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To solve the global energy and freshwater crises, interfacial solar evaporation has received more and more attention. However, constructing 3D evaporators in a facile and cost-effective way is still a crucial challenge. In this work, we propose a cost-effective approach to construct 3D biodegradable foams by combining melt blending and surface coating for simultaneous solar-vapor and thermoelectricity conversion. Benefiting from the fast water supply and super-photothermal conversion, the foam attains an evaporation rate of 4.33 kg m−2 h−1 and electric power density of 0.8 W m−2 under 1 sun irradiation. In outdoor environments, the electricity produced by eight devices can power a small fan or a LED display. Moreover, the foam can be degraded in 2% NaOH solution after use. The proposed method presents a promising approach for the mass production of 3D evaporators to solve freshwater and electricity shortages in off-grid or remote areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flashover failure and damage of polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET) films under nanosecond current pulses were experimentally investigated. A nanosecond pulse current test platform was established to study the flashover characteristics, performance degradation, and structural damage of dielectric films under repeated nanosecond current pulses. The accumulation and emission of surface charge influenced by field distortion and trap distribution were analyzed to clarify the mechanism by which the flashover voltage increases linearly with gas pressure at low pressure and saturates at high pressure. The significant effects of pulse energy, gas pressure, and discharge gap on film damage behavior were investigated. The damage pattern of PP and PET films includes surface deformation, reduced flash-voltage tolerance, molecular chain breakage, and group shedding. The damage of PP films is manifested as fine furrows, while PET corresponds to mountainous bumps. With the increasing number of discharges, the breakdown voltage of PP films decreased significantly, while the flash tolerance performance of PET films was more stable. Under the conditions of high pulse current amplitude, small discharge gap, and low air pressure, the damage degree of the film intensifies, which is characterized by severe destruction to the molecular structure and a significant decrease in flashover withstand voltage. Polymer films, flashover, nanosecond current pulses; performance degradation; microstructural damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical urban boundaries (PUBs) are basic geographic information data for defining the spatial extent of urban landscapes with non-agricultural land and non-agricultural economic activities. Accurately mapping PUBs provides a spatiotemporal database for urban dynamic monitoring, territorial spatial planning, and ecological environment protection. However, traditional extraction methods often have problems, such as subjective parameter settings and inconsistent cartographic scales, making it difficult to identify PUBs objectively and accurately. To address these problems, we proposed a self-supervised learning approach for PUB extraction. First, we used nighttime light and OpenStreetMap road data to map the initial urban boundary for data preparation. Then, we designed a pretext task of self-supervised learning based on an unsupervised mutation detection algorithm to automatically mine supervised information in unlabeled data, which can avoid subjective human interference. Finally, a downstream task was designed as a supervised learning task in Google Earth Engine to classify urban and non-urban areas using impervious surface density and nighttime light data, which can solve the scale inconsistency problem. Based on the proposed method, we produced a 30 m resolution China PUB dataset containing six years (i.e., 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020). Our PUBs show good agreement with existing products and accurately describe the spatial extent of urban areas, effectively distinguishing urban and non-urban areas. Moreover, we found that the gap between the national per capita GDP and the urban per capita GDP is gradually decreasing, but regional coordinated development and intensive development still need to be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harvesting solar energy in an effective manner for steam and electricity generation is a promising technique to simultaneously cope with the energy and water crises. However, the construction of efficient and easy scale‐up photothermal materials for steam and electricity cogeneration remains challenging. Herein, we report a facile and cost‐effective strategy to prepare MnO2‐decorated cotton cloth (MCx). The wide adsorption spectrum and excellent photothermal conversion ability of the in situ‐formed MnO2 nanoparticles make the MCx to be advanced photothermal materials. Consequently, the hybrid device integrated with MCx as the photothermal layer and the thermoelectric (TE) module for electricity power conversion exhibits an extremely high evaporation rate of 2.24 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 kW m−2 irradiation, which is ranked among the most powerful solar evaporators. More importantly, during solar evaporation, the hybrid device produces an open‐circuit voltage of 0.3 V and a power output of 1.6 W m−2 under 3 Sun irradiation, and outperforms most of the previously reported solar‐driven electricity generation devices. Therefore, the integrated device with synergistic solar‐thermal utilization opens up a green way toward simultaneous solar vapor and electric power generation in remote and resource‐constrained areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, doped HfO2 thin films have attracted considerable attention because of promising applications in complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)‐compatible ferroelectric memories. Herein, the ferroelectric properties and polarization fatigue of La:HfO2 thin‐film capacitors are reported. By varying the substrate lattice constant and film thickness, a robust remanent polarization of ≈16 μC cm−2 is achieved in a 12 nm‐thick Pt/La:HfO2/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 capacitor. Fatigue measurements are conducted using designed pulse sequences, in which the voltage, pulse width, and interval time are changed to observe the evolution of switchable polarization with increasing cycles. Severe fatigue is observed when the La:HfO2 capacitors are partially switched and the interval between the bipolar switching is elongated. These behaviors may be ascribed to the domain wall pinning scenario, in which domain switching is blocked by the migration and aggregation of charges on non‐electroneutral walls. Further analysis of the fatigue behaviors with a nucleation‐limited‐switching model shows that the mean time and activation field for polarization switching are increased in fatigued La:HfO2 capacitors because electrical stimuli are required to disperse the aggregated charges before the domains are set free. These results facilitate the design and fabrication of HfO2‐based ferroelectric memories with improved device reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Patient or Public Contribution To identify the determinants of family resilience in the recovery of individuals with schizophrenia using Walsh's family resilience framework.A cross‐sectional study.In Northeast China, 403 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were enrolled for this study, assessing family resilience, family communication, social support, illness knowledge, hope and family functioning. Regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 27.0, and mediation effects were examined using Mplus 7.0.Logistic regression showed that female gender and having a sibling as a caregiver were negatively associated with family resilience, while a higher educational level was positively associated. Mediation analysis showed that family functioning and hope levels mediated the impact of family communication, social support and disease knowledge on family resilience, confirming their crucial roles.Family functioning and hope are central in mediating the relationships between family communication, social support, illness knowledge and family resilience in families dealing with schizophrenia.The findings of this study enable psychiatric nurses and policymakers to devise intervention strategies that enhance family resilience among patients with schizophrenia, thereby facilitating their recovery and well‐being.No patient or public engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND The extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth requires precision and accuracy to mitigate iatrogenic damage to crucial anatomical structures during dental surgical procedures, thereby enhancing postoperative healing outcomes. Dynamic navigation systems (DNS) have been applied in dentistry in maxillofacial fractures, orthognathic surgery, root canal treatment, and endodontic surgery. CASE REPORT A 22-year-old female patient visited our department to assess and manage unerupted third molars. An initial cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was obtained. Radiographic and clinical examinations showed the presence of a supernumerary tooth impacted on the lingual side between the root of the lower second premolar and the lower first molar and bilateral lower impacted third molars. The patient agreed to removal of these teeth. To perform the treatment planning of this case and to guide the surgeon intraoperatively, a dynamic surgical navigation system was recommended for surgical extraction of a supernumerary tooth and the impacted third molars. CONCLUSIONS The dynamic navigation system coupled with a high-speed contra-angle handpiece for the extraction of supernumerary teeth is a personalized, digitally-driven, precise, minimally invasive, and efficient treatment approach. In this case, the DNS and the high-speed contra-angle handpiece were seamlessly integrated to facilitate visualization of the surgical procedure, thereby safeguarding of surrounding vital anatomical structures while enhancing patient comfort.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas with hepatic metastases are infrequent and difficult to diagnose, and treatment is uncertain., Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) hepatic metastases who underwent surgery at the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2005 to December 2021 was conducted. A total of 287 patients with SPN were included in the study, of which 8 (3%) developed liver metastases, all of whom were treated surgically and recovered well after surgery. The clinical presentation, imaging features, surgical treatment, histopathological examination, and postoperative follow-up data (mean 70 months; range 28-138 months) of the patients were recorded and analyzed. Clinical response strategies can be derived by reviewing previous studies on hepatic metastases of SPNs., Results: For resectable hepatic metastases from pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, early surgery with total resection of the primary tumor and metastasis has shown great efficiency and is associated with patient good prognosis. In patients presenting unresectable hepatic metastases, aggressive tumor reduction surgery resulted in the alleviation of clinical symptoms and reduction of tumor burden while potentially achieving long-term survival., Conclusion: For hepatic metastases of SPNs, a preoperative liver tissue biopsy is beneficial for a definitive diagnosis. Surgery demonstrates excellent therapeutic efficacy and is considered the preferred curative treatment approach. This paper presents clinical experiences with SPN-related hepatic metastases at the Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, which can be used to guide patient counseling in clinical practice., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Li, Ren, Ke, Jiang, Guo, Zhang, Han, Liu and Ji.)

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation provides a promising pathway for sustainable freshwater and energy generation. However, developing highly efficient photothermal and photocatalytic nanomaterials is challenging. Herein, substoichiometric molybdenum oxide (MoO 3- x ) nanoparticles are synthesized via step-by-step reduction treatment of l-cysteine under mild conditions for simultaneous photothermal conversion and photocatalytic reactions. The MoO 3- x nanoparticles of low reduction degree are decorated on hydrophilic cotton cloth to prepare a MCML evaporator toward rapid water production, pollutant degradation, as well as electricity generation. The obtained MCML evaporator has a strong local light-to-heat effect, which can be attributed to excellent photothermal conversion via the local surface plasmon resonance effect in MoO 3- x nanoparticles and the low heat loss of the evaporator. Meanwhile, the rich surface area of MoO 3- x nanoparticles and the localized photothermal effect together effectively accelerate the photocatalytic degradation reaction of the antibiotic tetracycline. With the benefit of these advantages, the MCML evaporator attains a superior evaporation rate of 4.14 kg m -2 h -1 , admirable conversion efficiency of 90.7%, and adequate degradation efficiency of 96.2% under 1 sun irradiation. Furthermore, after being rationally assembled with a thermoelectric module, the hybrid device can be employed to generate 1.0 W m -2 of electric power density. This work presents an effective complementary strategy for freshwater production and sewage treatment as well as electricity generation in remote and off-grid regions.

Current therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke fall short of the desired objective of neurological functional recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods for the treatment of this condition. Exosomes are natural cell-derived vesicles that mediate signal transduction between cells under physiological and pathological conditions. They have low immunogenicity, good stability, high delivery efficiency, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. These physiological properties of exosomes have the potential to lead to new breakthroughs in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The rapid development of nanotechnology has advanced the application of engineered exosomes, which can effectively improve targeting ability, enhance therapeutic efficacy, and minimize the dosages needed. Advances in technology have also driven clinical translational research on exosomes. In this review, we describe the therapeutic effects of exosomes and their positive roles in current treatment strategies for ischemic stroke, including their anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, autophagy-regulation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and glial scar formation reduction effects. However, it is worth noting that, despite their significant therapeutic potential, there remains a dearth of standardized characterization methods and efficient isolation techniques capable of producing highly purified exosomes. Future optimization strategies should prioritize the exploration of suitable isolation techniques and the establishment of unified workflows to effectively harness exosomes for diagnostic or therapeutic applications in ischemic stroke. Ultimately, our review aims to summarize our understanding of exosome-based treatment prospects in ischemic stroke and foster innovative ideas for the development of exosome-based therapies., (Copyright © 2025 Copyright: © 2025 Neural Regeneration Research.)