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53. Aspergillus fumigatus-specific immunoglobulin levels in BALF of CF patients

Author

Goña-Höpler, Mia, Pfaller, Birgit, Argeny, Jonathan, Kanolzer, Stefan, Gruber, Saskia, Schmidthaler, Klara, Renner, Sabine, Nachbaur, Edith, Fucik, Petra, Glaser, Andreas G, Debiasi, Markus, Szépfalusi, Zsolt, Crameri, Reto, Rhyner, Claudio, Eiwegger, Thomas, Goña-Höpler, Mia, Pfaller, Birgit, Argeny, Jonathan, Kanolzer, Stefan, Gruber, Saskia, Schmidthaler, Klara, Renner, Sabine, Nachbaur, Edith, Fucik, Petra, Glaser, Andreas G, Debiasi, Markus, Szépfalusi, Zsolt, Crameri, Reto, Rhyner, Claudio, and Eiwegger, Thomas

Published
2017

54. Longitudinal analysis of allergen-specific IgE and IgG subclasses as potential predictors of insect bite hypersensitivity following first exposure toCulicoidesin Icelandic horses

Author

Ziegler, Anja, primary, Hamza, Eman, additional, Jonsdottir, Sigridur, additional, Rhyner, Claudio, additional, Wagner, Bettina, additional, Schüpbach, Gertraud, additional, Svansson, Vilhjalmur, additional, Torsteinsdottir, Sigurbjorg, additional, and Marti, Eliane, additional

Published
2017
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55. Aspergillus fumigatus-specific immunoglobulin levels in BALF of CF patients

Author

Goña-Höpler, Mia, primary, Pfaller, Birgit, additional, Argeny, Jonathan, additional, Kanolzer, Stefan, additional, Gruber, Saskia, additional, Schmidthaler, Klara, additional, Renner, Sabine, additional, Nachbaur, Edith, additional, Fucik, Petra, additional, Glaser, Andreas G., additional, Debiasi, Markus, additional, Szépfalusi, Zsolt, additional, Crameri, Reto, additional, Rhyner, Claudio, additional, and Eiwegger, Thomas, additional

Published
2017
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56. Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests by Evanescence Biosensor Technology for Rapid Phenotyping of the Human Platelet Alloantigens 1a and 5b.

Author

Merieux, Yves, Schwab, Celestine, Saint-Cyr, Maurine, Rink, Gabi, Rhyner, Claudio, Schawaller, Manfred, and Bugert, Peter

Abstract

Background: The human platelet alloantigens (HPA) HPA-1a and HPA-5b are located on glycoproteins on the platelet surface and are the most relevant to cause neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). The antigens are defined by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the glycoprotein genes, and the antigen status can be determined by genotyping the SNPs. However, genotyping is time-consuming and costly depending on the method and sample throughput. Here, we tested the reliability of the evanescence wave based fluorescence (EVA) biosensor technology for the rapid phenotyping of the HPA-1a and HPA-5b antigens on blood donor samples in two laboratories. Methods: HPA-1a and HPA-5b phenotyping was performed on EDTA blood samples from 336 blood donors (Lyon: 216 donors; Mannheim: 120 donors) using EVA typing assays and the biosensor system (Davos Diagnostics, Davos, Switzerland). For genotyping, validated PCR-SSP and TaqMan-PCR methods were used. Results: HPA-1a phenotyping was positive for all samples with HPA-1aa (n = 244; EVA value 807 ± 167 U/s) and HPA-1ab (n = 82; 542 ± 110 U/s) genotypes. All samples (n = 10) with negative EVA values (<10 U/s) had the HPA-1bb genotype. HPA-5b phenotyping was negative for all HPA-5aa genotypes (n = 267) and positive for the HPA-5ab (n = 66; 83 ± 22 U/s) and HPA-5bb (n = 3; 118 ± 25 U/s) genotypes. EVA values from heterozygotes were significantly lower compared to HPA-1a or HPA-5b homozygotes. A strong correlation of the EVA values with the platelet count in the blood samples was observed. Conclusion: EVA is a reliable method for rapid phenotyping of the clinically relevant HPA-1a and HPA-5b platelet antigens. All phenotyping results were 100% concordant with the HPA-1 or HPA-5 genotype. The test can be performed from only 10 µl of fresh or frozen blood samples within less than 15 min time-to-result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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57. Allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E in sera of horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity, severe equine asthma or both conditions.

Author

Verdon, Maëva, Lanz, Simone, Rhyner, Claudio, Gerber, Vinzenz, and Marti, Eliane

Subjects
HORSE diseases, ALLERGY in animals, IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, INSECT bites & stings, CULICOIDES, VETERINARY medicine
Abstract

Background: Genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical evidence suggests that, in horses, there are manifestations of hypersensitivity that can occur together. Objectives: To investigate whether concurrent insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) and severe equine asthma (EA) is associated with higher allergen‐specific and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations than only EA or IBH. Animals: Healthy control horses (C, n = 40), horses with IBH (IBH, n = 24), severe EA (EA, n = 18), and both conditions (IBH/EA, n = 23) were included. Methods: In our retrospective comparative study, sera from horses with signs of severe EA, IBH, and control animals were used. IgE specific for 15 recombinant (r) allergens as well as total serum IgE concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Group IBH (median sum r‐Culicoides IgE: optical density at 405 nm [OD405] = 3.54 [0.48‐15.07]) and group IBH/EA (OD405 = 4.55 [0.46‐17.15]) had significantly (P < .001) higher IgE against Culicoides r‐allergens than groups C (OD405 = 0.44 [0.21‐2.05]) and EA (OD405 = 0.6 [0.2‐2.9]). There were no significant (P > .05) differences between group IBH and group IBH/EA. No significant differences among the groups were found for the other r‐allergens or total serum IgE concentration. Compared to controls, horses with severe IBH had significantly increased IgE concentration to 5 Culicoides r‐allergens (P < .05), whereas horses with moderate IBH had significantly increased IgE concentration to only 3 Culicoides r‐allergens (P < .05). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Susceptibility of IBH‐affected horses to develop EA is likely not associated with IgE‐mediated immune reactions but with other immunopathological mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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58. Longitudinal analysis of allergen‐specific IgE and IgG subclasses as potential predictors of insect bite hypersensitivity following first exposure to <italic>Culicoides</italic> in Icelandic horses.

Author

Ziegler, Anja, Hamza, Eman, Jonsdottir, Sigridur, Rhyner, Claudio, Wagner, Bettina, Schüpbach, Gertraud, Svansson, Vilhjalmur, Torsteinsdottir, Sigurbjorg, and Marti, Eliane

Subjects
IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, BITES & stings, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, ALLERGIES, IMMUNOLOGIC diseases
Abstract

Copyright of Veterinary Dermatology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2018
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60. Research needs in allergy: an EAACI position paper, in collaboration with EFA

Author

KUL - University Hospitals Leuven, Spertini, Francois, Sokolowska, Milena, Skypala, Isabel, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Alves, Rodrigo, Sturm, Gunter, Siracusa, Andrea, Seys, Sven, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Venter, Carina, Whitacker, Paul, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Toskala, Elina, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Roje, Zeljka, Schnyder, Benno, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Scharf, Christian, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Akdis, Cezmi A, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Santucci, Annalisa, Santos, Alexandra F, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Rondon, Carmen, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Sackesen, Cansin, Rumi, Gabriele, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Worm, Margitta, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M, Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, deMonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W, Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K, Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, vanRee, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Buters, Jeroen, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars, Caubet, Jean-Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, deJong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean-Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L, Kalayci, Ömer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, ErvinÇ, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Pala, Gianni, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, Rhyner, Claudio, KUL - University Hospitals Leuven, Spertini, Francois, Sokolowska, Milena, Skypala, Isabel, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Alves, Rodrigo, Sturm, Gunter, Siracusa, Andrea, Seys, Sven, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Venter, Carina, Whitacker, Paul, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Toskala, Elina, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Roje, Zeljka, Schnyder, Benno, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Scharf, Christian, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Akdis, Cezmi A, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Santucci, Annalisa, Santos, Alexandra F, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Rondon, Carmen, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Sackesen, Cansin, Rumi, Gabriele, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Worm, Margitta, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M, Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, deMonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W, Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K, Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, vanRee, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Buters, Jeroen, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars, Caubet, Jean-Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, deJong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean-Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L, Kalayci, Ömer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, ErvinÇ, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Pala, Gianni, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, and Rhyner, Claudio

Abstract

In less than half a century, allergy, originally perceived as a rare disease, has become a major public health threat, today affecting the lives of more than 60 million people in Europe, and probably close to one billion worldwide, thereby heavily impacting the budgets of public health systems. More disturbingly, its prevalence and impact are on the rise, a development that has been associated with environmental and lifestyle changes accompanying the continuous process of urbanization and globalization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prioritize and concert research efforts in the field of allergy, in order to achieve sustainable results on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this most prevalent chronic disease of the 21st century.The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is the leading professional organization in the field of allergy, promoting excellence in clinical care, education, training and basic and translational research, all with the ultimate goal of improving the health of allergic patients. The European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations (EFA) is a non-profit network of allergy, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) patients' organizations. In support of their missions, the present EAACI Position Paper, in collaboration with EFA, highlights the most important research needs in the field of allergy to serve as key recommendations for future research funding at the national and European levels.Although allergies may involve almost every organ of the body and an array of diverse external factors act as triggers, there are several common themes that need to be prioritized in research efforts. As in many other chronic diseases, effective prevention, curative treatment and accurate, rapid diagnosis represent major unmet needs. Detailed phenotyping/endotyping stands out as widely required in order to arrange or re-categorize clinical syndromes into more coherent, uniform and treat

Published
2012

61. Research needs in allergy:An EAACI position paper, in collaboration with EFA

Author

Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M., Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, DeMonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W., Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K., Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, VanRee, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars Olaf, Caubet, Jean Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, DeJong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat Fernandez, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans Jürgen, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L., Kalayci, Ömer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse Füsun, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, Ervin, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, Rhyner, Claudio, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Roje, Zeljka, Rondon, Carmen, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Rumi, Gabriele, Sackesen, Cansin, Santos, Alexandra F., Santucci, Annalisa, Scharf, Christian, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Schnyder, Benno, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Seys, Sven, Siracusa, Andrea, Skypala, Isabel, Sokolowska, Milena, Spertini, Francois, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Sturm, Gunter, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Toskala, Elina, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Venter, Carina, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Whitacker, Paul, Worm, Margitta, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Akdis, Cezmi A., Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M., Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, DeMonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W., Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K., Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, VanRee, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars Olaf, Caubet, Jean Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, DeJong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat Fernandez, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans Jürgen, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L., Kalayci, Ömer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse Füsun, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, Ervin, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, Rhyner, Claudio, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Roje, Zeljka, Rondon, Carmen, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Rumi, Gabriele, Sackesen, Cansin, Santos, Alexandra F., Santucci, Annalisa, Scharf, Christian, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Schnyder, Benno, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Seys, Sven, Siracusa, Andrea, Skypala, Isabel, Sokolowska, Milena, Spertini, Francois, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Sturm, Gunter, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Toskala, Elina, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Venter, Carina, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Whitacker, Paul, Worm, Margitta, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, and Akdis, Cezmi A.

Abstract

In less than half a century, allergy, originally perceived as a rare disease, has become a major public health threat, today affecting the lives of more than 60 million people in Europe, and probably close to one billion worldwide, thereby heavily impacting the budgets of public health systems. More disturbingly, its prevalence and impact are on the rise, a development that has been associated with environmental and lifestyle changes accompanying the continuous process of urbanization and globalization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prioritize and concert research efforts in the field of allergy, in order to achieve sustainable results on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this most prevalent chronic disease of the 21st century. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is the leading professional organization in the field of allergy, promoting excellence in clinical care, education, training and basic and translational research, all with the ultimate goal of improving the health of allergic patients. The European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations (EFA) is a non-profit network of allergy, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) patients' organizations. In support of their missions, the present EAACI Position Paper, in collaboration with EFA, highlights the most important research needs in the field of allergy to serve as key recommendations for future research funding at the national and European levels. Although allergies may involve almost every organ of the body and an array of diverse external factors act as triggers, there are several common themes that need to be prioritized in research efforts. As in many other chronic diseases, effective prevention, curative treatment and accurate, rapid diagnosis represent major unmet needs. Detailed phenotyping/endotyping stands out as widely required in order to arrange or re-categorize clinical syndromes into more coherent, uniform and

Published
2012

62. Research needs in allergy:an EAACI position paper, in collaboration with EFA

Author

Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M, Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, Demonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W, Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K., Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, Vanree, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Buters, Jeroen, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars Olaf, Caubet, Jean-Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, Dejong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean-Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat Fernandez, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans Jürgen, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L, Kalayci, Omer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse Füsun, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, Ervin C, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Pala, Gianni, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, Rhyner, Claudio, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Alves, Rodrigo Rodrigues, Roje, Zeljka, Rondon, Carmen, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Rumi, Gabriele, Sackesen, Cansin, Santos, Alexandra F, Santucci, Annalisa, Scharf, Christian, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Schnyder, Benno, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Seys, Sven, Siracusa, Andrea, Skypala, Isabel, Sokolowska, Milena, Spertini, Francois, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Sturm, Gunter, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Toskala, Elina, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Venter, Carina, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Whitacker, Paul, Worm, Margitta, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Akdis, Cezmi A, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Agache, Ioana, Bavbek, Sevim, Bilo, Beatrice M, Braido, Fulvio, Cardona, Victoria, Custovic, Adnan, Demonchy, Jan, Demoly, Pascal, Eigenmann, Philippe, Gayraud, Jacques, Grattan, Clive, Heffler, Enrico, Hellings, Peter W, Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward, Lötvall, Jan, Muraro, Antonella, Poulsen, Lars K., Roberts, Graham, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Skevaki, Chrysanthi, Triggiani, Massimo, Vanree, Ronald, Werfel, Thomas, Flood, Breda, Palkonen, Susanna, Savli, Roberta, Allegri, Pia, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Annunziato, Francesco, Antolin-Amerigo, Dario, Apfelbacher, Christian, Blanca, Miguel, Bogacka, Ewa, Bonadonna, Patrizia, Bonini, Matteo, Boyman, Onur, Brockow, Knut, Burney, Peter, Buters, Jeroen, Butiene, Indre, Calderon, Moises, Cardell, Lars Olaf, Caubet, Jean-Christoph, Celenk, Sevcan, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Cingi, Cemal, Couto, Mariana, Dejong, Nicolette, Del Giacco, Stefano, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Fassio, Filippo, Fauquert, Jean-Luc, Fernandez, Javier, Rivas, Montserrat Fernandez, Ferrer, Marta, Flohr, Carsten, Gardner, James, Genuneit, Jon, Gevaert, Philippe, Groblewska, Anna, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hoffmann, Hans Jürgen, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin, Hovhannisyan, Lilit, Hox, Valérie, Jahnsen, Frode L, Kalayci, Omer, Kalpaklioglu, Ayse Füsun, Kleine-Tebbe, Jörg, Konstantinou, George, Kurowski, Marcin, Lau, Susanne, Lauener, Roger, Lauerma, Antti, Logan, Kirsty, Magnan, Antoine, Makowska, Joanna, Makrinioti, Heidi, Mangina, Paraskevi, Manole, Felicia, Mari, Adriano, Mazon, Angel, Mills, Clare, Mingomataj, Ervin C, Niggemann, Bodo, Nilsson, Gunnar, Ollert, Markus, O'Mahony, Liam, O'Neil, Serena, Pala, Gianni, Papi, Alberto, Passalacqua, Gianni, Perkin, Michael, Pfaar, Oliver, Pitsios, Constantinos, Quirce, Santiago, Raap, Ulrike, Raulf-Heimsoth, Monika, Rhyner, Claudio, Robson-Ansley, Paula, Alves, Rodrigo Rodrigues, Roje, Zeljka, Rondon, Carmen, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Ruëff, Franziska, Rukhadze, Maia, Rumi, Gabriele, Sackesen, Cansin, Santos, Alexandra F, Santucci, Annalisa, Scharf, Christian, Schmidt-Weber, Carsten, Schnyder, Benno, Schwarze, Jürgen, Senna, Gianenrico, Sergejeva, Svetlana, Seys, Sven, Siracusa, Andrea, Skypala, Isabel, Sokolowska, Milena, Spertini, Francois, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Sprikkelman, Aline, Sturm, Gunter, Swoboda, Ines, Terreehorst, Ingrid, Toskala, Elina, Traidl-Hoffmann, Claudia, Venter, Carina, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Whitacker, Paul, Worm, Margitta, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, and Akdis, Cezmi A

Abstract

In less than half a century, allergy, originally perceived as a rare disease, has become a major public health threat, today affecting the lives of more than 60 million people in Europe, and probably close to one billion worldwide, thereby heavily impacting the budgets of public health systems. More disturbingly, its prevalence and impact are on the rise, a development that has been associated with environmental and lifestyle changes accompanying the continuous process of urbanization and globalization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prioritize and concert research efforts in the field of allergy, in order to achieve sustainable results on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this most prevalent chronic disease of the 21st century.The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is the leading professional organization in the field of allergy, promoting excellence in clinical care, education, training and basic and translational research, all with the ultimate goal of improving the health of allergic patients. The European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations (EFA) is a non-profit network of allergy, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) patients' organizations. In support of their missions, the present EAACI Position Paper, in collaboration with EFA, highlights the most important research needs in the field of allergy to serve as key recommendations for future research funding at the national and European levels.Although allergies may involve almost every organ of the body and an array of diverse external factors act as triggers, there are several common themes that need to be prioritized in research efforts. As in many other chronic diseases, effective prevention, curative treatment and accurate, rapid diagnosis represent major unmet needs. Detailed phenotyping/endotyping stands out as widely required in order to arrange or re-categorize clinical syndromes into more coherent, uniform

Published
2012

63. In vitro evolution of allergy vaccine candidates, with maintained structure, but reduced B cell and T cell activation capacity

Author

Nilsson, Ola B., Adedoyin, Justus, Rhyner, Claudio, Neimert-Andersson, Theresa, Grundström, Jeanette, Berndt, Kurt D, Crameri, Reto, Grönlund, Hans, Nilsson, Ola B., Adedoyin, Justus, Rhyner, Claudio, Neimert-Andersson, Theresa, Grundström, Jeanette, Berndt, Kurt D, Crameri, Reto, and Grönlund, Hans

Abstract

Allergy and asthma to cat (Felis domesticus) affects about 10% of the population in affluent countries. Immediate allergic symptoms are primarily mediated via IgE antibodies binding to B cell epitopes, whereas late phase inflammatory reactions are mediated via activated T cell recognition of allergen-specific T cell epitopes. Allergen-specific immunotherapy relieves symptoms and is the only treatment inducing a long-lasting protection by induction of protective immune responses. The aim of this study was to produce an allergy vaccine designed with the combined features of attenuated T cell activation, reduced anaphylactic properties, retained molecular integrity and induction of efficient IgE blocking IgG antibodies for safer and efficacious treatment of patients with allergy and asthma to cat. The template gene coding for rFel d 1 was used to introduce random mutations, which was subsequently expressed in large phage libraries. Despite accumulated mutations by up to 7 rounds of iterative error-prone PCR and biopanning, surface topology and structure was essentially maintained using IgE-antibodies from cat allergic patients for phage enrichment. Four candidates were isolated, displaying similar or lower IgE binding, reduced anaphylactic activity as measured by their capacity to induce basophil degranulation and, importantly, a significantly lower T cell reactivity in lymphoproliferative assays compared to the original rFel d 1. In addition, all mutants showed ability to induce blocking antibodies in immunized mice.The approach presented here provides a straightforward procedure to generate a novel type of allergy vaccines for safer and efficacious treatment of allergic patients.

Published
2011
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69. GATA3-Driven Th2 Responses Inhibit TGF-β1–Induced FOXP3 Expression and the Formation of Regulatory T Cells

Author

Mantel, Pierre-Yves, primary, Kuipers, Harmjan, additional, Boyman, Onur, additional, Rhyner, Claudio, additional, Ouaked, Nadia, additional, Rückert, Beate, additional, Karagiannidis, Christian, additional, Lambrecht, Bart N, additional, Hendriks, Rudolf W, additional, Crameri, Reto, additional, Akdis, Cezmi A, additional, Blaser, Kurt, additional, and Schmidt-Weber, Carsten B, additional

Published
2007
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74. Direct Selection of cDNAs by Phage Display.

Author

Walker, John M., Turksen, Kursad, Crameri, Reto, Achatz, Gernot, Weichel, Michael, and Rhyner, Claudio

Abstract

Dozens of genomes will be partly or completely sequenced over the next few years. In the post genomic area, we are now facing the challenge of functionally characterizing thousands of genes generated by the genome projects. Selective enrichment of clones encoding a desired gene product and rapid handling of large numbers of individual clones resulting from screening of molecular libraries bear the potential to facilitate progress in this field. Phage surface display technology, first described by Smith (11), enables the construction of large combinatorial peptide and antibody libraries. The basic concept of phage display links the phenotype, expressed as fusion together with a phage surface coat protein, to its genetic information integrated into the phage genome. This procedure allows to survey large libraries for the presence of specific clones using the discriminative power of affinity selection (2-4). The selection of cognate phage (biopanning) is achieved by interaction between a solid phase-coated ligand and the phage library applied in fluid phase during multiple rounds of phage growth and selection. The field of phage display technology has developed rapidly, and antibodies, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, hormones, DNA binding molecules, and allergens have been successfully selected from molecular libraries (5-11). These examples clearly demonstrate the general applicability of linking genotype and phenotype to phage coat proteins. Molecular libraries allow the rapid identification of peptide-ligand interactions. In combination with high-throughput screening technology, they will play an important role in a rational approach for the identification of gene products (12,13). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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75. Immunoglobulin-E-Mediated Reactivity to Self Antigens: A Controversial Issue.

Author

Zeller, Sabine, Glaser, Andreas G., Vilhelmsson, Monica, Rhyner, Claudio, and Crameri, Reto

Subjects
IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, ANTIGENS, ALLERGENS, B cells, EPITOPES
Abstract

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to self antigens is well established in vitro by ELISA, inhibition ELISA, Western blot analyses and T cell proliferation experiments. In vivo, IgE-binding self antigens are able to elicit strong type I reactions in sensitized individuals and, in the case of human manganese superoxide dismutase, to elicit eczematous reactions on healthy skin areas of patients suffering from atopic eczema. The reactions against self antigens sharing structural homology with environmental allergens can be plausibly explained by molecular mimicry between common B cell epitopes. For the second class of IgE-binding self antigens without sequence homology to known allergens, it is still unclear if the structures are able to induce a B cell switch to IgE production, or if the reactivity is due to sequence similarity shared with not yet detected environmental allergens. However, in all cases, cross-reactivity is never complete, indicating either a lower affinity of IgE antibodies to self allergens than to the homologous environmental allergens or the presence of additional B cell epitopes on the surface of the environmental allergens, or both. Increasing evidence shows that self allergens could play a decisive role in the exacerbation of long-lasting atopic diseases. However, the only observation supporting a clinical role of IgE-mediated autoreactivity is confined to the fact that IgE levels against self antigens correlate with disease severity. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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76. Direct Selection of cDNAs from Filamentous Phage Surface Display Libraries: Potential and Limitations

Author

Rhyner, Claudio

Abstract

Over the past decade, powerful technologies devoted to survey large molecular libraries for the presence of specific clones using the discriminative power of affinity selection have been developed. Phage surface display technology is the most established of these methods and has revolutionised our ability to select agonistic and antagonistic peptides, antibodies with desired specificity and other drug targets. Thereby ligands are expressed as fusions to phage coat proteins and their respective genes are packaged within the phage. The basic concept of linking the phenotype, expressed as gene product displayed on the phage coat, to its genetic information integrated into the phage genome, creates fusion proteins covalently associated with the infectious particle itself. Binding of the phage to the target molecule offers a selective system by which rare phage carrying the desired gene product can be selected from large phage populations carrying inappropriate sequences. Phage selected in this fashion ca n be used for subsequent rounds of selection because they are able to self-replicate in suitable host cells, yielding target-specific phage populations after several consecutive rounds of affinity selection. Over 1500 publications describe the use of phage display technology highlighting its performance. Phage display possesses certain limitations, including its use for selection of genes from cDNA libraries that has lagged behind, despite the many accomplishments of this technology. Here we discuss recent progress in construction and screening of cDNA libraries displayed on phage surface and emerging concepts allowing fast identification of virtually all different clones present in enriched libraries.

Published
2002

77. What makes an allergen an allergen? Formyl-peptidyl receptor 3 and lipocalins: At the crossroads of TH2 induction

Author

Marie-Charlotte Brüggen, Claudio Rhyner, University of Zurich, and Rhyner, Claudio

Subjects
Formyl peptide, 2403 Immunology, Chemistry, Immunology, Formyl peptide receptor 3, 610 Medicine & health, Lipocalin, medicine.disease_cause, Th2 polarization, Allergen, Biochemistry, 10183 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Receptor
Published
2020
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79. Navigating the evolving landscape of atopic dermatitis: Challenges and future opportunities: The 4th Davos declaration.

Author

Traidl-Hoffmann C, Afghani J, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Aydin H, Bärenfaller K, Behrendt H, Bieber T, Bigliardi P, Bigliardi-Qi M, Bonefeld CM, Bösch S, Brüggen MC, Diemert S, Duchna HW, Fähndrich M, Fehr D, Fellmann M, Frei R, Garvey LH, Gharbo R, Gökkaya M, Grando K, Guillet C, Guler E, Gutermuth J, Herrmann N, Hijnen DJ, Hülpüsch C, Irvine AD, Jensen-Jarolim E, Kong HH, Koren H, Lang CCV, Lauener R, Maintz L, Mantel PY, Maverakis E, Möhrenschlager M, Müller S, Nadeau K, Neumann AU, O'Mahony L, Rabenja FR, Renz H, Rhyner C, Rietschel E, Ring J, Roduit C, Sasaki M, Schenk M, Schröder J, Simon D, Simon HU, Sokolowska M, Ständer S, Steinhoff M, Piccirillo DS, Taïeb A, Takaoka R, Tapparo M, Teixeira H, Thyssen JP, Traidl S, Uhlmann M, van de Veen W, van Hage M, Virchow C, Wollenberg A, Yasutaka M, Zink A, and Schmid-Grendelmeier P

Subjects
Humans, Disease Management, Dermatitis, Atopic therapy
Abstract

The 4th Davos Declaration was developed during the Global Allergy Forum in Davos which aimed to elevate the care of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) by uniting experts and stakeholders. The forum addressed the high prevalence of AD, with a strategic focus on advancing research, treatment, and management to meet the evolving challenges in the field. This multidisciplinary forum brought together top leaders from research, clinical practice, policy, and patient advocacy to discuss the critical aspects of AD, including neuroimmunology, environmental factors, comorbidities, and breakthroughs in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The discussions were geared towards fostering a collaborative approach to integrate these advancements into practical, patient-centric care. The forum underlined the mounting burden of AD, attributing it to significant environmental and lifestyle changes. It acknowledged the progress in understanding AD and in developing targeted therapies but recognized a gap in translating these innovations into clinical practice. Emphasis was placed on the need for enhanced awareness, education, and stakeholder engagement to address this gap effectively and to consider environmental and lifestyle factors in a comprehensive disease management strategy. The 4th Davos Declaration marks a significant milestone in the journey to improve care for people with AD. By promoting a holistic approach that combines research, education, and clinical application, the Forum sets a roadmap for stakeholders to collaborate to improve patient outcomes in AD, reflecting a commitment to adapt and respond to the dynamic challenges of AD in a changing world., (© 2024 The Author(s). Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2024
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80. Aspergillus fumigatus antigen-reactive Th17 cells are enriched in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in severe equine asthma.

Author

Wjst VF, Lübke S, Wagner B, Rhyner C, Jentsch MC, Arnold C, Lohmann KL, and Schnabel CL

Subjects
Animals, Horses immunology, Male, Female, Th17 Cells immunology, Asthma immunology, Aspergillus fumigatus immunology, Antigens, Fungal immunology, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid immunology, Horse Diseases immunology, Horse Diseases microbiology, Cytokines metabolism
Abstract

Introduction: Equine asthma (EA) is a common disease of adult horses with chronic respiratory pathology and common neutrophilic airway inflammation. It presents with hyperreactivity to hay dust components such as molds, and underlying dysregulated T cell responses have been suggested. Thus far, T cells have been analysed in EA with conflicting results and the antigen reactivity of T cells has not been demonstrated. Serological and epidemiological data point to the relevance of Aspergillus fumigatus as an antigen source in EA. Here, we aimed to identify and characterise Aspergillus antigen-reactive T cells in EA., Methods: Cryopreserved bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy horses (HE, n=9) and those with mild-moderate (MEA, n=3) or severe asthma (SEA, n=8) were stimulated in vitro with the recombinant A. fumigatus antigens Asp f 1, or Asp f 7 combined with Asp f 8, to assess antigen reactivity, and with phorbol-12-myristat-13-acetate and ionomycin (P/i) to assess overall T cell reactivity. Stimulated cells were analysed by flow cytometry for CD4, CD8, IL-17, IL-4, and IFN-γ. Cytokine expression in all lymphocytes, and in CD4 + or CD8 + T cells, was quantified and compared between the groups. In BAL fluid (BALF), soluble cytokines and chemokines were quantified by bead-based assays., Results: Antigen restimulation of BALC with Asp f 1 or Asp f 7/8 provoked higher frequencies of IL-17 + lymphocytes, CD4 + IL-17 + Th17 cells, and CD4 + IL-4 + Th2 cells in SEA than in HE, whereas MEA and HE were similar. Antigen stimulation of PBMC did not result in group differences. P/i stimulation of BALC resulted in increased IL-17 + lymphocyte and CD4 + IL-17 + Th17 cell frequencies in MEA compared with HE but the limited number of horses with MEA must be considered. P/i-stimulated PBMC from MEA or SEA contained more IL-17 + lymphocytes compared with HE. Cytokines were hardly detected in BALF and similar between the groups but CCL2 and CCL5 concentrations were increased in BALF from SEA or MEA, respectively, compared with HE., Conclusion: Horses with SEA have increased Aspergillus antigen-reactive Th17 cells in their airways, emphasising local T cell responses to this mold, which were quantified in EA for the first time here., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wjst, Lübke, Wagner, Rhyner, Jentsch, Arnold, Lohmann and Schnabel.)

Published
2024
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81. Component-resolved microarray analysis of IgE sensitization profiles to Culicoides recombinant allergens in horses with insect bite hypersensitivity.

Author

Novotny EN, White SJ, Wilson AD, Stefánsdóttir SB, Tijhaar E, Jonsdóttir S, Frey R, Reiche D, Rose H, Rhyner C, Schüpbach-Regula G, Torsteinsdóttir S, Alcocer M, and Marti E

Subjects
Allergens, Animals, Horses, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Microarray Analysis, Ceratopogonidae, Horse Diseases, Hypersensitivity veterinary, Insect Bites and Stings veterinary
Abstract

Background: Allergy to bites of blood-sucking insects, including biting midges, can affect both human and veterinary patients. Horses are often suffering from an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis caused by bites of midges (Culicoides spp). With the aim to improve allergen immunotherapy (AIT), numerous Culicoides allergens have been produced as recombinant (r-) proteins. This study aimed to test a comprehensive panel of differently expressed Culicoides r-allergens on a cohort of IBH-affected and control horses using an allergen microarray., Methods: IgE levels to 27 Culicoides r-allergens, including 8 previously unpublished allergens, of which 11 were expressed in more than one expression system, were determined in sera from 347 horses. ROC analyses were carried out, cut-offs selected using a specificity of 95% and seropositivity rates compared between horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) and control horses. The combination of r-allergens giving the best performing test was determined using logistic regression analysis., Results: Seropositivity was significantly higher in IBH horses compared with controls for 25 r-allergens. Nine Culicoides r-allergens were major allergens for IBH with seven of them binding IgE in sera from > 70% of the IBH-affected horses. Combination of these top seven r-allergens could diagnose > 90% of IBH-affected horses with a specificity of > 95%. Correlation between differently expressed r-allergens was usually high (mean = 0.69, range: 0.28-0.91)., Conclusion: This microarray will be a powerful tool for the development of component-resolved, patient-tailored AIT for IBH and could be useful for the study of allergy to biting midges in humans and other species., (© 2020 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2021
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83. High levels of butyrate and propionate in early life are associated with protection against atopy.

Author

Roduit C, Frei R, Ferstl R, Loeliger S, Westermann P, Rhyner C, Schiavi E, Barcik W, Rodriguez-Perez N, Wawrzyniak M, Chassard C, Lacroix C, Schmausser-Hechfellner E, Depner M, von Mutius E, Braun-Fahrländer C, Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Pekkanen J, Dalphin JC, Riedler J, Akdis C, Lauener R, and O'Mahony L

Subjects
Animals, Asthma etiology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Diet, Fatty Acids, Volatile analysis, Feces chemistry, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Immediate etiology, Infant, Male, Mice, Asthma prevention & control, Butyrates analysis, Hypersensitivity, Immediate prevention & control, Propionates analysis
Abstract

Background: Dietary changes are suggested to play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites present in certain foods and are produced by microbes in the gut following fermentation of fibers. SCFAs have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models. Our objective was to investigate the potential role of SCFAs in the prevention of allergy and asthma., Methods: We analyzed SCFA levels by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in fecal samples from 301 one-year-old children from a birth cohort and examined their association with early life exposures, especially diet, and allergy and asthma later in life. Data on exposures and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires. In addition, we treated mice with SCFAs to examine their effect on allergic airway inflammation., Results: Significant associations between the levels of SCFAs and the infant's diet were identified. Children with the highest levels of butyrate and propionate (≥95th percentile) in feces at the age of one year had significantly less atopic sensitization and were less likely to have asthma between 3 and 6 years. Children with the highest levels of butyrate were also less likely to have a reported diagnosis of food allergy or allergic rhinitis. Oral administration of SCFAs to mice significantly reduced the severity of allergic airway inflammation., Conclusion: Our results suggest that strategies to increase SCFA levels could be a new dietary preventive option for allergic diseases in children., (© 2018 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)

Published
2019
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84. GATA3-driven Th2 responses inhibit TGF-beta1-induced FOXP3 expression and the formation of regulatory T cells.

Author

Mantel PY, Kuipers H, Boyman O, Rhyner C, Ouaked N, Rückert B, Karagiannidis C, Lambrecht BN, Hendriks RW, Crameri R, Akdis CA, Blaser K, and Schmidt-Weber CB

Subjects
Animals, Cell Differentiation drug effects, Cell Differentiation immunology, Cells, Cultured, Forkhead Transcription Factors genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Interleukin-4 biosynthesis, Interleukin-4 pharmacology, Kinetics, Mice, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory chemistry, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory cytology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology, Th2 Cells drug effects, Forkhead Transcription Factors metabolism, GATA3 Transcription Factor metabolism, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory metabolism, Th2 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells metabolism, Transforming Growth Factor beta1 pharmacology
Abstract

Transcription factors act in concert to induce lineage commitment towards Th1, Th2, or T regulatory (Treg) cells, and their counter-regulatory mechanisms were shown to be critical for polarization between Th1 and Th2 phenotypes. FOXP3 is an essential transcription factor for natural, thymus-derived (nTreg) and inducible Treg (iTreg) commitment; however, the mechanisms regulating its expression are as yet unknown. We describe a mechanism controlling iTreg polarization, which is overruled by the Th2 differentiation pathway. We demonstrated that interleukin 4 (IL-4) present at the time of T cell priming inhibits FOXP3. This inhibitory mechanism was also confirmed in Th2 cells and in T cells of transgenic mice overexpressing GATA-3 in T cells, which are shown to be deficient in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-mediated FOXP3 induction. This inhibition is mediated by direct binding of GATA3 to the FOXP3 promoter, which represses its transactivation process. Therefore, this study provides a new understanding of tolerance development, controlled by a type 2 immune response. IL-4 treatment in mice reduces iTreg cell frequency, highlighting that therapeutic approaches that target IL-4 or GATA3 might provide new preventive strategies facilitating tolerance induction particularly in Th2-mediated diseases, such as allergy.

Published
2007
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