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51. Claviceps arundinis identification and its role in the die-back syndrome of Phragmites australis populations in central Italy.

Author

Cerri, M., Reale, L., Moretti, C., Buonaurio, R., Coppi, A., Ferri, V., Foggi, B., Gigante, D., Lastrucci, L., Quaglia, M., Venanzoni, R., and Ferranti, F.

Subjects
*CLAVICEPS, *DIEBACK, *PHRAGMITES australis, *PLANT species, *BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

Common reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. is one of the most widely distributed angiosperms with important ecological functions. In recent decades, it has been affected by a severe decline known as reed die-back syndrome (RDBS), the causal factors of which are still under investigation. Among the biotic factors that influence the dynamic of the reed population, the role of microorganisms is still poorly understood. During surveys carried out on P. australis populations in Central Italy, Claviceps-like sclerotia were detected: is Claviceps infection related to P. australis sexual reproduction and seed production? Could Claviceps infection be involved in the RDBS? These are the questions that we address. We characterized the sclerotia at the morphological, molecular, and chemical level and we demonstrated that they belong to Claviceps arundinis Pažoutová & M. Kolařík. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. arundinis on P. australis in Italy. Furthermore, the association of C. arundinis with RDBS was evaluated considering a set of macromorphological traits generally related to RDBS, such as P. australis clumping habit, culm height and diameter. No correlation was seen between the occurrence of C. arundinis and the declining status of reed populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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52. Long-Duration Soft X-Ray Pulses by XeCl Laser Driven Plasmas and Applications

Author

Bollanti, S., DI LAZZARO, P., Flora, F., Giordano, G., Letardi, T., Schina, G., Zheng, C. E., Filippi, L., Palladino, Libero, Reale, A., Taglieri, Giuliana, Batani, D., Mauri, A., Belli, M., Scafati, A., Reale, L., Albertano, P., Grilli, A., Faenov, A., Pikuz, T., and Cotton, R.

Subjects
Radiation, Excimer lasers, Plasmas sources, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Instrumentation
Published
1995

53. Contact X-ray Microscopy using the Asterix Laser Source

Author

BATANI, DINO DIMITRI, MORET, MASSIMO, MILANI, MARZIALE, Botto, C, Bortolotto, F, Masini, A, Bernardinello, A, Eidmann, K, Poletti, G, Cotelli, F, Donin, CLL, Piccoli, S, Stead, A, Ford, T, Marranca, A, Flora, F, Palladino, L, Reale, L., Batani, D, Botto, C, Bortolotto, F, Masini, A, Bernardinello, A, Moret, M, Milani, M, Eidmann, K, Poletti, G, Cotelli, F, Donin, C, Piccoli, S, Stead, A, Ford, T, Marranca, A, Flora, F, Palladino, L, and Reale, L

Subjects
X-ray Contact Microscopy, laser produced plasma, FIS/07 - FISICA APPLICATA (A BENI CULTURALI, AMBIENTALI, BIOLOGIA E MEDICINA), FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA
Abstract

The use of a high energy laser source for Soft X-Ray Contact Microscopy (SXCM) is discussed. Different targets have been used and their emission spectra recorded and compared inside and outside the Water Window spectral region. Up to twelve sample holders per shot have been exposed, thanks to the large X-ray flux and the geometry of the interaction chamber. Images of biological samples have been obtained, including Chlamydomonas, Phytomonas, Saccaromyces Cerevisiae yeast cells and pig sperm. A 50 nm resolution has been achieved and original biological information concerning the inner structure of the cells has been obtained.

Published
2000

54. FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS OF MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, A MODEL FOR LEGUME SPECIES: RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF TRANSLATION TO CROPS

Author

PANARA F, CARELLI M, BIAZZI E, TAVA A, PORCEDDU A, GRAHAM N, PAOLOCCI F, PASSERI V, DAMIANI F, REALE L, FERRANTI F, TADEGE M, MYSORE K, ODOARDI M, PIANO E, ARCIONI S, SCOTTI C, and CALDERINI O

Abstract

Legume species are a major source of protein for both human and animal nutrition. Proteins from legumes possess the highest sustainability because, among other reasons, legume plants have positive impact on soil fertility due to their ability to fix nitrogen via rhizobial symbioses. Medicago truncatula was chosen as a model for legumes because it is diploid, with a relatively small genome (450-550 Mb), self-fertile, relatively easy to transform, and it has a short generation time. In the last years several mutant collections became available in both Europe and USA, based on different strategies: chemical mutagenesis (TILLING); deletion mutagenesis (fast-neutron bombardment and -rays); insertional mutagenesis (transposons such as Tnt1) (Porceddu et al, 2008; Tadege et al., 2009, Rogers et al., 2009 ). Part of these collections were produced in Italy and used for isolating mutants of interest related to traits of practical relevance, in particular a key gene involved in saponin biosynthesis was identified. The possibility to speed up knowledge of the genetic control of traits of agronomic interest and translate such knowledge to crop legumes via different means will be discussed. Porceddu A, Panara F, Calderini O, Molinari L, Taviani P, Lanfaloni L, Scotti C, Carelli M, Scaramelli L, Bruschi G, Cosson V, Ratet P, de Larembergue H, Duc G, Piano E, Arcioni S (2008) An Italian functional genomic resource for Medicago truncatula BMC Res Notes 1:129. Rogers C, Wen J, Chen R, Oldroyd G Deletion-based reverse genetics in Medicago truncatula Plant Physiol. 2009 151(3):1077-86. Tadege M, Wang TL,Wen J, Ratet P, Mysore KS (2009) Mutagenesis and beyond! Tools for understanding legume biology. Plant Physiol. 151(3):978-84.

Published
2010

55. Surgical management of acute pancreatitis in Italy: lessons from a prospective multicentre study

Author

DE RAI, P, Zerbi, A, Castoldi, L, Bassi, C, Frulloni, L, Uomo, G, Gabbrielli, A, Pezzilli, R, Cavallini, G, DI CARLO, V, PROINF AISP PROGETTO INFORMATIZZATO PANCREATITE ACUTA, ASSOCIAZIONE ITALIANA PER LO STUDIO DEL PANCREAS COMPUTERIZED PROJECT ON ACUTE PANCREATITIS, COLLABORATORS AGUGIARO S, ITALIAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF THE PANCREAS STUDY G. R. O. U. P., Turri, L, Bartoli, A, Barberini, F, Cavazzoni, G, Bartolo, F, Papa, Dd, Bassi, Nicolo', Massani, M, Benedetti, A, Macarri, G, Piergallini, L, Briani, G, Bartolasi, L, Bugnano, L, Buonanno, Gm, Esposito, C, Cordovana, A, Cavina, E, Seccia, M, Lippolis, P, Musco, B, Barletta, M, Chilovi, E, DE GUELFI, A, Chirletti, P, Caronna, R, Scozzafava, S, Cardi, M, Cirino, E, Buffone, A, Colangelo, E, Caracino, V, Cortese, F, Casentini, A, Costamagna, G, Trincali, A, Curzio, M, Clivio, S, Segato, S, D'Alessandro, A, Ambrosiani, V, D'Ambrosio, B, Chiodo, C, Dicillo, M, Reale, L, Grandolfo, A, Fabbrucci, P, Bruscino, A, Mugnaini, P, Ferrarese, S, Ugenti, I, Forte, Gb, Rocco, P, Franzãˆ, A, Bertelãˆ, A, Sereni, G, Friedman, D, Mariani, L, Morelli, F, Gai, V, Antro, C, Garcea, D, Gardini, A, Lucci, E, Giulianotti, Pc, Sbrana, F, Balestracci, T, Giulini, Sm, Pellizzari, A, Ronconi, M, Cimaschi, S, Grassini, M, Lacignola, S, Calandro, L, Mazzitelli, L, Costarella, Sm, Egidio, A, Teggia, Pm, Stefano, E, Cassini, P, Modica, G, Lupo, F, Giraci, G, Mosca, F, DEL CHIARO, M, Mosella, G, Benassai, G, Nanni, M, D'Aristotile, A, Negro, P, Pirazzoli, A, Rabitti, Pg, Romano, C, Gerardi, G, Troianello, B, Russello, D, DI STEFANO, A, Avelli, S, Salval, N, Bellini, N, Scalon, P, Staudacher, C, Parolini, D, Strazzabosco, M, Signorelli, S, Tedeschi, U, Testoni, Pa, Masci, E, Mariani, A, Torelli, E, Garcea, Mr, Lombardi, V, Lecconi, L, Valeri, L, Presenti, L, Alessio, F, Ventrucci, M, Virzi, S, and Cipolla, A.

Published
2010

56. SNOM images of X-rays radiographs at nano-scale stored in a thin layer of Lithium Fluoride

Author

Oliva C., Ustione A., Almaviva S., Baldacchini G., Bonfigli F., Flora F., Lai A., Montereali R. M., Faenov A.Ya., Pikuz T.A., Francucci M., Gaudio P., Martellucci S., Richetta M., Reale L., and Cricenti A.

Subjects
genetic structures, eye diseases
Abstract

In this work, we report a method to observe soft X-ray radiographs at nanoscale of various kind of samples, biological and metallic, stored in a thin layer of lithium fluoride, employing scanning near-field optical microscopy with an optical resolution that reaches 50 nm. lithium fluoride material works as a novel image detector for X-ray nano-radiographs, due to the fact that extreme ultraviolet radiation and soft X-rays efficiently produce stable point defects emitting optically stimulated visible luminescence in a thin surface layer. The bi-dimensional distribution of the so-created defects depends on the local nanostructure of the investigated sample.

Published
2008

64. Diagnostic assessment and outcome of acute pancreatitis in Italy: results of a prospective multicentre study. ProInf-AISP: Progetto informatizzato pancreatite acuta, Associazione Italiana Studio Pancreas, phase II

Author

Uomo, G, Pezzilli, R., Gabbrielli, A., Castoldi, L., Zerbi, A., Frulloni, L., De Rai, P., Cavallini, G., Di Carlo, V., Agugiaro, S., Turri, L., Bartoli, A., Barberini, F., Cavazoni, G., Bartolo, F., Della Papa, D., Bassi, C., Bassi, N., Massani, M., Benedetti, A., Macarri, G., Piergallini, L., Briani, G., Bartolasi, L., Brugnano, L., Buonanno, G. M., Esposito, C., Cardovana, A., Cavina, E., Seccia, M., Lipollis, P., Musco, B., Barletta, M., Chilovi, E., De Guelmi, A., Chirletti, P., Caronna, R., Scozzafava, S., Cardi, M., Cirrino, E., Buffone, A., Colangelo, E., Caracino, V., Cortese, F., Cosentini, A., Costamagna, G., Tringali, A., Curzio, M., Clivio, S., Segato, S., D'Alessandro, A., Ambrosini, V., D'Amborsio, B., Chiodo, C., Dicillo, M., Reale, L., Grandolfo, A., Fabbrucci, P., Bruscino, A., Mugnaini, P., Ferrarese, S., Ugenti, I., Forte, G. B., Rocco, P., Franzè, A., Bertelè, A., Sereni, G., Friedman, Daniele, Mariani, L. M., Murelli, Federica, Gai, V., Antro, C., Garcea, D., Gardini, A., Lucci, E., Giulianotti, P. C., Sbrana, F., Balestracci, T., Giulini, S. M., Pellizzari, A., Ronconi, M., Cimaschi, S., Grassini, M., Lacitignola, S., Caliandro, L., Mazzitelli, R., Costarella, S. M., Egidio, A., Mello Teggia, P., Stefano, E., Cassini, P., Modica, G., Lupo, F., Giraci, G., Mosca, F., Del Chiaro, M., Mosella, G., Benassai, G., Nanni, M., D'Aristotile, A., Negro, P., Pirazzoli, A., Rabitti, P. G., Romano, C., Gerardi, G., Troianello, B., Russello, D., Di Stefano, A., Avelli, S., Salvai, M., Bellini, N., Scalon, P., Staudacher, C., Parolini, D., Strazzabosco, M., Signorelli, S., Tedeschi, U., Testoni, P. A., Masci, E., Mariani, A., Torelli, E., Garcea, M. R., Lombardi, V., Cecconi, L., Valeri, A., Presenti, L., Alessio, F., Ventrucci, M., Virzì, S., and Cipolla, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pancreatic necrosis, Severity of Illness Index, Body Mass Index, Acute Pancreatitis, Clinical outcome, Computed tomography, Diagnosis, Pancreatitis, Prognosis, Ultrasonography, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Creatinine, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Endoscopic Retrograde, 80 and over, treatment, Medicine (all), Cholangiopancreatography, acute pancreatitis, diagnosis
Abstract

Up till now, only one study providing practically complete information on acute pancreatitis in Italy has been published. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, in terms of diagnostic assessment and outcome, of a large series of patients affected by acute pancreatitis in Italy.The study involved 56 Italian centres, homogeneously distributed throughout the entire national territory. Each participating centre was furnished with an ad hoc software including 530 items along with subsequent collection, tabulation and quality control of the data.One thousand five hundred and forty case report forms of patients affected by acute pancreatitis were collected but 367 of them (24%) were subsequently eliminated from the final analysis. Therefore, 1173 patients (581 females and 592 males) were recruited. Mean age of patients was 62.0+/-18.2 years (95% confidence interval, 60.9-63.0). On the basis of Atlanta classification, 1006 patients (85.8%) were defined as mild and 167 (14.2%) as severe pancreatitis. Biliary forms represented the most frequent aetiological category (813 cases, 69.3%) while alcoholic forms only 6.6% (77 cases); the remaining aetiologies accounted for 7.1% (83 cases) while 200 cases (17.1%) remained without a definite aetiological factor. Complete recovery was achieved in 1016 patients (86.6%) whereas morphological sequelae were found in 121 patients (10.3%) and mortality in 36 patients (3.1%; 0.4% in mild and 19.2% in severe acute pancreatitis). Ultrasonography was largely utilised as a first line diagnostic tool in all patients, with valuable visualisation of the pancreas in 85% of patients. Computer tomography scan was also widely used, with 66.7% of exams in mild and 33.3% in severe pancreatitis. Patients affected by biliary pancreatitis presented more severe (p=0.004) and necrotizing forms (p=0.021). Mortality was significantly related (p0.001) with the extension of pancreatic necrosis and with an age of over 70 years. Body mass index presented significantly greater values in severe than in mild forms (p0.001).Association of creatinine serum level over 2mg/dl with an abnormal chest X-ray showed a high significant correlation with a more severe outcome in terms of morphological sequelae and mortality (p=0.0001). Acute pancreatitis in Italy more commonly presents biliary aetiology and favourable outcome with low rate of complications and mortality. From a cost-effectiveness standpoint, diagnostic approach to this disease needs to be better standardised.

Published
2007

65. A prospective multicentre survey on the treatment of acute pancreatitis in Italy

Author

Pezzilli, R, Uomo, G., Gabbrielli, A., Zerbi, A., Frulloni, L., De Rai, P., Castoldi, L., Cavallini, G., Di Carlo, V., Agugiaro, S., Turri, L., Bartoli, A., Barberini, F., Cavazoni, G., Bartolo, F., Della Papa, D., Bassi, C., Bassi, N., Massani, M., Benedetti, A., Macarri, G., Piergallini, L., Briani, G., Bartolasi, L., Brugnano, L., Buonanno, G. M., Esposito, C., Cardovana, A., Cavina, E., Seccia, M., Lipollis, P., Musco, B., Barletta, M., Chilovi, E., De Guelmi, A., Chirletti, Piero, Caronna, Roberto, Scozzafava, S., Cardi, Maurizio, Cirino, E., Buffone, A., Colangelo, E., Caracino, V., Cortese, F., Cosentini, A., Costamagna, G., Tringali, A., Curzio, M., Clivio, S., Segato, S., D'Alessandro, A., Ambrosini, V., D'Amborsio, B., Chiodo, C., Dicillo, M., Reale, L., Grandolfo, A., Fabbrucci, P., Bruscino, A., Mugnaini, P., Ferrarese, S., Ugenti, I., Forte, G. B., Rocco, P., Franzè, A., Bertelè, A., Sereni, G., Friedman, D., Mariani, L. M., Murelli, F., Gai, V., Antro, C., Garcea, D., Gardini, A., Lucci, E., Giulianotti, P. C., Sbrana, F., Balestracci, T., Giulini, S. M., Pellizzari, A., Ronconi, M., Cimaschi, S., Grassini, M., Lacitignola, S., Caliandro, L., Mazzitelli, R., Costarella, S. M., Egidio, A., Mello Teggia, P., Stefano, E., Cassini, P., Modica, G., Lupo, F., Giraci, G., Mosca, F., Del Chiaro, M., Mosella, G., Benassai, G., Nanni, M., D'Aristotile, A., Negro, P., Pirazzoli, A., Rabitti, P. G., Romano, C., Gerardi, G., Troianello, B., Russello, D., Di Stefano, A., Avelli, S., Salvai, M., Bellini, N., Scalon, P., Staudacher, C., Parolini, D., Strazzabosco, M., Signorelli, S., Tedeschi, U., Testoni, P. A., Masci, E., Mariani, A., Torelli, E., Garcea, M. R., Lombardi, V., Cecconi, L., Valeri, A., Presenti, L., Alessio, F., Ventrucci, M., Virzi, S., and Cipolla, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, ERCP, Pancreatitis, Pancreatitis acute necrotising, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Female, Histamine Antagonists, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Medicine (all), Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Therapeutic approach, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, 80 and over, Medicine, Prospective cohort study, business.industry, medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute pancreatitis, Tramadol, business, Pancreas, medicine.drug
Abstract

The Italian Association for the Study of the Pancreas released a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for acute pancreatitis in 1999.This study focused on the analysis of the therapeutic approach for the treatment of acute pancreatitis in Italy.One thousand, one hundred and seventy-three patients were recruited: 1006 patients (85.8%) had mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) and 167 (14.2%) had the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP); 161 patients showed pancreatic necrosis at computed tomography; 121 patients (10.3%) had sequelae and 36 (3.1%) died.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tramadol were used more frequently in patients with the MAP whereas opioids and the association schedules were used more frequently in patients with the SAP (P0.001). Gabexate mesilate was utilised in 831 out of 1173 patients (70.8%); in particular, gabexate mesilate was used in 70.6% patients with MAP and in 73.1% of those with SAP (P=0.521). The duration of the drug administration was significantly shorter in those having MAP than in those having the SAP (P0.001). The antibiotics most frequently used for the prophylaxis against infection from pancreatic necrosis (43.1%) were carbapenems. Only a small number of patients received enteral nutrition (4.7%). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was carried out in 344 of the 1173 patients (29.3%). Surgery was performed in 48 with SAP (19 had elective biliary surgery and 29 had pancreatic surgery).The results of this survey indicate a lack of compliance with the guidelines which regard the indications mainly for interventional endoscopy and surgery.

Published
2007

66. Versatile lithium fluoride thin film detectors for nanoscale imaging

Author

Montereali, R, Almaviva, S, Baldacchini, G, Flora, F, Franzini, I, Lai, A, Pace, A, Vicenti, M, Faenov, A, Pikuz, T, Reale, L, Gaudio, P, Martellucci, S, Richetta, M, Cricenti, A, Oliva, C, Ustione, A, Cedola, A, Lagomarsino, S, and Nichelatti, E

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2007

70. Sorgente laser-plasma: microstrutture e microradiografie su cristalli di lif con raggi x molli

Author

Bellecci, C, Francucci, M, Gaudio, P, Martellucci, S, Richetta, M, Faenov, A, Pikuz, T, Almaviva, S, Baldacchini, G, Bollanti, S, Bonfigli, F, Di Lazzaro, P, Flora, F, Lai, A, Mezi, L, Montereali, R, Murra, D, Pace, A, Amodio, A, Limongi, T, Palladino, L, Reale, A, Reale, L, Tommassetti, G, Vincenti, M, and Vullkai, I

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2006

72. Micro-radiographs stored in lithium fluoride films observed by scanning near-field optical microscopy

Author

Ustione A., Cricenti A., Bonfigli F., Flora F., Lai A., Marolo T., Montereali R.M., Baldacchini G., Faenov A., Pikuz T., and Reale L.

Abstract

A new simple method to get soft X-ray micro-radiographs of biological material with a spatial resolution reaching 50 nm is described. A thin film of lithium fluoride (LiF) works as image detector, storing the micro-radiograph obtained exposing biological material to Extreme Ultra-Violet and soft X-ray radiations. Scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) is used to read the micro-radiograph at nanometric resolution up to L/12, collecting the fluorescence (L = 650 nm) excited by an Ar+ laser light (L = 458 nm)

Published
2006

73. Detection of Heavy metals in Various Biological Samples

Author

Reale, L, l. a. i. a., Anatoly, A, Pikuz, T, Flora, F, Mezi, L, Baldacchini, G, Spano, L, Poma, A, del borello, T, Tucci, A, Limongi, T, Palladino, L, Ritucci, A, Tommassetti, G, Reale, A, Francucci, M, Martellucci, S, Richetta, M, Rydzy, A, Gaudio, P, and Bellecci, C

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2005

74. SNOM characterization of micro-radiographs stored in lithium fluoride thin films

Author

Ustione A., Cricenti A., Bonfigli F., Flora F., Lai A., Marolo T., Montereali R.M., Baldacchini G., Faenov A., Pikuz T., and Reale L.

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

Nowadays the possibility to obtain micro-radiographs is limited in resolution by the detection properties of the used technique. Here we show a new method to create and observe micro-radiographs. A thin film of Lithium Fluoride works as image detector, storing the micro-radiograph obtained exposing biological material to Extreme Ultra-Violet and soft X-ray radiations. To read the stored image, collecting the optically stimulated luminescence of the active color centers produced by the X-rays, a Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscope (SNOM) is used, for its peculiarity to overcome the diffraction limit, showing details smaller than the wavelength of the collected light. The samples were illuminated with 458 nm laser light and an uncoated tapered optical fiber was collecting the fluorescent signal emitted by the Lithium Fluoride color centers. The SNOM images of these micro-radiographs stored in Lithium Fluoride films showed an optical resolution of 50 nm, corresponding to lambda/12, where lambda is the wavelength of the collected light.

Published
2005

75. Stochastic resonance in the LIF models with input or threshold noise

Author

Barbi M. and Reale L.

Abstract

In this paper, two stochastic versions of the LIF neural model are considered: one with the noise signal applied to the firing threshold, the other having it added to the input current. Then, adopting a discontinuous stepwise noise whose innovations are uncorrelated and gaussian distributed, the behaviours of the two models pertaining to the stochastic resonance (SR) are analysed and compared. Furthermore, it is shown that introducing a suitable time correlation into the noise signal brings us from the first model to the second one.

Published
2005

82. Stochastic resonance in a sinusoidally forced LIFmodel with noisy threshold

Author

Barbi M., Chillemi S., Di Garbo A., and Reale L.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

In this report, the LIF neural model driven by underthreshold sinusoidal signals but with a gaussian-distributed noise on the threshold, is approximated by suitably defining an instantaneous firing (or escape) rate, which depends only on the momentary value of the voltage variable. This allows us to obtain, by analytically solving the relevant equations, the main statistical functions describing the "firing activity"; namely, the probability density function of firing phases and that of interspike intervals. From these functions two quantities can be derived, whose dependence on the noise intensity allows the Stochastic Resonance (SR) to be demonstrated. Besides the "regular" SR, the analysed system was found to produce, either for low frequencies and large amplitudes of modulation or for high modulation frequencies, resonance curves displaying two peaks. This bimodal feature of the resonance curves is accounted for on the basis of phase locked firing patterns.

Published
2003

85. CHANGING THE SHAPE OF PETUNIA COROLLA

Author

Zenoni, Sara, Reale, L., Tornielli, Giovanni Battista, Lanfaloni, L., Moretti, C., Ferrarini, Alberto, Zamboni, Anita, Romano, B., Ferranti, F., and Pezzotti, Mario

Subjects
petunia hybrida, expansin, functional genetics
Published
2002

86. Patterns of cell division and expansion in developing petals of Petunia hybrida

Author

Reale L., Porceddu A., Lanfaloni L., Moretti C., Zenoni S., Pezzotti M., Romano B., and Ferranti F.

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

The definition of the patterns of cell division and expansion in plant development is of fundamental importance in understanding the mechanics of morphogenesis. By studying cell division and expansion patterns, we have assembled a developmental map of Petunia hybrida petals. Cycling cells were labelled with in situ markers of the cell cycle, whereas cell expansion was followed by assessing cell size in representative regions of developing petals. The outlined cell division and expansion patterns were related to organ asymmetry. Initially, cell divisions are uniformly distributed throughout the petal and decline gradually, starting from the basal part, to form a striking gradient of acropetal polarity. Cell areas, in contrast, increased first in the basal portion and then gradually towards the petal tip. This growth strategy highlighted a cell size control model based on cell-cycle departure time. The dorso-ventral asymmetry can be explained in terms of differential regulation of cell expansion. Cells of the abaxial epidermis enlarged earlier to a higher final extent than those of the adaxial epidermis. Epidermal appendage differentiation contributed to the remaining asymmetry. On the whole our study provides a sound basis for mutant analyses and to investigate the impact of specific (environmental) factors on petal growth

Published
2002

98. Histological investigation on gall development induced by a worldwide invasive pest, Dryocosmus kuriphilus , on Castanea sativa.

Author

Reale, L., Tedeschini, E., Rondoni, G., Ricci, C., Bin, F., Frenguelli, G., and Ferranti, F.

Subjects
*GALL insects, *INTRODUCED species, *CHESTNUT, *HYMENOPTERA, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *PLANT cells & tissues
Abstract

The Asian chestnut gall waspDryocosmus kuriphilus(Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is one of the most serious pests of chestnut trees worldwide. Wasps lay eggs into chestnut buds from mid Jane to late July, depending on latitude, and galls develop the following spring on new vegetation, reducing photosynthesis and nut production. We observed that modification of tissues surroundingD. kuriphiluseggs, which differentiate to form the larval chamber, started approximately 1 month after oviposition, shortly after eggs hatch. The larval chambers continued to increase slightly in size throughout the autumn months until January. After that, a period of stagnation, which corresponds to the plant's dormancy, occurred, followed by rapid growth from March to May, during the period from bud swelling to bud break. Galls continued to grow during the leaf expansion after bud break and stopped when plant organs achieved their final size. Our results have implications for the management of the pest, providing a better understanding of the critical time periods for the effective control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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100. Ovary Size in Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) is Related to Cell Number

Author

Reale, L., Rosati, A., Tedeschini, E., Ferri, V., Cerri, M., Ghitarrini, S., Timorato, V., Ayano, B. E., Porfiri, O., Frenguelli, G., Ferranti, F., and Benincasa, P.

Abstract

In wheat and other grain species, variations in kernel size are related to variations in ovary size. It is not known whether environmental factors that are known to affect kernel size may also affect ovary size, thus maintaining the kernel size‐ovary size correlation. Additionally, it is not known whether variations in ovary size in wheat depend on cell size, cell number or both. In this study, ovary size was measured with a stereomicroscope, and ovary wall cell size and number were measured in equatorial cross‐sectional areas of the ovary wall in two common wheat cultivars with different kernel size: Bora (large kernels) and Bologna (small kernels). Plants were grown at low and high N fertilization (0 and 240 kg ha−1) with normal density (450 seeds m−2), and at low and high plant density (200 and 650 plants m−2) with normal fertilization (160 kg N ha−1). The variation in ovary wall size across all data pooled (i.e., including two genotypes, two N and two density treatments, and including within treatment variations), was related to cell number and not to the cell size, which did not vary significantly with cultivar and field practices. With increasing ovule size, ovary wall size increased less than proportionally, thus the ovule/ovary ratio increased. Cell size in the ovary wall showed an upper limit across all treatments, which decreased with increasing cell number. These findings may be useful for breeding programs and field practices aimed at increasing kernel size and yield.

Published
2017
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