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Background: Asthma poses a substantial worldwide health issue, particularly during childhood, where it stands as the most common chronic condition. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) have been designed to assess children's tidal breathing may have limited cooperation due to their age or respiratory condition. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the pulmonary function in pediatric emergency department patients, experiencing acute wheezing/asthma exacerbation. Methodology: This prospective observational study investigated 52 acute wheezing/ asthma exacerbation in Emergency Department of Children Hospital, Lahore from November 2020 to October 2021. All the patients with age range 2-16 years presented with wheezing or asthma exacerbation as a chief compliant were enrolled. Pulmonary function tests were conducted initially, before initiating the standard care treatment (specifically, protocol- driven care for patients with asthma). The primary metrics evaluated included the feasibility of testing, patient compliance, and the tests' ability to predict whether the patient should be admitted to the hospital or discharged. Results: Of the total 52 patients, there were 33 (63.5%) male and 19 (36.5%) females. The overall mean age was 8.8±4.7 years. The incidence of mild, moderate, and severe asthma patients were 53.8% (n=28), 28.8% (n=15), and 17.3% (n=9) respectively. Admitted patients exhibited elevated heart rates, higher phase angle, labored breathing index, and asthma score. Bases on prior history of patients, asthma/wheezing, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and smoke exposure was found in 18 (34.6%), 14 (26.9%), 9 (17.3%), and 4 (7.7%) respectively. Among 52 patients, the admitted and discharged patients were 19 (36.5%) and 33 (63.5%) respectively. Conclusion: The current study endorsed the use of Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) as an objective assessment tool for evaluating the asthma/wheezing severity and exacerbation in an Emergency Department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional 3D woven T-shaped preforms were modified for improving joint/ peel off strength of associated T-shaped polymeric composites. Preforms were modified at weaving level by preferred yarns orientations for better performance in associated composites. Major modifications studied are; the addition of supporting layer, single or double-crossing in joint layers and crossing along with supporting layer (in a single sample). Novel derivatives were compared with conventionally used (on-loom and off-loom) T-shaped 3D woven composites. Microscopic analysis was also carried out to analyze the orientation of yarns and analysis of samples from failure point after testing. By combined variation of crossing and supporting layers improvement of 47.37% in peel off strength and 70.37% in impact strength was observed. Modified T shapes can serve to be a good replacement for conventional T-shaped stiffener (used to avoid folding under loads) and in joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE To explored the role of emotional intelligence and perceived social support in the persuasion of recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study design. PLACE AND DURATION OF THE STUDY Data was collected from a diverse range of private, profitable and non-profitable organizations within the vicinity of Karachi, Pakistan. Data collection was completed within the time frame of 6 months from January 2016to July 2016. SUBJECTS AND METHODS After approval of data collection from the concerned organizations, data was collected through non-probability convenient sampling technique. A sample of three hundred (n = 300, Mage = 30.34, SD= 8.933) with an age range between 18 to 65 years was sub-divided into two groups; a recovery group and a relapse group. A selfdeveloped demographic sheet, trait emotional intelligence questionnaire-short form (tEl -SF) and perceived social support scale (PSS) were administered. Scales were back to back translated and then administered in the national language (i.e., Urdu). RESULTS Recovery group had significantly higher scores on emotional intelligence scale, t (298) = 9.811, p <0.01 and perceived social support scale, t (298) = 4.03, p < 0.01 than relapse group. CONCLUSION The findings hinted the contribution of emotional intelligence and perceived support in the successful recovery from SUDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A one group intervention-based study was conducted in women jail, Karachi, Pakistan. The aim was to determine whether cognitive behavior therapy, administered in prison setting, was effective in reducing the frequency of deliberate self-harm in female prisoners. 40 female inmates were interviewed; nine inmates with a history of deliberate self-harm were screened out for 12 sessions of cognitive behavior therapy. Deliberate Self-harm Inventory (Gratz, 2001) and Brief COPE (Carver, 1997) were administered to explore deliberate self-harm behaviors and coping strategies of women prisoners. The number of deliberate self-harm episodes before and after therapy was the main outcome measure. An approximate 29% incarcerated women reported deliberate selfharm. Relief from anger and tension, and feelings of hopelessness, and helplessness were the main motives. Cutting and burning were the most common types of deliberate self-harm behaviors reported. The frequency of self-harm episodes was minimal during and after therapy. Findings and implications have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavonoids demonstrate beneficial effects on human health because flavonoids contain important biological properties. Kaempferol is a flavonol, type of flavonoid found in eatable plants and in plants usually employed in ancient drugs ( Moringa oleifera , Tilia spp., fern genus spp. and gingko etc.). Some medicinal studies have shown that the use of foods full of kaempferol decreases the risk of many (cancer, vascular) diseases. All the data of 50 kaempferol derivatives were collected from PubChem database. Through Schrödinger software, 3D-QSAR study was performed for 50 compounds by using method of field base. Conformer of kaempferol derivatives was docked against anti-diabetic, anti-microbial co-crystal structures and protein. To monitor the best anti-diabetic and antibacterial agent, particular kaempferol derivatives were downloaded from PubChem database. Virtual screening by molecular docking provided four lead compounds with four different proteins. These hit compounds were found to be potent inhibitor for diabetic enzymes alpha-amylase and DPP IV and had the potential to suppress DNA gyrase and dihydrofolate reductase synthesis. Molecular dynamic simulation of docked complexes evaluates the value of root mean square fluctuation by iMOD server. Kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-(2, 3-di-Z-p-coumaroyl) rhamnoside (42) compound used as anti-diabetic and kaempferol 3-O-gentiobioside (3) as antibacterial with good results can be used for drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

This review deals with computational study of polyphenolic compounds of medicinal importance and interest for drug development. Herein, four polyphenolic compounds comprising catechol ( 1 ), caffeic acid ( II ), gallic acid ( III ), and pyrogallol ( IV ) have been isolated from a medicinal specie, Fagonia indica, by applying silica gel column chromatography. These compounds were identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and confirmed by geometric computational analysis. According to computational results, caffeic acid has shown the highest biological activation due to higher chemical softness, electronegativity (χ (eV) = -648.644), and electrostatic potential value (-8.424 × 10 -2 to +8.424 × 10 -2 ), while smaller values of chemical potential (-0.269), E LUMO (-0.080), and energy gap (Δ E = 0.149). The Mulliken atomic charges were calculated by using DFT/B3LYP with basis set 6-311G for the determination of active sites. The oxygen atom of catechol showed highest nucleophilic characteristic with a more negative charge (08 = -0.695), and pyrogallol indicated a strong electrophilic center at C14 = 0.415 with a higher positive charge. Moreover, UV-visible absorption spectra and a detailed study of vibrational frequencies for all phenolic compounds by employing the DFT approach with 3-21G, 6-31G, and 6-311G basis sets at the ground-state level showed the great agreement with experimental results. ANOVA has been applied to validate the theoretical data. Results suggest that compounds I - IV are suitable in diverse fields., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)