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55. Use of Adjectives in Catalan: A Morphological Characterization in Different Genres and Modes of Production through School-Age Development

Author

Cutillas, Laia and Tolchinsky, Liliana

Abstract

Adjectives, like nouns and verbs, are one of the three major classes of lexical words. But, unlike nouns and verbs, they emerge late in acquisition. In Catalan, as in many other languages, their use is closely linked to the literate lexicon learned at school-age. Thus, the use of adjectives can be a good indicator of later language development. The goal of this study is twofold: to characterize the use of adjectives from age 9 to adulthood and to examine the effect of discourse genre (expository and narrative) and mode of production (spoken and written) on frequency of use and word-internal morphological structure. The study takes a corpus-based approach and uses the GRERLI-CAT1 corpus, which contains 316 expository and narrative spoken and written texts produced by 79 Spanish/Catalan bilinguals whose home language is Catalan, at four age and schooling levels: primary school (9- to 10-year-olds), secondary school (12- to 13-year-olds), sixth form (16- to 18-year-olds) and university (adults). Results show that the use of adjectives expands through school-age and especially from sixth form onwards, presenting an increasing pattern. An effect of genre and mode of production on the target features was also detected. Expository texts contain significantly more adjectives per text and clause and lower-frequency adjectives than narrative texts. Written texts contain significantly more adjectives, and lower-frequency and longer adjectives, than spoken texts. Age interacts with mode of production in the use and morphological complexity of adjectives. The four text types analysed (spoken expository, written expository, spoken narrative and written narrative) present a complexity cline, from written expository texts to spoken narratives through spoken expository texts and written narratives.

Published
2017
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56. Maternal non-compliance with recommended folic acid supplement use alters global DNA methylation in cord blood of newborns: A cohort study.

Author

Morales, Eva, Prieto-Sánchez, María Teresa, Mendiola, Jaime, Cutillas-Tolín, Ana, Adoamnei, Evdochia, Valera-Gran, Desirée, Martínez-Graciá, Carmen, Santaella-Pascual, Marina, Suárez-Martinez, Clara, Vioque, Jesús, Castaños, María Jesús, del Castillo, Eva, and García-Marcos, Luis

Abstract

Prenatal folate exposure may alter epigenetic marks in the offspring. We aimed to evaluate associations between prenatal exposure to folic acid (FA) in preconception and in utero with cord blood DNA methylation in long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) and Alu short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) as markers of global DNA methylation levels. Data come from 325 mother–child pairs participating in the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort (2015–2018). Pregnant women were asked about supplement use, including brand name and dose, one month before pregnancy (preconception) and through the trimesters of pregnancy. Maternal dietary folate intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire with additional questions for FA supplement use. Folate serum levels were measured in mothers at 24 weeks of gestation and in cord blood of newborns. DNA methylation was quantitatively assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing on 5 LINE-1 and 3 Alu different elements. Associations were estimated using multivariable linear regression models. A reduction in methylation levels of LINE-1 in newborns was associated with the use of FA supplements below the recommended doses (<400 ug/day) during preconception (−0.50; 95% CI: −0.91, −0.09; P = 0.016), and from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation (−0.48; 95% CI: −0.88, −0.08; P = 0.018). Maternal use of FA supplements above the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 ug/day from preconception until 12 weeks of gestation was also related to lower methylation in LINE-1 at birth (−0.77; 95% CI: −1.52, −0.02; P = 0.044). Neither FA supplement use after 12 weeks of gestation nor maternal total folate intake (diet plus supplements) were associated with global DNA methylation levels at birth. Maternal non-compliance with the use of FA supplement recommendations from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation reduces offspring global DNA methylation levels at birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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64. Cancer associated fibroblast FAK regulates malignant cell metabolism

Author

Demircioglu, Fevzi, Wang, Jun, Candido, Juliana, Costa, Ana S. H., Casado, Pedro, de Luxan Delgado, Beatriz, Reynolds, Louise E., Gomez-Escudero, Jesus, Newport, Emma, Rajeeve, Vinothini, Baker, Ann-Marie, Roy-Luzarraga, Marina, Graham, Trevor A., Foster, Julie, Wang, Yu, Campbell, James J., Singh, Rajinder, Zhang, Penglie, Schall, Thomas J., Balkwill, Frances R., Sosabowski, Jane, Cutillas, Pedro R., Frezza, Christian, Sancho, Patricia, and Hodivala-Dilke, Kairbaan

Published
2020
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65. Textbook outcome in patients with biliary duct injury during cholecystectomy

Author

Lopez-Lopez, Victor, Kuemmerli, Christoph, Maupoey, Javier, López-Andujar, Rafael, Lladó, Laura, Mils, Kristel, Müller, Philip, Valdivieso, Andres, Garcés-Albir, Marina, Sabater, Luis, Cacciaguerra, Andrea Benedetti, Vivarelli, Marco, Valladares, Luis Díez, Pérez, Sergio Annese, Flores, Benito, Brusadin, Roberto, Conesa, Asunción López, Cortijo, Sagrario Martinez, Paterna, Sandra, Serrablo, Alejando, Toop, Ferdinand Heinz Walther, Oldhafer, Karl, Sánchez-Cabús, Santiago, Gil, Antonio González, Masía, Jose Antonio González, Loinaz, Carmelo, Lucena, Jose Luis, Pastor, Patricia, Garcia-Zamora, Cristina, Calero, Alicia, Valiente, Juan, Minguillon, Antonio, Rotellar, Fernando, Alcazar, Cándido, Aguilo, Javier, Cutillas, Jose, Ruiperez-Valiente, Jose A., Ramírez, Pablo, Petrowsky, Henrik, Ramia, Jose Manuel, and Robles-Campos, Ricardo

Abstract

Iatrogenic bile duct injury (BDI) during cholecystectomy is associated with a complex and heterogeneous management owing to the burden of morbidity until their definitive treatment. This study aimed to define the textbook outcomes (TOs) after BDI with the purpose to indicate the ideal treatment and to improve it management.

Published
2024
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69. The Effects of Public and Individual Language Attitudes on Intra-Speaker Variation: A Case Study of Style-Shifting

Author

Hernandez-Campoy, Juan Manuel and Cutillas-Espinosa, Juan Antonio

Abstract

The present study focuses on the language attitudes underlying patterns of stylistic variation in the speech of a female former President of the Spanish local Government of Murcia. We build on previous quantitative work demonstrating that this speaker shows unexpectedly high usage levels for nonstandard Murcian Spanish features in public speech, despite this being a stigmatised dialect enjoying covert prestige. However, in a private interview conducted with her, not only does the President expresses positive attitudes toward the dialect, but also her private speech is even more non-standard than her public speech, suggesting that she tempers her dialect usage in public contexts, too. The quantitative and qualitative analyses demonstrate that, through examination of public and individual language attitudes in which features and varieties derive their social connotations, we gain insights into how and why speakers sometimes purposefully use non-standard forms in formal public speech and sometimes less self-consciously orient themselves toward standard norms. (Contains 2 tables and 6 footnotes.)

Published
2013

70. Endothelial cell rearrangements during vascular patterning require PI3-kinase-mediated inhibition of actomyosin contractility

Author

Angulo-Urarte, Ana, Casado, Pedro, Castillo, Sandra D., Kobialka, Piotr, Kotini, Maria Paraskevi, Figueiredo, Ana M., Castel, Pau, Rajeeve, Vinothini, Milà-Guasch, Maria, Millan, Jaime, Wiesner, Cora, Serra, Helena, Muixi, Laia, Casanovas, Oriol, Viñals, Francesc, Affolter, Markus, Gerhardt, Holger, Huveneers, Stephan, Belting, Heinz-Georg, Cutillas, Pedro R., and Graupera, Mariona

Published
2018
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73. Beyond helium: hydrogen as a carrier gas in multiresidue pesticide analysis in fruits and vegetables by GC-MS/MSElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ay02119j

Author

Cutillas, Víctor, García-Gallego, Guillermo, Murcia-Morales, María, Ferrer, Carmen, and Fernández-Alba, Amadeo R.

Abstract

In this comprehensive study, we evaluated the feasibility of using hydrogen instead of helium as a carrier gas in a GC-MS/MS system for pesticide residue analysis, spanning three matrices: pepper, tomato, and zucchini. Initial assessments focused on the ion source's chemical inertness, employing nitrobenzene as a benchmark to monitor the hydrogenation process. A method with a duration of less than 12 minutes was developed, achieving good chromatographic peak resolution attributable to the enhanced chromatographic performance of hydrogen as a carrier gas. The study emphasized the optimization of system parameters, testing various ion source temperatures, detector voltages, and injection volumes. Sensitivity assessments, based on the DG-SANTE criteria, indicated that the majority of compounds were identifiable at a concentration of 5 μg kg−1(81% in tomato, 84% in pepper and 73% in zucchini). Detailed validation for reproducibility, matrix effects, and linearity across 150 pesticides unveiled generally favorable outcomes, with a notable majority of compounds displaying low matrix effects, satisfactory linearity ranges and good reproducibility with most compounds returning a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 10%. When applied to 15 real samples, the hydrogen-based system's performance was juxtaposed against a helium-based counterpart, revealing that results are very comparable between both systems. This comparative approach highlights hydrogen's potential as a reliable and efficient carrier gas in pesticide residue analysis for routine food control laboratories, overcoming difficulties resulting from the lack of helium supplies.

Published
2024
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77. Low HER2 enables dedifferentiation and transformation of normal breast epithelial cells via chromatin opening

Author

A Hayat, EP Carter, HW King, A Ors, A Doe, SA Teijeiro, S Charrot, S Godinho, P Cutillas, H Mohammed, RP Grose, and G Ficz

Abstract

Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) protein in breast cancer patients is a predictor of poor prognosis and resistance to therapies. Despite significant advances in the development of targeted therapies and improvements in the 5-year survival rate of metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients, a better understanding of the disease at an early stage is needed to prevent its progression. Here, we used an inducible breast cancer transformation system that allows investigation of early molecular changes at high temporal resolution. HER2 overexpression to similar levels as those observed in a subtype of HER2 positive breast cancer patients induced transformation of MCF10A cells and resulted in gross morphological changes, increased anchorage-independent growth of cells, and altered transcriptional programme of genes associated with oncogenic transformation. Global phosphoproteomic analysis during the first few hours of HER2 induction predominantly detected an increase in protein phosphorylation. Intriguingly, this correlated with a wave of chromatin opening, as measured by ATAC-seq on acini isolated from 3D cell culture. We observed that HER2 overexpression leads to reprogramming of many distal regulatory regions and promotes reprogramming-associated heterogeneity. We found that a subset of cells acquired a dedifferentiated breast stem-like phenotype, making them likely candidates for malignant transformation. Our data show that this population of cells, which counterintuitively enriches for relatively low HER2 protein abundance and increased chromatin accessibility, possesses transformational drive, resulting in increased anchorage-independent growth in vitro compared to cells not displaying a stem-like phenotype. Our data provide a discovery platform for signalling to chromatin pathways in HER2-driven cancers, offering an opportunity for biomarker discovery and identification of novel drug targets.

Published
2022
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78. Extracellular matrix educates a tumor macrophage phenotype found in ovarian cancer metastasis

Author

E. H. Puttock, E. J. Tyler, M. Manni, E. Maniati, C. Butterworth, E. Peerani, P. Hirani, V. Gauthier, Y. Liu, G. Maniscalco, V. Rajeeve, P. Cutillas, C. Trevisan, M. Pozzobon, M. Lockley, J. Rastrick, H. Läubli, A. White, and O. M. T. Pearce

Abstract

Recent studies have shown the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) associates with immunosuppression, and that targeting the ECM can improve immune infiltration and immunotherapy response. A question that remains is whether the ECM is directly educating the immune phenotypes seen in cancer. We identified a tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) population correlated with poor prognosis, interruption of the cancer immunity cycle, and tumor ECM composition. To investigate whether ECM was capable of generating the TAM phenotype seen, we developed a decellularized tissue model that retains the native ECM architecture and composition. Macrophages cultured on decellularized ovarian metastasis shared transcriptional profiles with the TAMs found in human tissues. ECM educated macrophages have a tissue remodeling and immunoregulatory phenotype, inducing altered T cell function. We conclude that the tumor ECM is directly educating this macrophage population found in cancer tissues. Therefore, current and emerging cancer therapies that target the tumor ECM may be tailored to improve macrophage phenotype and their downstream regulation of immunity.

Published
2022
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82. mTOR regulates MAPKAPK2 translation to control the senescence-associated secretory phenotype

Author

Herranz, Nicolás, Gallage, Suchira, Mellone, Massimiliano, Wuestefeld, Torsten, Klotz, Sabrina, Hanley, Christopher J., Raguz, Selina, Acosta, Juan Carlos, Innes, Andrew J., Banito, Ana, Georgilis, Athena, Montoya, Alex, Wolter, Katharina, Dharmalingam, Gopuraja, Faull, Peter, Carroll, Thomas, Martínez-Barbera, Juan Pedro, Cutillas, Pedro, Reisinger, Florian, Heikenwalder, Mathias, Miller, Richard A., Withers, Dominic, Zender, Lars, Thomas, Gareth J., and Gil, Jesús

Published
2015
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83. Scalable exponentially complex representations of logical phi-bit states and experimental demonstration of an operable three phi-bit gate using an acoustic metastructure

Author

P. A. Deymier, K. Runge, P. Cutillas, M. A. Hasan, T. D. Lata, and J. A. Levine

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Logical phi-bits are nonlinear acoustic modes analogous to qubits and supported by an externally driven acoustic metastructure. A correspondence is established between the state of three correlated logical phi-bits represented in a low-dimensional linearly scaling physical space and their state representation as a complex vector in a high-dimensional exponentially scaling Hilbert space. We show the experimental implementation of a nontrivial three phi-bit unitary operation analogous to a quantum circuit. This three phi-bit gate operates in parallel on the components of the three phi-bit complex state vector. While this operation would be challenging to perform in one step on a quantum computer, by comparison, ours requires only a single physical action on the metastructure.

Published
2023
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84. Learning the Phonology of a Language: An Optimality Theory Approach.

Author

Cutillas-Espinosa, Juan Antonio and Cutillas-Espinosa, Juan Antonio

Abstract

Reviews Tesar and Smolensky's, "Learnability in Optimality Theory" (2000). Discusses the main tenets of the book as well as the different topics included in each chapter. (Author/VWL)

Published
2001

90. Intramolecular Cyclization of Azido-Isocyanides Triggered by the Azide Anion: An Experimental and Computational Study

Author

Alajarin, Mateo, Cutillas-Font, Guillermo, Lopez-Leonardo, Carmen, Orenes, Raul-Angel, Marin-Luna, Marta, and Pastor, Aurelia

Abstract

This work describes the unprecedented intramolecular cyclization occurring in a set of α-azido-ω-isocyanides in the presence of catalytic amounts of sodium azide. These species yield the tricyclic cyanamides [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-5(4H)-carbonitriles, whereas in the presence of an excess of the same reagent, the azido-isocyanides convert into the respective C-substituted tetrazoles through a [3 + 2] cycloaddition between the cyano group of the intermediate cyanamides and the azide anion. The formation of tricyclic cyanamides has been examined by experimental and computational means. The computational study discloses the intermediacy of a long-lived N-cyanoamide anion, detected by NMR monitoring of the experiments, subsequently converting into the final cyanamide in the rate-determining step. The chemical behavior of these azido-isocyanides endowed with an aryl-triazolyl linker has been compared with that of a structurally identical azido-cyanideisomer, experiencing a conventional intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition between its azido and cyanide functionalities. The synthetic procedures described herein constitute metal-free approaches to novel complex heterocyclic systems, such as [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalines and 9H-benzo[f]tetrazolo[1,5-d][1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepines.

Published
2023
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91. Setting the stage for materials simulation using acoustic metamaterials digital quantum analogue computing platforms

Author

P A Deymier, K Runge, M A Hasan, J A Levine, and P Cutillas

Subjects
Mechanics of Materials, Modeling and Simulation, General Materials Science, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications
Abstract

We present a model of an externally driven acoustic metamaterial constituted of a nonlinear parallel array of coupled acoustic waveguides that supports logical phi-bits, classical analogues of quantum bits (qubit). Descriptions of correlated multiple phi-bit systems emphasize the importance of representations of phi-bit and multiple phi-bit vector states within the context of their corresponding Hilbert space. Experimental data are used to demonstrate the realization of the single phi-bit Hadamard gate and the phase shift gate. A three phi-bit system is also used to illustrate the development of multiple phi-bit gates as well as a simple quantum-like algorithm. These demonstrations set the stage for the implementation of a digital quantum analogue computing platform based on acoustic metamaterial that can implement quantum-like gates and may offer promise as an efficient platform for the simulation of materials.

Published
2022
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