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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Patients with the diagnosis heart failure are frequently frail and have a poor prognosis. Now medicine is confronting them with new digital technology in the form of telemedicine with the aim of a never-ending prolongation of live, in smaller and smaller amounts. Objectives: Evaluation of the introduction of telemedicine for patients with heart failure fromthe perspective of primary care. Materials andmethods: Summary of the scientific and non-scientific literature of the topic in a narrative review. Results: The evidence of telemedicine for heart failure is very extensive and heterogeneous. The benefit is hard to assess. The scientific basis of its introduction in Germany was reduced to a few studies which seem insufficient as a justification for it. Conclusion: An uncritical belief in technology combined with a political will based on it seems to be the real driver of this introduction. Instead of dissipating resources with more and more technology in ever smaller areas, the digitally assisted improvement of documentation and communication between patients and their primary care providers and in turn the telemedical connection and support of these by specialists might be the more appropriate answer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human desire to engage in politics is an integral part of their nature. However, in order to conduct politics well and in line with desired goals, a strong understanding of politics is required. Therefore, it is important to understand the concept of politics in Islam through modernist figures such as Hamka, who created a new conception of Islam and politics. The purpose of this research is to analyze Hamka's views on the rules of politics in Islam and the goals of Islamic politics. This research is the result of a qualitative literature study using Hamka's work entitled "Lembaga Hidup" as the main source. The results of the study show that, according to Hamka, the rules of Islamic politics should be based on natural law, moral law, and the law of human nature, and serve the interests of individuals, not groups or the state. The purpose of Islamic politics is to create justice for society, provide individual freedom, and create unity, brotherhood, and equality among human beings. Abstrak: Keinginan manusia untuk berpolitik adalah bagian integral dari kodrat kemanusiaannya. Namun, untuk menjalankan politik dengan baik dan sejalan dengan tujuan yang diinginkan, diperlukan pemahaman yang kuat tentang perpolitikan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami konsep perpolitikan dalam Islam melalui tokoh modernis seperti Hamka, yang menciptakan konsepsi baru tentang Islam dan politik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pandangan Hamka tentang aturan perpolitikan dalam Islam serta tujuan politik Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan hasil kajian kepustakaan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber utama yaitu karya Hamka yang berjudul "Lembaga Hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut Hamka, aturan perpolitikan Islam harus didasarkan pada hukum alam, hukum moral, dan hukum fitrah manusia serta melayani kepentingan individu, bukan kepentingan kelompok atau negara. Tujuan dari politik Islam adalah untuk menciptakan keadilan bagi masyarakat, memberikan kebebasan individu, serta menciptakan persatuan, persaudaraan, dan kesetaraan antar-manusia.

Um es gleich am Anfang zu sagen: Virologie und Seuchenbekämpfung sind wie Klingel und Fahrradfahren: Ersteres ist jeweils notwendig, dafür aber nicht ausreichend. Und um in dem Bild zu bleiben: Wer klingeln kann, kann noch lange kein Fahrrad fahren oder bauen. Deshalb lautet der erste Teil der kurzen Antwort: Schuster, bleib das nächste Mal bei deinem Leisten. Bei den Virologen geht es mehr um die Viren als um angewandte Infektiologie. Hier unterscheiden sich viele der prominent agierenden Virologen jedoch nicht von ihren Berufskollegen aus anderen hochspezialisierten medizinischen Disziplinen: Nur wenige in Deutschland haben praktisches Wissen und Erfahrungen in der Seuchenbekämpfung im Allgemeinen (und noch weniger in der Pandemiebekämpfung im Speziellen). Trotzdem hatten viele der von der Politik gefragten auf (fast) jede Frage zum großen Spektrum der Seuchenbekämpfung, egal wie weit entfernt zur eigenen Kernkompetenz, eine Antwort. Am erstaunlichsten dabei war jedoch, dass dabei der Großteil des vorhandenen Wissens zur Pandemiebekämpfung und sogar der eigene deutsche Pandemieplan schlichtweg ignoriert oder im noch schlimmeren Fall, nicht einmal bekannt war.

Religion, culture, and politics are one unit in society that cannot be separated. These three things cause human life as a social being and as a citizen to take place. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between religion, culture and politics in the Toba Batak community in Samosir Regency. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods to understand the phenomenon of what was experienced by the research subjects as a whole. The results of the study show that the relationship between religion, culture and politics can be seen in the implementation of the dalihan na tolu kinship system. The Toba Batak community with other people outside the Toba Batak tribe; this openness is carried out by adding the clan as the basis for the Toba Batak tribe to determine the kinship system. The culture of solidarity guides the Batak Toba community in behaving politically. The community will help their families who run in general elections. This solidarity is social capital as well as economic capital for the Toba Batak people who carry out political activities, especially members of the community who are advancing to become candidates for regional heads and members of the council. The selection of leaders in the Batak Toba community is still taking into account the background of a candidate. The background is not only from education or other capital from qualified prospective leaders but rather from sociological aspects.

Eine Kernaufgabe von Schule ist es, alle Schüler*innen in die schriftkulturelle Praxis einzuführen, die sie selbst meist stillschweigend für das Lernen im Fachunterricht voraussetzt und die daher unverzichtbar für Schulerfolg und die spätere berufliche Integration ist. Angehende Lehrkräfte müssen daher für den in ihrem Unterricht zu leistenden Ausbau der informellen sprachlichen Fähigkeiten der Schüler*innen in die am schriftsprachlichen Gebrauch orientierten formellen Sprachregister ihrer Fächer sensibilisiert werden. Im Beitrag werden Materialien aus einer Einführungsvorlesung im Modul Deutsch als Zweitsprache des Master of Education an der Universität Bielefeld vorgestellt, mit denen am Beispiel eines fachlichen Gegenstandes aus dem Politikunterricht für die Jahrgangsstufen 7/8 sprachliche Herausforderungen thematisiert und abgestufte, registersensible Aufgabenstellungen diskutiert werden. Im Beitrag wird zudem der theoretische Hintergrund zum Konzept des Sprachausbaus im Fachunterricht umrissen, und es werden eigene Erfahrungen mit dem Material diskutiert. Das Material selbst wird in Form von Präsentationsfolien zur Nach- und Umnutzung zur Verfügung gestellt.

Abstract: Background and Aims: This article summarizes the findings and conclusions of the third edition of Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity. The latest revision of this book is part of a series of monographs designed to provide a critical review of the scientific evidence related to alcohol control policy from a public health perspective. Design: A narrative summary of the contents of the book according to five major issues. Findings: An extensive amount of epidemiological evidence shows that alcohol is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, disability and death in high-, middle- and low-income countries. Trends in alcohol products and marketing are described, indicating that a large part of the global industry has been consolidated into a small number of transnational corporations that are expanding their operations in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The main part of the book is devoted to a review of strategies and interventions designed to prevent or minimize alcohol-related harm. Overall, the most effective strategies to protect public health are taxation that decreases affordability and restrictions on the physical availability of alcohol. A total ban on alcohol marketing is also an effective strategy to reduce consumption. In addition, drink-driving counter-measures, brief interventions with at-risk drinkers and treatment of drinkers with alcohol dependence are effective in preventing harm in high-risk contexts and groups of hazardous drinkers. Conclusion: Alcohol policy is often the product of competing interests, values and ideologies, with the evidence suggesting that the conflicting interests between profit and health mean that working in partnership with the alcohol industry is likely to lead to ineffective policy. Opportunities for implementation of evidence-based alcohol policies that better serve the public good are clearer than ever before as a result of accumulating knowledge on which strategies work best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neue Politische Literatur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Ottoman rule in the Balkan Peninsula began in the 14th century and lasted until the 19th century. However, there are also small provinces such as Serbia that demanded independence earlier while there are also other provinces that are still under the reign after the 19th century. Among the important elements in carrying out development in their territories is by implementing waqf practices in every aspect such as economy and socio-culture. Initially, these endowment institutions were mostly founded by the ruling class and those with high status in the local community. Through this establishment gave a great impact in the politics and government of the Ottoman government either from a positive or negative perspective. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of waqf practices on the politics and rule of the ‘Ottomans in Bosnia & Herzegovina during the golden centuries of the kingdom, namely the 15th century to the 17th century. This study was conducted using qualitative methods in the form of historical research and collecting data using document analysis methods from various authoritative sources. The results of the study found that there were impacts on the practice of waqf in Bosnia & Herzegovina during that period. For example, it helped strengthen the power of the Ottoman even though not directly. This situation can be seen from the beginning of the practice of waqf through the involvement of Ottoman dignitaries who were from Bosnia, at the same time applying and integrating the Ottoman education system into the local community through waqf institutions that were built such as medrese. In addition, through the continuous development of waqf, it was able to stabilize the Ottoman rule in the region. This is because, the people see the government were able to prosper the economy for them while the Islamization process is becoming more and more vigorous due to the assistance from the cash waqf fund allocated for this activity. This led to an increase in the number of Muslims, making Islam the dominant religion in the region. In conclusion, the practice of waqf which is based on welfare and free services is not only considered to have an impact on community support but also can give a bad impression if it is not well managed by the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Komunikaty Mazursko-Warminskie is the property of Komunikaty Mazursko-Warminskie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lembaran Antropologi is the property of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Department of Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ethnologie Française is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Memperbincangkan masalah negara dan pemerintahan dalam pandangan Islam merupakan suatu yang menarik. Dikatakan menarik, karena setiap komunitas Islam mempunyai latar belakang sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan politik serta kemampuan menafsirkan teks yang berbeda. Perbedaan latar belakang telah melahirkan cara pandang atas teks yang juga berbeda. Meskipun teks yang dirujuk oleh masing-masing kelompok Islam itu sama al-Qur’an dan Sunnah, namun cara menafsirkan teks itu bergantung pada orientasi sosial politik dari pihak yang melakukan penafsiran. Hal ini juga terjadi kepada tokoh tatanegara Mohammad Natsir yang dengan gigih memperjuangan agar negara dan pemerintahan dapat menerapkan konsep pemerintahan Islam. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian, Mohammad Natsir memandang bahwa umat Islam boleh mencontoh sistem-sistem pemerintahan yang ada di negara- negara lain seperti Inggris, Finlandia, Jepang bahkan Rusia, selama sistem-sistem itu dapat mencapai tujuan-tujuan yang dikehendaki oleh Islam. Jadi dalam demokrasi Islam, perumusan kebijakan politik, ekonomi, dan lain-lainnya haruslah mengacu kepada aturan yang telah ditetapkan oleh al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Nabi.

This study aims to determine the history of the Batjan sultanate in political and trade competition in North Maluku in 1601-1940. The method used in this research is the historical method. The steps of the historical method are heuristics, source criticism or verification, interpretation, and historiography (historical writing). The results of this study are; The Bacan Sultanate or Kie ma-Kolano, (ruler of the cape), is a sultanate that was originally domiciled in East Makian, then moved to Kasiruta. In fact, the initial procession of the formation of the Bacan kingdom cannot be known with certainty. However, based on chronicle reports, it can be interpreted that this kingdom emerged along with other Islamic kingdoms in North Maluku. Based on the political perspective, the Bacan Sultanate, which is part of the world of Central Maluku, has very broad political influence and power. It can be argued that the clove commodity has projected the economic strength of the Bacan Sultanate Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejarah kesultanan Batjan dalam persaingan politik dan perdagangan di Maluku Utara tahun 1601-1940. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu metode sejarah (historical method). Adapun langkah-langkah metode sejarah, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber atau verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi (penulisan sejarah). Hasil penelitian ini adalah; Kesultanan Bacan atau Kie ma-Kolano, (penguasa tanjung), merupakan kesultanan yang semula berkedudukan di Makian Timur, kemudian dipindahkan ke Kasiruta. Secara faktual prosesi awal pembentukan kerajaan Bacan tidak dapat diketahui secara pasti. Tetapi berdasarkan pemberitaan kroniek dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa kerajaan ini muncul seiring dengan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam lainnya di Maluku Utara. Berdasarkan perspektif politik Kesultanan Bacan yang merupakan bagian dari dunia Maluku Pusat, memiliki pengaruh politik dan kekuasaan yang sangat luas. Secara argumentatif dapat dikemukakan bahwa komoditas cengkih telah memproyeksikan kekuatan ekonomi kesultanan Bacan.

Studi ini didasarkan pada argumen bahwa agama adalah instrument yang sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk suatu tindakan masyarakat. Agama adalah hal yang sangat sensitif dalam kehidupan masyarakat, apalagi masyarakat Indonesia yang sebagian besar adalah umat beragama. Hampir tidak ada ranah kehidupan yang absen dari pengaruh agama, termasuk dunia politik seperti pelaksanaan suksesi kepemimpinan baik pada tingkat legislatif maupun eksekutif, dari pusat hingga daerah (Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota). Ali Maschan Moesa, dalam bukunya berjudul Nasionalisme Kiai: Konstruksi Sosial Berbasis Agama, mengatakan, politisasi agama berarti menggunakan simbol-simbol agama untuk menggerakkan massa, mengaduk-aduk emosi keagamaan, menjalin kekuatan di parlemen, dan seterusnya, tetapi tujuannya untuk kepentingan politik, bukan kepentingan agama. Metode penelitan ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif, menggambarkan proses penelitian ini bedarkan dari hasil studi pustaka berupa buku, hasil riset lembaga survey dan konsultan politik. Ekspresi agama dalam politik tampaknya sangat menarik dalam diskursus ilmiah, karena terbukti ikut memainkan peran di dalam pertarungan poltik nasional di Indonesia. Islam bahkan menjadi anak emas (masa keemasan) pasca reformasi dan terlihat kelompok islam memiliki kesempatan besar untuk mengekspresikan kekuatan politik mereka dengan mengartikulasikan agama di ruang publik (politik) di negeri yang berpenduduk muslim terbesar di dunia. Demokrasi dan Agama (Islam) di Indonesia tentu tidak berjalan secara instan tanpa proses yang panjang. Tentu banyak tokoh yang ikut serta memberi kontribusi terhadap penegakan demokrasi di Indonesia, dan membingkai Indonesia sebagai Negara yang tidak anti demokrasi meskipun memiliki populasi Muslim yang terbesar.