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51. Vertical aerosol distribution and mesospheric clouds from ExoMars UVIS

Author

Streeter, Paul Michael, primary, Sellers, Graham, additional, Wolff, Michael J., additional, Mason, J.P., additional, Patel, Manish R, additional, Lewis, Stephen, additional, Holmes, James Andrew, additional, Daerden, Frank W., additional, Thomas, Ian Richard, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and López-Moreno, José Juan, additional

Published
2021
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52. Mesospheric water ice clouds in Mars Year 34-35 as identified in ExoMars UVIS occultation opacities

Author

Streeter, Paul, primary, Sellers, Graham, additional, Wolff, Mike, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Lewis, Stephen, additional, Holmes, James, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and López-Moreno, Jose Juan, additional

Published
2021
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53. Retrieval of Martian CO vertical profiles from NOMAD solar occultation measurements

Author

Modak, Ashimananda, primary, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurelien, additional, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional

Published
2021
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54. Nadir retrieval of ice clouds and dust from NOMAD/UVIS on board Exomars TGO

Author

Willame, Yannick, primary, Mason, Jon, additional, Vandaele, Ann C., additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Wolff, Michael J., additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2021
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55. Martian water vapor vertical profiles from solar occultation measurements by NOMAD onboard TGO/ExoMars: H2O-Temperature retrievals with the IAA-KOPRA forward model

Author

Brines, Adrian, primary, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, additional, Modak, Ashimananda, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, González-Galindo, Francisco, additional, Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Villanueva, Gerónimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, and Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional

Published
2021
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56. The distribution of ozone on Mars as measured by the NOMAD-UVIS spectrometer in Mars year 34.

Author

Mason, Jon, primary, Patel, Manish, additional, Holmes, James, additional, Streeter, Paul, additional, Brown, Megan, additional, Sellers, Graham, additional, Marriner, Charlotte, additional, Lewis, Stephen, additional, Wolff, Michael, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Vandaele, Ann-Carine, additional, López Moreno, José Juan, additional, and Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional

Published
2021
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57. Calibration of the Nomad SO Channel on ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter 

Author

Thomas, Ian, primary, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel, additional, Brines, Adrian, additional, Funke, Bernd, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Robert, Severine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional

Published
2021
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58. Variation of CO/CO2 profiles in the Marian mesosphere and lower thermosphere retrieved from TGO/NOMAD

Author

Yoshida, Nao, primary, Nakagawa, Hiromu, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Murata, Isao, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Koyama, Shungo, additional, Terada, Naoki, additional, Yasumasa, Kasaba, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and López Moreno, José Juan, additional

Published
2021
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59. Relationship between the ozone and water vapour vertical profiles on Mars observed by NOMAD-TGO

Author

Piccialli, Arianna, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Khayat, Alain, additional, Wolff, Michael, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional

Published
2021
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60. The Martian environment observed by NOMAD on ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Author

Vandaele, Ann Carine, primary, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Robert, Séverine, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Viscardy, Sébastien, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Gérard, Jean-Claude, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2021
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61. Mars dust microphysical properties retrieval through TGO/NOMAD UVIS and LNO channels combined nadir datasets analysis

Author

Oliva, Fabrizio, primary, D'Aversa, Emiliano, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Carrozzo, Filippo Giacomo, additional, Karatekin, Ozgur, additional, Ruiz Lozano, Luca, additional, Altieri, Francesca, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, and Amoroso, Marilena, additional

Published
2021
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62. Multispectral analysis of the Martian dayglow from UVIS-NOMAD on board TGO

Author

López-Moreno Jose, Jean-Claude Gérard, Mason Jon, Bellucci Giancarlo, Ristic Bojan, Shohei Aoki, Thomas Ian, Soret Lauriane, Daerden Frank, Gkouvelis Leonardos, Depiesse Cédric, Willame Yannick, Patel Manish, and Vandaele Ann Carine

Subjects
On board, Martian, Multispectral image, Geology, Remote sensing
Abstract

The NOMAD instrument currently in orbit around Mars on board ESA's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) includes UVIS, a UV-visible spectrograph covering the spectral range 200-700 nm. This instrument has two channels, one for solar occultation and a nadir channel essentially designed to analyse solar backscattered radiation. Since April 2019, the TGO spacecraft is occasionally tilted so that the nadir channel is pointed toward the Martian limb to observe the planetary airglow. A first success was the discovery of the forbidden oxygen green line at 557.7 nm that is ubiquitous in all UVIS limb dayside observations. This emission gives its characteristic colour to the terrestrial polar aurora but had was never been observed before in the airglow of other planetary atmospheres. This emission is excited by the interaction between solar radiation and CO2 and shows a mean intensity peak near 80 km. More recently, the much weaker OI 630-nm emission has been detected following co-addition of several hundreds of UVIS spectra. It is much weaker than the green line, as a consequence of collisional deactivation of the long-lived O(1D) excited state. Both oxygen dayglow emissions have been successfully modelled. Molecular transitions are also identified in the UVIS ultraviolet spectrum, including the CO Cameron bands, the CO2+ ultraviolet doublet at 298-299 nm and the Fox-Duffendack-Baker (FDB) bands. They originate from the lower thermosphere near 120 km.The seasonal-latitudinal evolution of the 557.7-nm emission will be described and compared with model simulations for the conditions of the observations. Simultaneous observations of dayglow emissions originating from different altitude will be available over a full Martian year. Coupled with model simulations, they provide constraints on the changing structure and composition of the Martian lower thermosphere, a region difficult to probe otherwise.

Published
2021

63. Evaluation of the Capability of ExoMars-TGO NOMAD Infrared Nadir Channel for Water Ice Clouds Detection on Mars.

Author

Ruiz Lozano, Luca, Karatekin, Özgür, Dehant, Véronique, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Oliva, Fabrizio, D'Aversa, Emiliano, Carrozzo, Filippo Giacomo, Altieri, Francesca, Thomas, Ian R., Willame, Yannick, Robert, Séverine, Vandaele, Ann Carinne, Daerden, Frank, Ristic, Bojan, Patel, Manish R., and López Moreno, José Juan

Subjects
ICE clouds, MARS (Planet), MARTIAN atmosphere, TRACE gases, DETECTION limit
Abstract

As part of the payload of the 2016 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission, the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) suite instrument has been observing the Martian atmosphere since March 2018. NOMAD is mainly dedicated to the study of trace atmospheric species taking advantage of a high-spectral resolution. We demonstrate that when NOMAD is observing in nadir mode, i.e., when the line-of-sight points to the centre of Mars, it can be also exploited to detect ice. In this study we present a method based on the investigation of nadir observations of the NOMAD infrared channel, acquired during Mars Years 34 and 35 (March 2018 to February 2021). We take advantage of the strong water ice absorption band at 2.7 µm by selecting the diffraction orders 167, 168, and 169. We derive the Frost and Clouds Index (FCI), which is a good proxy for ice mapping, and obtain latitudinal-seasonal maps for water ice clouds. FCI is sensitive to the Polar Hood clouds. Nevertheless, detections in the Aphelion Cloud Belt (ACB) are limited. This is consistent with previous observations showing different physical properties between the two main Martian atmospheric structures and making the ACB less detectable in the infrared. We hence derive the infrared nadir channel sensitivity limit for the detection of these clouds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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64. Probing the Atmospheric Cl Isotopic Ratio on Mars: Implications for Planetary Evolution and Atmospheric Chemistry

Author

Liuzzi, Giuliano, primary, Villanueva, Geronimo L., additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Mège, Daniel, additional, Crismani, Matteo M. J., additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Gurgurewicz, Joanna, additional, Tesson, Pierre‐Antoine, additional, Mumma, Michael J., additional, Smith, Michael D., additional, Faggi, Sara, additional, Kofman, Vincent, additional, Knutsen, Elise W., additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Schmidt, Frédéric, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Erwin, Justin T., additional, Robert, Séverine, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez‐Moreno, Jóse Juan, additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, and Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional

Published
2021
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65. Variations in Vertical CO/CO2 Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient.

Author

Yoshida, Nao, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Aoki, Shohei, Erwin, Justin, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loïc, Koyama, Shungo, Terada, Naoki, Neary, Lori, Murata, Isao, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Brines, Adrian, Modak, Ashimananda, Kasaba, Yasumasa, Ristic, Bojan, and Bellucci, Giancarlo

Subjects
DIFFUSION coefficients, MESOSPHERE, TRACE gases, THERMOSPHERE, MIDDLE atmosphere, EDDIES
Abstract

Using the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument aboard Trace Gas Orbiter, we derived the CO/CO2 profiles between 75 and 105 km altitude with the equivalent width technique. The derived CO/CO2 profiles showed significant seasonal variations in the southern hemisphere with decreases near perihelion and increases near aphelion. The estimation of the CO/CO2 profiles with a one‐dimensional photochemical model shows that an altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficient better reproduces the observed profiles than a vertically uniform one. Our estimation suggests that the eddy diffusion coefficient in Ls = 240–270 is uniformly larger by a factor of ∼2 than that in Ls = 90–120 in the southern hemisphere, while they are comparable in the northern hemisphere. This fact demonstrates that the eddy diffusion coefficient is variable with season and latitude. Plain Language Summary: The eddy diffusion coefficient is widely used to parameterize the efficiency of vertical diffusion in the planetary atmosphere, whose variation characterizes the transportation of trace gas species. Additionally, it could vary their vertical distributions in the middle and upper atmosphere, which might cause an impact on the species escaping to space. However, the variability of the eddy diffusion coefficient in those altitude regions have been poorly understood. In this study, we focus on the estimation of variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient by analyzing the CO and CO2 measurements made by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The observed CO/CO2 ratio between altitudes of 75 and 105 km shows a significant seasonal variation in the southern hemisphere. The observed CO/CO2 profiles are compared with the simulated profiles obtained with a one‐dimensional photochemical model assigning several shapes and intensity of eddy diffusion coefficient. The comparison shows that the eddy diffusion coefficient is not constant but variable depending on altitude, season, and latitude, which suggests that the efficiency of the vertical diffusion varies with season and latitude. This fact is useful to other 1D photochemical models to reproduce the seasonal and latitudinal variation of atmospheric composition. Key Points: The CO/CO2 profiles from 75 to 105 km measured by NOMAD aboard TGO are used to investigate variations in the eddy diffusion coefficientThe estimated CO/CO2 profiles agree well with the observed profiles if altitude‐dependent eddy diffusion coefficients are consideredOur results demonstrate a substantial seasonal variation in the eddy diffusion coefficient in the southern hemisphere [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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66. Ozone vertical profiles from TGO/NOMAD-UVIS: an inter-comparison of three retrieval schemes

Author

Piccialli, Arianna, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Khayat, Alain, additional, Wolff, Michael, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional

Published
2021
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67. Ice clouds detection with NOMAD-LNO onboard ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Author

Ruiz Lozano, Luca, primary, Karatekin, Özgür, additional, Dehant, Véronique, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Oliva, Fabrizio, additional, Altieri, Francesca, additional, Carrozzo, Filippo Giacomo, additional, D'Aversa, Emiliano, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, López Moreno, José Juan, additional, and Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional

Published
2021
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68. Transient HCl in the atmosphere of Mars

Author

Korablev, Oleg, primary, Olsen, Kevin S., additional, Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, additional, Lefèvre, Franck, additional, Montmessin, Franck, additional, Fedorova, Anna A., additional, Toplis, Michael J., additional, Alday, Juan, additional, Belyaev, Denis A., additional, Patrakeev, Andrey, additional, Ignatiev, Nikolay I., additional, Shakun, Alexey V., additional, Grigoriev, Alexey V., additional, Baggio, Lucio, additional, Abdenour, Irbah, additional, Lacombe, Gaetan, additional, Ivanov, Yury S., additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Erwin, Justin T., additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional, and Vandaele, Ann C., additional

Published
2021
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69. The Carbon and Land Footprint of Certified Food Products

Author

Bellassen, Valentin, primary, Drut, Marion, additional, Antonioli, Federico, additional, Brečić, Ružica, additional, Donati, Michele, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Hoang, Viet, additional, Knutsen Steinnes, Kamilla, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, Majewski, Edward, additional, Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Nguyen, An, additional, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, additional, Peerlings, Jack, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Tomić Maksan, Marina, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Vittersø, Gunnar, additional, and Diallo, Abdoul, additional

Published
2021
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70. The high-altitude peaks of atmospheric ozone as observed by NOMAD/UVIS onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Mission

Author

Khayat, Alain SJ, primary, Smith, Michael D., additional, Wolff, Michael J., additional, Daerden, Frank W., additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Patel, Manish R, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Thomas, Ian Richard, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, J., additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and López-Moreno, José Juan, additional

Published
2021
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71. In-flight performance and calibration of SPICAV SOIR onboard Venus Express

Author

Mahieux, Arnaud, Berkenbosch, Sophie, Clairquin, Roland, Fussen, Didier, Mateshvili, Nina, Neefs, Eddy, Nevejans, Dennis, Ristic, Bojan, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Wilquet, Valerie, Belyaev, Denis, Fedorova, Anna, Korablev, Oleg, Villard, Eric, Montmessin, Franck, and Bertaux, Jean-Loup

Subjects
Calibration -- Methods, Infrared radiation -- Research, Spectrometer -- Properties, Spectrometer -- Usage, Occultations -- Research, Light filters -- Properties, Light filters -- Usage, Resolution (Optics) -- Research, Venus (Planet) -- Atmosphere, Venus (Planet) -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

Solar occultation in the infrared, part of the Spectoscopy for Investigation of Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Venus (SPICAV) instrument onboard Venus Express, combines an echelle grating spectrometer with an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). It performs solar occultation measurements in the IR region at high spectral resolution. The wavelength range probed allows a detailed chemical inventory of Venus's atmosphere above the cloud layer, highlighting the vertical distribution of gases. A general description of the instrument and its in-flight performance is given. Different calibrations and data corrections are investigated, in particular the dark current and thermal background, the nonlinearity and pixel-to-pixel variability of the detector, the sensitivity of the instrument, the AOTF properties, and the spectral calibration and resolution. OCIS codes: 050.1950, 120.0280, 120.6200, 230.1040, 300.6340, 010.1280.

Published
2008

72. Water Vapor Vertical Profiles on Mars in Dust Storms Observed by TGO/NOMAD

Author

Aoki, Shohei, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Villanueva, Geronimo L., Liuzzi, Giuliano, Thomas, Ian R., Erwin, Justin T., Trompet, Loïc, Robert, S., Neary, Lori, Viscardy, Sébastien, Clancy, Todd, Smith, Michael D., López-Valverde, Miguel, Hill, B., Ristic, Bojan, Patel, Manish R., Bellucci, Giancarlo, López-Moreno, Jose-Juan, Alonso-Rodrigo, G., Altieri, F., Bauduin, Sophie, and Bolsée, D.

Subjects
Sciences de la terre et du cosmos, Aéronomie, Télédétection, Système solaire, Sciences exactes et naturelles
Abstract

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Published
2019

73. Are Certified Supply Chains More Socially Sustainable? A Bargaining Power Analysis

Author

Muller, Paul, primary, Böhm, Michael, additional, Csillag, Péter, additional, Donati, Michele, additional, Drut, Marion, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Gil, Jose M., additional, Hoang, Viet, additional, Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Napasintuwong, Orachos, additional, Nguyen, An, additional, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Stojanovic, Zaklina, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, additional, Veneziani, Mario, additional, and Bellassen, Valentin, additional

Published
2020
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74. Do Food Quality Schemes and Net Price Premiums Go Together?

Author

Monier-Dilhan, Sylvette, primary, Poméon, Thomas, additional, Böhm, Michael, additional, Brečić, Ruzica, additional, Csillag, Peter, additional, Donati, Michele, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Gil, José M., additional, Hoàng, Việt, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, Majewski, Edward, additional, Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Napasintuwong, Orachos, additional, Nguyễn, An Quỳnh, additional, Nikolaou, Kallirroi, additional, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, additional, Pascucci, Stefano, additional, Peerlings, Jack, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Steinnes, Kamilla, additional, Stojanovic, Zaklina, additional, Tomić Maksan, Marina, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Veneziani, Mario, additional, Vittersø, Gunnar, additional, and Bellassen, Valentin, additional

Published
2020
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75. Water Footprint of Food Quality Schemes

Author

Bodini, Antonio, primary, Chiussi, Sara, additional, Donati, Michele, additional, Bellassen, Valentin, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Dries, Lisbeth, additional, Ćorić, Dubravka Sinčić, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, additional, Majewski, Edward, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Stojanovic, Zaklina, additional, Gil Roig, Jose Maria, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, An, Nguyễn Quỳnh, additional, and Arfini, Filippo, additional

Published
2020
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76. Economic Spill-Over of Food Quality Schemes on Their Territory

Author

Donati, Michele, primary, Wilkinson, Adam, additional, Veneziani, Mario, additional, Antonioli, Federico, additional, Arfini, Filippo, additional, Bodini, Antonio, additional, Amilien, Virginie, additional, Csillag, Peter, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gkatsikos, Alexandros, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Gil, Chema, additional, Hoàng, Việt, additional, Knutsen Steinnes, Kamilla, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Napasintuwong, Orachos, additional, Nguyễn, An, additional, Nguyen, Mai, additional, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Stojanovic, Zaklina, additional, Tomić Maksan, Marina, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, additional, and Bellassen, Valentin, additional

Published
2020
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77. Organic and Geographical Indication Certifications’ Contributions to Employment and Education

Author

Hilal, Mohamed, primary, Leedon, Guy, additional, Duboys de Labarre, Matthieu, additional, Antonioli, Federico, additional, Boehm, Michael, additional, Péter, Csillag, additional, Donati, Michele, additional, Drut, Marion, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Gil, José Maria, additional, Gkatsikos, Alexandros, additional, Gołaś, Marlena, additional, Hoang, Viet, additional, Steinnes, Kamilla Knutsen, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Napasintuwong, Orachos, additional, Nguyen, An, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Schaer, Burkhard, additional, Maksan, Marina Tomić, additional, Brečić, Ružica, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Vittersø, Gunnar, additional, and Bellassen, Valentin, additional

Published
2020
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78. Use of TGO-NOMAD nadir observations for ices detection

Author

Ruiz Lozano, Luca, primary, Karatekin, Özgür, additional, Caldiero, Alfonso, additional, Imbreckx, Anne-Constance, additional, Temel, Orkun, additional, Dehant, Véronique, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, López Moreno, José Juan, additional, and Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional

Published
2020
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79. Nadir retrieval of ice clouds, dust and ozone from NOMAD/UVIS on board Exomars TGO

Author

Willame, Yannick, primary, Vandaele, Ann C., additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Wolff, Michael J., additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2020
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80. NOMAD on ExoMars TGO: Data processing and public release via the ESA Planetary Science Archive

Author

Thomas, Ian, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Robert, Severine, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan, additional

Published
2020
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81. Water vapor vertical profiles on Mars: Results from the first full Mars Year of TGO/NOMAD science operations

Author

Aoki, Shohei, primary, Vandaele, AnnCarine, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Robert, Severine, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Liuzzi, Giuliano, additional, Crismani, Matteo, additional, Clancy, Todd, additional, Smith, Micheal, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel-Angel, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2020
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82. NOMAD on ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter: One Martian year of observations

Author

Vandaele, Ann Carine, primary, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Depiesse, Cédric, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Robert, Séverine, additional, Trompet, Loïc, additional, Viscardy, Sébastien, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Mason, Jon, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2020
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83. Impact of gradients at the Martian terminator on the retrieval of ozone from TGO/NOMAD-UVIS

Author

Piccialli, Arianna, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, Jon P., additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional

Published
2020
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84. Foodmiles: The Logistics of Food Chains Applied to Food Quality Schemes

Author

Drut, Marion, primary, Antonioli, Federico, additional, Böhm, Michael, additional, Brečić, Ruzica, additional, Dries, Liesbeth, additional, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, additional, Gauvrit, Lisa, additional, Hoàng, Việt, additional, Steinnes, Kamilla Knutsen, additional, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, additional, Majewski, Edward, additional, Napasintuwong, Orachos, additional, Nguyễn, An, additional, Mattas, Konstadinos, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Schaer, Burkhard, additional, Tangeland, Torvald, additional, Maksan, Marina Tomić, additional, Csillag, Peter, additional, Török, Áron, additional, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, additional, Veneziani, Mario, additional, Vittersø, Gunnar, additional, and Bellassen, Valentin, additional

Published
2020
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86. Machine learning for automatic identification of new minor species

Author

Schmidt, Frédéric, primary, Cruz Mermy, Guillaume, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Robert, Séverine, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Jose-Juan, additional, and Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional

Published
2020
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87. Update on CO2 and temperature profiles from NOMAD-SO on board ExoMars TGO

Author

Trompet, Loïc, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Villanueva, Geronimo, additional, Liuzzi, Giulliano, additional, Crismani, Matteo, additional, Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel, additional, Hill, Brittany, additional, Piccialli, Arianna, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Lopez-Moreno, Juan Jose, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish, additional

Published
2020
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88. Strong Variability of Martian Water Ice Clouds During Dust Storms Revealed From ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter/NOMAD

Author

Liuzzi, Giuliano, primary, Villanueva, Geronimo L., additional, Crismani, Matteo M.J., additional, Smith, Michael D., additional, Mumma, Michael J., additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Aoki, Shohei, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Clancy, R. Todd, additional, Erwin, Justin, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Lopez‐Moreno, José‐Juan, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Patel, Manish R., additional

Published
2020
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89. Retrievals of dust and ozone from NOMAD-UVIS

Author

Piccialli, Arianna, primary, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Willame, Yannick, additional, Depiesse, Cedric, additional, Trompet, Loic, additional, Neary, Lori, additional, Viscardy, Sebastien, additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Thomas, Ian R., additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Mason, Jon P., additional, Patel, Manish, additional, Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional, and Lopez Moreno, Jose Juan, additional

Published
2020
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91. First Detection and Thermal Characterization of Terminator CO2 Ice Clouds With ExoMars/NOMAD.

Author

Liuzzi, Giuliano, Villanueva, Geronimo L., Trompet, Loïc, Crismani, Matteo M. J., Piccialli, Arianna, Aoki, Shohei, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, Daerden, Frank, Neary, Lori, Smith, Michael D., Patel, Manish R., Lewis, Stephen R., Clancy, R. Todd, Thomas, Ian R., Ristic, Bojan, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Lopez‐Moreno, Jose‐Juan, and Vandaele, Ann Carine

Subjects
ICE clouds, TRACE gases, MARTIAN atmosphere, ICE nuclei, UPPER atmosphere, FREEZING points
Abstract

We present observations of terminator CO2 ice clouds events in three groups: Equatorial dawn, Equatorial dusk (both between 20°S and 20°N) and Southern midlatitudes at dawn (45°S and 55°S east of Hellas Basin) with ESA ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter's Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument. CO2 ice abundance is retrieved simultaneously with water ice, dust, and particle sizes, and rotational temperature and CO2 column profiles in 16 of 26 cases. Small particles (<0.5 μm) prevail at dusk, while water ice likely provides most source nuclei at dawn. Clouds east of Hellas are found to be dominantly nucleated on surface‐lifted dust. CO2 ice is sometimes detected in unsaturated air together with dust nuclei at dawn, suggesting ongoing sublimation. Depending on latitude and local time, the interplay between particle precipitation and the lifetime of temperature minima (i.e., cold pockets) determines CO2 ice properties. Plain Language Summary: The upper atmosphere of Mars is characterized by the seasonal presence of CO2 ice clouds. Their properties have been long studied, as well as their formation mechanisms in relation to the thermal structure of the atmosphere and its variability. In this study, we present the first observations of these clouds at the terminator (dawn and dusk) by the NOMAD spectrometer onboard the Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter. CO2 ice is detected simultaneously with dust, water ice and the temperature profile. Our results agree with previous findings in terms of how clouds are spatially distributed and their temporal occurrence. However, we also explore the sources of condensation nuclei for CO2 ice particles, showing that water ice is a possible source at dawn near the Equator. We also identify surface‐lifted dust below the CO2 ice clouds observed east of Hellas Basin, suggesting that, at that location, dust could provide nuclei for CO2 ice. CO2 ice is also sometimes detected at temperatures higher than the CO2 freezing point, suggesting ongoing sublimation. In this work we explore for the first time the composition of CO2 ice clouds, which is critical to advance our understanding of how CO2 ice clouds form in the mesosphere at Mars. Key Points: Twenty Six mesospheric CO2 ice clouds were detected with NOMAD SO in Mars Year 35, simultaneously with water ice, dust, and CO2 saturation ratiosEquatorial CO2 clouds are observed at 50–80 km altitude at dusk, and 40–60 km at dawn, when water ice likely provides condensation nucleiSix CO2 ice clouds are found east of Hellas basin; their formation is likely sourced by surface‐lifted dust at 40–65 km [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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92. Water Footprint of Food Quality Schemes.

Author

Bodini, Antonio, Chiussi, Sara, Donati, Michele, Bellassen, Valentin, Török, Áron, Dries, Lisbeth, Ćorić, Dubravka Sinčić, Gauvrit, Lisa, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, Majewski, Edward, Ristic, Bojan, Stojanovic, Zaklina, Gil Roig, Jose Maria, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, An, Nguyễn Quỳnh, and Arfini, Filippo

Subjects
FOOD quality, WATER supply, WATER consumption, WATER requirements for crops, AGRICULTURAL productivity
Abstract

Water Footprint (WF, henceforth) is an indicator of water consumption and has taken ground to assess the impact of agricultural production processes over freshwater. The focus of this study was contrasting non-conventional, certified products with identical products obtained through conventional production schemes (REF, henceforth) using WF as a measure of their pressure on water resources. The aim was to the show whether products that are certified as Food Quality Schemes (FQS, henceforth) could also incorporate the lower impact on water among their quality features. To perform this comparison, we analysed 23 products selected among Organic, PDO and PGI as FQS, and their conventional counterparts. By restricting the domain of analysis to the on-farm phase of the production chain, we obtained that that no significant differences emerged between the FQS and REF products. However, if the impact is measured per unit area rather than per unit product, FQS showed a significant reduction in water demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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93. Foodmiles: The Logistics of Food Chains Applied to Food Quality Schemes.

Author

Drut, Marion, Antonioli, Federico, Böhm, Michael, Brečić, Ruzica, Dries, Liesbeth, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, Gauvrit, Lisa, Hoàng, Việt, Steinnes, Kamilla Knutsen, Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, Majewski, Edward, Napasintuwong, Orachos, Nguyễn, An, Mattas, Konstadinos, Ristic, Bojan, Schaer, Burkhard, Tangeland, Torvald, Maksan, Marina Tomić, Csillag, Peter, and Török, Áron

Subjects
FOOD quality, FOOD chains, CARBON emissions, ORGANIC products, VALUE chains, MANUFACTURING processes, REVERSE logistics
Abstract

This paper estimates the foodmiles (embedded distances) and transport-related carbon emissions of 27 Food Quality Scheme (FQS) products – Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) and organic – and their reference products. It goes further than the existing literature by adopting a value chain perspective, instead of the traditional consumer perspective, and focusing on FQS products. The same methodology is applied across all the case studies. The article specifically investigates the determinants of differences between FQS and their references. FQS products travel significantly shorter distances (−30%) and generate significantly lower transport-related emissions (−23%) than conventional food products. The differences are even greater for vegetal and organic products. The relationship between distance and transport-related emissions is not exactly proportional and highlights the importance of transport modes and logistics, in particular for exports and imports. Finally, we stress the importance of the spatial distribution of the different stages in the value chains (e.g. production, processing). PDO technical specifications delimit a geographical area for production and processing, thereby limiting distances and transport-related emissions compared to conventional food products, but also compared to other types of FQS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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94. Are Certified Supply Chains More Socially Sustainable? A Bargaining Power Analysis.

Author

Muller, Paul, Böhm, Michael, Csillag, Péter, Donati, Michele, Drut, Marion, Ferrer-Pérez, Hugo, Gauvrit, Lisa, Gil, Jose M., Hoang, Viet, Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, Mattas, Konstadinos, Napasintuwong, Orachos, Nguyen, An, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, Ristic, Bojan, Stojanovic, Zaklina, Török, Áron, Tsakiridou, Efthimia, Veneziani, Mario, and Bellassen, Valentin

Subjects
BARGAINING power, SUPPLY chains, SOCIAL sustainability, FOOD quality, TRANSACTION costs
Abstract

Food quality schemes (FQS: organic and geographical indication products) are often supposed to be more sustainable by their political advocates. We explore the social sustainability advantage of FQS through the lens of supply chains' bargaining power (BP) distribution. We propose an indicator synthesizing different sources underlying BP (competition-based, transactional, institutional) and counting two dimensions (fair BP distribution and adaptation capacity), that we apply to 18 FQS supply chains and corresponding reference. FQS perform better than their reference products on both dimensions. This better performance is due to a combination of sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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95. Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Author

Vandaele, Ann Carine, Korablev, Oleg, Daerden, Frank, Aoki, Shohei, Thomas, Ian R., ALTIERI, FRANCESCA, López-Valverde, Miguel, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Smith, Michael D., Erwin, Justin T., Trompet, Loïc, Fedorova, Anna A., Montmessin, Franck, Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, Belyaev, Denis A., Ignatiev, Nikolay I., Luginin, Mikhail, Olsen, Kevin S., Baggio, Lucio, Alday, Juan, Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Betsis, Daria, Bolsée, David, Clancy, R. Todd, CLOUTIS, EDWARD, Depiesse, Cédric, Funke, Bernd, Garcia-Comas, Maia, Gérard, Jean-Claude, GIURANNA, MARCO, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Grigoriev, Alexey V., Ivanov, Yuriy S., Kaminski, Jacek, Karatekin, Ozgur, Lefèvre, Franck, Lewis, Stephen, López-Puertas, Manuel, Mahieux, Arnaud, Maslov, Igor, Mason, Jon, Mumma, Michael J., Neary, Lori, Neefs, Eddy, Patrakeev, Andrey, Patsaev, Dmitry, Ristic, Bojan, Robert, Séverine, Schmidt, Frédéric, Shakun, Alexey, Teanby, Nicholas A., Viscardy, Sébastien, Willame, Yannick, Whiteway, James, Wilquet, Valérie, Wolff, Michael J., BELLUCCI, Giancarlo, Patel, Manish R., López-Moreno, Jose-Juan, Forget, François, Wilson, Colin F., Svedhem, Håkan, Vago, Jorge L., Rodionov, Daniel, NOMAD Science Team, Alonso-Rodrigo, Gustavo, Bauduin, Sophie, Carrozzo, Giacomo, Crismani, Matteo, da Pieve, Fabiana, D'AVERSA, EMILIANO, Etiope, Giuseppe, Fussen, Didier, Geminale, Anna, Gkouvelis, Leo, Holmes, James, Hubert, Benoît, Ignatiev, Nicolay I., Kasaba, Yasumasa, Kass, David, Kleinböhl, Armin, LANCIANO, ORIETTA, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Novak, Robert E., Oliva, Fabrizio, Piccialli, Arianna, Renotte, Etienne, Ritter, Birgit, Schneider, Nick, SINDONI, Giuseppe, Thiemann, Ed, Vander Auwera, Jean, Wilquet, Valerie, WOLKENBERG, PAULINA MARIA, Yelle, Roger, ACS Science Team, Anufreychik, Konstantin, Arnold, Gabriele, Duxbury, Natalia, Fouchet, Thierry, GRASSI, Davide, Guerlet, Sandrine, Hartogh, Paul, Khatuntsev, Igor, Kokonkov, Nikita, Krasnopolsky, Vladimir, Kuzmin, Ruslan, Lacombe, Gaétan, Lellouch, Emmanuel, Määttänen, Anni, Marcq, Emmanuel, Martin-Torres, Javier, Medvedev, Alexander, Millour, Ehouarn, Moshkin, Boris, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Rodin, Alexander, Shematovich, Valery, Thomas, Nicolas, Trokhimovsky, Alexander, Vazquez, Luis, Vincendon, Matthieu, Young, Roland, Zasova, Ludmila, Zelenyi, Lev, Zorzano, Maria Paz, Parejo, J, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine (MAO), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad 'Ignacio Da Riva' (IDR), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Spectroscopie de l'atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Graduate School of Information Sciences [Sendai], Tohoku University [Sendai], Advanced Mechanical and Optical Systems SA (AMOS), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute for Astrophysics and Computational Sciences [Washington], Catholic University of America, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå], Luleå University of Technology (LUT), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN), University of Bern, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], IMPEC - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), University of Oxford, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Space Agency, Belgian Science Policy Office, European Commission, UK Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Roscosmos, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), and Russian Government

Subjects
Martian, Ice cloud, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Storm, Atmosphere of Mars, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Trace gas, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Dust storm, 0103 physical sciences, Environmental science, Semiheavy water, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Water vapor, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sciences exactes et naturelles
Abstract

A publisher correction to this article was published on 17 April 2019, Global dust storms on Mars are rare1,2 but can affect the Martian atmosphere for several months. They can cause changes in atmospheric dynamics and inflation of the atmosphere3, primarily owing to solar heating of the dust3. In turn, changes in atmospheric dynamics can affect the distribution of atmospheric water vapour, with potential implications for the atmospheric photochemistry and climate on Mars4. Recent observations of the water vapour abundance in the Martian atmosphere during dust storm conditions revealed a high-altitude increase in atmospheric water vapour that was more pronounced at high northern latitudes5,6, as well as a decrease in the water column at low latitudes7,8. Here we present concurrent, high-resolution measurements of dust, water and semiheavy water (HDO) at the onset of a global dust storm, obtained by the NOMAD and ACS instruments onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. We report the vertical distribution of the HDO/H2O ratio (D/H) from the planetary boundary layer up to an altitude of 80 kilometres. Our findings suggest that before the onset of the dust storm, HDO abundances were reduced to levels below detectability at altitudes above 40 kilometres. This decrease in HDO coincided with the presence of water-ice clouds. During the storm, an increase in the abundance of H2O and HDO was observed at altitudes between 40 and 80 kilometres. We propose that these increased abundances may be the result of warmer temperatures during the dust storm causing stronger atmospheric circulation and preventing ice cloud formation, which may confine water vapour to lower altitudes through gravitational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals3. The observed changes in H2O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited., This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with financial and contractual coordination by the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493); by the Spanish MICINN through its Plan Nacional and by European funds under grants ESP2015-65064-C2-1-P and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER); by the UK Space Agency through grants ST/R005761/1, ST/P001262/1, ST/R001405/1, ST/S00145X/1, ST/R001367/1, ST/P001572/1 and ST/R001502/1; and the Italian Space Agency through grant 2018-2-HH.0. The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the 'Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa' award for the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS under grant number 30442502 (ET_HOME). The ACS experiment is led by IKI, Space Research Institute in Moscow, assisted by LATMOS in France. The project acknowledges funding by Roscosmos and CNES. The science operations of ACS are funded by Roscosmos and ESA. IKI affiliates acknowledge funding under grant number 14.W03.31.0017 and contract number 0120.0 602993 (0028-2014-0004) of the Russian government.

Published
2019

96. Inversion of CO2 in the Mars upper atmosphere from limb solar fluorescence measurements at 4.3 um by OMEGA/Mars Express and NOMAD/Trace Gas Orbiter

Author

López-Valverde, M. A., Jiménez-Monferrer, Sergio, Funke, Bernd, González-Galindo, F., Piccialli, A., Thomas, Ian R., Gondet, B., García Comas, Maia, López-Puertas, Manuel, López-Moreno, José Juan, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Robert, Severine, Trompet, Loic, Patel, Manish R., Bellucci, Giancarlo, Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, Vincendon, Mathiew, Bibring, Jean-Pierre, Belgian Science Policy Office, European Space Agency, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, UK Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)

Abstract

EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019, held 15-20 September 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland, id. EPSC-DPS2019-181.-- © Author(s) 2019. CC Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es, This work combines two sets of Mars atmospheric limb observations from orbit, from two instruments on board the two European missions to Mars, Mars Express and Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter, to exploit some special emissions by the CO2 molecule in the infrared, strongly excited by solar fluorescence, and which permits to derive the thermal structure of the atmosphere outside the terminator. The results represent excellent datasets at mesospheric and thermospheric altitudes to validation models and to test our understanding of the density variations at high altitude in the Mars atmosphere., ExoMars is a space mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Roscosmos. The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with the financial and contractual coordination by the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIU) and by European funds under grants PGC2018-101836-BI00 and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through grant ST/R005761/1 and Italian Space Agency through grant 2018-2-HH.0. The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the ‘Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa’ award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017- 0709). This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique – FNRS under grant numbers 30442502 (ET_HOME) and T.0171.16 (CRAMIC) and BELSPO BrainBe SCOOP Project. US investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Published
2019

97. No detection of methane on Mars from early ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter observations

Author

Korablev, Oleg, Avandaele, Ann Carine, Montmessin, Franck, Fedorova, Anna A., Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, Forget, François, Lefèvre, Franck, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian R., Trompet, Loïc, Erwin, Justin T., Kasaba, Yasumasa, Kass, David, Khatuntsev, Igor, Kleinböhl, Armin, Kokonkov, Nikita, Krasnopolsky, Vladimir, Kuzmin, Ruslan, Lacombe, Gaétan, LANCIANO, ORIETTA, Lellouch, Emmanuel, Oliva, Fabrizio, Lewis, Stephen, Luginin, Mikhail, Liuzzi, Giuliano, López-Puertas, Manuel, López-Valverde, Miguel, Määttänen, Anni, Mahieux, Arnaud, Marcq, Emmanuel, Martin-Torres, Javier, Maslov, Igor, Patsaev, Dmitry, Medvedev, Alexander, Millour, Ehouarn, Moshkin, Boris, Mumma, Michael J., Nakagawa, Hiromu, Novak, Robert E., Piccialli, Arianna, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Renotte, Etienne, Ritter, Birgit, Rodin, Alexander, Schmidt, Frédéric, Schneider, Nick, Shematovich, Valery, Aoki, Shohei, Smith, Michael D., Teanby, Nicholas A., Thiemann, Ed, Thomas, Nicolas, Vander Auwera, Jean, Vazquez, Luis, Villanueva, Geronimo, Vincendon, Matthieu, Whiteway, James, Wilquet, Valérie, Robert, Séverine, Wolff, Michael J., WOLKENBERG, PAULINA MARIA, Yelle, Roger, Young, Roland, Zasova, Ludmila, Zorzano, Maria Paz, Neary, Lori, Viscardy, Sébastien, Grigoriev, Alexey V., Ignatiev, Nikolay I., Shakun, Alexey, Patrakeev, Andrey, Belyaev, Denis A., Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Olsen, Kevin S., Baggio, Lucio, Alday, Juan, Ivanov, Yuriy S., Ristic, Bojan, Mason, Jon, Willame, Yannick, Depiesse, Cédric, Hetey, Laszlo, Berkenbosch, Sophie, Clairquin, Roland, Queirolo, Claudio, Beeckman, Bram, Neefs, Eddy, Patel, Manish R., BELLUCCI, Giancarlo, López-Moreno, Jose-Juan, Wilson, Colin F., Etiope, Giuseppe, Zelenyi, Lev, Svedhem, Håkan, Vago, Jorge L., ACS Science Team, NOMAD Science Team, Alonso-Rodrigo, Gustavo, ALTIERI, FRANCESCA, Anufreychik, Konstantin, Arnold, Gabriele, Bauduin, Sophie, Bolsée, David, CARROZZO, FILIPPO GIACOMO, Clancy, R. Todd, CLOUTIS, EDWARD, Crismani, Matteo, da Pieve, Fabiana, D'AVERSA, EMILIANO, Duxbury, Natalia, Encrenaz, Therese, Fouchet, Thierry, Funke, Bernd, Fussen, Didier, Garcia-Comas, Maia, Gérard, Jean-Claude, GIURANNA, MARCO, Gkouvelis, Leo, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, GRASSI, Davide, Guerlet, Sandrine, Hartogh, Paul, Holmes, James, Hubert, Benoît, Kaminski, Jacek, Karatekin, Ozgur, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine (MAO), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering [Cluj-Napoca], Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad 'Ignacio Da Riva' (IDR), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Spectroscopie de l'atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Graduate School of Information Sciences [Sendai], Tohoku University [Sendai], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institute for Astrophysics and Computational Sciences [Washington], Catholic University of America, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå], Luleå University of Technology (LUT), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Advanced Mechanical and Optical Systems SA (AMOS), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Bern, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Belgian Science Policy Office, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, UK Space Agency, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles), Roscosmos, Russian Government, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, European Space Agency, IMPEC - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), University of Oxford, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
Martian, Multidisciplinary, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chemistry, Atmosphere of Mars, Mars Exploration Program, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Methane, Trace gas, law.invention, Astrobiology, Atmosphere, Orbiter, chemistry.chemical_compound, 13. Climate action, law, Atmospheric chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sciences exactes et naturelles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

A publisher correction to this article was published on 17 April 2019, The detection of methane on Mars has been interpreted as indicating that geochemical or biotic activities could persist on Mars today1. A number of different measurements of methane show evidence of transient, locally elevated methane concentrations and seasonal variations in background methane concentrations2–5. These measurements, however, are difficult to reconcile with our current understanding of the chemistry and physics of the Martian atmosphere6,7, which—given methane’s lifetime of several centuries—predicts an even, well mixed distribution of methane1,6,8. Here we report highly sensitive measurements of the atmosphere of Mars in an attempt to detect methane, using the ACS and NOMAD instruments onboard the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter from April to August 2018. We did not detect any methane over a range of latitudes in both hemispheres, obtaining an upper limit for methane of about 0.05 parts per billion by volume, which is 10 to 100 times lower than previously reported positive detections2,4. We suggest that reconciliation between the present findings and the background methane concentrations found in the Gale crater4 would require an unknown process that can rapidly remove or sequester methane from the lower atmosphere before it spreads globally. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited., ExoMars is the space mission of ESA and Roscosmos. The ACS experiment is led by IKI, the Space Research Institute in Moscow, assisted by LATMOS in France. The project acknowledges funding by Roscosmos and CNES. The science operations of ACS are funded by Roscosmos and ESA. IKI affiliates acknowledge funding under grant number 14.W03.31.0017 and contract number 0120.0 602993 (0028-2014-0004) of the Russian government. The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), assisted by co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the UK (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with the financial and contractual coordination of the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401 and PEA 4000121493), by Spanish MICINN through its Plan Nacional and by European funds under grants ESP2015-65064-C2-1-P and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by the UK Space Agency through grants ST/R005761/1, ST/P001262/1, ST/R001405/1, ST/S00145X/1, ST/R001367/1, ST/P001572/1 and ST/R001502/1, and the Italian Space Agency through grant 2018-2-HH.0. This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS under grant number 30442502 (ET_HOME).

Published
2019

98. Climatology of Carbon Monoxide on Mars as Observed by NOMAD

Author

Smith, M. D., Villanueva, Geronimo L., Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin T., Daerden, Frank, Ristic, Bojan, Holmes, J., Patel, M., Bellucci, Giancarlo, López-Moreno, José Juan, González-Galindo, F., Funke, Bernd, López-Valverde, M. A., Thomas, Ian R., and Vandaele, Ann Carine

Abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2019, abstract #P41B-3426, Radiative transfer modeling of near-infrared spectra taken by the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) instrument on-board the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) enables the retrieval of the vertical distribution of carbon monoxide in the Mars atmosphere (among many other quantities). The collection of NOMAD observations taken to date covers nearly a full Mars year permitting a first look at the seasonal and global-scale variations of CO observed by TGO. Here we present this climatology of CO from NOMAD and compare it against the CO climatology obtained previously by the CRISM instrument.

Published
2019

99. NOMAD, an Integrated Suite of Three Spectrometers for the ExoMars Trace Gas Mission: Technical Description, Science Objectives and Expected Performance

Author

Vandaele, Ann Carine, López-Moreno, José Juan, Patel, Manish R., Bellucci, Giancarlo, Daerden, Frank, Ristic, Bojan, Robert, S., Thomas, Ian R., Wilquet, V., Allen, M., Alonso-Rodrigo, G., Altieri, F., Aoki, Shohei, Bolsée, D., Clancy, T., Cloutis, E., Depiesse, C., Drummond, R., Fedorova, A., Formisano, V., Funke, Bernd, González-Galindo, F., Geminale, A., Gérard, Jean-Claude, Giuranna, M., Hetey, L., Ignatiev, N., Kaminski, J., Karatekin, O., Kasaba, Y., Leese, M., Lefèvre, F., Lewis, S. R., López-Puertas, Manuel, López-Valverde, M. A., Mahieux, A., Mason, J., McConnell, J., Mumma, M., Neary, L., Neefs, E., Renotte, E., Rodriguez-Gomez, J., Sindoni, G., Smith, M., Stiepen, A., Trokhimovsky, A., Vander Auwera, J., Villanueva, Geronimo L., Viscardy, S., Whiteway, J., Willame, Y., Wolff, Michael T., Patel, M., D’aversa, E., Fussen, D., García Comas, Maia, Hewson, W., McConnel, J., Novak, R., Oliva, F., Piccialli, A., Aparicio del Moral, Beatriz, Barzin, P., BenMoussa, A., Berkenbosch, S., Biondi, D., Bonnewijn, S., Candini, G. P., Clairquin, R., Cubas, J., De-Lanoye, S., Giordanengo, B., Gissot, S., Gomez, A., Maes, J., Mazy, E., Mazzoli, A., Meseguer, J., Morales, Rafael, Orban, A., Pastor, Carmen, Perez-Grande, I., Queirolo, C., Saggin, B., Samain, V., Sanz Andres, A., Sanz Mesa, Rosario, Simar, J.-F., Thibert, T., Jerónimo, José María, The NOMAD Team, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad 'Ignacio Da Riva' (IDR), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Tohoku University [Sendai], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique [Bruxelles] (FNRS), York University [Toronto], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Centre Spatial de Liège (CSL), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Catholic University of America, Belgian Science Policy Office, European Space Agency, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, UK Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, and Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Solar occultation, education, Physique atomique et moléculaire, Exploration of Mars, 01 natural sciences, Occultation, law.invention, Orbiter, Mars atmosphere, law, 0103 physical sciences, Nadir, Chimie, natural sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Ultraviolet, Martian, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dust, Atmosphere of Mars, Mars Exploration Program, Nadir observations, ExoMars, Trace gas, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Spectroscopie [électromagnétisme, optique, acoustique], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Visible, Environmental science, Infrared, Methane, Composition
Abstract

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), The NOMAD (“Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery”) spectrometer suite on board the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) has been designed to investigate the composition of Mars’ atmosphere, with a particular focus on trace gases, clouds and dust. The detection sensitivity for trace gases is considerably improved compared to previous Mars missions, compliant with the science objectives of the TGO mission. This will allow for a major leap in our knowledge and understanding of the Martian atmospheric composition and the related physical and chemical processes. The instrument is a combination of three spectrometers, covering a spectral range from the UV to the mid-IR, and can perform solar occultation, nadir and limb observations. In this paper, we present the science objectives of the instrument and explain the technical principles of the three spectrometers. We also discuss the expected performance of the instrument in terms of spatial and temporal coverage and detection sensitivity.© 2018, The Author(s)., The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with the financial and contractual coordination by the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493), by Spanish MICINN through its Plan Nacional and by European funds under grant ESP2015-65064-C2-1-P (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through grants ST/R005761/1, ST/P001262/1, ST/R001405/1 and ST/R001405/1 and Italian Space Agency through grant 2018-2-HH.0. The research was performed as part of the >Excellence of Science> project >Evolution and Tracers of Habitability on Mars and the Earth> (30442502). SA acknowledge support from the FNRS, Be.

Published
2018

100. Methane on Mars: New insights into the sensitivity of CH4 with the NOMAD/ExoMars spectrometer through its first in-flight calibration

Author

Liuzzi, Giuliano, primary, Villanueva, Geronimo L., additional, Mumma, Michael J., additional, Smith, Michael D., additional, Daerden, Frank, additional, Ristic, Bojan, additional, Thomas, Ian, additional, Vandaele, Ann Carine, additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, Lopez-Moreno, José-Juan, additional, and Bellucci, Giancarlo, additional

Published
2019
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