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Objective : The maxilla is formed by the medial nasal and maxillary processes fusion. The dental lamina develops from 2 origins connecting in the lateral incisor. The maxillary lateral incisor region is often affected by dental anomalies and clefting. It is possible that genes involved in oral cleft could also be associated with a variety of phenotypic variations in the maxillary lateral incisor. In this phenotype–genotype study, we explored the association between polymorphisms in the oral-cleft-related genes BMP2 and BMP4 and root curvature of maxillary lateral incisors. Design : Cross-sectional study. Settings : Universities and private clinics. Patients, Participants : Panoramic radiographs and DNA from 231 patients were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures : Schneider method (1971) was applied to estimate the degree of root curvature of the maxillary lateral incisors and to classify the root as straight (5° or less) or curved (higher than 5°). Genetic polymorphisms in BMP2 (rs235768 and rs1005464) and BMP4 (rs17563) were genotyped. Statistical analysis was performed. Results : A total of 401 teeth (199 left and 202 right) were evaluated. Genetic analysis demonstrated trends toward association for the rs1005464 in BMP2 (P =.025) in co-dominant model and in dominant model (P =.026) for left incisors. The rs235768 in BMP2 showed trends toward association with the degree of root curvature in left incisors in the recessive model (P =.031). rs17563 in BMP4 also showed trends toward association with the degree of the root curvature in left incisors (P =.019). Conclusion : BMP2 (rs235768 and rs1005464) and BMP4 (rs17563) might be involved in maxillary lateral incisor root curvature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep is a fundamental biological function, and any disturbances can lead to alterations in an individual's physical, occupational, cognitive, and social functioning. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sleep and its association with factors such as age, sex, facial profile, and genetic polymorphisms in individuals who underwent dental treatment. Methods: The study comprised a total of 227 individuals. The "Sleep Assessment Questionnaire" was utilized to evaluate sleep quality. For the genetic assessment, oral mucosa cells were collected and markers from the COMT (rs174675, rs165656), HTR2A (rs4941573, rs6313), and FKBP5 (rs1360780, rs3800373) genes were selected for real-time PCR analysis. The data were subjected to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that women had a poorer perception of sleep quality (p<0.05). There was a significant association between sleep quality and facial profile (p<0.05). Individuals with facial profiles I and II had a poorer perception of sleep quality in general and in the domains of non-restorative sleep, sleep time disturbance, and restlessness. Individuals with facial profile II had a poorer perception of sleep apnea than those with profile III (p=0.034). There was a significant association between the COMT rs174675 polymorphism and restlessness (p=0.035). Conclusion: The poorest perception of sleep quality was associated with women and individuals with facial profiles I and II. The poorest perception of restlessness was associated with COMT rs174675 polymorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in SOD2 and SOD3 genes modulate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Para athletes with dental caries experience. The cross-sectional study included 264 Para athletes (143 in athletics, 61 in weightlifting and 60 in swimming). A trained and calibrated team recorded the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT). The Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure OHRQoL. Genomic DNA was extracted from the athletes' saliva, and genetic polymorphisms in the SOD2 (rs5746136 and rs10370) and SOD3 (rs2855262 and rs13306703) genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A multivariate General Linear Model analysis, adjusted for sex, revealed that the SOD3 gene polymorphism (rs2855262) had a significant effect on the psychological disability domain [codominant (p = 0.045) and recessive (p=0.038) models]. The SOD2 gene polymorphism (rs5746136) had a significant effect on the total OHIP-14 score [dominant model (p = 0.038)] and the psychological discomfort [dominant model (p = 0 .034)] a nd p hysical d isability [codominant m odel (p=0.037)] domains. Presence of the SOD2 rs10370 polymorphism led to statistical differences in the total score [codominant (p = 0.026) and dominant (p = 0.023) models] and the handicap domain scores [codominant (p = 0.027) and dominant (p = 0.032) models]. Polymorphisms of the SOD2 and SOD3 genes may be important biomarkers of OHRQoL in Para athletes with dental caries experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The transmission of viruses between species and the emergence of viral pandemics are threats to public health and with catastrophic aftermath for the population. Objective: The objective of this research was evaluated actions of Brazilian dentists concerning covid-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. Material and methods: The survey was conducted with a web-based questionnaire, from 8th July to 8th August 2020. The participants answered questions about socio-demographic factors, followed by actions towards the covid-19, that include service offered in the pandemic period, personal protective equipment (PPE), mode of prevention, emergency with a suspect case and urgency with a confirmed case. All data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics with a 5% significance level. Results: A total of 393 participants were recruited, 27.7% men and 72.3% women with a median age of 30 years (21 - 61). About service offered in the pandemic period 53.4 % of the participants answered to operate as a "usual service with a longer period between patients". Professionals who do not work in universities have adopted actions of "increasing the time between dental appointments" (p = 0.04) or "operate as usual" (p = 0,02). Nearly PPE, 48,9% wore an N-95 mask. Regarding mode of prevention, older and more experienced dentists adopted more preventive measures than younger and more experienced dentists (p > 0.05), in addition, men choose pre-procedural mouthwash with PVPI more than women (p = 0.014). Likewise, those who work at universities also choose pre-procedural mouthwash with PVPI more than those who do not work at universities (p = 0.004). The action regarding urgency and emergency care varied according to the educational level of the participant. Conclusion: It is important to emphasize that during this moment of uncertainty, it is necessary to be constantly aware of new scientific evidence. While generally accepting of federal and state recommendations, respondents seemed to desire more guidance during the initial phase of the pandemic. Some participants' actions towards covid-19 were divergences from the recommendations proposed by the regulatory agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]