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59. Parallel Functional Programming with Skeletons: the OCAMLP3L experiment

Author

Danelutto, Marco, Di Cosmo, Roberto, Leroy, Xavier, Pelagatti, Susanna, Leroy, Xavier, Department of Computer Science [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Laboratoire d'informatique de l'école normale supérieure (LIENS), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Typed programming, modularity and compilation (CRISTAL), Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ACM, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
parallelism, [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], skeletons, functional languages, closures, [INFO.INFO-PL] Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL]
Abstract

International audience; Writing parallel programs is not easy, and debugging them is usually a nightmare. To cope with these diiculties, a structured approach to parallel programs using skeletons and template based compiler techniques has been developed over the past years by several researchers, including the P3L group in Pisa. This approach is based on the use of a set of primitive forms that are just functionals implemented via templates exploiting the underlying parallelism, so it is natural to ask whether marrying a real functional language like Ocaml with the P3L skeletons can be the basis of a powerful parallel programming environment. We show that this is the case: our prototype, written entirely in Ocaml using a limited form of closure passing, allows a very simple and clean programming style, shows real speed-up over a network of workstations and, as an added fundamental bonus, allows logical debug-ging of parallel programs in a sequential framework without changing the user code.

Published
1998

78. Engineering Energy Efficient Visual Sensor Network Applications Using Skeletons.

Author

Chessa, Stefano, Pelagatti, Susanna, and Triolo, Nicoletta

Subjects
*KALMAN filtering, *COMPUTER programming, *ALGORITHMS, *DETECTORS, *ENERGY consumption, *ENERGY dissipation
Abstract

Visual sensor networks (VSNs) perform complex scene analysis algorithms that require significant computations and communications. Under this respect, the use of skeletons contributes to reduce the complexity of VSN programming and may ensure an easier and better optimization of the code. In this context, we propose INS, a stencil based skeleton targeted for wireless/visual sensor networks (W/VSNs) and give a preliminary analysis of its benefits using tracking as a case study. INS abstracts a distributed approximation schema in which the estimation of a given metric is organized in a sequence of steps. Each step includes collecting estimates from some neighbor nodes and local computation of a new approximation. In particular, INS takes inspiration from some stencil based skeletons proposed for parallel computation and merges it with the classical event driven model typical of sensor programming. As a result, the execution of each step is triggered by the detection of a relevant event in the environment. Tracking consists in periodically predicting position and velocity of one or more mobile targets. We discuss how INS can be instantiated to a distributed version of Kalman filtering. As energy efficiency is central in W/VSNs, we derive analytic models for energy dissipation of the INS skeleton depending on different concepts of neighborhood for the data exchanged at each step. Then, these models are used to guide the deployment of our tracking application on a real scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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82. P3L: a structured high-level parallel language, and its structured support.

Author

Bacci, Bruno, Danelutto, Marco, Orlando, Salvatore, Pelagatti, Susanna, and Vanneschi, Marco

Subjects
COMPUTER programming, COMPUTER architecture, PARALLEL programming, LINGUISTICS, COMPILERS (Computer programs), SYSTEMS software, COMPUTER software
Abstract

The paper presents a parallel programming methodology that ensures easy programming, efficiency and portability of programs to different machines belonging to the class of the general-purpose, distributed-memory, MIMD architectures. The methodology is based on the definition of a new, high-level, explicitly parallel language, called P3L, and of a set of static tools that automatically adapt the program features for each target architecture. P3L does not require programmers to specify process activations, the actual parallelism degree, scheduling, or interprocess communications, i.e. all those features that need to be adjusted to harness each specific target machine. Parallelism is on the other hand, expressed in a structured and qualitative way, by hierarchical composition of a restricted set of language constructs, corresponding to those forms of parallelism that are frequently encountered in parallel applications, and that can be efficiently implemented. The efficient portability of P3L applications is guaranteed by the compiler along with the novel structure of the support. The compiler automatically adapts the program features for each specific architecture, using the costs (in terms of performance) of the low-level mechanisms exported by the architecture itself, In our methodology, these costs, along with other features of the architecture, are viewed through an abstract machine, whose interface is used by the compiler to produce the final object code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
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84. ICT to Aid Dental Care of Children with Autism.

Author

Bondioli, Mariasole, Pelagatti, Susanna, Buzzi, Maria Claudia, Buzzi, Marina, and Senette, Caterina

Subjects
INFORMATION & communication technologies, AUTISTIC children, DENTAL care, INFORMATION technology, TOOTH care & hygiene
Abstract

Dental health in children with autism presents many challenges, due to their different perception of sensory experience and difficulty accepting unknown social contexts. The dental care setting presents strong sound-visual stimulations that can upset a patient with autism, often forcing dentists to administer chemical sedation in order to deliver dental care. In recent years, several technology-enhanced systems and apps have been proposed to help people with autism adapt to new contexts and cope with distressing social situations. Our study explores the potential of personalized digital tools for familiarizing these children with dental procedures and environments, and teaching them how to perform proper oral hygiene at home. A 3-month study to test ICT tools created to control children's anxiety and avoid sedation was carried out involving researchers, developers, dentists, psychologists, parents and ten children with autism observed under natural conditions during their first dental care cycle. The results appear to confirm the potential of personalized technology to reduce anxiety in professional settings, increasing children's wellbeing and safety and encouraging oral hygiene as part of their daily routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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