report of a young patient with abdominal aortic coarctation causing hypertension and visceral angina. The aetiopathogeny and treatment are discussed.
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- 1999
60. Adventitial cystic disease of the popliteal artery communicating with the knee joint. A case report
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C, Galle, J C, Cavenaile, A D, Hoang, T L, Minh, M O, Peny, P, Braudé, P, Dehon, J, Ferreira, S, Motte, J C, Wautrecht, and J P, Dereume
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Adult ,Male ,Knee Joint ,Humans ,Arterial Occlusive Diseases ,Popliteal Artery ,Intermittent Claudication ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Abstract
We describe the case of a patient with adventitial cystic disease of the popliteal artery in which a direct anatomic communication between the cysts and the nearby knee joint was demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by surgery. This unusual observation could shed some light on the much debated question of the cause, the pathogenesis, and the management of the affection. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance and the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of adventitial cystic disease of the popliteal artery.
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- 1998
61. [The role of season in the incidence of deep venous thrombosis]
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C, Galle, J C, Wautrecht, S, Motte, T, Le Minh, P, Dehon, J, Ferreira, M, Dramaix, and J P, Dereume
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Causality ,Male ,Adolescent ,Incidence ,Humans ,Female ,Seasons ,Middle Aged ,Thrombophlebitis ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The question of the role of season as a predisposing factor for development of venous thromboembolic disease still remains a matter of debate. Actually, most reports described a higher incidence of thrombotic disorders in winter, while a recent study showed no seasonal variation in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). These data led us to study the seasonal distribution of all outpatients with DVT admitted to our Department over a period of 14 years.Retrospective review of the files of all outpatients with confirmed (venography or ultrasound) DVT of the legs admitted from Jan. 1st 1982 to Dec. 31st 1995 (n = 512; mean age 59.4 years; 49.4% women).DVT occurred in spring in 135 (26.4%), in summer in 104 (20.3%), in autumn in 142 (27.7%) and in winter in 131 (25.6%) patients. This distribution appears to be similar to an expected uniform distribution [chi 2(3) df = 6.48; p = 0.090 (NS)].In our study, by investigating retrospectively 512 outpatients with confirmed DVT, no correlation was found between season and development of thrombosis, suggesting that cold seasons do not represent a predisposing factor for DVT. Further large prospective studies are needed in order to validate our data and to investigate the clinical implications and the precise role of the season in the risk of occurrence of venous thrombosis.
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- 1998
62. [Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm by application of a Corvita endoprosthesis. Medium-term results of a feasibility study]
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J P, Dereume, J, Ferreira, P, Dehon, J C, Cavenaile, T, Le Minh, S, Motte, S, Guyot, and J C, Wautrecht
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Postoperative Complications ,Time Factors ,Feasibility Studies ,Humans ,Stents ,Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal - Abstract
Despite improvements in surgical techniques, progress in anesthesia and hemodynamic control, the risk of fatal outcome in the standard surgical technique for aneurysms of the abdominal aorta remains at about 5 to 6% due to associated coronary and pulmonary lesions. Surgical access to the aneurysm may also be hindered in patients with a past history of multiple abdominal operations. In collaboration with the Corvita company, we developed a modular endoprosthesis for endoluminal treatment of AAA and report the results of a feasibility study.
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- 1996
63. Continuous Online Self-Monitoring Introspection Circuitry for Timing Repair by Incremental Partial-Reconfiguration (COSMIC TRIP)
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Giesen, Hans, Gojman, Benjamin, Rubin, Raphael, Kim, Ji, and Dehon, André
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We show that continuously monitoring on-chip delays at the LUT-to-LUT link level during operation allows a field-programmable gate array to detect and self-adapt to aging and environmental timing effects. Using a lightweight (<4% added area) mechanism for monitoring transition timing, a Difference Detector with First-Fail Latch, we can estimate the timing margin on circuits and identify the individual links that have degraded and whose delay is determining the worst-case circuit delay. Combined with Choose-Your-own-Adventure precomputed, fine-grained repair alternatives, we introduce a strategy for rapid, in-system incremental repair of links with degraded timing. We show that these techniques allow us to respond to a single aging event in less than 190ms for the toronto20 benchmarks. The result is a step toward systems where adaptive reconfiguration on the time-scale of seconds is viable and beneficial.
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- 2018
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64. Dosage des métabolites urinaires des éthers de glycol par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse
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Labat, Laurence, Humbert, Luc, Dehon, Betty, Multigner, Luc, Garlantezec, Ronan, Nisse, Catherine, Lhermitte, Michel, Labat, Laurence, Humbert, Luc, Dehon, Betty, Multigner, Luc, Garlantezec, Ronan, Nisse, Catherine, and Lhermitte, Michel
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Objectif: Les éthers de glycol sont utilisés dans de nombreuses préparations à usage professionnel ou domestique, en particulier en tant que solvant. Les propriétés reprotoxiques de certains sont principalement liées à leur biotransformation dans l'organisme. Les métabolites acides sont éliminés par voie urinaire, ce qui en fait des indicateurs intéressants pour la surveillance en milieu professionnel ou en santé environnementale. Nous présentons une nouvelle méthode de dosage en chromatographie phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS). Méthodes: La détection se fait en mode d'ionisation chimique négative avec du méthane comme gaz réactant et l'acquisition est réalisée en mode full scan de 85 à 152 m/z. Cette méthode permet une surveillance biologique par le dosage simultané de huit métabolites urinaires : les acides méthoxyacétique (MAA), méthoxy-éthoxyacétique (MEAA), éthoxyacétique (EAA), éthoxy-éthoxyacétique (EEAA), 2-butoxyacétique (2-BAA), propoxyacétique (PrAA), phénoxyacétique (PhAA) et méthoxypropionique (MPA). Résultats: La méthode est linéaire de 0,05 à 2 mg/L pour MAA, MEAA, EAA, EEAA, PrAA et MPA et de 0,01 à 2 mg/L pour 2-BAA et PhAA avec des coefficients de régression supérieurs à 0,99 pour chacun des métabolites. Les limites de détection sont de 0,01 mg/L pour les six premiers métabolites et de 0,001 mg/L pour 2-BAA et PhAA. Les répétabilités et les fidélités intermédiaires déterminées pour les huit métabolites pour une concentration de 0,5 mg/L sont inférieures à 10 %. Les premiers résultats d'une étude pilote (étude INSERM) permettant une estimation de l'exposition aux éthers de glycols dans une population de femmes enceintes sont présentés. Conclusion: Ces résultats montrent que notre méthode de dosage en GC-MS est suffisamment spécifique et sensible pour permettre la surveillance de personnes exposées à de faibles niveaux en milieu professionnel ou environnemental.
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- 2008
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65. Suivi d'une intoxication à l'oxycyanure de mercure : dosage du mercure dans le sang, l'urine et les cheveux
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Klinzig, Florian, Labat, Laurence, Olichon, Didier, Nisse, Patrick, Dhorne, Christine, Dehon, Betty, Lhermitte, Michel, Klinzig, Florian, Labat, Laurence, Olichon, Didier, Nisse, Patrick, Dhorne, Christine, Dehon, Betty, and Lhermitte, Michel
- Abstract
Cas clinique: Un pharmacien de 53 ans est admis à l'hôpital après l'ingestion volontaire d'une préparation magistrale à base d'oxycyanure de mercure. La prise en charge initiale consiste en l'administration d'hydroxocobalamine et de dimercaprol (BAL), suivi d'un traitement épurateur par hémodialyses, puis acide dimercaptosuccinique (DMSA) et hémoperfusion. Matériel et méthodes: Le mercure sanguin est dosé par la méthode des vapeurs froides en spectrométrie d'absorption atomique (Cold Vapour - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ou CV-AAS) et le mercure urinaire est dosé en spectrométrie d'émission en plasma induit couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometryou ICP-MS). Résultats et conclusion: Les concentrations sanguines et urinaires mesurées 24 heures après l'ingestion sont respectivement de 3087 μg/L (normales < 5 μg/L ) et de 9573 μg/g de créatinine (normales < 3 μg/g ). Des dosages réguliers de mercure dans le sang et l'urine ont permis de contrôler l'élimination du toxique et l'efficacité des traitements. Ce suivi est réalisé durant les 52 jours d'hospitalisation. Afin d'évaluer l'imprégnation de l'organisme en mercure, un dosage du mercure dans les cheveux est effectué en ICP-MS sur deux mèches de 6 cm prélevées deux mois après l'ingestion. Ces concentrations en mercure mesurées sur six segments de 1 cm, sont comprises entre 4,6 et 41,2 ng/mg (normales < 1 ng/mg). Ces concentrations élevées évoquent une contamination du cheveu par le sébum.
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- 2008
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66. ICP-MS et toxicologie professionnelle
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Labat, Laurence, Dhorne, Christine, Klinzig, Florian, Dehon, Betty, Lhermitte, Michel, Labat, Laurence, Dhorne, Christine, Klinzig, Florian, Dehon, Betty, and Lhermitte, Michel
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La spectrométrie d'émission en plasma induit couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (ICP-MS) est une technique d'analyse multi élémentaire qui s'adapte parfaitement au dosage des métaux dans le cadre de surveillances d'expositions en milieu professionnel. Cette technique est sensible, spécifique, rapide et ses performances expliquent sa présence aux côtés de méthodes plus classiques utilisant la spectrométrie d'absorption atomique. Elle peut être utilisée en monoélémentaire, comme dans la surveillance de l'exposition au plomb en milieu professionnel. La méthode de dosage a été validée dans le sang total et la gamme de linéarité entre 2 et 1000 $\mu $g/L permet de surveiller les expositions parfois importantes que l'on peut rencontrer sur certains sites industriels. Elle permet également le suivi en population générale et notamment le suivi de jeunes enfants dont la moyenne des concentrations se situe aujourd'hui dans la région Nord-Pas de Calais aux environs de 30 $\mu $g/L. Cette méthode de dosage, comparée à la méthode de référence en spectrométrie d'absorption atomique pour le dosage du plomb sanguin montre des résultats plus performants en terme de variabilité et sensibilité avec des limites de détection plus faibles. Le suivi de l'exposition au mercure par le dosage du mercure urinaire est également facilement réalisable en ICP-MS sous certaines conditions. L'utilisation d'un mélange contenant de l'or en milieu acide favorise l'oxydation en formes non volatiles. La dilution des échantillons réalisée pour ne mesurer que des concentrations inférieures à 10 $\mu $g/L, associée à une maintenance stricte de l'appareil permet d'éviter l'effet mémoire du Hg. La surveillance de l'exposition au chrome hexavalent (CrVI) en milieu professionnel est proposée par le dosage du chrome urinaire total ou du chrome sanguin en ICP-MS équipée d'une cellule de collision en mode hélium. Sachant que plus de 80% du CrVIs'élimine dans les urines en chrome trivalent (CrIII), le chrome total urinaire reste un bon indicateur de l'exposition récente mais une partie correspond au CrIII, élément essentiel dans l'organisme. Pour le suivi de l'exposition professionnelle à l'arsenic, cancérogène de catégorie 1, il est indispensable de séparer l'arsenic d'origine alimentaire comme l'arsénobétaine des autres formes toxiques de l'arsenic. Une nouvelle méthode de spéciation est décrite en CLHP/ICP-MS sur une colonne ionique G3288-800000 (4,6×250 mm, Agilent Technologies). Après injection directe d'un volume de 5 $\mu $L d'urine, la séparation des différentes formes : AsIII, AsV, acide monométhyl arsonique, acide diméthyl arsinique et arsénobétaine est réalisée. Cette séparation en 12 minutes avec une limite de détection de 0,8 $\mu $g/L pour chacune des espèces a été mise en place dans notre laboratoire pour une application en milieu professionnel.
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- 2007
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67. Analyse des herbicides phénoxyacides par chromatographie en phase liquide : 1eressai inter-laboratoires
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Turcant, Alain, Dehon, Betty, Ganière-Monteil, Catherine, Dulaurent, Sylvain, Moulsma, Moustapha, Charlier, Corinne, Turcant, Alain, Dehon, Betty, Ganière-Monteil, Catherine, Dulaurent, Sylvain, Moulsma, Moustapha, and Charlier, Corinne
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Afin de documenter au mieux, par des dosages plasmatiques, les cas d'intoxication par les herbicides phénoxyacides, six laboratoires ont évalué diverses approches analytiques de type CLHP après purification par simple précipitation des protéines plasmatiques par l'acétonitrile ou après extraction liquide-liquide en milieu acide ou encore après extraction liquide-solide. Un essai comparatif concernant 4 plasmas surchargés et 4 cas réels d'intoxication a montré une variabilité correcte avec un CV la plupart du temps inférieur à 20%. L'extraction liquide-solide, non totalement satisfaisante dans cet essai, nécessite une investigation plus poussée tandis que la simple précipitation protéique apporte une bonne rapidité de préparation des échantillons et une sensibilité suffisante pour la majorité des cas d'intoxication aiguë. L'extraction liquide-liquide permet une meilleure sensibilité, notamment avec une détection par spectrométrie de masse en tandem et rend cette approche applicable aux cas d'intoxication faible voire aux expositions professionnelles.
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- 2006
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68. Prévalence de la consommation de produits modifiant la vigilance chez des transporteurs routiers dans la Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais
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Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Lhermitte, Michel, "Toxicomanie et Travail", le groupe régional, Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Lhermitte, Michel, and "Toxicomanie et Travail", le groupe régional
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En 1995, une enquête avait montré que le nombre de consommateurs de substances modifiant la vigilance était significativement plus important chez les salariés occupant un poste de sûreté/sécurité que dans le reste de la population active. Pour vérifier si cette tendance se poursuit, une nouvelle étude multicentrique pour la branche professionnelle des transporteurs routiers a été réalisée en 2003-2004 dans la Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Cette étude avait pour but de permettre une harmonisation des pratiques professionnelles des médecins du travail en proposant une politique de prévention et de dépistage, en validant les techniques à utiliser et la conduite à tenir en cas de dépistage positif. Dans cette étude, mille chauffeurs routiers sont inclus. On réalise un dépistage urinaire par des tests immunologiques de la méthadone, des benzodiazépines, de la cocaïne, des amphétamines, des opiacés, des cannabinoïdes et de la buprénorphine. L'éthanol est dosé dans les urines par méthode enzymatique. Tous les dépistages positifs sont confirmés par une technique de chromatographie couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Les résultats exprimés en pourcentage de positifs sont les suivants : opiacés (4,1 %), cannabinoïdes (8,5 %), cocaïne (0,1 %), amphétamines (0,3 %), buprénorphine ( 1,8 %), méthadone (0,5 %), benzodiazépines (0,4 %) et alcool (5 %). Seul dans un cas, la 6-monoacétylmorphine a été identifiée dans des urines positives en opiacés. Les autres opiacés étaient pour la majorité des antitussifs. Le faible nombre de résultats positifs pour les benzodiazépines dans cette étude peut s'expliquer par la sensibilité et la spécificité du test rapide utilisé. Ces résultats confirment ceux de l'étude de 1995 pour la consommation de cannabis et d'alcool chez des travailleurs affectés à des postes de sûreté/sécurité. Les pourcentages de dépistages positifs aux traitements de substitution (méthadone et buprénorphine) sont élevés, huit fois plus que dans la population active. Au regard de ces résultats, il semble intéressant de pouvoir étendre l'étude à la consommation des autres classes de médicaments psychoactifs, en utilisant une méthode de screening plus large comme la chromatographie liquide haute performance couplée à la spectrométrie de masse.
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- 2004
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69. Impact of Parallelism and Memory Architecture on FPGA Communication Energy
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Kadric, Edin, Lakata, David, and Dehon, André
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The energy in FPGA computations is dominated by data communication energy, either in the form of memory references or data movement on interconnect. In this article, we explore how to use data placement and parallelism to reduce communication energy. We show that parallelism can reduce energy and that the optimal level of parallelism increases with the problem size. We further explore how FPGA memory architecture (memory block size(s), memory banking, and spacing between memory banks) can impact communication energy, and determine how to organize the memory architecture to guarantee that the energy overhead compared to the optimally matched architecture for the design is never more than 60. We specifically show that an architecture with 32 bit wide, 16Kb internally banked memories placed every 8 columns of 10 4-LUT logic blocks is within 61 of the optimally matched architecture across the VTR 7 benchmark set and a set of parallelism-tunable benchmarks. Without internal banking, the worst-case overhead is 98, achieved with an architecture with 32 bit wide, 8Kb memories placed every 9 columns, roughly comparable to the memory organization on the Cyclone V (where memories are placed about every 10 columns). Monolithic 32 bit wide, 16Kb memories placed every 10 columns (comparable to 18Kb and 20Kb memories used in Virtex 4 and Stratix V FPGAs) have a 180 worst-case energy overhead. Furthermore, we show practical cases where designs mapped for optimal parallelism use 4.7 × less energy than designs using a single processing element.
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- 2016
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70. Dosage de métaux par ICP-MS dans différents milieux biologiques
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Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Dhorne, Christine, Lhermitte, Michel, Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Dhorne, Christine, and Lhermitte, Michel
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Le plasma à couplage inductif relié à la spectrométrie de masse (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry ou ICP-MS) associé à une préparation rapide de l'échantillon permet le dosage de nombreux métaux dans les milieux biologiques. Les dosages de plomb dans le sang total, de sélénium, de cadmium et de manganèse dans le sérum, et de plomb, de cadmium, de manganèse et de nickel dans l'urine sont réalisés en ICP-MS (Agilent 7500a). Tous les prélèvements sont dilués dans une solution acide contenant de l'acide nitrique à 1 %, du triton X et du butanol-1 en pourcentages variés. Pour chaque élément étudié, les courbes de calibration permettent de décrire des relations linéaires (r2> 0,99). Les répétabilités et les fidélités intermédiaires sont toutes satisfaisantes avec des coefficients de variation compris entre 1,09 % pour le plomb dans les urines et 4,22 % pour le manganèse dans le sérum. Les limites de détection vont de 0,01 μg/L pour le cadmium dans les urines à 0,14 μg/100 ml pour le plomb dans le sang total. Les différentes méthodes décrites sont précises et ont été appliquées avec succès à différents milieux biologiques de référence. L'ensemble de ces résultats montre que des techniques rapides de préparation de l'échantillon comme de simples dilutions isotopiques, couplées à l'ICP-MS peuvent être utilisées en routine pour le dosage spécifique de certains métaux comme le plomb, le sélénium, le cadmium, le manganèse ou le nickel. Ce sont des méthodes précises et qui apparaissent plus sensibles que les techniques en spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique classiquement utilisées pour ces dosages. Ces méthodes sont également tout à fait utilisables avec des dilutions d'échantillons plus importantes, dans les cas d'intoxications mettant en jeu des concentrations plus élevées. Avec de telles méthodes, l'ICP-MS devient un outil performant dans les différents domaines de la toxicologie.
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- 2003
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71. Outcome of permanent vascular access for haemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease in Cameroon: results from the pilot experience of the Douala general hospital
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Ngatchou, William, Ngbwa Evina, Achille, Halle, Marie Patrice, Massom, Annie, Ekane, Samuel, Basile, Essola, Origer, Pierre, Haquebard, Jean Pierre, Olinga Olinga, Alain, Jansens, Jean Luc, Watel, Alain, Lecain, Antoine, Bol Alima, Maimouna, Van Uytvanck, Alexandra, Segers, Bernard, Haentjens, Lionel, Berre, Jacques, Bal, Ousmane, Preumont, Nicolas, Kana, Justin, Kamdem, Félicité, Hentchoya, Romuald, Etori, Pauline, Ndofor, Brown, Ngote, Henri, Kasum, Adamo, Coulibaly, Aminata, Doualla, Marie Solange, Luma, Henry, Cogan, Elie, Lebrun, Eric, Gamela, Gauthier, Germay, Olivier, Mouelle, Albert, Belley Priso, Eugène, Dzudie, Anastase, Lemogoum, Daniel, and Dehon, Philippe
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AbstractBackgroundChronic Kidney disease is a major health problem in the world. Native arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) is well established as the best vascular access for haemodialysis. Little is known about the outcome of AVF in sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to analyze the outcome of patients undergoing AVF creation during the pilot program established at the Douala general hospital (DGH).MethodThis was hospital-based, longitudinal study with a retrospective phase (April 2010–January 2014) and a prospective phase (January 2014–April 2014). All consecutive patients operated for AVF creation were included in this study. Socio-demographics data, functionality, and complications were analyzed.ResultsEighty-one patients including 52 men were enrolled in this study (49 prospectively and 32 retrospectively). The mean age was 52, 3 years (range 18–81 years). Hypertension (66, 7%), diabetes (17, 3%), and HIV (8, 6%) were the most observed co-morbidities. About 96.3% of AVF were native and 3.7% were prosthetic graft. Radiocephalic AVF was performed at a rate of 77.8%. The primary function rate was 97.7% and the mean follow-up period 43.4 weeks. The overall rate of complications was 44.4% of whom 30.5% were early, 30.5% secondary, and 39% lasted. The treatment of these complications was conservative in 48.7% of cases.ConclusionsThe results of the pilot program of AVF creation at the DGH are encouraging. However, the sustainability of this project requires human capacity building.
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- 2016
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72. Use of Emergency Medicine Milestones as Items on End-of-Shift Evaluations Results in Overestimates of Residents' Proficiency Level
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Dehon, Erin, Jones, Jonathan, Puskarich, Michael, Sandifer, John Petty, and Sikes, Kristina
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AbstractBackgroundThe emergency medicine milestones were developed to provide more objective resident assessment than current methods. However, little is known about the best practices for applying the milestones in resident assessment.ObjectiveWe examined the utility of end-of-shift evaluations (ESEs) constructed using the milestones in resident assessment.MethodsWe developed 14 daily ESEs, each of which included 9 or 10 emergency medicine milestones. Postgraduate year (PGY)-1 and PGY-2 residents were assessed on milestone levels 1 through 3; PGY-3 and PGY-4 residents were assessed on levels 3 through 5. Each milestone was rated on a nominal scale (yes, no, or not applicable). The Clinical Competency Committee combined the ESE data with data from other assessments to determine each resident's proficiency level for the emergency medicine subcompetencies. We used descriptive statistics to summarize resident ESEs and milestone levels. We analyzed differences in ESE score across PGY levels using ttests and analyses of variance.ResultsFaculty completed 763 ESEs on 33 residents with a range of 2 to 54 (median = 22) ESEs per resident. Faculty rarely (8, 372 of 4633) rated a resident as not achieving a milestone on the ESEs. Analyses of variance revealed that ESE scores on level 3 milestones did not differ significantly by PGY level. There was poor agreement between ESE scores and Clinical Competency Committee ratings.ConclusionsThe ESEs constructed using the milestones resulted in grade or milestone inflation. Our results do not support using milestones as a stand-alone assessment tool.
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- 2015
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73. Le Roman chez les auteurs francophones d'origine subsaharienne (2001-2006).
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Dehon, Claire L.
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AFRICAN literature (French) ,SUB-Saharan African civilization ,AFRICAN diaspora ,AFRICAN authors ,EXILE (Punishment) ,LITERATURE & globalization ,AFRICAN literature -- History & criticism - Abstract
The author explores novels by authors from Sub-Saharan Africa published between 2001 and 2006. Particular focus is given to the globalization of literature, to the role of authors living outside of their homeland, and the diaspora in literature. Reasons for exile are presented and include political, professional, and personal reasons. The works of authors including Véronique Tadjo, Désiré Tohouri, and Ahmadou Kourouma are explored. Differences between the writings of novelists living in Africa and those living in exile are also examined.
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- 2008
74. Le Roman francophone en Afrique subsaharienne (1995-2000).
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Dehon, Claire L.
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- 2005
75. Indocyanine green fluoroscopy and liver transplantation: a new technique for the intraoperative assessment of bile duct vascularization
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Coubeau, Laurent, Frezin, Julie, Dehon, Romain, Lerut, Jan, and Reding, Raymond
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- 2017
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76. Area-Efficient Near-Associative Memories on FPGAs
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Dhawan, Udit and Dehon, André
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Associative memories can map sparsely used keys to values with low latency but can incur heavy area overheads. The lack of customized hardware for associative memories in today’s mainstream FPGAs exacerbates the overhead cost of building these memories using the fixed address match BRAMs. In this article, we develop a new, FPGA-friendly, memory system architecture based on a multiple hash scheme that is able to achieve near-associative performance without the area-delay overheads of a fully associative memory on FPGAs. At the same time, we develop a novel memory management algorithm that allows us to statistically mimic an associative memory. Using the proposed architecture as a 64KB L1 data cache, we show that it is able to achieve near-associative miss rates while consuming 3--13 × fewer FPGA memory resources for a set of benchmark programs from the SPEC CPU2006 suite than fully associative memories generated by the Xilinx Coregen tool. Benefits for our architecture increase with key width, allowing area reduction up to 100 ×. Mapping delay is also reduced to 3.7ns for a 1,024-entry flat version or 6.1ns for an area-efficient version compared to 17.6ns for a fully associative memory for a 64-bit key on a Xilinx Virtex 6 device.
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- 2015
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77. GROK-LAB
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Gojman, Benjamin, Nalmela, Sirisha, Mehta, Nikil, Howarth, Nicholas, and Dehon, André
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Timing Extraction identifies the delay of fine-grained components within an FPGA. From these computed delays, the delay of any path can be calculated. Moreover, a comparison of the fine-grained delays allows a detailed understanding of the amount and type of process variation that exists in the FPGA. To obtain these delays, Timing Extraction measures, using only resources already available in the FPGA, the delay of a small subset of the total paths in the FPGA. We apply Timing Extraction to the Logic Array Block (LAB) on an Altera Cyclone III FPGA to obtain a view of the delay down to near-individual LUT SRAM cell granularity, characterizing components with delays on the order of tens to a few hundred picoseconds with a resolution of ±3.2ps, matching the expected error bounds. This information reveals that the 65nm process used has, on average, random variation of σ μ =4.0% with components having an average maximum spread of 83ps. Timing Extraction also shows that as V
DD decreases from 1.2V to 0.9V in a Cyclone IV 60nm FPGA, paths slow down, and variation increases from σ μ =4.3% to σ μ =5.8%, a clear indication that lowering VDD magnifies the impact of random variation.- Published
- 2015
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78. Mycoplasma genitaliumInfection Is Associated with Microscopic Signs of Cervical Inflammation in Liquid Cytology Specimens
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Dehon, Patricia M. and McGowin, Chris L.
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ABSTRACTCervicitis is a common clinical finding often attributed to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but no etiologic agent is identified in the majority of cases. In this study, we comparatively assessed inflammation among the common infectious etiologies of cervicitis and assessed the potential value of liquid cytology specimens for predicting STIs. Among 473 Louisiana women at low risk for acquiring STIs, the prevalences of Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalisin liquid-based cytology specimens were 1.5, 2.1, 0.6, and 4.4%, respectively. N. gonorrhoeaeand human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18) infections were significantly more common among subjects infected with M. genitalium. Using direct microscopy, we observed significant increases in leukocyte infiltrates among subjects with monoinfections with M. genitaliumor C. trachomatiscompared to women with no detectable STIs. Inflammation was highest among subjects with M. genitalium. Using a threshold of =2 leukocytes per epithelial cell per high-powered field, the positive predictive values for M. genitalium, C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and T. vaginaliswere 100, 70, 67, and 20%, respectively. Several novel M. genitaliumgenotypes were identified, all of which were predicted to be susceptible to macrolide antibiotics, suggesting that different strains may circulate among low-risk women and that macrolide resistance is substantially lower than in high-risk populations. This study highlights the capacity of M. genitaliumto elicit cervical inflammation and, considering the strong epidemiologic associations between M. genitaliumand human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), provides a potential mechanism for acquisition and shedding of HIV via chronic leukocyte recruitment to the cervical mucosa.
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- 2014
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79. Preliminary Design of the SAFE Platform
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Morrisett, Greg Gregory, DeHon, André, Karel, Ben, Malecha, Gregory Michael, Montagu, Benoît, Morisset, Robin, Pierce, Benjamin C., Pollack, Randy, Ray, Sumit, Shivers, Olin, Smith, Jonathan M., Sullivan, Gregory, and Knight, Thomas F., Jr.
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SAFE is a clean-slate design for a secure host architecture. It integrates advances in programming languages, operating systems, and hardware and incorporates formal methods at every step. Though the project is still at an early stage, we have assembled a set of basic architectural choices that we believe will yield a high-assurance system. We sketch the current state of the design and discuss several of these choices., Engineering and Applied Sciences, Accepted Manuscript
- Published
- 2011
80. Lateralized processing of false memories and pseudoneglect in aging
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Schmitz, Rémy, Dehon, Hedwige, and Peigneux, Philippe
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Aging is associated with higher propensity to false memories and decreased retrieval of previously studied items. When young adults (YA) perform on a lateralized version of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm, the right cerebral hemisphere (RH) is more sensitive than the left (LH) to false memories, suggesting hemispheric imbalance in the cerebral mechanisms supporting semantic and episodic memory processes. Since cerebral asymmetries tend to be reduced with age, we surmised that behavioral asymmetries in the generation of false memories would be diminished with aging. To probe this hypothesis, a lateralized version of the DRM paradigm was administered to healthy older adults (OA) and YA. During the encoding phase, lists of semantically associated words were memorized. During the retrieval session, targets (previously seen words), lures (LU) (never seen strongly semantically related words) and distracters (never seen, unrelated words) were briefly displayed either in the left or right visual fields, thus primarily stimulating the RH or LH, respectively. Participants had to decide whether the word was previously studied (Old/New), but also whether they had a strong episodic recollection (Remember) or a mere feeling of familiarity (Know) about Old words. In line with our predictions, false memories were globally higher in OA than YA, and vivid false recollections (i.e., Remember responses) were higher when LU were presented in the RH in YA, but not in OA. Additionally, we found significant correlations between YA participants’ Familiarity scores and leftward attentional bias as previously evidenced using a visuospatial landmark task (Schmitz and Peigneux, 2011), an effect not present in OA. This result is in line with the hypothesis of an interplay between attentional resources allocated to visuospatial and memory processes, suggesting a memory pseudoneglectphenomenon that would be altered with aging.
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- 2013
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81. Lettre à la rédaction : Diagnostic de l'intoxication aiguë par les insecticides organophosphorés basé sur la détermination de l'activité cholinestérasique
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Turcant, Alain, Dehon, Betty, Ganiere-Monteil, Catherine, Dulaurent, Sylvain, Delaroche, Odile, Lamiable, Denis, Moulsma, Mustapha, Olichon, Didier, Capolaghf, Bernard, Charlier, Corinne, Turcant, Alain, Dehon, Betty, Ganiere-Monteil, Catherine, Dulaurent, Sylvain, Delaroche, Odile, Lamiable, Denis, Moulsma, Mustapha, Olichon, Didier, Capolaghf, Bernard, and Charlier, Corinne
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- 2005
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82. Choose-your-own-adventure routing
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Rubin, Raphael and Dehon, André
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Aggressive scaling increases the number of devices we can integrate per square millimeter but makes it increasingly difficult to guarantee that each device fabricated has the intended operational characteristics. Without careful mitigation, component yield rates will fall, potentially negating the economic benefits of scaling. The fine-grained reconfigurability inherent in FPGAs is a powerful tool that can allow us to drop the stringent requirement that every device be fabricated perfectly in order for a component to be useful. To exploit inherent FPGA reconfigurability while avoiding full CAD mapping, we propose lightweight techniques compatible with the current single bitstream model that can avoid defective devices, reducing yield loss at high defect rates. In particular, by embedding testing operations and alternative path configurations into the bitstream, each FPGA can avoid defects by making only simple, greedy decisions at bitstream load time. With 20% additional tracks above the minimum routable channel width, routes can tolerate 0.01% switch and wire defect rates, raising yield from essentially 0% to near 100%.
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- 2011
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83. Kinetic control in the cleavage of unsymmetrical disilanes.
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Hevesi, Laszlo and Dehon, Michael
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- 1997
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84. Multivariate Outlier Detection in Stata
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Verardi, Vincenzo and Dehon, Catherine
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Before implementing any multivariate statistical analysis based on empirical covariance matrices, it is important to check whether outliers are present because their existence could induce significant biases. In this article, we present the minimum covariance determinant estimator, which is commonly used in robust statistics to estimate location parameters and multivariate scales. These estimators can be used to robustify Mahalanobis distances and to identify outliers. Verardi and Croux (1999, Stata Journal9: 439–453; 2010, Stata Journal10: 313) programmed this estimator in Stata and made it available with the mcd command. The implemented algorithm is relatively fast and, as we show in the simulation example section, outperforms the methods already available in Stata, such as the Hadi method.
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- 2010
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85. Arteriovenous Fistula Closure After Renal Transplantation A Prospective Study With 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
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Unger, Philippe, Xhaët, Olivier, Wissing, Karl Martin, Najem, Boutaina, Dehon, Philippe, and van de Borne, Philippe
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We prospectively evaluated the effects of arteriovenous fistula closure on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements and on left ventricular geometry assessed by echocardiography. Sixteen kidney transplant recipients were studied before and 1 month after surgical fistula closure. The mean of 24-hour diastolic blood pressure increased from 77±7 mmHg to 82±8 mmHg (P0.003) without systolic changes. The diastolic blood pressure increase correlated with the reduction in left ventricular mass (P0.0034). In multivariate analysis, the diastolic blood pressure increase best correlated with preoperative cardiac index (P0.01). After a similar time delay between two studies, blood pressure remained unchanged in 14 kidney transplant controls with a patent fistula not scheduled for closure. Because the increase in diastolic blood pressure after arteriovenous fistula closure occurred regardless of the preoperative level of diastolic pressure, we suggest that blood pressure should be monitored after fistula closure, particularly when preoperative diastolic blood pressure is borderline or elevated.
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- 2008
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86. Determination of urinary metabolites of glycol ethers by gas chromatography mass spectrometry
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Labat, Laurence, Humbert, Luc, Dehon, Betty, Multigner, Luc, Garlantezec, Ronan, Nisse, Catherine, and Lhermitte, Michel
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Introduction: Glycol ethers are solvents that are present in a large number of products used commercially and domestically. Reprotoxic properties of some of them are associated with the formation of urinary metabolites. Biological monitoring of these alkoxycarboxylic acids in urine is useful in monitoring occupational or environmental exposures. We present a new method developed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods: Detection is realised in negative ionization mode with methane in full scan acquisition between 85 and 152?m/z. This method provides a procedure for the simultaneous urine analysis of eight acids: methoxyacetic (MAA), methoxy-ethoxyacetic (MEAA), ethoxyacetic (EAA), ethoxy-ethoxyacetic (EEAA), 2-butoxyacetic (2-BAA), propoxyacetic (PrAA), phenoxyacetic (PhAA) and methoxypropionic (MPA) acids. Results: The method is linear (r2>?0.99) from 0.05 to 2 mg/L for MAA, MEAA, EAA, EEAA, PrAA and MPA and from 0.01 to 2 mg/L for 2-BAA and PhAA. The limits of detection of the first six metabolites are 0.01 mg/L and 0.001 mg/L for 2-BAA and PhAA. Repeatability and intermediate fidelity for the eight metabolites for an urinary concentration of 0.5 mg/L are less than 10%. First results of a biomonitoring pilot study of INSERM Unit 625 are described. Conclusion: This study is an evaluation of exposure to glycol ethers during pregnancy in the general population. The results of this preliminary study show that GC-MS method developed is specific and sensible enough for the evaluation of glycol ethers exposures at low levels in the general population. Objectif?: Les ?thers de glycol sont utilis?s dans de nombreuses pr?parations ? usage professionnel ou domestique, en particulier en tant que solvant. Les propri?t?s reprotoxiques de certains sont principalement li?es ? leur biotransformation dans l'organisme. Les m?tabolites acides sont ?limin?s par voie urinaire, ce qui en fait des indicateurs int?ressants pour la surveillance en milieu professionnel ou en sant? environnementale. Nous pr?sentons une nouvelle m?thode de dosage en chromatographie phase gazeuse coupl?e ? la spectrom?trie de masse (GC-MS). M?thodes?: La d?tection se fait en mode d'ionisation chimique n?gative avec du m?thane comme gaz r?actant et l'acquisition est r?alis?e en mode full scan de 85 ? 152?m/z. Cette m?thode permet une surveillance biologique par le dosage simultan? de huit?m?tabolites urinaires?: les acides m?thoxyac?tique (MAA), m?thoxy-?thoxyac?tique (MEAA), ?thoxyac?tique (EAA), ?thoxy-?thoxyac?tique (EEAA), 2-butoxyac?tique (2-BAA), propoxyac?tique (PrAA), ph?noxyac?tique (PhAA) et m?thoxypropionique (MPA). R?sultats?: La m?thode est lin?aire de 0,05 ? 2?mg/L pour MAA, MEAA, EAA, EEAA, PrAA et MPA et de 0,01 ? 2?mg/L pour 2-BAA et PhAA avec des coefficients de r?gression sup?rieurs ? 0,99 pour chacun des m?tabolites. Les limites de d?tection sont de 0,01?mg/L pour les six premiers m?tabolites et de 0,001?mg/L pour 2-BAA et PhAA. Les r?p?tabilit?s et les fid?lit?s interm?diaires d?termin?es pour les huit?m?tabolites pour une concentration de 0,5?mg/L sont inf?rieures ? 10?%. Les premiers r?sultats d'une ?tude pilote (?tude INSERM) permettant une estimation de l'exposition aux ?thers de glycols dans une population de femmes enceintes sont pr?sent?s. Conclusion?: Ces r?sultats montrent que notre m?thode de dosage en GC-MS est suffisamment sp?cifique et sensible pour permettre la surveillance de personnes expos?es ? de faibles niveaux en milieu professionnel ou environnemental.
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- 2008
87. Mercury determination in blood, urine and hair following mercuric oxycyanide poisoning
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Klinzig, Florian, Labat, Laurence, Olichon, Didier, Nisse, Patrick, Dhorne, Christine, Dehon, Betty, and Lhermitte, Michel
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Case report: A 53-year old pharmacist is admitted to hospital after poisoning with a magistral formulation containing mercuric oxycyanide. The initial treatment consists of the administration of hydroxocobalamine and dimercaprol (BAL), followed by a blood purifying treatment, hemodialysis, then dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and hemoperfusion. Material and methods: Mercury is quantified using cold vapor - atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) in blood and ICP-MS in urine. The mercury concentrations, determined in blood and urine 24?hours after ingestion were respectively 3087??g/L (reference value < 5??g/L) and 9573?? g/g creatinin (reference value < 3??g/g). Mercury was quantified in blood and urine during 52 days of hospitalisation to follow its excretion and treatments efficiency. A mercury quantification is carried out using ICP-MS on two locks of hair collected two months after ingestion. Hair specimen (6?cm) was cut into six equal lengths. Results and discussion: Mercury concentrations range from 4.6 to 41.2 ng/mg (reference value < 1?ng/mg). These high concentrations could be explained by a contamination of the hair by sebum. Cas clinique?: Un pharmacien de 53 ans est admis ? l'h?pital apr?s l'ingestion volontaire d'une pr?paration magistrale ? base d'oxycyanure de mercure. La prise en charge initiale consiste en l'administration d'hydroxocobalamine et de dimercaprol (BAL), suivi d'un traitement ?purateur par h?modialyses, puis acide dimercaptosuccinique (DMSA) et h?moperfusion. Mat?riel et m?thodes?: Le mercure sanguin est dos? par la m?thode des vapeurs froides en spectrom?trie d'absorption atomique (Cold Vapour - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ou CV-AAS) et le mercure urinaire est dos? en spectrom?trie d'?mission en plasma induit coupl?e ? la spectrom?trie de masse (Inductively Coupled Plasma ? Mass Spectrometry ou ICP-MS). R?sultats et conclusion?: Les concentrations sanguines et urinaires mesur?es 24?heures apr?s l'ingestion sont respectivement de 3087??g/L (normales < 5??g/L ) et de 9573??g/g de cr?atinine (normales < 3??g/g ). Des dosages r?guliers de mercure dans le sang et l'urine ont permis de contr?ler l'?limination du toxique et l'efficacit? des traitements. Ce suivi est r?alis? durant les 52 jours d'hospitalisation. Afin d'?valuer l'impr?gnation de l'organisme en mercure, un dosage du mercure dans les cheveux est effectu? en ICP-MS sur deux m?ches de 6 cm pr?lev?es deux mois apr?s l'ingestion. Ces concentrations en mercure mesur?es sur six segments de 1 cm, sont comprises entre 4,6 et 41,2?ng/mg (normales < 1?ng/mg). Ces concentrations ?lev?es ?voquent une contamination du cheveu par le s?bum.
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- 2008
88. Radial addressing of nanowires
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Savage, John E., Rachlin, Eric, DeHon, André, Lieber, Charles M., and Wu, Yue
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We introduce radial encoding of nanowires (NWs), a new method of differentiating and controlling NWs by a small set of mesoscale wires for use in crossbar memories. We describe methods of controlling these NWs and give efficient manufacturing algorithms. These new encoding and decoding methods do not suffer from the misalignment characteristic of flow-aligned NWs. They achieve comparable effective pitch and resulting memory density with axially encoded NWs, while avoiding potential cases of address ambiguity and simplifying NW preparation. We also explore hybrid axial/radial encodings and show that they offer no net benefit over pure codes.
- Published
- 2006
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89. Nanowire-based programmable architectures
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Dehon, André
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Chemists can now construct wires which are just a few atoms in diameter; these wires can be selectively field-effect gated, and wire crossings can act as diodes with programmable resistance. These new capabilities present both opportunities and challenges for constructing nanoscale computing systems. The tiny feature sizes offer a path to economically scale down to atomic dimensions. However, the associated bottom-up synthesis techniques only produce highly regular structures and come with high defect rates and minimal control during assembly. To exploit these technologies, we develop nanowire-based architectures which can bridge between lithographic and atomic-scale feature sizes and tolerate defective and stochastic assembly of regular arrays to deliver high density universal computing devices. Using 10nm pitch nanowires, these nanowire-based programmable architectures offer one to two orders of magnitude greater mapped-logic density than defect-free lithographic FPGAs at 22nm.
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- 2005
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90. Jonge doctorandi stellen hun onderzoeksdomein voor
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DEHON, P., LAGAE, E., GEENENS, R., and DE SCHUTTER, H.
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- 2004
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91. Use of compounds altering vigilance performance : results of prevalence in haulage drivers in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region
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Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Lhermitte, Michel, and "Toxicomanie et Travail", le groupe r?gional
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En 1995, une enqu?te avait montr? que le nombre de consommateurs de substances modifiant la vigilance ?tait significativement plus important chez les salari?s occupant un poste de s?ret?/s?curit? que dans le reste de la population active. Pour v?rifier si cette tendance se poursuit, une nouvelle ?tude multicentrique pour la branche professionnelle des transporteurs routiers a ?t? r?alis?e en 2003-2004 dans la R?gion Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Cette ?tude avait pour but de permettre une harmonisation des pratiques professionnelles des m?decins du travail en proposant une politique de pr?vention et de d?pistage, en validant les techniques ? utiliser et la conduite ? tenir en cas de d?pistage positif. Dans cette ?tude, mille chauffeurs routiers sont inclus. On r?alise un d?pistage urinaire par des tests immunologiques de la m?thadone, des benzodiaz?pines, de la coca?ne, des amph?tamines, des opiac?s, des cannabino?des et de la bupr?norphine. L'?thanol est dos? dans les urines par m?thode enzymatique. Tous les d?pistages positifs sont confirm?s par une technique de chromatographie coupl?e ? la spectrom?trie de masse. Les r?sultats exprim?s en pourcentage de positifs sont les suivants : opiac?s (4,1 %), cannabino?des (8,5 %), coca?ne (0,1 %), amph?tamines (0,3 %), bupr?norphine ( 1,8 %), m?thadone (0,5 %), benzodiaz?pines (0,4 %) et alcool (5 %). Seul dans un cas, la 6-monoac?tylmorphine a ?t? identifi?e dans des urines positives en opiac?s. Les autres opiac?s ?taient pour la majorit? des antitussifs. Le faible nombre de r?sultats positifs pour les benzodiaz?pines dans cette ?tude peut s'expliquer par la sensibilit? et la sp?cificit? du test rapide utilis?. Ces r?sultats confirment ceux de l'?tude de 1995 pour la consommation de cannabis et d'alcool chez des travailleurs affect?s ? des postes de s?ret?/s?curit?. Les pourcentages de d?pistages positifs aux traitements de substitution (m?thadone et bupr?norphine) sont ?lev?s, huit fois plus que dans la population active. Au regard de ces r?sultats, il semble int?ressant de pouvoir ?tendre l'?tude ? la consommation des autres classes de m?dicaments psychoactifs, en utilisant une m?thode de screening plus large comme la chromatographie liquide haute performance coupl?e ? la spectrom?trie de masse.A previous study conducted in 1995 showed that psychoactive drugs intake was higher in safety/security workstations than in the rest of the labour force. In order to verify if this tendency is always the same, we conducted a new study in 2003-2004 in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, restricted to haulage drivers. The aim of this study was to allow to harmonize the professional practice of the occupational physicians, proposing drug prevention and drug testing policies, validating the analytical methods and the guidelines in case of positive testing results. One thousand haulage drivers were studied. Urine were tested for amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, opiates, benzodiazepines, buprenorphine and methadone by immunoanalysis. Urine ethanol determinations were performed by ADH method. Positive urines were then tested by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Out of the 1000 drivers, cannabinoids were detected in 85 cases, opiates in 41 cases, amphetamines in 3 cases and cocaine in only 1 case. Buprenorphine was detected in 18 cases, methadone in 5 cases and benzodiazepines in 4 cases. Urine ethanol was positive in 50 cases. We found only one case with 6-monoacetylmorphine. Other positive opiates were determined as cough mixtures. The few cases of benzodiazepines positive urines could be explained by the sensitivity and the specificity of the test we used. All these results strength those of the previous study for cannabis and ethanol in safety/security workstations. Positive results for methadone and buprenorphine are 8 times higher than in the general population. In conclusion, the authors think that it will be of a great interest to test urine of drivers for other classes of psychoactive drugs, using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method.
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- 2004
92. Scalability Simulations for Nanomemory Systems Integrated on the Molecular Scale
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ZIEGLER, MATTHEW M., PICCONATTO, CARL A., ELLENBOGEN, JAMES C., DEHON, ANDRÉ, WANG, DELI, ZHONG, ZHAOHUI, and LIEBER, CHARLES M.
- Abstract
Simulations were performed to assess the prospective performance of a 16 Kbit nanowire-based electronic nanomemory system. Commercial off-the-shelf microcomputer system modeling software was applied to evaluate the operation of an ultra-dense storage array. This array consists of demonstrated experimental non-volatile nanowire diode switches, plus encoder-decoder structures consisting of demonstrated experimental nanowire-based nanotransistors, with nanowire interconnects among all the switching devices. The results of these simulations suggest that a nanomemory of this type can be operated successfully at a density of 1011bitscm2. Furthermore, modest device alterations and system design alternatives are suggested that might improve the performance and the scalability of the nanomemory array. These simulations represent early steps toward the development of a simulation-based methodology to guide nanoelectronic system design in a manner analogous to the way such methodologies are used to guide microelectronic system design in the silicon industry.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. Metals determination in biological fluids by ICP-MS
- Author
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Labat, Laurence, Dehon, Betty, Dhorne, Christine, and Lhermitte, Michel
- Abstract
Le plasma ? couplage inductif reli? ? la spectrom?trie de masse (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry ou ICP-MS) associ? ? une pr?paration rapide de l'?chantillon permet le dosage de nombreux m?taux dans les milieux biologiques. Les dosages de plomb dans le sang total, de s?l?nium, de cadmium et de mangan?se dans le s?rum, et de plomb, de cadmium, de mangan?se et de nickel dans l'urine sont r?alis?s en ICP-MS (Agilent 7500a). Tous les pr?l?vements sont dilu?s dans une solution acide contenant de l'acide nitrique ? 1 %, du triton X et du butanol-1 en pourcentages vari?s. Pour chaque ?l?ment ?tudi?, les courbes de calibration permettent de d?crire des relations lin?aires (r2> 0,99). Les r?p?tabilit?s et les fid?lit?s interm?diaires sont toutes satisfaisantes avec des coefficients de variation compris entre 1,09 % pour le plomb dans les urines et 4,22 % pour le mangan?se dans le s?rum. Les limites de d?tection vont de 0,01 ?g/L pour le cadmium dans les urines ? 0,14 ?g/100 ml pour le plomb dans le sang total. Les diff?rentes m?thodes d?crites sont pr?cises et ont ?t? appliqu?es avec succ?s ? diff?rents milieux biologiques de r?f?rence. L'ensemble de ces r?sultats montre que des techniques rapides de pr?paration de l'?chantillon comme de simples dilutions isotopiques, coupl?es ? l'ICP-MS peuvent ?tre utilis?es en routine pour le dosage sp?cifique de certains m?taux comme le plomb, le s?l?nium, le cadmium, le mangan?se ou le nickel. Ce sont des m?thodes pr?cises et qui apparaissent plus sensibles que les techniques en spectrophotom?trie d'absorption atomique classiquement utilis?es pour ces dosages. Ces m?thodes sont ?galement tout ? fait utilisables avec des dilutions d'?chantillons plus importantes, dans les cas d'intoxications mettant en jeu des concentrations plus ?lev?es. Avec de telles m?thodes, l'ICP-MS devient un outil performant dans les diff?rents domaines de la toxicologie.Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with fast sample preparative procedure allows determination of numerous metals in biological fluids. Determinations of lead in whole blood, selenium, cadmium, manganese in serum and lead, cadmium, manganese and nickel in urine are described in ICP-MS (Agilent 7500a). All the samples were diluted in acidic solution with nitric acid (1 %), triton X and butanol-1 in different proportions. For each metal, calibration curves described linear relationship (r2>0.99). Repeatabilities and intermediate fidelities are all satisfactory with RSD values between 1.09 % (for lead in urines) and 4.22 % for manganese in serum. The limits of detection are estimated to be between 0.01 ?g/L for cadmium in urine and 0.14 ?g/100 ml for lead in whole blood. We described methods with good precision and they are applied to reference materials with satisfactory. All the results suggest that a sample preparative procedure like isotopic dilution coupled with ICP-MS can be used for routine determination of metals as lead, selenium, cadmium, manganese or nickel in different matrices. These methods are precise and seem to be more sensible than absorption atomic spectrometric ones, classically used. With higher dilutions, they can be used for severe poisoning. With these methods, ICP-MS become a performing tool in different fields of toxicology.
- Published
- 2003
94. Modélisation De La Température De Surface Des Bacs Évaporométriques
- Author
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P. Dehon
- Subjects
Meteorology ,Vapor pressure ,Air temperature ,Evaporation ,Energy balance ,Environmental science ,Shortwave radiation ,Wind speed ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
A simple method is presented to estimate the surface temperature of evaporatIOn pans. The model requires the measurement of the following climatological variables: the shortwave radiation of the sun, the air temperature, the actual vapour pressure, the relative sunshine and the wind speed. The method is valid for shallow and deep pans (depth between 0.20 m and 2.0 m). The model describes also the daily development of the terms of the energy balance.
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- 1981
- Full Text
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95. Book Review: Introduction to Francophone African Literature and Themes in African Literature in French
- Author
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Dehon, Claire L.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
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96. AE—Automation and Emerging TechnologiesResistance of Concrete, Asphaltic Concrete and Mastic Asphalt to Silage Juice
- Author
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Weydert, M., Van Caenegem, L., and Dehon, P.
- Abstract
Concrete deteriorates in the presence of organic acids that are present in the fermentation juice of silage, grass or maize. The floors of bunker and tower silos show severe damages already after a few years of usage.This paper reports on an investigation of the chemical resistance of six different types of concrete, three types of asphaltic concrete and three types of mastic asphalt, which were exposed to silage juice of maize with a pH of 3·8. The results show that the replacement of cement by bitumen considerably reduces the deterioration.From an economical point of view, silo floors made of asphaltic concrete and applied in one layer prove to be the optimal solution.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Metals and hospital regulation
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Toguyeni, ?lise, Ou-Cebron, Florence, Berneron, Christophe, Dehon, Betty, and Lhermitte, Michel
- Abstract
La qualit? de l'eau distribu?e dans un ?tablissement hospitalier doit r?pondre au minimum aux normes de potabilit? d?finies par le d?cret 89-3 modifi? et la directive europ?enne 98/83/CE. Les m?taux font partie des nombreux param?tres surveill?s. Pour des usages particuliers comme l'h?modialyse, l'eau du r?seau subit divers traitements afin de la rendre conforme aux sp?cifications de la Pharmacop?e europ?enne. Les conditions de pr?l?vements, d'acheminement et de conservation des ?chantillons, avant analyse, peuvent influer sur le r?sultat final. Le dosage des principaux m?taux dans l'eau, fait surtout appel ? des m?thodes bas?es sur la spectroscopie d'absorption ou d'?mission atomique.The quality of water inside hospitable establishment system must at least, agree with standards of the modified ordinance 89-3 and the european directive for drinking water. Many parameters including the metals are supervised. For specific uses such as hemodialysis, several treatments are applied to obtain water with a quality according to specifications of european Pharmacopoeia. Before analysis, the modalities of sampling, conveyance and conservation can modify the results. Various methods, such as atomic absorption or emission spectroscopy are used for the dosage of metals in water.
- Published
- 2001
98. Metals and occupational medicine
- Author
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Dehon, Betty, Nisse, Catherine, Lhermitte, Michel, and Haguenoer, Jean-Marie
- Abstract
Le but de ce chapitre est de rapporter les risques encourus lors d'une exposition professionnelle ? diff?rents m?taux. Dans un programme de pr?vention, trois types de surveillance doivent ?tre mis en ?uvre : la surveillance de l'environnement avec les valeurs limites d'exposition (VLE et VME), la surveillance biologique de l'exposition, ?l?ment d?terminant dans la protection de l'homme dans son activit? professionnelle contre les effets adverses des m?taux et le d?pistage pr?coce des effets toxiques, condition pr?alable ? l'?valuation du risque pour la sant?.The aim of this paper is to evaluate risks encountered during professional exposure to different metals. In a preventive process, three types of surveillance are defined : the environmental management with the determination of threshold limit values (VLE and VME), the biological surveillance of the exposure which is a determinant element in the human protection from the adverse effects of metal during a professional activity and the early detection of toxic effects which is a previous condition for the estimation of the human health risk.
- Published
- 2001
99. Differential compartmentation of o-diphenols and peroxidase activity in the inner sapwood of the Juglans nigra tree
- Author
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Dehon, L., Mondolot, L., Durand, M., Chalies, C., Andary, C., and Macheix, J. J.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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100. This Article Corrects: ”Assessment of Physician Well-being, Part One: Burnout and Other Negative States”.
- Author
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Lall, Michelle D., Gaeta, Theodore J., Chung, Arlene S., Dehon, Erin, Malcolm, William, Ross, Adam, Way, David P., Weichenthal, Lori, and Himelfarb, Nadine T.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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