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Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence of airway anomalies in children with severe craniofacial syndromes and to establish the role of bronchoscopy in the care of these patients. Methods: Consecutive children with craniofacial syndromes, including both bony deformities of the skull and face, in which a bronchoscopy was performed between 1995 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Thirty-six patients (22 boys, 14 girls; mean age, 39 months) were studied. Craniofacial synostosis was present in 21 patients (Crouzen syndrome, 11; Apert syndrome, 7, Pfeiffer syndrome, 3) and craniofacial dysostosis in 15 (Goldenhart syndrome, 8; Treacher Collins syndrome, 7). In 30 patients (83.3%), bronchoscopy was performed because of respiratory symptoms (apneic episodes, 22; respiratory distress, 13; stridor, 6; cyanosis, 1) and, in the remaining 6 (asymptomatic children), during guided tracheal intubation before a surgical procedure. Airway anomalies were found in 69.4% of patients (70% in symptomatic patients). Management consisted of tracheotomy in 13 patients, adenoidectomy/tonsillectomy in 13, glossopexy in 5, antireflux surgery in 3, and supraglottoplasty in 2. Conclusions: Airway anomalies occurred in 70% of children with severe craniofacial syndromes and respiratory symptoms. Bronchoscopy should be performed routinely in this selected group of patients, and the entire airway must be examined. Treatment should be tailored to each individual patient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Aims: Evaluation of the accuracy of palpation, CT scan and Martínez-Gimeno Score System in the assessment of neck nodes metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Design: This is a prospective triple blind study performed in 40 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Patients: 40 consecutive patients suffering primary oral squamous cell carcinoma, without any treatment before surgery, palpation or CT Scan. Results: 40% of the cases showed metastasis in pathological study. Sensitivity was 100%, 94% and 75% for MGSS 13, CT scan and palpation, respectively. Specificity was 83%, 38% and 25–50% for palpation, CT scan and MGSS 13–17, respectively. Negative predictive result values were 100%, 90% and 83% for MGSS 13, CT Scan and palpation. The logistic regression analysis showed an independent predictor factor for palpation (p =0.001) and MGSS (p =0.01). The combination of MGSS and clinical palpation allowed a new design for evaluating neck metastasis in oral cancer. This method establishes 3 different groups at risk: 3 of very low (<2%), 2 of low risk (18–27%) and 1 of high risk (85%). Conclusions: MGSS predicts metastasis better than CT scan and palpation. Combination of MGSS and palpation improves the prediction of metastasis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction Pregnancy and puerperium are two critical stages for women’s mental health due to the biological stress of pregnancy itself, as well as the emotional stress that surrounds this vital moment. (1) Debut and aggravation of psychiatric symptoms may occur, as well as relapse in women previously diagnosed with Severe Mental Disorder (SMD). Symptoms of the anxious spectrum are the most frequent within the perinatal mental pathology, being impulse phobias an entity that appears in about 25% of women previously diagnosed with OCD and up to 10-15% of women without previous psychopathology (2) Objectives Exposing the importance of Perinatal Mental Health from the presentation of a clinical case. Methods Review of the literature available in PubMed. Presentation of the pathobiography and evolution of the patient. Results Our case is about a 37-year-old woman, 30 weeks pregnant with her first child and history of having required admission to Psychiatry with subsequent follow-up in Mental Health for anxious-depressive symptoms with the presence of self-injurious ideas who, after two weeks with multiple life stressors, came to the Emergency Department for the presence of impulse phobias focused on pregnancy with significant internal anguish and ideas of death as a resolution to it, which is why it was decided to hospitalize her. During admission, and taking into account the patient’s gestational state, treatment was started with diluted Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole solution at minimal doses, which in this case were sufficient for symptom control. The latest guidelines addressing psychopharmacology during pregnancy and lactation point to sertraline among the antidepressants and Lorazepam among the benzodiazepines as the safest drugs during pregnancy (3). Conclusions - The exacerbation of anxious symptomatology and the presence of gestation-focused impulse phobias are frequent during pregnancy and their intensity increases as the time of delivery approaches. - Sertraline, Lorazepam, Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole are safe drugs during pregnancy. - In these women, a close and multidisciplinary follow-up by Psychiatry and Gynecology is advisable. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Nephrotoxicity stands as one of the most limiting effects in the development and validation of new drugs. The kidney, among the organs evaluated in toxicity assessments, has a higher susceptibility, with nephrotoxic potential frequently evading detection until late in clinical trials. Traditional cell culture, which has been widely used for decades, does not recapitulate the structure and complexity of the native tissue, which can affect cell function, and the response to cytotoxins does not resemble what occurs in the kidney. In the current study, we aimed to address these challenges by creating in vitro kidney models that faithfully biomimic the dynamics of the renal proximal tubule, using the well-established RPTEC/TERT1 cell line. For doing so, two models were developed, one recreating tubule-like structures (2.5D model) and the other using microfluidic technology (kidney-on-a-chip). The 2.5D model allowed tubular structures to be generated in the absence of hydrogels, and the kidney-on-a-chip model allowed shear stress to be applied to the cell culture, which is a physiological stimulus in the renal tissue. After characterization of both models, different nephrotoxic compounds such as cisplatin, tacrolimus, and daunorubicin were used to study cell responses after treatment. The developed models in our study could be a valuable tool for pre-clinical nephrotoxic testing of drugs and new compounds.

Resumen: Introducción: La musculatura respiratoria es un limitante de la capacidad de ejercicio en pacientes trasplantados pulmonares. Es necesario conocer la eficacia de las técnicas específicas de entrenamiento de la musculatura respiratoria llevadas a cabo en el manejo del paciente adulto trasplantado de pulmón en el periodo postoperatorio. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos, que incluyeron a pacientes adultos trasplantados pulmonares sometidos a entrenamiento respiratorio postrasplante. Se efectuó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library entre enero de 2012 y septiembre de 2023, utilizando los términos: «breathing exercise», «respiratory muscle training», «inspiratory muscle training», «respiratory exercise», «pulmonary rehabilitation», «lung rehabilitation», en combinación con «lung transplantation», «lung transplant», «postransplant lung». Sin límite de idioma. Resultados: Se incluyeron 11 ensayos con un total de 639 pacientes analizados. La mayoría de los programas de entrenamiento se inician al alta hospitalaria (más de un mes postrasplante), pocos lo hacen de manera precoz (Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos). La duración varía de 1-12 meses postrasplante. Las intervenciones estuvieron basadas en entrenamiento aeróbico y fuerza de musculatura periférica. Algunos de ellos incluyeron ejercicios respiratorios y expansiones torácicas. La variable resultado más utilizada fue la capacidad de ejercicio submáximo medida con el test de la marcha de los 6 minutos. Conclusiones: El entrenamiento de la musculatura respiratoria del paciente adulto trasplantado favorece la mejora de la capacidad de ejercicio y de la calidad de vida. El entrenamiento aeróbico, así como el de la fuerza del resto de la musculatura periférica, contribuyen a la mejora de la musculatura respiratoria. Abstract: Introduction: Respiratory muscles are a limiter of exercise capacity in lung transplant patients. It is necessary to know the effectiveness of specific respiratory muscle training techniques carried out in the management of adult lung transplant patients in the postoperative period. Material and methods: A systematic review of clinical trials was carried out, which included adult lung transplant patients undergoing post-transplant respiratory training. A search was carried out in the databases PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library between January 2012 and September 2023, using the terms: “breathing exercise”, “respiratory muscle training”, “inspiratory muscle training”, “respiratory exercise”, “pulmonary rehabilitation”, “lung rehabilitation”; in combination with “lung transplantation”, “lung transplant”, “posttransplant lung”. No language limit. Results: Eleven trials were included with a total of 639 patients analyzed. Most training programs begin upon hospital discharge (more than one month post-transplant), few do so early (Intensive Care Unit). The duration varies from 1-12 months post-transplant. The interventions were based on aerobic training and peripheral muscle strength. Some of them included breathing exercises and chest expansions. The most used outcome variable was submaximal exercise capacity measured with the 6-minute walk test. Conclusions: Training the respiratory muscles of the adult transplant patient favors the improvement of exercise capacity and quality of life. Aerobic training, as well as strength training of the rest of the peripheral muscles, contribute to the improvement of respiratory muscles.