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56. Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage due to Implantation of Electrodes for Deep Brain Stimulation: Insights from a Large Single-Center Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Author

Sajonz, Bastian E. A., Brugger, Timo S., Reisert, Marco, Büchsel, Martin, Schröter, Nils, Rau, Alexander, Egger, Karl, Reinacher, Peter C., Urbach, Horst, Coenen, Volker A., and Kaller, Christoph P.

Subjects
DEEP brain stimulation, CEREBRAL hemorrhage, PLATELET function tests, CROSS-sectional method, MOVEMENT disorders, ELECTRODE potential, ELECTRODES, BRAIN stimulation
Abstract

Cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage due to electrode implantation (CIPHEI) is a rare but serious complication of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. This study retrospectively investigated a large single-center cohort of DBS implantations to calculate the frequency of CIPHEI and identify patient- and procedure-related risk factors for CIPHEI and their potential interactions. We analyzed all DBS implantations between January 2013 and December 2021 in a generalized linear model for binomial responses using bias reduction to account for sparse sampling of CIPHEIs. As potential risk factors, we considered age, gender, history of arterial hypertension, level of invasivity, types of micro/macroelectrodes, and implanted DBS electrodes. If available, postoperative coagulation and platelet function were exploratorily assessed in CIPHEI patients. We identified 17 CIPHEI cases across 839 electrode implantations in 435 included procedures in 418 patients (3.9%). Exploration and cross-validation analyses revealed that the three-way interaction of older age (above 60 years), high invasivity (i.e., use of combined micro/macroelectrodes), and implantation of directional DBS electrodes accounted for 82.4% of the CIPHEI cases. Acquired platelet dysfunction was present only in one CIPHEI case. The findings at our center suggested implantation of directional DBS electrodes as a new potential risk factor, while known risks of older age and high invasivity were confirmed. However, CIPHEI risk is not driven by the three factors alone but by their combined presence. The contributions of the three factors to CIPHEI are hence not independent, suggesting that potentially modifiable procedural risks should be carefully evaluated when planning DBS surgery in patients at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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57. Improved early outcome prediction by MRI-based 3D tumor volume assessment in patients with CNS lymphomas

Author

Lauer, Eliza M, primary, Riegler, Ella, additional, Mutter, Jurik A, additional, Alig, Stefan K, additional, Bleul, Sabine, additional, Kuehn, Julia, additional, Ranganathan, Lavanya, additional, Klingler, Christian, additional, Demerath, Theo, additional, Würtemberger, Urs, additional, Rau, Alexander, additional, Weiß, Jakob, additional, Eisenblaetter, Michel, additional, Bamberg, Fabian, additional, Prinz, Marco, additional, Finke, Jürgen, additional, Duyster, Justus, additional, Illerhaus, Gerald, additional, Diehn, Maximilian, additional, Alizadeh, Ash A, additional, Schorb, Elisabeth, additional, Reinacher, Peter C, additional, and Scherer, Florian, additional

Published
2023
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60. Swedish Upper Secondary English Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices Regarding CLIL

Author

Erlvik, Tina, Rau, Alexander, Erlvik, Tina, and Rau, Alexander

Abstract

English has been on the rise on the global stage for the last half century, and is now the most studied second language, being used regularly in international academia, social and mainstream media and international relations. In Sweden, the increase in the use of English is particularly noticeable in the country’s higher education system, with recent studies reporting a significant increase in English as the language of instruction. Although Sweden has a generally high proficiency in English, recent reports show a number of students feel insecure in using English at universities. A possible pedagogical method to address students' uncertainty is Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). While there is much research regarding CLIL, the research is divided on its efficacy best practices, and research is limited in the Swedish context. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the beliefs and practices of CLIL among upper secondary English teachers in Sweden in order to add to the body of knowledge surrounding CLIL use, especially in the Swedish context. Data collection was done with a survey sent out to 260 schools in Sweden. The results of the study are limited in scope and depth due to very low response rates (n=8), but tentative conclusions may be drawn from it that support earlier findings, such as the importance of certain contextual factors in the school. The study concludes that CLIL is indeed an appreciated tool among the teachers asked, and that any teacher who is considering using it should ensure that the school environment is one that facilitates CLIL rather than hinders it.

Published
2023

61. Improved early outcome prediction by MRI-based 3D tumor volume assessment in patients with CNS lymphomas.

Author

Lauer, Eliza M, Riegler, Ella, Mutter, Jurik A, Alig, Stefan K, Bleul, Sabine, Kuehn, Julia, Ranganathan, Lavanya, Klingler, Christian, Demerath, Theo, Würtemberger, Urs, Rau, Alexander, Weiß, Jakob, Eisenblaetter, Michel, Bamberg, Fabian, Prinz, Marco, Finke, Jürgen, Duyster, Justus, Illerhaus, Gerald, Diehn, Maximilian, and Alizadeh, Ash A

Published
2024
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62. Cerebellar, Not Nigrostriatal Degeneration Impairs Dexterity in Multiple System Atrophy.

Author

Rau, Alexander, Hosp, Jonas A., Rijntjes, Michel, Weiller, Cornelius, Kellner, Elias, Berberovic, Emir, Oikonomou, Panteleimon, Jost, Wolfgang H., Reisert, Marco, Urbach, Horst, and Schröter, Nils

Abstract

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) clinically manifests with either predominant nigrostriatal or cerebellopontine degeneration. This corresponds to two different phenotypes, one with predominant Parkinson's symptoms (MSA‐P [multiple system atrophy‐parkinsonian subtype]) and one with predominant cerebellar deficits (MSA‐C [multiple system atrophy‐cerebellar subtype]). Both nigrostriatal and cerebellar degeneration can lead to impaired dexterity, which is a frequent cause of disability in MSA. Objective: The aim was to disentangle the contribution of nigrostriatal and cerebellar degeneration to impaired dexterity in both subtypes of MSA. Methods: We thus investigated nigrostriatal and cerebellopontine integrity using diffusion microstructure imaging in 47 patients with MSA‐P and 17 patients with MSA‐C compared to 31 healthy controls (HC). Dexterity was assessed using the 9‐Hole Peg Board (9HPB) performance. Results: Nigrostriatal degeneration, represented by the loss of cells and neurites, leading to a larger free‐fluid compartment, was present in MSA‐P and MSA‐C when compared to HCs. Whereas no intergroup differences were observed between the MSAs in the substantia nigra, MSA‐P showed more pronounced putaminal degeneration than MSA‐C. In contrast, a cerebellopontine axonal degeneration was observed in MSA‐P and MSA‐C, with stronger effects in MSA‐C. Interestingly, the degeneration of cerebellopontine fibers is associated with impaired dexterity in both subtypes, whereas no association was observed with nigrostriatal degeneration. Conclusion: Cerebellar dysfunction contributes to impaired dexterity not only in MSA‐C but also in MSA‐P and may be a promising biomarker for disease staging. In contrast, no significant association was observed with nigrostriatal dysfunction. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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65. Data from Triple Targeting of HER Receptors Overcomes Heregulin-mediated Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Rau, Alexander, primary, Janssen, Nicole, primary, Kühl, Lennart, primary, Sell, Thomas, primary, Kalmykova, Svetlana, primary, Mürdter, Thomas E., primary, Dahlke, Marc-H., primary, Sers, Christine, primary, Morkel, Markus, primary, Schwab, Matthias, primary, Kontermann, Roland E., primary, and Olayioye, Monilola A., primary

Published
2023
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67. Supplementary Figure from Triple Targeting of HER Receptors Overcomes Heregulin-mediated Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Rau, Alexander, primary, Janssen, Nicole, primary, Kühl, Lennart, primary, Sell, Thomas, primary, Kalmykova, Svetlana, primary, Mürdter, Thomas E., primary, Dahlke, Marc-H., primary, Sers, Christine, primary, Morkel, Markus, primary, Schwab, Matthias, primary, Kontermann, Roland E., primary, and Olayioye, Monilola A., primary

Published
2023
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68. Photon-Counting Computed Tomography – Basic Principles, Potenzial Benefits, and Initial Clinical Experience

Author

Stein, Thomas, additional, Rau, Alexander, additional, Russe, Maximilian Frederik, additional, Arnold, Philipp, additional, Faby, Sebastian, additional, Ulzheimer, Stefan, additional, Weis, Meike, additional, Froelich, Matthias F., additional, Overhoff, Daniel, additional, Horger, Marius, additional, Hagen, Florian, additional, Bongers, Malte, additional, Nikolaou, Konstantin, additional, Schönberg, Stefan O., additional, Bamberg, Fabian, additional, and Weiß, Jakob, additional

Published
2023
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69. Cryo-EM structure of the fully assembled Elongator complex

Author

Jaciuk, Marcin, primary, Scherf, David, additional, Kaszuba, Karol, additional, Gaik, Monika, additional, Rau, Alexander, additional, Kościelniak, Anna, additional, Krutyhołowa, Rościsław, additional, Rawski, Michał, additional, Indyka, Paulina, additional, Graziadei, Andrea, additional, Chramiec-Głąbik, Andrzej, additional, Biela, Anna, additional, Dobosz, Dominika, additional, Lin, Ting-Yu, additional, Abbassi, Nour-el-Hana, additional, Hammermeister, Alexander, additional, Rappsilber, Juri, additional, Kosinski, Jan, additional, Schaffrath, Raffael, additional, and Glatt, Sebastian, additional

Published
2023
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73. Differentiation of Perilesional Edema in Glioblastomas and Brain Metastases: Comparison of Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and Diffusion Microstructure Imaging

Author

Würtemberger, Urs, primary, Rau, Alexander, additional, Reisert, Marco, additional, Kellner, Elias, additional, Diebold, Martin, additional, Erny, Daniel, additional, Reinacher, Peter C., additional, Hosp, Jonas A., additional, Hohenhaus, Marc, additional, Urbach, Horst, additional, and Demerath, Theo, additional

Published
2022
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81. Widespread white matter oedema in subacute COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms

Author

Rau, Alexander, primary, Schroeter, Nils, additional, Blazhenets, Ganna, additional, Dressing, Andrea, additional, Walter, Lea I, additional, Kellner, Elias, additional, Bormann, Tobias, additional, Mast, Hansjörg, additional, Wagner, Dirk, additional, Urbach, Horst, additional, Weiller, Cornelius, additional, Meyer, Philipp T, additional, Reisert, Marco, additional, and Hosp, Jonas A, additional

Published
2022
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86. Triple Targeting of HER Receptors Overcomes Heregulin-mediated Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Colorectal Cancer

Author

Rau, Alexander, primary, Janssen, Nicole, additional, Kühl, Lennart, additional, Sell, Thomas, additional, Kalmykova, Svetlana, additional, Mürdter, Thomas E., additional, Dahlke, Marc-H., additional, Sers, Christine, additional, Morkel, Markus, additional, Schwab, Matthias, additional, Kontermann, Roland E., additional, and Olayioye, Monilola A., additional

Published
2022
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90. Differentiation of Perilesional Edema in Glioblastomas and Brain Metastases: Comparison of Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and Diffusion Microstructure Imaging.

Author

Würtemberger, Urs, Rau, Alexander, Reisert, Marco, Kellner, Elias, Diebold, Martin, Erny, Daniel, Reinacher, Peter C., Hosp, Jonas A., Hohenhaus, Marc, Urbach, Horst, and Demerath, Theo

Subjects
*BRAIN anatomy, *CELL differentiation, *NEURAL pathways, *GLIOMAS, *METASTASIS, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *BRAIN tumors, *RESEARCH funding, *HISTOLOGY, *CEREBROSPINAL fluid, *EDEMA
Abstract

Simple Summary: Perilesional T2 hyperintensity in glioblastomas and brain metastases shows neuropathologically detectable differences in the extent of edema formation. We compared novel diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI) with the more established NODDI and DTI techniques to determine if they could detect differences in free water content. Using DMI V-CSF and DTI MD, we found significant differences between glioblastomas and brain metastases in this regard but not with NODDI V-ISO. Although the free water content within the perilesional T2 hyperintense region should differ between glioblastomas (GBM) and brain metastases based on histological differences, the application of classical MR diffusion models has led to inconsistent results regarding the differentiation between these two entities. Whereas diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) considers the voxel as a single compartment, multicompartment approaches such as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) or the recently introduced diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI) allow for the calculation of the relative proportions of intra- and extra-axonal and also free water compartments in brain tissue. We investigate the potential of water-sensitive DTI, NODDI and DMI metrics to detect differences in free water content of the perilesional T2 hyperintense area between histopathologically confirmed GBM and brain metastases. Respective diffusion metrics most susceptible to alterations in the free water content (MD, V-ISO, V-CSF) were extracted from T2 hyperintense perilesional areas, normalized and compared in 24 patients with GBM and 25 with brain metastases. DTI MD was significantly increased in metastases (p = 0.006) compared to GBM, which was corroborated by an increased DMI V-CSF (p = 0.001), while the NODDI-derived ISO-VF showed only trend level increase in metastases not reaching significance (p = 0.060). In conclusion, diffusion MRI metrics are able to detect subtle differences in the free water content of perilesional T2 hyperintense areas in GBM and metastases, whereas DMI seems to be superior to DTI and NODDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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91. Neuropsychologic Profiles and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Neurocognitive Long COVID Syndrome

Author

Dressing, Andrea, primary, Bormann, Tobias, additional, Blazhenets, Ganna, additional, Schroeter, Nils, additional, Walter, Lea I., additional, Thurow, Johannes, additional, August, Dietrich, additional, Hilger, Hanna, additional, Stete, Katarina, additional, Gerstacker, Kathrin, additional, Arndt, Susan, additional, Rau, Alexander, additional, Urbach, Horst, additional, Rieg, Siegbert, additional, Wagner, Dirk, additional, Weiller, Cornelius, additional, Meyer, Philipp T., additional, and Hosp, Jonas A., additional

Published
2021
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94. Application of Augmented Reality in Percutaneous Procedures - Rhizotomy of the Gasserian Ganglion

Author

Rau, Alexander, Roelz, Roland, Urbach, Horst, Coenen, Volker Arnd, Demerath, Theo, Reinacher, Peter Christoph, and Publica

Subjects
cranial nerve, Functional neurosurgery, Gasserian Ganglion, augmented reality, Trigeminal neuralgia, Rhizotomy
Abstract

BACKGROUND Percutaneous rhizotomy of the Gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia is an effective therapeutic procedure. Yet, landmark-guided cannulation of the foramen ovale is manually challenging and difficult to learn. OBJECTIVE To overcome these limitations, we assessed the feasibility and accuracy of an augmented reality (AR)-guided puncture of the foramen ovale. METHODS A head phantom with soft tissue structures of the facial area was built. A three-dimensional (3D)-dataset of the phantom was generated using a stereotactic planning workstation. An optimal trajectory to the foramen ovale was created and then transferred to an AR headset. A total of 2 neurosurgeons and 2 neuroradiologists independently performed 8 AR-guided and 8 landmark-guided cannulations of the foramen ovale, respectively. For each AR-guided cannulation, the hologram was manually aligned with the phantom. Accuracy of the cannulation was evaluated using the Euclidean distance to the target point as well as the lateral deviation of the achieved trajectory from the planned trajectory at target point level. RESULTS With the help of AR guidance, a successful cannulation of the foramen ovale was achieved in 90.6% compared to the purely landmark-based method with 18.8%. Euclidean distance and lateral deviation were significantly lower with AR guidance than landmark guidance (P < .01).CONCLUSIONAR greatly improved accuracy of simulated percutaneous rhizotomy of the Gasserian ganglion.

Published
2021

95. Using Corrective Feedback to Improve Grammatical Accuracy in Student Writing in the EFL Classroom

Author

Rau, Alexander and Johansson, Caroline

Subjects
Grammar, EFL, Direct Feedback, Corrective Feedback, Writing Skills, Focused Feedback, Lärande, ESL, Indirect Feedback, Unfocused Feedback, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Dynamic feedback, Learning, SLA, Accuracy, Meta-linguistic Feedback
Abstract

With the rise of English as the go-to language in the world, it has also become an important subject in the Swedish education system, aimed at preparing students for the English requirements expected of them in higher education and business. However, communication and content have become the main focus in the classroom, with grammar and accuracy being judged as variably important from teacher to teacher. This has led to students feeling confident in speaking, but lacking the skills needed to create accurate and coherent texts, the effects of which are detrimental to their credibility and can have serious negative effects in the workplace. The aim of this paper is to investigate the efficacy of different methods of corrective feedback (CF) aimed at improving grammatical accuracy in student writing. Eight studies were selected, looking at different methods of CF. The results showed that CF is indeed effective, but that many factors such as language proficiency, previous experience, scope of CF and error type influence the outcome of the CF. The implications of this are very relevant to the English classroom in Sweden as the classroom is not homogenous and teachers must take care to become aware of each student’s individual needs, prior knowledge and preferences in order to maximize the effectiveness of the CF. Future research could explore the effects of Dynamic CF and peer-reviewing, providing students with many opportunities to write and revise short texts while simultaneously actively engaging with language form.

Published
2021

100. Cognitive impairment and altered cerebral glucose metabolism in the subacute stage of COVID-19

Author

Hosp, Jonas A, primary, Dressing, Andrea, additional, Blazhenets, Ganna, additional, Bormann, Tobias, additional, Rau, Alexander, additional, Schwabenland, Marius, additional, Thurow, Johannes, additional, Wagner, Dirk, additional, Waller, Cornelius, additional, Niesen, Wolf D, additional, Frings, Lars, additional, Urbach, Horst, additional, Prinz, Marco, additional, Weiller, Cornelius, additional, Schroeter, Nils, additional, and Meyer, Philipp T, additional

Published
2021
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